西點軍校英文簡介PPT

WestPointMilitaryAcadamyUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademy

TheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademyatWestPoint(alsoknownasUSMA,WestPoint,orArmy)isafour-yearcoeducationalfederalservic-eacademylocatedatWestPoint,NewYork.Establishedin1802,USMAistheoldestoftheUnitedStates'sfiveserviceacademies.ThemilitarygarrisonatWestPointwasoccupiedin1778andplayedakeyroleintheRevoluti-onaryWar.TheacademysitsonscenichighgroundoverlookingtheHudsonRiver,50miles(80km)northofNewYorkCity.Theentirecentralcampusisanationallandmarkandhometoscoresofhistoricsites,buildings,andmonuments.Themajorityofthecampus'sneogo-thicbuildingsareconstructedfromgrayandblackgranite.ThecampusisapopulartouristdestinationcompletewithalargevisitorcenterandtheoldestmuseumintheUnitedStatesArmyMottoofWestPointOfficialmotto:duty,honor,country.WestPointtraining:

punctual,andlaw-abidingstrictly,integrityandstrength.

Studentshonorcriteria:Notlying,deception,burglary,andmustnottoleratesuchactsofothers.Nottoshirkresponsibility.Selflessdevotion.DouglasMacArthur(1880-1964),PrisedentofWestPoint(1918-1922)Mar.16th,1802TheestablishmentandfundingoftheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademy.1812TheimpendingWarof1812causedCongresstoauthorizeamoreformalsystemofeducationattheacademy,andincreasedthesizeoftheCorpsofCadetsto250.1817,ColonelSylvanusThayerwhoknownasthe"FatheroftheMilitaryAcademy"becametheSuperintendentandestablishedthecurriculumstillinusetothisday.May.13rd,1846-Jan.13rd,1847TheMexican–AmericanWarbroughttheacademytoprominenceasgraduatesprovedthemselvesinbattleforthefirsttime.1860s-1900,Theacademyenjoyedunprecedentedfameasaresultoftheroleitsgraduateshadplayed.1900and1915ItsawaconstructionboomasmuchofWestPoint'soldinfrastructurewasrebuilt.Manyoftheacademy'smostfamousgraduatesgraduatedduringthe15-yearperiod.TheEstablishmentandDevelopmentofWestPoint1917TheoutbreakofAmerica'sinvolvementinWorldWarIcausedasharpincreaseinthedemandforarmyofficers,andtheacademyacceleratedthegraduationforallthreeofthe

upperclassestomeetthisrequirement.1942Congressauthorizedanincreaseto2,496cadetsin1942,andbegangraduatingclassesearly.1976WestPointadmitteditsfirst119femalecadetsin1976,afterCongressauthorizedtheadmissionofwomentothefederalserviceacademiesin1975.1980VincentBrooksbecamethefirstAfrican-AmericanFirstCaptainin1980.1985,cadetswereformallyauthorizedtodeclareanacademicmajor;allpreviousgraduateshadbeenawardedageneralbachelorofsciencedegree.1990sTheacademywasanearlyadopteroftheinternetinthelate1990s.2006Itwasrecognizedasoneofthenation's"mostwired"campuses.LeadershipandMilitary

Leadership

CommandingofficerattheUSMAistheSuperinten-dent.Thispositionisroughlyequivalenttothepresidentofacivilianuniversity,butduetohisstatusasthecommandinggeneraloftheacademy,theSuperintendentholdsmoreinfluenceoverthedailylivesofthecadetsthanwouldacivilianuniversitypresident.Since1812,allSuperintendentshavebeenWestPointgraduates,thoughthishasneverbeenanofficialprerequis-itetoholdthatposition.Inrecentyears,thepositionofSuperintendenthasbeenheldbyaLieutenantGeneral.ThecurrentSuperintendent,LieutenantGeneralFranklinL.Hagenbeck,tookcommandon9June2006.Theacademyisadirectreportingunit,andassuch,theSuperintendentreportsdirectlytotheArmyChiefofStaffLTGFranklinHagenbeckwithRobertGates

Therearetwoothergeneralofficerpositionsattheacademy.BrigadierGeneralMichaelS.LinningtonistheCommandantofCadets,andBrigadierGeneralPatrickFinneganistheDeanoftheAcademicBoard.Thereare13academicdepartmentsatUSMA,eachwithacolonelastheheadofdepartment.These13tenuredcolo-nelscomprisethecoreoftheAcademicBoard.Theseofficersaretitled"ProfessorsUSMA"orPUSMA.TheacademyisalsooverseenbytheBoardofVisitors(BOV).TheBOVisapanelofSenators,CongressionalRepresentatives,andpresidentialappointeeswho"shallinquireintothemoraleanddiscipline,curriculum,instruction,physicalequipment,fiscalaffairs,academicmethods,andothermattersrelatingtotheacademythattheboarddecidestoconsider".CurrentlytheBOVischairedbySenatorKayBaileyHutchisonandiscomposedoffourSenators,fiveCongressmen,andsixpresidentialappointees.ThayermonumentMilitaryCadetscrossaropebridgeduringsummertrainingAllcadetsreceivecommissionin-gasSecondLieutenantsupongraduationsomilitaryandleadershipeducationisnestedwithacademicinstruction.Milita-rytraininganddisciplinefallund-erviewoftheOfficeoftheCommandant.Enteringfreshmen,orfourthclasscadets,arereferredtoasNewCadets,andentertheacademyonReceptionDayorRday,whichmarksthestartofcadetbasictraining(CBT),knowncolloquiallyasBeastBarracks,orsimplyBeast.MostcadetsconsiderBeasttobetheirmostdifficulttimeattheacademybecauseofthestrenuoustransitionfromciviliantomilitarylife.Theirsecondsummer,cadetsundergocadetfieldtraining(CFT)atnearbyCampBuckner,wheretheytrainmoreadvancedfieldcraftandmilitaryskills.Duringacadet'sthirdsummer,theymayserveasinstructorsforCBTorCFT.RisingFirstie(senior)cadetsnowalsospendonemonthtrainingatCampBuckner,wheretheytrainformoderntacti-calsituationsthattheywillsoonfaceasnewplatoonleaders.Cadetsalsohavetheopportunityduringtheirsecond,thirdandfourthsummerstoserveinactivearmyuni-tsandmilitaryschoolsaroundtheworld.ActivedutyofficersintherankofCaptainorMajorserveascompanyTacticalOfficers(Tac).Curriculum

