北京市海淀區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題

北京市海淀區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題學(xué)校:姓名:班級：考號：一、完形填空Sachininvestedeverythinghehadandborrowedsomemoneyfromfriendstostarthistextilebusiness.Despitehisbesteffortstomaintaintop]inhisproducts,hewasonlygettingsmallprojectsandtheearningswerenotsufficientto2itsbasiccost.Hisfriendsstartedaskingfortheirmoneyback,leavinghimfeelingdefeated.Oneday,whilesittingonafarm,Sachinmetafarmerwhoaskedhimwhyhelookedsodown.Sachinexplainedhisbusinesswasn'tgivinghimthe3he'dhopedfbrandthathewasthinkingofsellingit.ThefarmerthentookSachintoseeamangotreeandabambootree.“Boththetreeswereplantedatthesametime,4nurturedwithwater,fertilizer,andsunshine.Inthefirsttwoyears,themangotreegrewquickly,whilethebambootreeremainedrelativelydormant(休眠的).Itcontinuedforthethirdandfourthyears.Inthefifthyear,themangotreestarted5fruits.Still,therewereno6ofgrowthinthebambootree.Myfellowfarmerstoldmenottowasteanytimeonit.ButInevergaveup.Oneweeklater,therewasa7growthinthebambootree.Thenwithinsixweeks,thetreegrewto100feet.Actually,inthefirstfouryears,itwasdevelopingitsrootdeepundergroundforastrongbaseforoutsidegrowth/9Sachinrealizedthatthesameprinciple8hisbusiness.Hewentbacktohisfriends,requestedformoretimeandthenbeganexploringopportunitiestogetbigorders.Inthethirdmonth,a(n)9orderfromamultinationalcompanyworthmillionsofdollarscamein.Sachinandhisteamdeliveredtheorderontime,maintainingtheirhighstandards,andthecompanycontinuedtogivethemmoreorders.Eventually,Sachin'sbusinessbecamehighlyprofitable,andhe10allthedebtsheowedtohisfriends.1.A.rankingB,balanceC.qualityD.appearance2.A.coverB.cutC.manageD.increase3.A.opportunitiesB?returnsC.concernsD.expenses4.A.hardlyB.equallyC.finallyD.hurriedly5.A.bearingB,changingC.preservingD.gathering6.A.signsB,cluesC,patternsD.responses.你對該口號的理解；.具體倡議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dearfellowstudents,Students,Union7.A.solidB.steadyC.visualD.noticeable8.A.madeupB.turnedintoC.resultedfromD.appliedto9.A.regularB.ordinaryC.massiveD.familiar10.A.raisedB.settledC.investedD.consumed二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mostpeoplesufferfromwhatisknownas"Just-me-ism”.Whatisthat?Well,sayyouleavethetap11(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.Andallthesewouldbeveryharmful.Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironment,animalsandtheircommunity,aninstitutecalledRoots&Shoots12(establish)intheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall.Roots&Shootshopes13(involve)millionsofyoungpeopleallovertheworldtobeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Aftercollege,Itriedforsixmonthstogetajob,butmyluckwasbad.Finally,onedayIwasinadowntowncoffeeshop,14(bury)inthenewspaper,andmyluckbegantochange.Ayoungwomansittingnexttomeasked15shecouldreadmynewspaper.IsaidOKandwestartedtalking.Shetoldmesheworkedinahugeadvertisingcompanyand16(look)foranassistantatthemoment.ItoldherIwasinterestedinmasscommunicationandhadstudieditforfouryearsattheuniversity.Withinoneweek,Iwasherassistant.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mostgardenerswillprobablysaygardeningisgoodforyou.Accordingtoastudy,peoplewhogardenhavea17(healthy)diet,getmoreexercise,andfeellessstress.Researchersstudiedthebenefitsofgardeninginsharedcommunitygardens18peopleworktogether.Theysuggestgardeningmayreducestressbecauseitexposespeopletonature,whilecommunitygardensalsoprovide19(chance)forsocialinteraction.Therefore,theyhopetheresultswillencouragedoctorsandgovernmentleaderstoregardcommunitygardens20avitalpartofthepublichealthsystem.