塑料模具中英文互譯文獻(xiàn)

塑料模具中英文互譯文獻(xiàn)外文翻譯TreatingandthemodernmouldmakehighspeedOne,summarizesthepresentsituationthatthemouldmakesatpresentandtrendThemouldisimportanthandicraftequipment,occupiesdecisivepositioninindustriddepartmentssuchasconsumergoods,electricalequipmentelectron,automobile,aircraftfabrication.Themouldisimportanthandicraftequipment,occupiesdecisivepositioninindustriddepartmentssuchasconsumergoods,electricalequipmentelectron,automobile,aircraftfabrication.Industrialproductpartroughprocess75%,thefinishmachining50%andplasticpart90%willbecompletedfromthemould.TheChinesemouldmarketdemandalreadyreachesscaleof500hundredmillionyuanatpresent.Theautomobilemould,theannualgrowthratecoveringpieceofmouldespeciallywillexceed20%;Alsopromptbuildingmaterialmoulddevelopment,variousheterotypematerialthemould,wallsurfaceandfloormouldbecomenewmouldgrowthpoint,plasticdoorsandwindowsandplasticdrain-pipeincreasetoexceeding30byintheupcomingseveralyears%;Thehomeappliancemouldannualgrowthratewillexceed10%;TheITindustryyearincreases%speedequallyexceeding20,theneedtothemouldaccountsfor20ofmouldmarketplace%.2004annualChinesemachinetoolsimplementsindustryoutputvaluewillcontinuetoincrease.Ourcountrymouldfabricationmarketpotentialisenormous.Thebasisdatacounts,inrecentyears,ourcountrymouldyeargrossoutputvaluereaches3billionU.S.dollar,entranceexceeds1billionU.S.dollar,exceed100millionU.S.dollaroutlet.Increasebyfrom25%toincreaseto200550%of1995.Theexpertforetellsthatabroad:Asiaportionbeingoccupiedbyinmouldfabricationinthewholeworld,willfrom25%toincreaseto200550%of1995.Chinesemouldindustryhasbeenexpandingbyleapsandbounds,hasformedeastChinaandtwobigSouthChinabases,andhasexpandedgraduallyarrivingatotherprovince.In2002(Shandong,Anhui,Sichuan)in1996~,mouldmanufacturingindustryoutputvalueannualaveragegrowth14%,growsby25%in2003.In2003ourcountrymouldoutputvalueis45billionRMB.Thegrossproductplaceoccupiestheworldthe3rd,exportsamouldincreases33.5%comparedtolastyear336,800,000U.S.dollar.But,contentslowourcountrytechnologymouldsalreadypileupinexcessofrequirement,verymostsupportofaccurate,complicatedtopgrademouldimports.Everyyeartheentrancemouldexceeds1billionU.S.dollar.Exceed100millionU.S.dollaroutlet.Precisemouldaccuracyrequiresthat3mums,large-scalemouldsrequirethat8000satisfiedkNagreewellwithmodelforceinjectionmachinerequestin2~;Theminitypemouldneedstherequestsatisfyingthediameter1mmsilentstocktube.Atpresent,adoptquick-cuttingtoproduceamouldalreadybecomingthegeneraltrendthatthemouldmakes,afewmouldshaveproducedamanufacturerinabroad,high-speedmachinetoollargeareahassubstitutedtheelectricsparkmachinetool,quickcuttinghasimprovedthemouldefficacygreatly.Machinetoolenterpriseaimsatmouldmanufacturingenterprises,sometreatingcentres60%allaboveofthemachinetoolproducingafactorysellstreatingenterprisetoamould.Themouldfabricationenterprisesubstitutingtheelectricsparkfinishmachiningmouldgraduallyinabroadhasadoptquick-cuttingalreadycommonly,quick-cuttinghasproducedamouldalreadybecomingthegeneraltrendthatthemouldmakesgradually,hasimprovedthemouldefficacyandmassgreatly.Adoptquick-cuttingtoreplaceelectricsparkproducingamould,cangetonthestickobviously,improvesmouldaccuracy,lifetimegrowing.highspeedprocessesapplicationinmakinginthemouldquick-cuttingmerit:cutterhighrotationrateandthemachinetoolheightenterbegiventoandhighacceleration,improvemetalexcisionrategreatly;1quick-cuttingdiminutionscutaforce;quick-cuttingheatmajorpartgenerateheatfromthecuttingsentrainment,workpiecebeingshort;quick-cuttingcutdownvibration,improvetreatingmass;highspeedtreatingapplytothebeneficialresultthatthemouldprocessesfleetnessroughprocessandhalffinishmachining,improvetreatingefficiency;highspeedhigh-accuracyfinishmachiningreplaceonlyentiretheheightprocessing,indicatingmass,formaccuracyrise,50%,cutsdownrepairamillbyhandthanEDMprocessesapotentiation;cutsthesurfaceprocessingfinalmoldingstiffly,improvesurfacemass,formaccuracy,thetreating(notonlybeingthatsurfaceharshnessislow,andthesurfaceradianceishigh),beingusedforcomplicatedsurfacehasmoreadvantage;thesurfacelossthatEDMtreatingproduces,improvemouldlifespan20%;processesanelectroderapidlycombiningwiththeCAD/CAMtechnology,especially,theformiscomplicated,thin-wallissimilartoanelectrode.adoptquick-cuttingtoprocessamouldneedingtheproblemsolvingIninthehomeland,sincetheaspectcausesuchasfund,technology,thequick-cuttingapplyingproduceamouldbeintheinitialstagestage.Returnthemachinetool,cutter,handicraftbacktoexistenceaswellassomeproblemofaspectneedstoproceedorderlyothersolve.Theshortcomingisthatfinishedcostishigh,correctcuttersigmatismhavecomparativelyhighdemand,cannothaveusedbigcutters,needtohavethecomplicatedcomputerprogrammingtechnologytobeusedforsupport,equipmentrunningcostheight.Two,thehighspeedprocessingamould'sprocessesamachinetoolMouldfinishmachiningandhardcuttingtreatingrequirethatthenumericalcontrolhigh-speedmachinetool,formboard,modelputuptheprecisionprocessingneed,high-effectnumericalcontrolmachinetooletc.Themouldaimingatproducesalotofmachinetoolenterprise,sometreatingcentres60%allaboveofthemachinetoolproducingafactorysellsenterprisetoamould.Thefixedassetshaving5billionyuanwithoutexceptionintheupcomingseveralyearsthrowsintomouldindustry,80%isthemachinetoolbuyingamouldprocessequipment,justsayingeveryyearhaving4billionyuanofRMBtobuyJinqieamongthem.Atpresentaverageourcountrynumericalcontrolmachinetoolutilizationratioapproximately20%,thehigh-speedmachinetoolutilizationratio3~5%.Also,mouldenterprisehastheunitsuitabletobuyahigh-speedmachinetool,complieswith6000~40000rmp'stohave.high-speedmachinetooltechnologyparameterdemandsProcesscentrechiefaxishigh-power,highrotationrate,satisfiedrudefinishmachining;Thefinishmachiningmouldwantstoneedtoreach15000~20000rmplikethecutter,themachinetoolwithminordiameter.Generally,thechiefaxisrotationratemachinetoolunder10000rpmcancarryoutroughprocessandhalffinishmachining,cannotreachthefinishmachiningaccuracy;Havenowaytoreach400theabovem/mincuttingspeed.fivescrollsofmachinetoolsapplicationincreasesatrendtreatingrouteisnimble,thesurfaceformiscomplicated;treatingrangeisbig,thevarioustypemouldsuitableprocesses;cutslife-spanofconditioneasytocutdowncutterwear,toraiseacutter,;thesoftwaresbuyingCAD/CAMandhigh-speedmachinetoolsassortOnthegroundsofthemachinetool,majorpartcounting,havingseveralbillionsU.S.dollartobeusedtoenterporteveryyear,theelectromachiningmachinetoolandthehigh-speedmachinetoolneedtoimport.Three,quick-cuttingmouldcuttertechnology2Quick-cuttingprocessesthecutterneedingallocatingproperquickcutting.Progressingprocessingcuttermaterial'sinhighspeedhasurgeddevelopmentofhighspeedtreating.Thecutter,knifeedgeheadquarterandhightenacitybasegatheringcrystalstrengtheningtheceramicscutterbeingabletobeusedgivingconsiderationtohighhardnessexperienceandobservecarbidealloycoatingbecomingpossibility.Gatherthecrystalcubenitridingboron(PCBN)bit,whosehardnessmayamountto3500~4500HV.Gathercrystalmiamond(PCD)it'shardnessbutamountto6000~10000HV.GermanySCS,JapanMitsubishi(magicalsteel)andSumitomo,SwitzerlandShanteweike,USAKennaareinrecentyearsswiftlylargewaitforthefamousabroadcuttercompanytosuccessivelyhavedebutedtherespectivequick-cuttingcutter,notonlycutterhavingaveragestructuralsteelofquick-cutting,theceramicscutterstillhavingdirectquick-cuttingofenergyquenchinghardsteeliswaitingforaneffecttosurpassthehardcutter,especiallythecoatingcutterappearsallofasudden,bringingintoplayinquenchinghalffinishmachiningandfinishmachiningofhardsteel.Newcuttermaterialandcuttertechnologyappearingalreadymakethebottleneckproblemthathighspeedhasprocessednolongerbeabletoappearonthecutter.But,expensiveentrancecutterpricealsoblocksquick-cuttingmouldkeyfactor.Abovetocometosayingthecutterandthecutterholderaccelerationreach3gsthesort,thecuttercircularrunoutneedstobesmallerthan0.015mm,buttheknifelengthisunablegreaterthan4timescuttersdiameter.TherealityaccordingtoSANDVIKcompanyhascounted,thecarbidealloyhasstoodonintheentiretyusingcarbonnitridingtitanium(TICN)coatingwhenmillingcutters(58HRC)carryouthighspeedbrightmetalchopping,roughprocesscutterlinearspeedhasbeen100m/minabout,whoselinearspeedhasexceededbut280m/minwhenfinishmachiningandmicrostoning.Suchdemandstocuttermaterial(includethehardness,tenacity,redhardnesskeeptheform(includerowofcrumbsfunction,surfaceaccuracy,dynamicbalancesexetc.(cuttingthefunction),thecutterunderhightemperaturestate))aswellascutterlife-spanallhasveryhighly.Experienceaccordingtointhehomelandmouldhighspeedfinishmachining,linearspeedhasexceeded400~800m/minwhenadopttheyoungdiameterballheadmillingcuttertocarryoutmouldfinishmachining.Themachinetoolchoosingsufficienthigh-speed'scutsmouldfinishmachiningstiffly.Delcamadopt0.8mmdiametercuttertoprocessthenarrowslot,rotationrate40000rpm,0.1mmdepth,feedspeed30m/min.choosesthecutterparameter,thecutterwaitsifshoulderingananteriorangle.Thecutterrequiresthattheabilityprocessingrequestshockresistancetenacitymorehighly,requiringthatheatresistancepoundsthanaverageisstrong;adoptsvariousmethodimprovingcutterlife-span,reducescuttercost.adoptthehighspeedhilt,HSKhilt,heatpressingapplyingthemostbeingatpresenttopretendtogripautter.Payattentiontoacutterpretendtogripoverallinthedayafertomorrowdynamicbalance;4currentcutterenterprisehasalreadydonemanyjobsinthefieldofthetechnologyresolvingthequick-cuttingcutter,servingfacingthecutterprocessingmayhelptosolvemuchproblem,thecutterhasproducedamanufacturerbecomingthemainbody,thereferencecutterhasproducedthetechnologyparameterthatthemanufacturerprovides.Four,improvequick-cuttingmouldefficiencytechnologycutterdiameterandthelengthchoiceHSMandtheEDMchoicedoescuttingandthelubricatingcoolingfeedschoice:Moveforwardgenerallygivingamounts<millingcutterdiameters10%,moveforwardgivingawidth<millingcutterdiameter40%.Accordingtomaterial,conditionchoosestheparameterprocessinghandicraftrationallyHighspeedbrightmetalcutsthemassprocessingpartmaterialabroadfairlygood,materialqualitylevelis3identical,thetreatingfunctioncomparisonisstable;But,thecutterthatthecompanyproducesabroadisalsothatthestandardmakesanexperimentwiththeirmaterial;Thetreatingbeingrecommendedbyissuitabletotheirstandardcomparativelyliketheparameter,materialqualityhasthecertaindifferencewithdomesticpart,thisdifferenceshowscomparativelyobviously,someparameterscanapplydirectly,butsomeeffectdispatchesrightawaycomparativelyduringtheperiodofhighspeedbrightmetalchopsifusingtheircutter.Butselectandusepartmaterialqualityinthehomelandlikeenterprisehavingthecertainstandard,whatbeputintousepartmaterial,canusethepartmaterialqualitythathighspeedprocessesespecially,thegeneralmeetingislimitedinsomepartmaterialrangeinner,thatthisappliesthehighspeedprocessingtechnologytoushasalsoprovidedadvantageouscondition,hasbeenabletoapplytolesstreatingmaterialwithinrange.Beingneedingtoemphasizethathere,mustchoosethetreatingtechnologicalparameteroptimizingoutasetofcapitalsuitableenterpriseonthesematerial,isbroughtintocompanystandardand.Thetechnologyselectingandusingthedomesticcutter,seldomhavingthebrightmetalrecommendinghighspeedtochopparametric,isnecessarymakinganexperiment,getthecomparativelysatisfiedparameter,produceamanufacturerhadbettertoselectandusethefixedcutter,cutdownthenumberoftimestestingthat,thestandardformingaprocessingtechnology,suchcanimproveeffectiveutilizationratioofequipment,lowersproductioncosts,cangetthefairlygoodeconomiceffect.Five,quick-cuttingrouteprocessingacutterandprogrammingflatsurfacefeedstheroutechoice2)outlinesprocesstheroutechoiceKeepcuttingloadingstablekeepsrelativelystablemovingforwardgivingamountsandfeedspeedkeepsthegardencornerinflatsurfacecuttingchoosesthefinishmachiningmarginrationallyProgrammingdemandofHSCfinishmachiningtoCAM:thebrightmetalavoidingacornertothefullcutsmotion;triesone'sbesttoavoidexternalfeedofworkpieceandenternextdepthreturnknifemotion,directfromtheoutline.Oradoptahelicallineorbeingsureenterslantingtomovingforward;constanteachedgefeed,improvethequality,prolongscutterlife-span;outlinetreatingarekeptwaitinginlevelsurface.Quick-cuttingCAMsoftware:Severalyearsagowillhavestartedquick-cuttingprocessingprogrammingtechnologyresearch,theDelcamcompany,hasdevelopedthequick-cuttingautomationprogrammingsoftwaremodule;Lately,theMasterCAMcompanyhasalsodevelopedthequick-cuttingautomationprogrammingsoftwaremodule;Youalsoareininthehomelandnorthnavigationdevelopingthequick-cuttingautomationprogrammingsoftwaremodule;Six,high-speedmachinetoolnumericalcontrolsystemcharacteristichighspeeddataisprocessedcornerforecastsarehandledNURBSarenotjustifiedappearancestriprunincurvetreatingSeven,safequick-cuttingmouldproblemMonitoringwearingacutterawayanddestroying;Intensitythatthebitlinks;Strictwiththemachinetoolandthecutterexaminationisveryimportantandbeforetheaveragemachinetoolprocessingdiversity,safetyprotectsandstartsup.Eight,thereexistsprobleminourcountryatpresentinadopthighspeedtoprocessthemouldtechnology1machinetool:41)domestichigh-speedmachinetooloverallfunctionstillhasthegap,thefunctioncomponentfunctiontobeabletonotsatisfyarequest.Powerandrotationrateincludingtheelectricitychiefaxis,entrancemachinetoolpriceishigh;2)Underthemachinetoolhighspeed,thedynamicbehaviourstudiesthefunctionbeingnotenoughtoaffectacompletemachineasaresult,;3)Thefivescrollofmachinetoolisnotenoughmature,entrancemachinetoolpriceisveryhigh;4)supportingtechnologyandequipmentarefairlyincomplete2cutters:domesticcutterisnotabletoadapttothequick-cuttingapplication,highspeedcutsonlyentiretreatingespeciallystiffly.Entrancecutterpriceishigh.Thecuttertechnologyistoaffectquickcuttingprocessingakeyfactorofmould.supportingtechnologiesarenotenoughtoincludehilt,onlinedynamicbalanceincompletesetetc..highspeedmouldsprocessthetechnologyandtheexperiment1)Beshortoftheaccumulationapplyingexperiencesincehighspeedprocessesthemouldhistorycomparativelyshortly,;2)Thecomparisonstudyingcomparisonstopsthrowingintolack,setsupaprojecttoquick-cuttinghandicraftisdifficult;)Beshortofthequick-cuttingdatabaseorthehandbook,isstillblankspaceatpresent;)mouldsproducethemanufacturercognitionlacktoquick-cutting,theanalysiscontrastbeingshortoflongrangebeneficialresult;Beshortofthequick-cuttingautomationprogrammingsoftware;Beshortofafivescrollofgearquick-cuttingautomationprogrammingCAMsoftware.ConcludingremarkThemouldmarketplacehastheintenseneed,buttechnologytobeunabletokeepabreastwithtohighspeedtreating.Startingislate,thebasisisrelativelypoor,overallengineeringlevelnotbeingtallerthan,developsslowlyRequirethatonebyone,aspectcoordinatedgrowth,theproductmimicinkstonethrowingintocombiningwithenlarging,eachcomprehensiveutilizationaspectstrengthsdrivequick-cuttingapplicationinmakinginthemould..Ourhope,effortpassingeveryaspect,beforethemarketdemandpushgodown,passtechnologicalprogress,looklikeautomobile,machinetool,homeappliance,beforelong,notonlyourcountrybeinggoingtobecomeamouldproducingGreatPower,andbegoingtobecomeamouldproducingthepowerfulcountry.ReferencesJinDiecheng,SongFangzhi.Themodernmouldmakesthetechnology,Beijing:Mechanicalindustrypress,2001.XuHefeng,Thedigitizationmouldmakesthetechnology,Beijing:Chemicalindustrypress,2001.3,ZhaoBo,Highspeedprocessestheforwardpositiontechnologythatthemouldprocesses.Mouldtechnology,2000,(2)4,ZhangHaiou,Thefleetnessmouldmakesthetechnologycurrentsituationandtheirdevelopingtrend.Mouldtechnology,2000,(6)5,GuoDongming,WangXiaoming,Begearedtotheneedsoftheparticularkindprocessingtechnologythatthefleetnesscreates.Chinesemechanicalengineering,2000,(11)5高速加工和現(xiàn)代模具制造一、概述1(目前模具制造的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和趨勢(shì)模具作為重要的工藝裝備，在消費(fèi)品、電器電子、汽車、飛機(jī)制造等工業(yè)部門中，占有舉足輕重的地位。工業(yè)產(chǎn)品零件粗加工的75%，精加工的50%及塑料零件的90%將由模具完成。目前中國(guó)模具市場(chǎng)需求已達(dá)500億元之規(guī)模。