非謂語動(dòng)詞語法講解

非謂語動(dòng)詞語法講解一、非謂語動(dòng)詞的概念動(dòng)詞的基本用法是作謂語。當(dāng)句中已經(jīng)有了謂語動(dòng)詞了，要選或要填的動(dòng)詞就只能用非謂語形式了。非謂語形式有三種：1、動(dòng)詞不定式：todo2、動(dòng)詞的ing:doing3、 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：done、三種形式的含義（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和將來；動(dòng)詞的ing：表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行；過去分詞：表示被動(dòng)和完成。三、非謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)完成式 進(jìn)行式tohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendone完成式 進(jìn)行式tohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendonehavingdonehavingbeendone不定式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)ing形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)過去分詞被動(dòng)todotobedonedoingbeingdonedone即not/nevertodo,not/neverdoing即not/nevertodo,not/neverdoing五、 非謂語動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：for/ofsb.todosth.動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：賓格或所有格+doing（-ing形式作主語時(shí)，用的所有格+doing）六、非謂語動(dòng)詞的做題步驟1、 判定是否用非謂語形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了謂語動(dòng)詞了2、 找非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語。方法：非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語一般是句子的主語。3、 判斷主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。方法：非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語的主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。4、 判斷時(shí)間關(guān)系。方法：分析句子，看看非謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前、之后還是同時(shí)。之前常用done;之后常用todo;同時(shí)常用doing.學(xué)習(xí)非謂語形式時(shí)，建議把三種形式一起來比較學(xué)習(xí)，會(huì)更加有效一些。一、非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語和表語的比較1、 不定式和動(dòng)名詞作主語和表語不定式表示一次性的、具體的動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞ing常表示一般的、泛指的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk（分析）agoodform暗示泛指一般的行為，用動(dòng)名詞作主語，選B不定式作主語時(shí)，常用it作形式主語，即用句型：Itis+adj./n.+（for/ofsb.）todosth.It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.It’skindofyoutohelpus.注意：下面幾個(gè)句型是用動(dòng)名詞：It’snogood/usedoingsth.It’suselessdoingsth.Thereisnoneedtodosth.2、 不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞作表語的比較1、 不定式、動(dòng)名詞作表語，.表示主語的內(nèi)容。如：Myjobisteaching/toteachEnglish.（teaching/toteachEnglish是myjob的內(nèi)容）Knowingwhowearemeansknowingwhatweliketodo. （主表語要用同一種形式）2、 分詞作表語記?。阂恍┍硎厩楦小⑶榫w的動(dòng)詞，常用分詞形式作表語。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)特征，

用過去分詞表示主語的狀態(tài)。常用動(dòng)詞：surprise（使某人吃驚），surprising（令人吃驚），surprised（主語）感到吃驚）類似動(dòng)詞有：excite（激動(dòng)），astonish（驚奇），shock（震驚），scare（驚恐），disappoint（失望），move（感動(dòng)），如：Themovieisexciting.Weareexcitedatthenews.3、 在seem/appear（似乎，好像），prove/turnout（被證明是），remain（仍然是，尚彳寺）等連系動(dòng)詞后，可用不定式作表語。如：Heseemed（tobe）veryhappy.非謂語動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題精選Shepretended mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotsee D.havingnotseen-Haveyoudecidedwhen?-Yes,tomorrowmorning.A.toleave B.tobeleavingC.willyouleave D.areyouleavingLastsummerItookacourseon .A.howtomakedresses B.howtobemadedressedC.howdressesbemade D.howdressestobemadeMr.Smithwarnedhisdaughter afterdrinking.A.toneverdrive B.neverdrivingC.nevertodrive D.neverdriveTheyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher upfromchildhood.A.grow B.grew C.wasgrowing D.togrowJohnwasmade thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.washing B.towash C.wash D.tobewashingThechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto .A.sit B.siton C.besatD.besaton8.Itiseasythesequestions.A.answer B.tobeansweredC.foranswering D.forhertoanswer9.iseasierthandoing.A.TotalkB.TalkC.TalkingD.TalksDon'tforget yourlawyerthisweekend.A.meeting B.tomeetC.havingmet D.metIamafraidIforget youbefore.A.tomeetB.meetingC.meetD.metMypenisratherold,butitisallrightformeto .A.writeB.writewith C.bewritten D.bewrittenwithHedoesn'tknowA.ifB.eitherHedoesn'tknowA.ifB.eitherThedoctoradvisesC.whetherD.ifhewilllessand moreexercise.A.toeat;totakeB.eating;totakeC.eating;takingD.toeat;taking-Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?-I'mthinkingoftovisitmyaunt.A.goB.goingC.havinggoneD.mygoingThedeerwasluckythatitjustmissed.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatchYoushouldkeeponEnglisheveryday.A.topractisetospeakB.topractisespeakingC.practisingtospeakD.practisingspeakingThestudentdoesn'tmind whenhespeaksEnglish.A.A.beinglaughedB.beinglaughedatC.tobelaughedD.laughingatThesentenceneeds .A.improveB.improvingC.improvedD.animprovement