三、閱讀理解Doyouknowsomeonewhohasahardtimeopeningbottlesorjarsathome?Eighth-gradestudentsinMarkBolt'sengineeringclassweretaskedwithmakingchangestoaproducttomakeiteasierforpeoplewithchallengestouse.Ratherthanrequiringstep-by-stepdirectionsforcreatingtheirprojects,Mr.Boltpreferredtoleavestudents'creativepathsopen.Lefsseesomeofthestudents,products.ADeviceThatEasilyOpensBottlesTofindasolutionforhergrandmotherwhohaddifficultyinopeningbottles,Alanalookedatexistingbottleopenersandthenshecreatedherown.Sheusedapieceofwoodshapedlikeacellphone.Next,shemadethreeholesofdifferentsizesinthewoodsothattheycouldmatchcommonbottlecapsizes.Eachholealsohadalayerofdried,stickyhotglue,whichprovidedafirmgripforthebottlecaps.Withasimpletwistofthedevice,hergrandmothercouldopenbottleswithouthelp.ACoffeeCupWithASupportive“Thumb”Duetoarthritis,adiseasethatcausespaininoraroundthejoints,Robert'sgrandfatherhadtroubleholdingacoffeecup.Robertsimplifiedarobotic“thirdthumb”devicecreatedbyaLondondesigner.Heusedrubberbandsanda3D-printedplasticformtomaketheextra“thumb“whichcanfirmlysupportthebottomofacup.AReadingToolMichaelnoticedhowdyslexiaacommonreadingdisorder,madeitdifficultforafriendtofollowalongonpagesfulloftext.Itisalanguage-processingcondition.Thebraintendstoconfusetheorderofnumbers,lettersandotherimages.So,Michaelcreatedasmalladjustablewindow-blind-styledevice."MyfriendcouldisolatesmallsectionsoftextwhilereadingJhesaid.Alana'sgrandmothercouldopenbottleseasilyby.stickingbottlecapstothedeviceB?connectingthedevicetoacellphonetwistingthedevicethathasholesinitcuttingholesofdifferentsizesinwoodWhatdidRobertdotohelphisgrandfather?Hereformedaprocesstoformametal"thumb”.B?Hecreatedasimpler"thumb“deviceinthecup.Headdedplasticmaterialstothe"thumb“device.Heusedbandsanda3D-printedformtomakea"thumb”..Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethestudentsinthepassage?A.Independentandpatient. B.Creativeandconsiderate.C.Ambitiousandhardworking. D.Open-mindedandgenerous.Sportshavebeenabigpartofmylife.Iplayedflagfootballinelementaryschoolandmiddleschool.Inhighschool,beforeIgothurt, Iwasontheswimteamandtrack team.Itwasthesummergoingintomy senior yearwhenIwashitbyacar. The doctorinformedmethattherewasnohopeoffullrecovery.Asasixteen-year-oldboy,youhavealotofself-doubtsandaretryingtofindoutwhoyouare.So,youthrowinanaccidentontopofthatanditkindofthrewaloopintothingsforme.Itwasdefinitelyhard,thephysicalpainoftherapy,andlearninghowtolivelife.Andtherewastheemotionalpain,too.Thementalsufferingofbeingparalyzed(癱瘓)ismoreseverethanthephysicalpain.WhenIwasinthehospital,oneoftheguysfromtheUniversityofWisconsin(UW)thatplayedontheWhitewaterwheelchairbasketballteamvisited.Hetoldmeaboutadaptivesports,andIthoughtthatsoundedgood.HegavemyinformationtothelocaljuniorwheelchairbasketballcoachinMilwaukee.IstartedplayingthatOctober.Playingbasketballwasareallygoodthingforme.Itletmeseeabunchofdifferentpeopleinthesamesituationasme.Itwasgoodtohaveagroupoffriendsforsupport.IstudiedatSouthwestMinnesotaStateUniversityforthreeyearsandthentransferredtoUW-Whitewaterformysenioryear.Iwasinvitedin2013totryoutfortheNationalTeamandmadeit.Thatwasalwaysmygoal.Alotofpeoplewouldaskmewhatmybackupplanwas1didn'thaveone,tobehonest.TheParalympicsisthepinnacleofoursports.It'sbeenprettyeasyformetostaymotivated.Wewerethebestteaminthe2016Paralympics.Andthisteamwaswaytoogoodjusttowinonemedal,soIhadtobebackin2020.I'mnotsurerightnowaboutgettingreadyfbrthe2024Paralympics.Theteamisgrowingandgoingthroughsometurnover.Ihonestlydon'tknowwhatmyfutureholds.IjustwanttobearoundthepeoplethatIcareaboutandcareaboutmewhetherthat'sontheNationalTeam,orjustmyfriendsbackhome.Theyaremysecurityblanket,thegoodpeopleinmylife.However,onethingI'msureisthatplayingbasketballisstillnumberone,withafocusontheParalympics.NowIamsignedasaplayerwithateamoverinSpainandI'mexploringwhatthenextchaptersofmylifemightbelike.