汽車模具、特別是覆蓋件模具年增長(zhǎng)速度將超過20%;建材模具也迅速發(fā)展，各種異型材模具、墻面和地面模具成為模具的新增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)，今后幾年塑料門窗和塑料排水管增長(zhǎng)將超過30%;家電模具年增長(zhǎng)速度將超過10%;IT業(yè)年均增長(zhǎng)速度超過20%，對(duì)模具的需求占模具市場(chǎng)的20%。2004年中國(guó)機(jī)床工具工業(yè)產(chǎn)值將繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。我國(guó)模具制造市場(chǎng)潛力巨大。根據(jù)資料統(tǒng)計(jì)，近年來，我國(guó)模具的年總產(chǎn)值達(dá)到30億美元，進(jìn)口超過10億美元，出口超過1億美元。增長(zhǎng)從1995年的25%增加到2005年的50%。國(guó)外專家預(yù)言:亞洲在全球模具制造中占據(jù)的份額，將從1995年的25%增加至2005年的50%。中國(guó)模具工業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，形成了華東和華南兩大基地，并且逐漸擴(kuò)大到其他省份。（山東,安徽,四川）1996年,2002年，模具制造業(yè)產(chǎn)值年平均增長(zhǎng)14%，2003年增長(zhǎng)25%。2003年我國(guó)模具產(chǎn)值為450億人民幣。總產(chǎn)量位居世界第3，出口模具3.368億美元，比上年增長(zhǎng)33.5%。但是，我國(guó)技術(shù)含量低的模具已供過于求，精密、復(fù)雜的高檔模具很大部分依靠進(jìn)口。每年進(jìn)口模具超過10億美元。出口超過1億美元精密模具精度要求在2,3口m,大型模具需要滿足8000kN合模力注塑機(jī)的要求;小型模具需滿足直徑1mm塑料管的要求。目前，采用高速切削生產(chǎn)模具已經(jīng)成為模具制造的大趨勢(shì)，在國(guó)外一些模具生產(chǎn)廠家，高速機(jī)床大面積取代電火花機(jī)床，高速切削大大提高了模具生產(chǎn)效率。機(jī)床企業(yè)瞄準(zhǔn)模具生產(chǎn)企業(yè)，有的加工中心生產(chǎn)廠機(jī)床的60%以上賣給模具加工企業(yè)。高速切削逐漸取代電火花精加工模具在國(guó)外的模具制造企業(yè)已經(jīng)普遍采用，高速切削生產(chǎn)模具已經(jīng)成為逐漸模具制造的大趨勢(shì)，大大提高了模具生產(chǎn)效率和質(zhì)量。采用高速切削替代電火花生產(chǎn)模具，可以明顯提高效率、提高模具精度、使用壽命長(zhǎng)。2（高速加工在模具制造中的應(yīng)用2（1高速切削的優(yōu)點(diǎn):刀具的高轉(zhuǎn)速和機(jī)床的高進(jìn)給以及高加速度，大大提高金屬切除率;高速切削減小切削力;高速切削熱大部分由切屑帶走，工件發(fā)熱少;高速切削減少振動(dòng)，提高加工質(zhì)量;2（2高速加工應(yīng)用于模具加工的效益快速粗加工和半精加工，提高加工效率;高速高精度精加工硬切削代替光整加工，表明質(zhì)量高，形狀精度提高，比EDM加工提高效率50%,減少手工修磨；硬切削加工最后成型表面，提高表面質(zhì)量、形狀精度，（不僅是表面粗糙度低，而且表面光亮度高），用于復(fù)雜表面的加工更具優(yōu)勢(shì);4）避免EDM加工產(chǎn)生的表面損傷，提高模具壽命20%;5）結(jié)合CAD/CAM技術(shù)快速加工電極，特別是形狀復(fù)雜、薄壁類電極。3（采用高速切削加工模具需要解決的問題在國(guó)內(nèi)，由于資金、技術(shù)等方面的原因，應(yīng)用高速切削生產(chǎn)模具還處于初期階段。還存在機(jī)床、刀具、工藝以及其他方面的一些問題需要逐步解決。缺點(diǎn)是加工成本高，對(duì)刀具的使用有較高的要求，不能使用過大的刀具，要有復(fù)雜的計(jì)算機(jī)編程技術(shù)做支持，設(shè)備運(yùn)行成本高。二、加工模具的高速加工機(jī)床模具精加工和硬切削加工需要數(shù)控高速機(jī)床,模板、模架加工需要精密、高效數(shù)控機(jī)床等。許多機(jī)床企業(yè)瞄準(zhǔn)模具生產(chǎn)，有的加工中心生產(chǎn)廠機(jī)床的60%以上賣給模具企業(yè)。模具行業(yè)今后幾年年均有50億元的6固定資產(chǎn)投入，其中80%是購(gòu)買模具加工設(shè)備，也就是說每年有40億元人民幣要購(gòu)買金切機(jī)床。目前我國(guó)數(shù)控機(jī)床的平均利用率大約20%，高速機(jī)床的利用率3,5%。模具企業(yè)也有相當(dāng)?shù)膯挝毁?gòu)買高速機(jī)床，從6000,40000rmp的都有。1（高速機(jī)床的技術(shù)參數(shù)要求加工中心主軸大功率、高轉(zhuǎn)速，滿足粗精加工;精加工模具要用小直徑刀具，機(jī)床一般要達(dá)到15000,20000rmp。通常主軸轉(zhuǎn)速在10000rpm以下的機(jī)床可以進(jìn)行粗加工和半精加工，達(dá)不到精加工的精度;無法達(dá)到400m/min以上的切削速度。2(五軸機(jī)床的應(yīng)用增加趨勢(shì)1)加工路線靈活，表面形狀復(fù)雜;2)加工范圍大，適合多種類型模具加工;3)切削條件好，減少刀具磨損，提高刀具壽命;3(購(gòu)買CAD/CAM軟件和高速機(jī)床配套據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，每年有幾十億美元用于進(jìn)口機(jī)床，大部分電加工機(jī)床和高速機(jī)床需要進(jìn)口。三、高速切削模具的刀具技術(shù)高速切削加工還需配備適宜高速切削的刀具。高速加工刀具材料的進(jìn)展促使了高速加工的發(fā)展。硬質(zhì)合金涂層刀具、聚晶增強(qiáng)陶瓷刀具使得兼顧高硬度的刀刃部和高韌性的基體成為可能。聚晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)刀片,其硬度可達(dá)3500,4500HV。聚晶金剛石(PCD)其硬度可達(dá)6000,10000HV。近年來德國(guó)SCS、日本三菱(神鋼)及住友、瑞士山特維克、美國(guó)肯納飛碩等國(guó)外著名刀具公司都先后推出了各自的高速切削刀具，不僅有高速切削普通結(jié)構(gòu)鋼的刀具,還有能直接高速切削淬硬鋼的陶瓷刀具等超硬刀具,尤其是涂層刀具異軍突起,在淬硬鋼的半精加工和精加工中發(fā)揮著巨大作用。新刀具材料和刀具技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)已經(jīng)使高速