湖南省長沙市XX中學(xué)2021屆高三期中考試英語試題(解析版)

炎德·英才大聯(lián)考雅禮中學(xué)2021屆高三月考試卷(三)英語時(shí)量：120分鐘總分：150分第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASWITZERLANDTRIPPLANNINGBestTimetoGoLikeanyothercountry,youcanvisitSwitzerlandatanytimeoftheyearandhaveafantastictime.However,there’salwaysa‘best’timeforwhatyouwanttodotheresoitisalwaysworthcheckingtheseasons.Italldependsonwhatyourplannedactivitiesare.Ifyouareintendingtoskiandsnowboard,besttogowhenthesnowisatitspeaktime.ActivityinSwitzerlandcanbebrokendownintothreetouristseasons:LowSeason(Oct.—Mar.),MidSeason!Apr.—Jun.&Sep.)andHighSeason(Jul.,Aug.&Dec.—Apr./Inthisseason,everythingisopenandbusy,andwatchyourbudget).RoughBudgetSwitzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.You’llfindthatfoodisquiteexpensiveaswellasaccommodation.However,theentireexperienceis100%worthit.Here’saroughcostofbasiccommodities.AccommodationBudget:$30—60dorms/$80—120budgethotelsMid-range:$150—200Splurge:$250—350+Food(TypicalMealForOne)Self-cateringlunch;$10—25Restaurant:$20lunch/$40dinnerVerynicerestaurant:$60+TransportCityBuses:$2.50—5IntercityTrains:$25—50ExcitingThingstoDoinSwitzerlandWithsomuchtoseeanddoinSwitzerland,planningatripcanbetough.HerearethethingsthatwehighlyrecommenddoinginInterlakenasitistheadventurecapitalofSwitzerland!Whetheryoulikeskydiving,paragliding,orgoingonajetboat,Interlakenofferseverythingandmoreforalladventure-seekersandanyonewholovestheoutdoors.SkydivinginSwitzerlandisaBUCKETLISTcometrueforanyadventure-seeker.Itisabsolutelyincredibleandissomethingwehighlyrecommend.SocheckoutourfullarticleonthingstodoinInterlakenforsomeideasandseealltheadventurousactivitiesavailableintheareathisyear!1.Whichcancontributetoyourbudgetof$70—100perdaywhentravelinginSwitzerland?A.Choosinghotelsforaccommodation. B.Cookingmealsasmuchasyoucan.C.Adoptinglocalmeansoftransport. D.Attemptingtotravelinpeakseasons.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.YoucanenjoyyourselftothefullestwhengoingskiinganytimeinSwitzerland.B.Interlakenalsoofferswateractivitiesbesidesadventureactivitieslikeskydiving.C.BothaccommodationandhikinginthemountainareexpensiveinSwitzerland.D.PlanningatripinInterlakencanbetoughbecausetheactivitiesaredangerous.3.Whereisthisarticlemostprobablyfrom?A.AgeographybookaboutSwitzerland. B.AnEnglishtextbook.C.AcompositiononSwitzerland. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了去瑞士旅游的攻略，包括時(shí)間段、住宿、餐飲和游玩項(xiàng)目。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的“budgetof$70—100perday（每天大約70到100美元的預(yù)算）”定位到“Switzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.（瑞士是一個(gè)旅游昂貴的國家，但如果你住在青年旅社，自己做飯，并且只在必要時(shí)使用當(dāng)?shù)亟煌üぞ撸憧赡苊刻旎ㄙM(fèi)大約70到100美元。）”可知，若想要在瑞士旅游一天花費(fèi)為70到100美元，需要住青年旅社、自己做飯、只在必要時(shí)乘坐當(dāng)?shù)亟煌üぞ?，故B項(xiàng)“自己多做飯”符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。用排除法，根據(jù)BestTimeto部分的Go“Ifyouareintendingtoskiandsnowboard,besttogowhenthesnowisatitspeaktime.（如果你打算滑雪和單板滑雪，最好在雪的高峰時(shí)間去。）”可知，在瑞士滑雪需要選擇一個(gè)適合滑雪的時(shí)間，故排除A項(xiàng)；根據(jù)ExcitingThingstoDoinSwitzerland部分的“Whetheryoulikeskydiving,paragliding,orgoingonajetboat,Interlakenofferseverythingandmoreforalladventure-seekersandanyonewholovestheoutdoors.（無論你喜歡跳傘、滑翔傘還是乘坐噴氣式飛機(jī)，因特拉肯都為所有的冒險(xiǎn)者和熱愛戶外的人提供了一切。）”