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山東省德州市樂(lè)陵市2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》全真模擬試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)In1988,Ibegantoworkasaflightattendant.1mywingswasmychildhooddreamthatIhadsetformyselfaftermyfirstplanerideattheageoffive.Likesomanyothersbeforeme,Ifellinlovewiththeromanceofairplanesand2others.Ihaveflownhundredsofflightssincegraduation,butone3amongthem.WewereflyingfromLosAngelestoWashington,D.C.,whenIfoundayoungmother4withherbaby.Everythingwasa5,andthemothertoldmethatshehadnomorediapers(尿布)orother6ontheaircraft.Throughhertears,she7methattheyhadmissedtheirflightthe8nightinLosAngeles.Sinceshehadn’t9tomisstheflight,shewas10touseupmostofher11andwhatevermoneyshehadto12herselfandherbaby.Asshestoodinfrontofme,crying,Icouldseethehopelessnessonherface.I13rangtheflightattendantcallbuttonandaskedfor14fromtheotherflightattendants.Theybroughtclothtowelsfromfirst15toassistincleaningupbothmomandthebaby.Igaveherasweaterandapairofpants.AsshethankedmeforallIhaddoneshesaid16,“You’renottheflightattendant,butyou’reaskyangel.”Touchingmyflightattendantwings,she17,“Andthoseareyourangelwing.”ThoughIamnolongeraflightattendant,my“angelwings”are18ondisplayinmyoffice.AndeachtimeIseethem,Iam19ofthatyoungwoman,hersonandthe20thatshegavemeonthatspecialday.1、A.ProducingB.EarningC.ImaginingD.Designing2、A.callingB.rescuingC.helpingD.guiding3、A.goesawayB.comesupC.standsoutD.setsoff4、A.strugglingB.playingC.communicatingD.competing5、A.messB.mistakeC.trickD.joke6、A.friendsB.clothingC.fortuneD.babies7、A.suggestedB.persuadedC.informedD.confirmed8、A.previousB.dangerousC.extraD.remaining9、A.rememberedB.regrettedC.managedD.expected10、A.warnedB.likelyC.a(chǎn)bleD.forced11、A.wealthB.foodC.suppliesD.souvenirs12、A.raiseB.teachC.supportD.defeat13、A.suddenlyB.a(chǎn)ctuallyC.immediatelyD.generally14、A.understandingB.a(chǎn)dviceC.permissionD.a(chǎn)ssistance15、A.a(chǎn)irportB.a(chǎn)idC.numberD.class16、A.patientlyB.quicklyC.eagerlyD.elegantly17、A.continuedB.explainedC.recalledD.repeated18、A.seldomB.stillC.evenD.just19、A.a(chǎn)ccusedB.a(chǎn)pprovedC.complainedD.reminded20、A.sceneB.excuseC.presentD.storySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Thedaysofhavingtocarryaphonechargereverywherecouldsoonbeover.Michiganresearchershaverevealedamajorbreakthroughinharvestingenergyfromhumanmotion.Theysayitcouldleadtosmartphonespoweredforaweekbythemotionofaswipe(重?fù)?.MichiganStateUniversity’slow-costdevice,knownasananogenerator,hasalreadybeentested.ScientistssuccessfullyoperatedanLCDtouchscreen,abankof20LEDlightsandaflexiblekeyboard,allwithasimpletouchingorpressingmotionandwithouttheaidofabattery.Thegroundbreakingfindings,publishedinthejournalNanoEnergy,suggest“We’reonthepathtowardwearabledevicespoweredbyhumanmotion,”saidNelsonSepulveda,associateprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandleadresearcheroftheproject.