2023學(xué)年完整公開課版名詞性從句

名詞性從句辨別下列名詞性從句的類別：1.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.2.JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.3.Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.4.Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.5.HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawinU.S.6.ItisimpossiblethatIgoandattendthemeeting.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句賓語從句主語從句引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞分類關(guān)聯(lián)詞詞義功能特點(diǎn)從屬連詞that無不作句子成分，有時可省略if/whether是否不作句子成分連接代詞who(ever)誰(無論誰)在從句中作主語、表語、賓語或定語whom(ever)誰(無論誰)what(ever)什么(無論什么)which(ever)哪一個(無論哪一個)whose誰的連接副詞why為什么在從句中作狀語

when什么時間where在哪里how怎么樣1.主語從句:句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語結(jié)構(gòu)類型:①由It

作形式主語;(主語較長時)②由That/Whether

引導(dǎo);③由wh-疑問詞和How引導(dǎo).Itisapity

thatyoumissedthefilm.Whatheneedsismoreexperience.Whowillgomakesnodifference.whethertheteamwillwin

isstillunknown.Howhetravelsisamystery.That

hewasabletocomemadeushappy.2.表語從句:結(jié)構(gòu):常見連系動詞:連接詞:在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語的從句。主語+連系動詞+表語從句be,look,remain,seem,taste,sound,feel,appearthat,whether,wh-疑問詞,because,as,asif/though常見句型:1.ThetruthisthatIdidn’tgothere.2.Thequestioniswhether

hecangetthebill.4.Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe.5.Helooksasif/asthoughhe’stired.6.Itisbecausehedoesn’tknowher.3.AllIwanttoknowiswhathemeant.7.Thereason

whyhedidnotcomewasthat

hegotuplate.3.賓語從句:連接詞:結(jié)構(gòu):從句作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。that,whether/if,wh-疑問詞①作動詞的賓語Wecanlearnwhatwedidnotknow.Hesaid

thathegotfullmarksinthetest.Haveyouanyideaof

whenheleft?Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.②作介詞的賓語

that在賓語從句中不能省略的情況.

(1).在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)+that

從句(真正賓語)的句型中不省略.

例:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.(2).由連詞and連接的兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,that不省略.

例:Hetoldmethathewouldcomeandthat

hewouldcomeontime.that從句通常不能跟在介詞之后作賓語，但有些動詞或動詞短語帶賓語從句時習(xí)慣上在賓語從句前加it,這類動詞或動詞短語有：hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,appreciate,seeto,insiston,dependon,relyon等。(that不能省略)(1)Youmaydependuponitthathewilljoinourclub.(2)Youmustseetoitthatthedoorislockedbeforeyouleave.(3)Ihateitwhentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfull.wh-引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由who,which,whose,how,when,where,why等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句中謂語動詞用陳述語序，但連接詞要放在主語之前。Doyouknowwhenthemeetingwillbegin?你知道會議什么時候開始嗎？某些表語形容詞(如sure，certain，glad，surprised等)后可帶賓語從句Hewasafraidthatsomeonemightfindhim.他害怕有人會發(fā)現(xiàn)他。語序問題1.Thephotographswillshowyou____.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Youcanhardlyimagine______whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited【易混點(diǎn)撥】1.賓語從句的時態(tài)(1)如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。(2)如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時，過去完成時)。

(3)如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。2.賓語從句的否定前移(1)若主句謂語動詞為think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，且主語為第一人稱，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我覺得這件衣服不適合你。(2)當(dāng)以上動詞后面接含有疑問代詞、疑問副詞的賓語從句時，疑問詞位于句首。WhodoyouthinkisgoodatEnglish?你認(rèn)為誰擅長英語？Wheredoyousupposetheaccidenthappened?你認(rèn)為這個事故發(fā)生在哪里？

4.同位語從句:同位語從句跟在名詞后面，對其具體內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋、說明。