可知，因特拉肯都提供的均為冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)，故排除B項(xiàng)；根據(jù)ExcitingThingstoDoinSwitzerland部分的“WithsomuchtoseeanddoinSwitzerland,planningatripcanbetough.（在瑞士有這么多要看的和要做的事情，計(jì)劃一次旅行可能會(huì)很困難。）”可知，是在計(jì)劃瑞士的旅行困難，而不是計(jì)劃去因特拉肯旅行，更不是因?yàn)樗幕顒?dòng)危險(xiǎn)，因特拉肯反而是作者強(qiáng)烈推薦去的地方，故排除D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)RoughBudget部分的“Switzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.（瑞士是一個(gè)旅游昂貴的國家，但如果你住在青年旅社，自己做飯，并且只在必要時(shí)使用當(dāng)?shù)亟煌üぞ撸憧赡苊刻旎ㄙM(fèi)大約70到100美元。）”可知，在瑞士旅游的花費(fèi)是很昂貴，由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的標(biāo)題“SWITZERLANDTRIPPLANNING（瑞士的旅行計(jì)劃）”可知，文章的內(nèi)容主要是與瑞士旅游計(jì)劃有關(guān)，故推測此文章可能來自于旅游指南。故選D項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】做細(xì)節(jié)理解題的一個(gè)技巧是要抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，通過關(guān)鍵詞去定位該小題所對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，然后仔細(xì)分析文章內(nèi)容所表達(dá)的意思，從而在選出最符合題意的選項(xiàng)，如第1小題，由“budgetof$70—100perday（每天大約70到100美元的預(yù)算）”定位到“Switzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.（瑞士是一個(gè)旅游昂貴的國家，但如果你住在青年旅社，自己做飯，并且只在必要時(shí)使用當(dāng)?shù)亟煌üぞ撸憧赡苊刻旎ㄙM(fèi)大約70到100美元。）”這句話，若想要在瑞士旅游一天花費(fèi)為70到100美元，需要住青年旅社、自己做飯、只在必要時(shí)乘坐當(dāng)?shù)亟煌üぞ撸蔅項(xiàng)自己多做飯符合題意。BAuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn’treallymyaunt,andoutoffear,Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(輕笑)andmymotherlooksternly(嚴(yán)厲地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful,andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.Ienjoyedbothreactions,soIlookedforeveryopportunitytoworkforthenameintoconversation.Asayoungwoman,mymotherhadworkedinthekitchenofalargeVictorianfarmhouseownedbyFannieCratty.FanniewasthelastoftheCrattyline;shehadnevermarried,andhadnolivingheirs(繼承人).Myfatheroncetoldmethatitwasbecauseshewastoomeantoshareherfamilywealthorpassiton.AuntFanniewasnotedforherjam,andforneversharingtherecipewithanotherlivingsoul.Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart,aslongasAuntFanniewasalive,shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.Oneyear,afterIhadbeenparticularlyhelpfulwiththejam-makingprocess.AuntFanniegavemeaquarterandthenmademepromiseIwouldneverspendit.“Holdontothisquarter,”shesaid,“andsomedayyouwillberich.Istillhavemyfirstveryquarter.”Ithadobviouslyworkedforher,soIputthat1938quarterinasmallbox,putitinmydresserdrawer,andwaitedtobecomerich.Inowhavetheblueberry-jamrecipeandthequarterfromAuntFannie.Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth,butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile,butitisyourrelationships,andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily,thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.4.Wheredidthe“fear”mentionedinthefirstparagraphcomefrom?A.Thatyear’sblueberryharvesthadbeenpoor.B.AuntFanniewastoooldtokeepmakingjam.C.Theauthor’smothercouldn’thelpAuntFannieharvesttheblueberries.D.TheauthorknewitwasimpolitetocallAuntFannieBlueberryJamWoman.5.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat________.A.AuntFanniehadnochildren B.AuntFanniewaswillingtoshareherrecipeC.theauthoroftenhelpedAuntFanniemakejam D.theauthor’smotheralwaysmadethejamalone6.Whatdidtheauthor’smotherfeeltowardsAuntFannie?A.Disgusted. B.Surprised. C.Affectionate. D.Disappointed.7.Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?A.Tomakenewfriendseasily. B.Nottoputapriceongenerosity.C.Nottothinkofkindnessasaburden. D.Totreasurethetimespentwithfamilyandfriends.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述Fannie姨媽和她的藍(lán)莓醬配方，向我們說明金錢只可以暫時(shí)讓人感覺富有，唯有和他人的關(guān)系以及和朋友、家人們一起度過的美好時(shí)光才會(huì)讓我們變得真正富有。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“AuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn’treallymyaunt,andoutoffear,Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(輕笑)andmymotherlooksternly(嚴(yán)厲地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful,andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.”可知Fannie姨媽是“藍(lán)莓果醬女士”。當(dāng)然，她并不真是我的姨媽，出于恐懼，我從來沒有當(dāng)著她的面這么叫過。這個(gè)名字總是讓父親咯咯地笑，母親則嚴(yán)厲地看著我們倆——看著我，是因?yàn)槲也蛔鹬貏e人；看著父親，是因?yàn)樗v容我的壞行為。由此可推知，第一段提到作者出于“恐懼”，是因?yàn)樽髡咧婪Q呼Fannie阿姨“藍(lán)莓果醬女士”是不禮貌的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“shehadnevermarried,andhadnolivingheirs(繼承人).”可知她從未結(jié)過婚，也沒有繼承人。由此可知，F(xiàn)annie姨媽沒有孩子。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(輕笑)andmymotherlooksternly(嚴(yán)厲地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful,andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.(這個(gè)名字總是讓父親咯咯地笑，母親則嚴(yán)厲地看著我們倆——看著我，是因?yàn)槲也蛔鹬貏e人；看著父親，是因?yàn)樗v容我壞行為)”以及第二段中“Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart,aslongasAuntFanniewasalive,shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.(盡管我母親早已熟記于心，但只要Fannie姨媽還活著，沒有Cratty小姐在我們廚房指導(dǎo)制作過程，她從來不會(huì)做這種果醬，并且保守秘密)”由此可推知，作者的媽媽不允許丈夫和作者不禮貌地稱呼Fannie姨媽“藍(lán)莓果醬女士”，以及雖然已經(jīng)知道果醬的做法，還是要在Fannie姨媽在場的時(shí)候才制作這種果醬，可推知作者的母親對Fannie姨媽很有感情。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth,butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile,butitisyourrelationships,andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily,thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.”可知，它們都沒有給我?guī)碡?cái)富，但我保留它們是為了提醒自己要珍惜生活中有價(jià)值的東西。金錢能讓你暫時(shí)感到富有，但真正讓你富有的是你的人際關(guān)系，以及你與朋友和家人共度的時(shí)光的記憶。這是任何人都可以創(chuàng)造的財(cái)富。由此可推知，作者想告訴我們要珍惜與家人和朋友在一起的時(shí)間。故選D。CLizard(蜥蜴)speciesmayalreadyhavedeclinedpastthepointofnoreturnintheworld.Whatisthereason?Risingtemperatures.Researchersestimatethatasmuchas40percentoflizardspeciesworldwidewilldieoutby2080.Theproblemisthattemperaturesinmanyregionswherelizardslivehavechangedtoofastfortheanimalstokeeppace.BarrySinervofromtheDepartmentofEcologyandEvolutionaryBiologyattheUniversityofCaliforniainSantaCruz,alongwithcolleaguesfromacrosstheglobe,reachedthatconclusionbytakingcurrentdataonMexicanlizards.Theyalsoestimatedthat4percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwide.Thatnumbercouldjumpto20percentby2080ifcarbondioxidelevelsaren’tloweredtoreducewarming.Theteamlooked48speciesofSceloporuslizardat200sitesaroundMexico.Thesiteswerefirstsampledfrom1975to1995.By2010,researchcouldnotfindlizardsat12percentofthosesites.Lizardsthatbearliveyoungareespeciallyatriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothatlayeggs.“Live-bearershavelowerbodytemperaturesthatheightentheriskofdying,”Sinervosaidinastatement.Wearewatchingthesespeciesdisappearbeforeoureyes.”Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,thereisstillalotofuncertaintyabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.ManyMexicanlizardspeciesliveinhighaltitude“islands”,whereclimatechangehappensthefastest.Thelizardscannotadjustfastenoughtosurvive.Thescientistssaytheydonotthinktheanimalsarelikelytosavethemselvesjustbymovingsomewhereelseeither.“HowquicklycanEarth’slizardsadapttotherisingglobaltemperatures?That’stheimportantquestion,”Sinervosaidinapressrelease."Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan’tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.”8.Whichofthefollowinglizardsfaceahigherriskofdyingout?A.Lizardsatlowaltitudes. B.Lizardsthatbeartheiryoung.C.Lizardsthatlayeggs. D.Lizardsinastableenvironment.9.AccordingtoBarrySinervoandhiscolleagues,________.A.theirconclusionisbasedoncurrentdataonvariouskindsoflizardsB.20percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwideC.theyareuncertainabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspeciesD.theyareseeinghighlandspeciesmovingdownward10.Theuplandlizardsareaffectedgreatlybytheclimatechangebecauseof________.A.theirlivinghabitats’destruction B.theirlivingskillsC.highlandspeciesmovingdownward D.theiradaptivecapacity11.Thepurposeofthispassageisto________.A.provethatearthisnotsuitableforlizardsB.warnthatlizardsmaydieoutquicklyduetotheclimatechangeC.explainwhynomorelizardswillbefoundby2080D.emphasizethatthehabitatoflizardsischanginggreatly【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由于氣溫的上升，蜥蜴物種的數(shù)量可能已經(jīng)下降到了不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的地步?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Lizardsthatbearliveyoungareespeciallyatriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothatlayeggs.(研究人員指出，與產(chǎn)卵的蜥蜴相比，生育幼崽的蜥蜴尤其面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。)”可知，生育幼崽的蜥蜴面臨更大的滅絕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,thereisstillalotofuncertaintyabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.(研究人員說，盡管目前的證據(jù)表明氣候變化正在影響許多物種的棲息地范圍，但氣候變化將在多大程度上影響物種仍有很多不確定性。)”可知，BarrySinervo和他的同事們不確定氣候變化會(huì)在多大程度上影響物種。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan’tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.(事實(shí)上，我們看到低地物種正向高處遷移，慢慢地將高地物種趕出它們的棲息地。如果高原物種進(jìn)化速度不夠快，它們就會(huì)滅絕。)”可推斷，氣候變化對山地蜥蜴的影響很大是因?yàn)樯瞽h(huán)境的破壞。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了由于氣溫的上升，蜥蜴物種的數(shù)量可能已經(jīng)下降到了不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的地步。從而可以推斷出，此文的目的是警告人們由于氣候變化，蜥蜴可能會(huì)很快滅絕。故選B。DWearealwaysbeingtoldbythedepartmentofHealthtoeatfiveportionsoffruitandvegetablesaday.Butit’snotclearwheretheevidenceforthiscomesfrom,andalargestudybytheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationIntoCancerandNutrition(EPIC)twoyearsagoofthedietaryintakeofmorethan400,000peoplefoundonlyaweaklinkbetweeneatingfruitandvegetablesandareductioninoverallcancerrisk.Thereisnoevidenceitreducesbreastcancer.Evenso,howcouldanyoneargueagainsteatingmorefruitandvegetables?Well,itdependsonwhatfruityouareeating.AreviewarticleintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalwarnsthatachemicalingrapefruitcaninteractlethallywithcertainmedicines.Evenapplejuice,thestapleofmanybreakfasttables,maypreventourabsorptionofsomedrugs.Parentsalsooftenthinkfruitjuiceisahealthyalternativetofizzydrinks,butjuicescontainsugarandcaloriestoo—asmuchasaglassofCoke—soshouldbedrunkinmoderation.Grapefruithasalsobeenlinkedtoanincreaseinbreastcancer.AstudyintheBritishJournalofCancer(BJC)of500,000womenfoundthateatingaquarterofthefruitadayincreasedtheriskby30%.Thesolution?Thereisonegoodreasonfornoteatinggrapefruit—ittastessour.Butitisunlikelytoincreaseyourriskofgettingbreastcancer;furtherresearchbytheBJCshowednoincreaseinratesofbreastcancerforwomenwhotuckintograpefruitordrinkjuice.Grapefruitcontainsatypeofchemicalcalledfuranocoumarin,whichpreventsthebreakdownofsomeprescriptiondrugs.Asaresultconcentrationofthesedrugsrise,andcanhaveseriousside-effects,includingkidneydamage,heartblockage,anddeep-veinthrombosis.Patientinformationleafletsshouldtellyouwhatfoodstoavoidwithwhichdrugs.Ifindoubt,askyourdoctor.Soyoudon’tneedtoeatlessfruit,andmanystillneedtoeatmore.AnotherpaperfromtheEPICstudyfounda225reductionindeathsfromheartattacksinpeoplewhoateeightportionsoffruitandvegetablesadaycomparedtothosewhoatethreeorfewer.Thewaythestudywasdesigned,however,meansthatitcanonlysuggestalink—itcan’tproveone.12.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Everyoneshouldeatmoregrapefruit.B.Peopleshouldeatfruitselectively.C.Parentsshouldhavetheirchildrendrinkmorefruitjuice.D.Eatingfruitandvegetableshasbeenproventoreduceoverallcancerrisk.13.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“l(fā)ethally”probablymean?A.Closely. B.Wrongly. C.Dangerously. D.Quickly.14.Whatdowelearnaboutgrapefruit?A.Itincreasestheriskofheartblockage. B.Itreducesdeathsfromheartattacks.C.Itreducesabsorptionofsomedrugs. D.Itcausesincreasesofbreastcancerinwomen.15.Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoestheauthormainlyanswer?A.Whatisgrapefruit?B.Shouldpeopleeatlessfruit?C.Howcanonereducetheriskofgettingbreastcancer?D.Whatshouldpatientinformationleafletstellpeople?【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一項(xiàng)大型研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃水果和蔬菜與降低整體癌癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間只有微弱的聯(lián)系。相反，人們應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎食用某些水果，并列舉了這些會(huì)與藥物發(fā)生反應(yīng)或影響藥物吸收的水果，以及說明了病人信息單上應(yīng)該包含的一些信息。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Well,itdependsonwhatfruityouareeating.AreviewarticleintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalwarnsthatachemicalingrapefruitcaninteractlethallywithcertainmedicines.Evenapplejuice,thestapleofmanybreakfasttables,maypreventourabsorptionofsomedrugs.Parentsalsooftenthinkfruitjuiceisahealthyalternativetofizzydrinks,butjuicescontainsugarandcaloriestoo—asmuchasaglassofCoke—soshouldbedrunkinmoderation.”可知，好吧，這取決于你吃什么水果。加拿大醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)雜志上的一篇評論文章警告說，葡萄柚中的一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)與某些藥物產(chǎn)生致命的相互作用。甚至許多早餐桌上的主食蘋果汁也可能會(huì)阻止我們吸收某些藥物。父母也經(jīng)常認(rèn)為果汁是碳酸飲料的健康替代品，但是果汁也含有糖和卡路里——和一杯可樂一樣多——所以應(yīng)該適度飲用。由此可推知，人們應(yīng)該選擇性地吃水果。