“WhatIforesee,relativelysoon,isthecapabilityofnothavingtochargeyourcellphoneforanentireweek,forexample,becausethatenergywillbeproducedbyyourmovement,”saidSepulveda,whoseresearchisfundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.Electricalenergyiscreatedwhenthedeviceiscompressedbyhumanmotion.Thecompleteddeviceisasthinasasheetofpaper.ThedeviceusedtopowertheLEDlightswaspalm-sized,whilethedeviceusedtopowerthetouchscreenwasassmallasafinger.Advantagessuchasbeinglightweight,flexibleandlow-costcouldmakeitapromisingandalternativemethodinthefieldofMechanical-energyharvesting.Thedevicealsobecomesmorepowerfulwhenfolded.Sepulvedasaid,“Youcanstartwithalargedevice,butwhenyoufolditonce,andagain,andagain,it’smuchsmallerandhasmoreenergy.Nowitmaybesmallenoughtoputinaspeciallymadeheelofyourshoesoitcreatespowereachtimeyourheelstrikestheground.”Sepulvedaandhisteamarealsodevelopingtechnologythatwouldtransmitthepowergeneratedbytheheelstriketo,say,awirelessheadset.1、WhoisNelsonSepulveda?A.Themajorresearcherintheproject.B.Aprofessorofengineering.C.Thefundsupplieroftheresearch.D.AjournalistwritingforNanoEnergy.2、Theunderlinedworddeviceinthe2ndparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A.keyboardB.smartphoneC.screenD.machine3、Fromthepassageweknowthatthenanogenerator________.A.becomesmorepowerfulwhenkeptflatB.hasalreadycomeintomarketintheUSAC.islightweightandflexiblethoughexpensiveD.makesitpossibletoproducepowerbywalking4、Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A.persuadepeopletobuythedeviceB.bringinanewwaytosaveenergyC.introduceabreakthroughinscienceD.honorNelsonSepulvedaforhiscontributionsText2Weoftenseekfoodafterfocusedmentalactivity,likepreparingforanexam.Researchersguessthattoomuchthinkingconsumesalotofenergyfromthebrain.Sothebrain,sensingthatitmaysoonrequiremorecaloriestokeepgoing,apparentlyleadstobodilyhunger,andeventhoughtherehasbeenlittlephysicalmovement,weeat.Theresearchersnotethattiringactivitybothincreasestheamountofbloodsugarandlactate(乳酸鹽)circulatinginthebloodandincreasesbloodflowtothehead.Becausethebrainusessugarandlactateasfuel,researcherswonderediftheincreasedflowoffuel—richbloodduringexercisecouldfeedaworn—outbrainandreducetheurgetoovereat.Thirty—eighthealthycollegestudentswereinvitedtodeterminetheirfitnessandmetabolic(新陳代謝)ratesandtoreportwhattheirfavoritepizzawas.Afterward,theysatquietlyfor35minutesbeforebeinggivenasmuchoftheirfavoritepizzaastheywanted.Atalaterdate,thevolunteersreturnedandspent20minutesmakingselectionsfromcollegeandgraduate-schoolentranceexams.Next,halfthestudentssatquietlyfor15minutes,beforebeinggivenpizza.Therestofthevolunteersspentthose15minutesdoingintervalsonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))twominutesofhardrunningfollowedbyaboutoneminuteofwalking,repeatedfivetimes.Thesestudentswerethenallowedtogorgeonpizza,too.Butbyandlarge,theydidnotovereat.Whentheresearchersfactoredin(將……作為因素考慮)thecaloriesburntonrunning,theydeterminedthatthosestudentsactuallyconsumed200fewertotalcaloriesaftertheirbrainworkoutsthantherestingstudents.Theresearchersdonotknowiftherunnersconsumedextracaloriesatdinner.Theyalsocannottellwhetherothertypesofexercisewouldhavethesameeffectasrunning,althoughtheresearcherssaytheysuspectthatifanactivitycausessomeonetobreakintoasweat,itshouldalsoincreasebloodsugarandlactate,feedingthebrainandweakeninghungerscall.1、Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Weeatformorephysicalmovements.B.Abusybraincanmakeonehungry.C.Energyfromthebraincan’tbeusedup.D.Anexamresultsincaloricconsumptionmost.2、Whatcanaphysicalmovementdo?A.Increasebloodflow. B.Increasetheamountofbloodsugar.C.Urgeonetoeatmore. D.Makethebraintied.