其后常跟同位語從句的名詞主要是抽象名詞，如：news

,

fact,belief,doubt,idea,possibility,hope,thought,message,problem,

promise等等。同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞常用that,無詞義，也不作句子成分，但是不能省略。wh-疑問詞,how等。Thenews

thatourteamhaswonistrue.Ihavenoidea

whichpenismine.Givemeyourpromise

thatyouwouldcome.【注意】(1)同位語從句偶爾由從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)。例如：Ihavenoideawhetherhe'llcomeornot.我不知道他是否會來。(2)連接代詞who,which,what和連接副詞where,when,why,how亦可引導(dǎo)同位語從句。Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.誰該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個問題需要考慮。Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwhere

wearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪兒去度暑假，這個問題我們還沒有決定。Itisaquestionhowhedidit.那是一個他如何做了此事的問題。

2.一些表示請求、要求、命令、建議的名詞如：advice,desire,decision,idea,instruction,order,plan,proposal,recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish充當(dāng)句子的主語，而后面接表語從句或同位語從句時，從句須用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should+)動詞原形。Wefollowedhisadvicethatweshouldaskourteacherforhelp.我們接受了他的建議：我們應(yīng)該請求老師的幫助。Hissuggestionisthatweshoulddoourworkmorecarefully.他的建議就是我們工作時要更細(xì)心些。Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.這就是我們惟一的請求：盡快解決這個問題?！疽谆禳c(diǎn)撥】同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別從句作用引導(dǎo)詞that先行詞同位語從句解釋、說明只起引導(dǎo)作用，不作成分、不可省略抽象名詞定語從句修飾、限定作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略無限制Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameistrue.我們隊(duì)贏了那場比賽的消息是真的。(同位語從句,補(bǔ)充說明news到底是一個什么消息)Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.昨天他告訴我的那個消息是真的。(定語從句,that在從句中作told的賓語)Whether與if的區(qū)別１）二者在動詞后引導(dǎo)賓語從句時?？苫Q．

eg.Theairhostessaskedif(whether)anyofthepassengersknewaboutthemachine.2)動詞doubt用在時，賓從的連接詞用that而不用whether.用在中時，用if或whether

均可

eg.1)Idon’tdoubtthatLipinghasenteredthekeyuniversity.2)IdoubtwhetherShenhuaFootballTeamwillgaintheThirdprize.．疑問句和否定句中肯定句Finishthefollowingexercises.

1)Iwonder___________hehasgoneabroad.

2)_________theplanwillbecarriedoutisstillunknown.3)Thequestionis________itissafetolandonmoon.4)Italldependson________youwillcome.5)Itisnotknownyet__________wecantakethebuswhenthereisaheavyfog.6)Theprofessorcan’tdecide_______tostayornot.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherFillintheblanks.zxxk1._________hefailedthemathsexamsurprisedallofus.2.WhatIwanttomakeclearis________youareinterestedinskating.3.Whoknows____________itwillraintomorrow.4.Itlooks_________itweregoingtoraintomorrow.Thatwhether

if/whetherasifFillintheblanks.1)Themanagersaidhewassatisfiedwith________youdid.2)Itisnotyetclear_______ofthosewillbechosentodothejob.3)Givethebookto____________youmeetintheclassroom.4)Youcanask____________isondutytonight.5)___________hatthisis,Iwishhecouldcomeandtakeitaway.what

whichwhomeverwhoeverwhoseverFillintheblanks.1.Nooneknows___thefirebroke.2.Heaskedme___________wewouldfinishthebook.3.Doyouhaveanyidea_______hewillsetoff?4.Youcanneverimagine__________Imissyou.whyhowsoonwhenhowmuch1.Iwonderifthisis____youarelookingfor.2.Ourschoolisquitedifferentfrom_____itwasbefore.3.Fathermadeapromise____ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer.4._______Ican’tunderstandiswhyhehaschanged