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“AreviewarticleintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalwarnsthatachemicalingrapefruitcaninteract”以及后文“withcertainmedicines”可知，加拿大醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)雜志上的一篇評論文章警告說，葡萄柚中的一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)與某些藥物產(chǎn)生危險(xiǎn)的相互作用，因而要謹(jǐn)慎食用。由此可知，劃線詞意思為“危險(xiǎn)的”。A.Closely.親密地；B.Wrongly.錯(cuò)誤地；C.Dangerously.危險(xiǎn)地；D.Quickly.快速地。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Grapefruithasalsobeenlinkedtoanincreaseinbreastcancer.AstudyintheBritishJournalofCancer(BJC)of500,000womenfoundthateatingaquarterofthefruitadayincreasedtheriskby30%.”可知，葡萄柚還與乳腺癌的增加有關(guān)?！队┌Y雜志》對50萬名女性進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天吃四分之一的葡萄柚會(huì)使患乳腺癌疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加30%。由此可知，葡萄柚會(huì)導(dǎo)致婦女患乳腺癌的幾率增加。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Patientinformationleafletsshouldtellyouwhatfoodstoavoidwithwhichdrugs.”可知，病人信息單應(yīng)該告訴你哪些食物和哪些藥物應(yīng)該避免。由此可知，作者主要回答了D選項(xiàng)“病人信息單應(yīng)該告訴人們什么信息？”的問題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheChampionSnorer(打鼾者)ItwastheCedarRapidssleeper(臥鋪車).Outside,itwasasdarkastheinsideofanink-bottle.Inthesleepingcarpeopleslept.Ortriedit.SomeofthemsleptlikeChristianmenandwomen,peacefully,sweetlyandquietly.Otherssleptlikedemons(惡魔)asthoughitwastheirmissiontokeepeverybodyelseawake.____16____Weneverheardanythingsnorelikehim.Itwasthemostsystematicsnoringthatwaseverdone,evenononeofthesetournamentsofsnoring,asleepingcar.____17____O,no!Therewasmorecold-bloodedmagicinhissystemthanthat.Hewaiteduntileverybodyhadhadatasteofsleep,justtoseehowniceandpleasantitwas;andthenhebrokeinontheirsoundsleeplikeawinged,breathingdemon,andtheyneverknewwhatpeacewasagainthatnight.___18___Weallhopeditwasanaccident,however;and,trustingthathewouldn’tdoitagain,weallforgavehim.Thenheruinedourhopesandspoiledthesweetsincerityofourforgivenessbyalong-drawn“Gw-a-h-h-hah!”thatsoundedtoomuchlikebusinesstobeaccidental.____19____Butthesleeperin"lowerthree”wentoninlong-drawn,regularrhythmsthatindicatedgoodstayingqualities,“Gwa-a-a-h!Gwa-a-a-h!Gahwayway!Gahway-wah!Gahwa-a-ah!”Evidentlyitwasgoingtolastallnight;andtheexhaustedheadsdroppedbackonthesleeplesspillows,andthescoldingbegan.____20____Heshotoffanannoying“Gwook!”whichsoundedasthoughhisnosehadgotmadathimandhecontinuedtodisappointeverybodywithaguttural(似喉間發(fā)出的)“Gurroch!”Thenhepausedagainforbreathandwhenhehadaccumulatedenough,heletoutamoredisturbing“Kowpff!”thatnearlyshottheroofoffthesleepingcar.A.Prettysoon“l(fā)owerthree”gaveusalittlevariation.B.Thentherewasapause,andheawakenedfromsleepandlookedatus.C.Hedidn’tbeginassoonasthelampswereturneddownandeverybodywasinbed.D.Ofthesethemaninlowernumberthreewastheworst.E.Justastheotherpassengershadconsultedtogetherhowtheymightstophim,morningdawned.F.Theneveryheadinthesleepingcarwasheldoffthepillowforaminute,waitingtoheartheworst.G.Hestartedoutwithterrific“Gu-r-r-rt!”thatopenedeveryeyeinthecar.【答案】16.D17.C18.G19.F20.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章詳細(xì)描述了一趟臥鋪列車上一個(gè)打鼾特別厲害的呼嚕王整夜打呼嚕的情況，他的呼嚕聲讓讓整個(gè)車廂的人都睡不著?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Otherssleptlikedemons(惡魔)asthoughitwastheirmissiontokeepeverybodyelseawake.(另一些人則睡得像魔鬼，兇惡、丑陋，而且冷酷無情，好像要完成令他人徹夜不眠的使命)”下一段中“Weneverheardanythingsnorelikehim.