A.improveB.improvingHaveyouuseda bag?A.sleepingB.sleepC.asleepD.sleptLittleTomcoulddonothingbut .A.waitedB.waitingC.waitD.towaitmadehermotherangry.A.Helen'smarriedJack B.Helen'smarryingJackC.Helen'shasmarriedJack D.Helen'smarryingwithJackTheproblemisworth .A.discussingB.todiscuss C.discussedD.tobediscussedHehasneverspentaday.A.moreworry B.mostworryingC.moreworryingD.mostworryMostofthepeople tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinvited C.beinginvitedD.invitingThenewssounds .A.encouragingB.encouraged27.-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?A.encouragingB.encouraged27.-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?A.beweighedB.tobeweighed-I'dliketohavethispackage,madam.C.toweighD.weighedanythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.A.NotknownB.KnownnotC.KnowingD.Notknowingtotheparty,Joanwasgreatlyhurt.A.HavingnotbeeninvitedB.NothavingbeeninvitedC.Havingnotinvited D.Nothavinginvitedbyapoliceman,thechildrencrossedthestreetsafely.A.ToleadB.LeadC.LeadingD.LedTheboyabluejacketisJohn'sbrother.A.wearB.woreC.wearingD.wearsEnglishisquitedifferentfromwrittenEnglish.A.SpokenB.SpeakC.SpokeD.SpeakingHeisfromancountry.A.English-spoken B.English-speaking C.speaking-EnglishD.English-speaktheirlessons,theywenttothecinema.A.FinishingB.HadfinishedC.FinishedD.Havingfinishedhehadwonthefirstprize,hefeltveryhappy.A.KnowB.KnownC.KnowingD.Beingknownbyher36.Assoonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightoftheflowersmother.byherA.buyingB.beingboughtC.wereboughtD.boughtTheoldscientisthasbeeninvitedtoapartynextMondayevening.A.holdingB.holdC.beingheldD.tobeheldThebuilding nowwillbeusedasourreadingroom.A.builtB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.isbuiltadvisedatonce.A.himtostartingB.himtostartC.tostartingD.tostartYoushouldn'tallow gamesneartheclassroom,forit'stoonoisy.A.studentplayingB.toplayC.studentstoplayD.toplayingThestudentsarekeptbusytheirlessons.A.toreviewB.reviewC.reviewingD.onreviewingknewhedidn'tlistentome,butIwentontogethimintheproposal.A.hoping;interestingB.tohope;interestingC.hoping;interestD.hoping;interested43.Wecan'tgetthecar.Weneedsomeoneus.A.A.togo;tohelpB.going;tohelpC.going;helpingD.gone;helpingprefertowatchfootball.A.toplay B.toplayingC.ratherthanplayD.thantoplay45.Thedaywehadlookedforwardtoatlast.A.comingB.comeC.cameD.comeshopeyou'llsucceedthistask.A.finishesB.tofinishC.finishD.infinishing47.Hecouldn'topenthefrontdoor,sohetriedthebackdoor.A.pushB.topush C.pushedD.pushingdon'twantthatsortofthingA.keephappenB.keephappeningC.tokeephappenD.tokeephappeningMywatchwants .Itdoesn'ttherighttime.A.torepair;tellB.beingrepaired;sayC.repairing;speakD.repairing;tellThedoctoradvisedhimtogiveup,butherefusedso.A.tosmoke;doingB.smoking;todoC.tosmoke;todoD.smoking;doingverysmall,computersarewidelyused.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Beingmanytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HehadbeentoldC.ThoughhehadbeentoldD.Havingtoldtotheleftan