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A. Beingunabletodosports. B. Beinghitbyacaratsixteen.C. Feelinguncertainabouthimself. D. Sufferingphysicalandmentalpains.Whathelpedtheauthorregainpassionforsportsaftertheaccident?A. Playingwheelchairbasketball. B. TransferringtoUW-Whitewater.C. TryingoutfortheNationalTeam. D. Winningamedalinthe2016Paralympics.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?Heplanstoswitchtoflagfootballinthefuture.HewillgraduatefromUW-Whitewaterin2024.Hewantstoplaybasketballatthe2024Paralympics.HeintendstocoachwheelchairbasketballplayersinSpain.Whafsthepassagemainlyabout?Howplayingbasketballempoweredtheauthor.Howpeoplearoundtheauthorsupportedhim.Howtheauthor'sbackupplanshapedhim.Howtheauthorenjoyedhiscollegelife.Haveyoueverboughtanewcarandstartednoticingtheexactcolorandmodelofcareverywhere?Hasthattypeofcarjustbecomepopularinyourcity?Weretheytherebefore?Orareyoujustgoingcrazy?You'renotgoingcrazy.Thereasonyouarenowjustnoticingthemiswhatpsychologistscall"priming”.Basically,thecarswerealwaysthere.Youjustdidn'trecognizethemconsciously.However,whenthatcertainmodelofcarbecomespartofyourconsciousthinking,youstart“automatically”recognizingalloftheothercarsthatarethesame,becauseyouarcalready“primed“todoso.Theprimingeffecttakesmanyforms.Inonestudy,studentswereaskedtowalkaroundaroomfor5minutesatarateof30stepsperminute,whichwasaboutone-thirdtheirnormalpace.Afterthisbriefexperience,theparticipantsweremuchquickertorecognizewordsrelatedtooldage,suchasforgetful,old,andlonely.Reciprocalprimingeffectstendtoproduceacoherentreaction:ifyouareprimedtothinkofoldage,youwouldtendtoactold,andactingoldwouldreinforcethethoughtofoldage.Thisresearchshowsthatthewaywethinkinfluencesthewayweact,andthewayweactinfluencesthewaywethink.AsimilarconclusionwasreachedbytheAmericanpsychologistWilliamJamesacenturyago,butheemphasizedtheeffectonfeeling."Actionsseemtofollowfeeling,butreallyactionsandfeelinggotogether;andbyregulatingtheaction,whichisunderthemoredirectcontrolofthewill,wecanindirectlyregulatethefeeling,whichisnot.Thusthepathtocheerfulness,shouldourcheerfulnessbelost,istositupcheerfullyandtoactandspeakasifcheerfulnesswerealreadythere.^^So,thafsit.Tfyouwanttobehappy,justsitupandacthappy.Basedonthesescientificfindings,wecanadoptcertainprimingeffectstohelpmakeourselvesconsistentlyhappier.Onethingwehaveincommonisourabilitytothink,andthusfeel.Pleasantthoughtshavebeenproventoproducethechemicalsthatmakeusfeelhappy,particularlythoughtsandfeelingsofgratitude.Whenwepurposefullygothroughandthinkaboutthethingswe9regratefulforanddeliberatelyfeelasmuchgratitudeaswecan,wearefloodingourmindwiththe“happychemicals”.Furthermore,byconsciouslythinking,feelingandexpressinggratitude,wewillnotonlybehappierinthemoment,wewillbe“primed“torecognizethethingsinourlifetoappreciate.Eachtimethishappens,the“happychemicals”willbeproduced.Dothiseverydayandwewillbecomeconsistentlyhappier.Thismakesupforthemomentaryhappinesswegainfromeatingchocolateorbuyingnewclothes.Morethanthat,combiningthoughtsofgratitudewithhappyactslikesmilingandlaughingwillhaveasupplementarypositiveeffectonourstateofmind.