(我們從來沒有聽到過像他那樣的鼾聲)”可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說明這些睡覺像魔鬼，讓其他人睡不著的人中最厲害的一個(gè)人，后文中him可對應(yīng)到D選項(xiàng)中Ofthesethemaninlowernumberthree。故D選項(xiàng)“這些人中，三號下鋪那位是最糟糕的”符合語境，故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Hewaiteduntileverybodyhadhadatasteofsleep,justtoseehowniceandpleasantitwas;andthenhebrokeinontheirsoundsleeplikeawinged,breathingdemon,andtheyneverknewwhatpeacewasagainthatnight.(當(dāng)所有人剛剛?cè)朊哒谄穱L夢鄉(xiāng)的甜美時(shí)，他破門而入，像一個(gè)張開雙翼的活生生的魔鬼，讓人整夜無法安寧)”可知，后文提到所有人剛剛?cè)朊撸时揪鋺?yīng)當(dāng)是在說明大家還沒開始入睡時(shí)的情況，故C選項(xiàng)“大家還沒關(guān)燈上床就寢，這邊就開始鼾聲大作”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Hewaiteduntileverybodyhadhadatasteofsleep,justtoseehowniceandpleasantitwas;andthenhebrokeinontheirsoundsleeplikeawinged,breathingdemon,andtheyneverknewwhatpeacewasagainthatnight.(當(dāng)所有人剛剛?cè)朊哒谄穱L夢鄉(xiāng)的甜美時(shí)，他破門而入，像一個(gè)張開雙翼的活生生的魔鬼，讓人整夜無法安寧)”以及后文“Weallhopeditwasanaccident,however;and,trustingthathewouldn’tdoitagain,weallforgavehim.(但我們還指望這只是偶然，他不會(huì)再接再厲，那么還可以原諒)”可知，大家剛要入睡，就被這個(gè)人的呼嚕聲吵醒了，可推知本句是在描述他的呼嚕聲如何讓車廂中的人都睡不著的，故G選項(xiàng)“他那響亮的“咕嚕?！钡拈_場白讓車廂中每一個(gè)人睜開雙眼”符合語境，故選G。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Weallhopeditwasanaccident,however;and,trustingthathewouldn’tdoitagain,weallforgavehim.Thenheruinedourhopesandspoiledthesweetsincerityofourforgivenessbyalong-drawn‘Gw-a-h-h-hah!’thatsoundedtoomuchlikebusinesstobeaccidental.(但我們還指望這只是偶然，他不會(huì)再接再厲，那么還可以原諒?？山又靡宦曈崎L的“呱哈哈”的聲浪摧毀了我們的希望，使那些飽含安寧善意的諒解頓時(shí)灰飛煙滅。聽上去此人絕不會(huì)就此善罷甘休)”可知，上文描寫了這個(gè)打呼嚕很厲害的人的呼嚕聲，故本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是描述車廂中聽到呼嚕聲，無法入睡的人們的反應(yīng)，故F選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)無法入眠的人都抬高了頭，足足有一分鐘，大家懸著心屏息等待最糟的情況”符合語境，故選F。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Heshotoffanannoying‘Gwook!’whichsoundedasthoughhisnosehadgotmadathimandhecontinuedtodisappointeverybodywithaguttural(似喉間發(fā)出的)‘Gurroch!’(他突然吐出一聲“Gwook”，聽上去好像他的鼻子要憤而罷工，他帶著喉音的一聲““咕嗚——咔””讓每個(gè)人都失望之極)”可知，結(jié)合后文描述的打鼾者不同鼾聲，可知這個(gè)打鼾者的鼾聲又有了新變化。故A選項(xiàng)“很快，三號下鋪玩起了新花樣”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！癕um,whatdoesitmeanwhensomeonetellsyouthattheyhaveaskeleton(骨骼)inthecloset(衣櫥)?”Jessicaasked.“Askeletoninthecloset?”hermotherpausedthoughtfully.“Well,it’ssomethingthatyouwouldrathernothave_____21_____knowabout.Forexample,ifinthepast,someoneinDad’sfamilyhadbeen_____22_____forstealingahorse,itwouldbe‘a(chǎn)skeletoninhisfamily’scloset’.Hereallywouldn’twantanyneighbortoknowaboutit.”“Why_____23_____myfamily?”Jessica’sfathersaidwithanger.“Yourfamily_____24_____isn’tsogood,youknow.Wasn’tyourgreat-great-grandfatheraprisonerwhowastransportedtoAustraliaforhis_____25_____?”“Yes.butpeoplethesedayssaythatyouarenotarealAustralianunlessyour_____26_____arrivedasprisoners.”“Gosh,sorryIasked.IthinkIunderstandnow,”Jessica_____27_____beforethingsgrewworse.Afterdinner,thehousewasveryquiet.Jessica’sparentswerestillquite_____28_____witheachother.Hermotherwasironingclothesand_____29_____sheglaredatherhusband,who______30______behindhisnewspaperpretendingtoread.Whenshefinished,shegatheredthefreshly______31______clothesinherarmsandwalkedtoJessica’scloset.Justassheopenedthedoorandreachedintohangaskirt,abonyarmstuckoutfromthedarkdepthsandabundleofwhitebonesfelltothefloor.Jessica’smother______32______inafaint(暈倒),wakingonlywhenJessicaputacold,wetclothonherforehead.Shelookeduptoseethe______33______facesofherhusbandanddaughter.