WestPointisamedium-sized,highlyresidentialbaccalaureatecollege,withafull-time,four-yearundergraduateprogramthatemphasizesinstructioninthearts,sciences,andprofessionswithnograduateprogram.Thereare31academicmajorsandthemostpopularmajorsareinforeignlanguages,managementinformationsystems,history,economics,andmechanicalengineering.WestPointisaccreditedbytheMiddleStatesCommissiononHigherEducation.Militaryofficerscomprise75%ofthefaculty,whilecivilianprofessorscomprisetherema-ining25%offacultypositions.Classof2008tosstheirhatsafter"classdismissed"Acadet'sclassrank,whichdetermineshisarmybranchandassignmentupongraduation,iscalculatedasacombin-ationofacademicperformance(55%),militaryleadershipperformance(30%),andphysicalfitnessandathleticperformance(15%).The2008ForbesmagazinereportonAmerica'sBestCollegesranksWestPointnumber6nationallyandnumber1amongpublicinstitutions.The2008NationalLiberalArtsCollegecategoryinUSNews&WorldReportranksWestPointnumber14amongliberalartscolleges,andnumber1amongpublicinstitution.FirstieshouldersleeverankCampusTheacademyislocatedapproximately50milesnorthofNewYorkCityonthewesternbankoftheHudsonRiver.WestPoint,NewYorkisincorporatedasafederalmilitaryrese--rvationinOrangeCountyandisadjacenttoHi-ghlandFalls.BasedonthesignificancebothoftheRevolutionaryWarfortruinsandofthemilitaryacademyitself,themajorityoftheac-ademyareawasdeclaredaNationalHisto-ricLandmarkin1960.Oneofthemostvisitedandscenicsitesonpost,TrophyPoint,overlookstheHudsonrivertothenorth,andishometomanycapturedcannotfrompastwarsaswellastheStanfordWhite-designedBattleMonument.Thoughtheentiremilitaryreservat-ionencompasses15,974acrestheacademicareaofthecampus,knownas"centralarea"or"thecadetarea",isentirelyaccessibletocadetsorvisitorsbyfoot.Theacademygroundsarehometonumerousmonumentsandstatues.Thecentralcadetparadeground,thePlain,andincludestheWashingtonMonument,ThayerMonument,Eisen-howerMonument,MacArthurMonument,Koscius-zkoMonument,andSedgwickMonument.Amonu-menttoGeorgeS.Pattonwasdedicatedinfrontofthecadetlibraryin1950,butin2004itwasplacedinstoragetomakeroomfortheconstructionofJeffersonHall.WiththecompletionofJeffersonHall,Patt-on'sstatuewasrelocatedandunveiledatatemporarylocationon15May2009,whe-reitwillremainuntilthecompletionoftherenovationoftheoldcadetlibraryandBartlettHall.Thereisalsoastatuecom-memoratingbrotherhoodandfriendshipfromtheEcolePolytechniqueinthecadetcentr-alareajustoutsideNiningerHall.

Thereisalsoastatuecommemoratingbrother-hoodandfriendshipfromtheEcolePolytechn-iqueinthecadetcentralareajustoutsideNin-ingerHall.Theremainingcampusareaishometo27othermonumentsandmemorials.WestPointCemeteryTheWestPointCemeteryisthefinalrestingplaceofmanynotablegraduatesandfaculty,includingGeorgeArmstrongCuster,WilliamWestmoreland,MaggieDixon,andsixteenMedalofHonorrecipients.Theceme-teryisalsotheburialplaceofseveralrecentgraduateswhohavediedduringtheongoingGlobalWaronTerror.Manyoftheoldergravesiteshavelargeandornategravemarkers,thelargestbelongingtoEgbertViele(class1847),chiefengineerofBrooklyn'sProspectPark.ThecemeteryisalsohometoamonumenttoRev-olutionaryWarheroineMargaretCorbin.TraditionsClassringWestPointbeganthecollegiatetraditionoftheclassring,beginningwiththeclassof1835.Theclassof1836chosenorings,andtheclassof1879hadcufflinksinlieuofaclassring.Priorto1917,cadetscandesignmuchoftheringindividually,butnowonlythecenterstonecanbeindividualized.Onesideoftheringbearstheacademycrest,whiletheothersidebearstheclasscrestandthecenterstoneringbearsthewordsWestPointandtheclassyear.Theacad-emylibraryhasalargecollectionofcadetringsondisplay.SeniorcadetsreceivetheirringsduringRingWeekendintheearlyfalloftheirsenioryear.Imme-

diatelyafterseniorcadetsreturntothebarracksafterreceivingtheirrings,fourthclasscadetstaketheop-portunitytosurroundseniorcadetsfromtheircomp-anyandasktotouchtheirrings.Afterrecitingapoemknowntocadetsasthe"RingPoop",theseniorusua-llygrantsthefre