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftheprimingeffect?Walkingmuchfasterafterattendingalectureaboutoldage.Donatingmoneytothepoorafterseeingpicturesofcutecats.Learningaboutvarioustypesofcarsafterpurchasingthefirstcar.CompletingSO_PasSOUPratherthanSOAPafterseeingthewordEAT.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reciprocal“inParagraph3probablymean?A.Related.B.Two-way. C.Well-rounded.D.Opposite.Whatwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?Eatingorshoppingleadstoconsistentfeelingsofhappiness.B?Ourwillhasgreatercontroloveremotionsthanoveractions.Happychemicalsmakeusthinkaboutthethingswe'regratefulfbr.Practicinggratitudefrequentlypreparesusforlong-termhappiness.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?PrimeYourselftoBeHappierB,ShareHappinesstoEnhanceWellbeingWhyGratitudeIsImportantinPsychologyHowHappyChemicalsAffectPeople'sThoughts四、七選五WorkingTogethertoSavetheSeaTurtlesFloridahassomeofthebestbeachesintheworld.Thousandsofpeoplevisitthestatetoenjoythesand.Butthesebeachesarealsohometofivespeciesofseaturtles.Amajorproblemisfacingtheseinterestingcreatures.32SohowdoFloridiansprotectthesespecialanimals?SomevolunteersandresearchersinFloridatakedirectactiontohelptheturtles.Theylookcloselyatthesandtofindthefin（鰭）marksthemotherseaturtlesleftthere.33Whenthey'vefiguredoutwheretheeggswerelaid,theymarktheareaoffsothatnoonedisturbstheeggs.Theyalsocollectinformationaboutthenestsandtrackstohelppeoplestudyingseaturtles.ThesearenottheonlyFloridianstakingactiontohelpprotectthesecreatures.Florida'sgovernmenthaspassedlawstosavetheturtles.Oneoftheselawsis“Florida'sMarineTurtleProtectionAct”.Thislawprohibitsanyonefromdisturbingordestroyingmarineturtles,nests,oreggs.34AnotherwayFloridiansworktogethertosavethesecreaturesisthroughorganizationsliketheSeaTurtleConservancy.TheSeaTurtleConservancyhelpspeopletakestepsthatwillhelpreducethethreatsthatputseaturtlesindanger.Forinstance,brightlightsonbuildingsnearthebeachcannegativelyimpactseaturtles.Babyseaturtlesusuallyhatchonthesandybeachandheadtotheocean.Whentherearebrightlightscomingfromtheothersideoftheshorefarfromtheocean,thebabyturtlesgetconfused.35Tohelpsavetheseturtles,TheSeaTurtleConservancyworkswithpropertyownerstomakelightingintheirbuildingsseaturtle-friendly.TheyalsoencourageFloridaresidentstoturnofftheirlightsatnightiftheyliveclosetoabeach.36Sometimes,turtlesmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish.Theyeatthistrashanddie.Floridaresidentscanvolunteerforbeachclean-upsandmakesuretopickuptheirownlitter.Theycanalsovotefbrstateleaderswhowanttoprotecttheseaturtles9habitats.Everyindividualinthecommunityhasthepowertomakeadifference!Manyofthemdonotmakeittotheoceananddie.B,Someoftheseturtlespeciesareindangerofgoingextinct.Thishelpsthemtolocatewheretheseaturtleslaidtheireggs.Italsohelpsmakesurethatseaturtles,naturalhabitatsareprotected.Femaleseaturtlescomefromtheoceanandontothesebeachesatnight.Theyusetheirfinstomovebackacrossthebeachandreturntotheocean.EveryFloridiancandotheirparttoprotectseaturtlesandtheirenvironment.五、閱讀表達(dá)閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Thereisadrivewithinallofustocreateandexpressourselvesthroughart.Thisdrivecomesfromaneedtoachieveabalancewithinourselves.Artreferstothetheoryandphysicalexpressionofcreativityfoundinhumansocieties_andcultures.Itsmajorfieldsincludeliteraryarts,performingarts(e.g.theateranddance)andvisualarts(e.g.drawing,painting,photography,filmandsculpture).Artisessentialtoourculturebecauseitprovidesuswithadeeperunderstandingofemotions.Throughart,welearntofeeljoyintimesofhappinessandweseepainanddespair