“Whathappened?WhereamI?”sheasked.“Youjustdestroyedtheschool’sskeleton.Mum,”explainedJessica.“Ibroughtithometohelpmewithmyhealth______34______.Imeanttotellyou.butitseemedthatassoonasImentionedskeletonsandclosets,itcausedaproblembetweenyouandDad.”Jessicalooked______35______asherparentsbegantolaughmadly.“They’rebothcrazy.”shethought.21.A.yourself B.nobodyelse C.anyoneelse D.someoneelse22.A.suspected B.excused C.charged D.arrested23.A.pickon B.callfor C.settledown D.bringout24.A.comment B.history C.memory D.motto25.A.contributions B.passion C.crimes D.errors26.A.parents B.family C.youngergeneration D.ancestors27.A.brokedown B.droppedin C.closedup D.cutin28.A.concerned B.impatient C.angry D.delighted29.A.byandby B.everynowandthen C.upanddown D.hereandthere30.A.hid B.looked C.hung D.stuck31.A.pressed B.foldedup C.designed D.sewn32.A.jumped B.sank C.zoomed D.recovered33.A.disappointed B.excited C.sharp D.worried34.A.problem B.condition C.project D.care35.A.inharmony B.inamazement C.inadilemma D.inhighspirits【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了一個(gè)有趣的故事。杰西卡拿回家一個(gè)骨骼，放在了衣櫥里?？墒且幌胍嬖V媽媽這件事，就會(huì)引起了媽媽和爸爸的誤會(huì)。晚飯后媽媽熨完衣服把衣服放進(jìn)衣櫥里時(shí)，被衣櫥里的骨骼嚇暈了。等醒過來后，杰西卡向他們解釋把骨骼帶回家是為了自己的健康項(xiàng)目，但是她剛一說就引起了他們的誤會(huì)。杰西卡的爸媽聽后大笑不止。【21題詳解】考查代詞辨析。句意：這件事你可不想讓其他人知道。A.yourself你自己；B.nobodyelse沒有其他人；C.anyoneelse其他人；D.someoneelse其他人。此處表示除了自己以外的其他人，且根據(jù)下文“Hereallywouldn’twantanyneighbortoknowaboutit.”可知這件事你可不想讓其他人知道。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，如果在過去，父親的家庭中有人因?yàn)橥雕R而被捕，現(xiàn)在則將是因?yàn)椤耙粋€(gè)骷髏在他家的壁櫥里”而被捕。A.suspected懷疑；B.excused赦免；C.charged填充；D.arrested逮捕。根據(jù)后文“forstealingahorse”可知過去偷馬會(huì)被逮捕。故選D。23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“為什么挑我家人的毛?。俊苯芪骺ǖ母赣H生氣地說。A.pickon挑中；B.callfor要求；C.settledown定居；D.bringout出版。結(jié)合上文可知，杰西卡的媽媽用杰西卡父親的家族偷馬來舉例，故杰西卡的父親說為什么要挑他們家人的毛病。pickonsb.“挑錯(cuò)，找某人的茬”。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你的家族史不太好。A.comment評論；B.history歷史；C.memory記憶；D.motto座右銘。根據(jù)后文“yourgreat-great-grandfatheraprisoner”可知此處指杰西卡父親的家族歷史不好，有人是囚犯。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你的高曾祖父不是因?yàn)樗淖镄斜涣鞣诺桨拇罄麃喌那舴竼?？A.contributions貢獻(xiàn)；B.passion熱情；C.crimes犯罪；D.errors錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)上文“great-great-grandfatheraprisoner”可知此處指杰西卡父親的高曾祖父是一個(gè)因?yàn)榉缸锉涣鞣诺那舴?，故選C。26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：是的，但是現(xiàn)在人們說，除非你的祖先是作為囚犯來到澳洲的，否則你就不是真正的澳大利亞人。A.parents父母；B.family家人；C.youngergeneration年輕一代；D.ancestors祖先。上文提到“great-great-grandfather”可見是指祖先是作為囚犯來到澳洲的。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“天啊，對不起我不該問這個(gè)。我想我現(xiàn)在明白了?！痹谑虑樽兊酶阒?，杰西卡插話道。A.brokedown出故障；B.droppedin落進(jìn)；C.closedup關(guān)閉；D.cutin插嘴。根據(jù)后文“beforethingsgrewworse”以及上文父母因?yàn)樽约旱膯栴}產(chǎn)生了爭執(zhí)，所以杰西卡在他們吵得更厲害之前插了話。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：杰西卡的父母仍然很生對方的氣。A.concerned關(guān)心的；B.impatient不耐煩的；C.angry憤怒的；D.delighted高興的。結(jié)合上文“Afterdinner,thehousewasveryquiet.”可知杰西卡的父母晚餐后還是在生對方的氣。