語法 省賽獲獎(jiǎng)

2023/10/8條件句表示主句的條件,分真實(shí)條件句

和虛擬條件句

兩種。a.真實(shí)條件句表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用陳述語氣。b.虛擬條件句

表示條件是無法實(shí)現(xiàn)或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用虛擬語氣。SubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣Oilfloatsifyoupouritonwater.IfI

were

a

millionaire

,

Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.真實(shí)條件句非真實(shí)條件句條件狀語從句:1.你如果把油倒在水里，油就浮起來。2.假若我是百萬富翁，我就環(huán)游世界。二虛擬語氣在條件從句中的應(yīng)用1）與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句謂語：主句謂語：

過去時(shí)would,should,could,might+動(dòng)詞原形注意：在虛擬語氣中，一般用were.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.IfI

had

alotofmoneyI

would

buyavilla2與過去事實(shí)相反從句謂語：had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞主句謂語：would,should,could,might+have+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldhaveseenher.Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefully,

hewouldnothavehadthecaraccidentyesterday3與將來事實(shí)相反從句謂語：主句謂語：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseeafilm.IfitshouldrainnextSunday,wewouldnotgotovisittheGreatWall.IfIweretobetwentynextyear,Icouldtakethecourse.1）過去時(shí)would,should,could,might+動(dòng)詞原形2）should+動(dòng)詞原形3)wereto+動(dòng)詞原形

一、用法歸納:虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法主從句構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)虛擬條件從句(if…)主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)If+主語+did(be用were)主語+would/should/could/might+do

If+主語+haddone主語+would/should/could/mighthavedone

主從句構(gòu)成虛擬條件從句(if…)主句與將來情況相反的假設(shè)①If+主語+did②If+主語+weretodo③If+主語+

shoulddo主語+would/should/could/mightdo時(shí)態(tài)2有時(shí)虛擬語氣的條件從句不用if引導(dǎo)，而用butfor,without,ifonly,but,otherwise(or)等詞。Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.

Withoutair,wecouldn’tlive.3)Ihadbeentherebytaxi,otherwiseIwouldhavemissedthetrain.用一個(gè)真實(shí)的分句做對比3)Ifonlytheweatherwerefine.以butfor,without開頭的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式和if的主句的一致。以Ifonly開頭的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式和if從句的一致。含蓄虛擬條件句Ifonly意為：若是...那該多好啊;真希望...;只要,只要...就好IfonlyIhadarrivedintime!Ifonlyshedidn’tdrivesofast.IfonlyIwereabird.IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice3虛擬條件從句與主句的時(shí)間不一致，稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句（混合虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)）。Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbewell.IfIwereyouIwouldnothavegonetoseethefilmyesterday.在混合虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句表示的動(dòng)作與主句表示的動(dòng)作的時(shí)間不一致，這時(shí)主、從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它們發(fā)生的時(shí)間進(jìn)行調(diào)整。①Ifhehadn’tmissedthetrain,hewouldarrivedherenow.②Ifhehadn’tmissed

thetrain,hewouldhavearrivedherethen.Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句1.比較:ShetalkedaboutAmericaasifhehadbeenbornthere.Hesings

asthoughhewereasinger.八、由asif或asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，其謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式或had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞或couldmightwoulddo。1)Heappearsasthoughhe____anItalian.A.were B.was C.hasbeen D.be2)Itseemsasifhe____thereyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeenAD九、虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應(yīng)用(1）*wish+賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。IwishIwereadoctor.IwishIcouldgoabroadnextyear.3)IwishIhadseenthefootballmatch.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)。與將來事實(shí)相反，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用would,could,might+動(dòng)詞原形。與過去事實(shí)相反，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)。現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：did（were）haddonewould/could/might+v.shouldIwishIwereabirdnow.（現(xiàn)在）IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistakeyesterday.（過去）Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishuslater.（將來）wishwish的賓語從句asif/though+Clause(表語，狀語)

現(xiàn)在：過去：將來：didhaddonewould/could/might+v.(2)*suggest等+賓語從句。這類動(dòng)詞有：order,insist,demand,desire,command,propose,request等。Theteachersuggestedthatoursportsmeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.Theheadmasterorderedthatallofthestudents(should)behereontime.Heinsistedthatwe(should)attendthemeeting.在賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略。在

command,order,require,demand,request,insist,propose,suggest等動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句，要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形Wesuggestthatwe(should)haveameeting.Weinsistedthatthey(should)gowithus.記?。篿nsist/suggest各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣Insist表示“堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，用虛擬形式，即should+do;Insist表示“堅(jiān)稱，堅(jiān)持說”時(shí)，用陳述語氣，表示事實(shí)。Suggest表示“建議”時(shí)，用虛擬形式。Suggest表示“表明、暗示”時(shí)，用陳述語氣。

使用(should)do句型1)一“堅(jiān)持”：insist;二“命令”：order,command;三“建議”：suggest,advise,propose;四“要求”：request,require,demand,ask虛擬語氣用于表語從句，同位語從句中。名詞advice,order,demand,proposal,command,requirement,insistence,suggestion,request等的表語從句和同位語從句要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成是(should)+動(dòng)詞原形Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingforoursummervocation.(4）*記住下面幾個(gè)句型：

natural/important/necessary/impossible/strange/funny/essentialItis+that

requested/suggested/desired/proposedapity從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形在主語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞可以用虛擬語氣表示驚奇，不相信，惋惜，理應(yīng)如此等主觀的情感,其謂語動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。1.Itisimportantthatwe(should)cleantheroomeveryday.(necessary,natural,strange,etc.)2.Itisapitythatyou(should)besocareless.

3.ItissuggestedthatMissLiu(should)giveaperformanceattheparty.2.It’stimethatwehad(或shouldhave)aclass.在It’sabout/hightimethat句型中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用did或shoulddosth(should不能省略）.3.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktoday.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktomorrow.I’dratheryouhad

finishedtheworkyesterday.在wouldrather句型中，與過去事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；與現(xiàn)在、將來事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)。wouldrather1)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?用過去式2)過去:

(haddone)

1.I’dratheryoucamenextSaturday.2.I’dratheryouwent

now3.I’dratheryouhadn’tdonethat.4.I’dratheryouhadn’tsaidit.If可能被省略,從句要倒裝Weresheincharge(=Ifshewereincharge),shewoulddothingsdifferently.HadIknownyouraddress(=IfIhadknownyouraddress),Iwouldhavewrittenbefore.Shouldyouchangeyourmind(=Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind),noonewouldblameyou.

()Weren’titfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.

()Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.TrueorfauseWereitnotHehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe______agoal.

A.hadscored

B.scored

C.wouldscore

D.wouldhave

scoredButforJohn,we______thematchlastweek.

A.wouldhavelost

B.wouldlose

C.hadlost

D.lost

Practice:_____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.