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gorgeon”inparagraph5mean?A.Eat. B.Purchase. C.Taste. D.Obtain.4、Whatdotheresearcherswanttoknowfromthestudy?A.Whetherbrainusessugarandlactateasfuel.B.Whetherbraincanbetiredduringexercise.C.Whetherexercisecanreduceeatingdesire.D.Whetherexerciseincreasesbloodsugar.Text3Stuttering(口吃)isacommunicationdisorder(疾病)generallycharacterizedbyunconsciousrepetitionsorpausesintheflowofspeech.Theserepetitionsandpausescanbakemanyforms,suchasrepetitionsofpartsofwords(“l(fā)i-li-likethis”).Sometimes,therearemomentswhenasoundoraperiodofsilenceislengthened(“l(fā)lllikethis”or“l(fā)-ikethis”).Stutteringcanbeclassifiedintoanumberorcommunicationdisorders:neurogenic(神經(jīng)性的)stutteringandpsychogenicstutteringareassociatedwithsuddenonset(發(fā)作)and,astheirnamesimply,withaspecificknowncause—eitheraprobleminthemakeupofthebrainoragreatpsychologicalchallenge.Thesedisordersarecomparativelyrareanddifferintermsofcauses,symptomsandtreatmentfromdevelopmentalstuttering.Developmentalstutteringtypicallystartsbetweentheagesoftwoandahalfandfour.Theonsetofthedisorder,whichcanbegradualorrelativelysudden,generallyoccursduringtheperiodofrapiddevelopmentinachild’slanguageskills,motorskills,character,andsocialinteraction.Thecauseofdevelopmentalstutteringarenotwellunderstoodandvarioustheorieshavebeenofferedthroughoutthehistoryofspeech-languagepathology(thestudyofthecausesandeffectsofillnesses).Therootsofstutteringhavebeenbelievedtorelatetoanumberofcauses:emotionalproblems,neurologicalproblems,improperreactionsfromcaregiversandfamilymembers,languageplanning,andspeechmotordifficultiesamongothers.Thesetheorieshaveshownthepromiseofexplainingsomecharacteristicsofstutteringbutnosingletheoryhasthoroughlydescribedtheexperiencesofpeoplewhostutter.Youngchildrenwhohavestutteredforonlyashorttimehaveahighrateofnaturalrecovery,thoughitisimpossibletodeterminewhichchildrenaremostlikelytorecoverandwhicharelikelytocontinuestuttering.Mostexpertsrecommendearlyevaluationandtreatmentaimedatpreventingthedevelopmentofachronic(慢性的)communicationdisorder.Speech-languagepathologistsdisagreeaboutwhichapproachisbestforolderchildrenandadults.Treatmentoptionsincludetrainingtochangespeechpatterns,turningtodoctorstominimizenegativereactions,drugs,andelectronictoolsthatimprovefluency.Self-helpandsupportgroupsalsoplayanimportantroleinrecoveryformanypeoplewhostutter.Manypeoplewhohavetakenstutteringtreatmentprogramsareabletomakepositivechangesintheirspeechskillsandcommunicationabilitiessotheycancommunicatefreely.1、Ifasmallchildbeginstostutter,hisorherparentsshould________.A.givetheirfamilymoretime B.consultadoctorimmediatelyC.waitforthechildtorecovernaturally D.encouragethechildtospeakfluently2、Whatcanwesayabouttheapproachestotreatmentofstuttering?A.Theyprovetobeuselessforchildren.B.Theyareattheexperimentalstage.C.Theyproducepositiveeffects.D.Theyworkagainsteachother.3、Themainpurposeofthetextisto________.A.describerecentresearchonstutteringB.showustheclassificationofstutteringC.explainthedifferentformsofstutteringD.offersomebasicknowledgeofstutteringText4BestLondonExhibitions,2018BridgetRileyExhibition,DavidZwirnerGalleryDavidZwirnerGallerydevotesitsthree﹣floorMayfairsitetonewworksbythegreatBridgetRileyinJanuary2018.Wesawit,andquitefrankly,theresultisamazing.WHEN:19Jan.2018﹣10Mar.2018,ClosedSundaysandMondaysWHERE:DavidZwirner24GraftonStreet,London,WIS4EZAndreasGursky,HaywardGalleryAfteratwo﹣yearbreak,HaywardGalleryreopenswithagrandAndreasGurskyexhibition.Thegalleryhasdeliberatelygonebigwiththisretrospective(回顧)andweloveit.WHEN:25Jan.2018﹣22Apr.2018,OpeningtimenotyetconfirmedWHERE:HaywardGallerySouthbankCentre,BelvedereRoad,London,SEI&﹣XXCharlesI:KingandCollector,RoyalAcademyThisyear,TheRoyalAcademycelebratesits250thanniversary.Tokickoffthecelebrations,themuseum'sdirector,ChristopherLeBrun,wantedtocreateoneofthegreatestexhibitionsofhiscareer.CharlesI:KingandCollectorreunitesthegreatestBritishartcollectionofalltimeforthefirsttimein350years.It′sacompletesuccess.WHEN:27Jan.2018﹣15Apr.2018,10:00﹣18:00WHERE;RoyalAcademyBurlingtonHouse,Piccadilly,London,WIJ〇BDPicasso1932﹣Love,F(xiàn)ame,Tragedy,TateModernItisreallyonce﹣in﹣a﹣lifetimePicassoexhibition.TateModernpreparestostageablockbusterexploringPicasso'sspecialandsplendidworksfrom1932.WesawitinParis,andtrustus,it'sgood.WHEN:8Mar.2018﹣10Sept.2018,SundaytoThursday10.00﹣18:00,F(xiàn)ridaytoSaturday10:00﹣22:00WHERE:TateModernBankside,London,SEI9TG1、Whichgalleryhasbeenclosedforalongtime?A.DavidZwirnerGallery.B.HaywardGallery.C.RoyalAcademy.D.TateModern.2、WhatcanvisitorsappreciatewhenvisitingtheRoyalAcademythisyear?A.NewworksbyBridgetRiley.B.PaintingsbyAndreasGursky.C.ThegreatestBritishartcollection.D.PaintingsbyChristopherLeBrun.3、Whichartexhibitionwilllastthelongest?A.BridgetRileyexhibition,DavidZwirnerGallery.B.AndreasGursky,HaywardGallery.C.CharlesI:KingandCollector,RoyalAcademy.D.Picasso1932﹣love,F(xiàn)ame,Tragedy,TateModern.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhenIwasachildIthoughtalotaboutwhatitmeanstoloveIonceaskedmymotherifshelovedmeormyfather1.(many),certainthatIknewtheanswer—meInstead,shebentdownandlookedatme

2.theeye,handsgentlyoneachshoulderSheexplainedthatshecouldn’thelp3.(love)meandthattheloveofamotherforherbabywasincrediblystrongButthenshetoldmethattheloveshehadformydaddywasaloveof4.(choose),whichmadeitspecialOfallthepeopleintheworld,shechose5.a(chǎn)ndhechoseherNowthatI’mmarried,Iconsidereachday6.ittakestostaymarriedaslongasmyparentshaveIt’snotthatIdon’tbelieveinromance

7.IbelievemoreinthesacredoftheordinaryIbelieveinlovethatissustainedbydeliberate8.(kind)andthechoicetoseelittleactsastestamentsofloveandcommitmentratherthanindicatorsofasparkthathasdiedoflovecommunicatedeachtimehecooksmealsandIschedulehisdentalappointmentThispictureofloveiscertainlyless9.(excite),butdecidedlyreal,andmoreromanticinitsownwaybecauseoftheweightofits10.(real)Asweknow,prolongedsittinghasbeenlinkedtocancer,diabetes(糖尿病)andspeedingupageingHowever,standingforlongperiodsoftimemightnotbegood1.youeither,accordingtoanewstudy2.(publish)lastyearInthe12-year-longstudy,researcherslookedattheworkplacehabitsof7,000participantsinOntarioCanadaand3.(find)thatthosewhostoodatworkweretwiceaslikely4.(catch)heartdiseaseincomparisontothosewhospentthedaysittingdownStandingforhoursonendincreasesthepressureintheveins(血管),5.mightcontributetotheincreasedriskofheartdiseaseProlongedstandinghasalsobeenlinkedtochronicbackpainandmusculoskeletaldisordersinthelegs6.issuggestedthatemployersshouldfocusonwellnessprogramsthattargetthosewhoaresubjectedtoprolongedperiodsofstandingjustastheywouldtargetdaily7.(smoker)Thosewhocannotavoidstandingatworkshould8.(regular)stretchduringbreakstoeasethemusclesWithstudies9.(suggest)bothsittingandstandingforlongperiodsoftimecarryhealthrisks,perhapsthe10.(solve)istoalternatebetweenthetwoSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)HowlongcouldyoustandonAntarcticicebeforeyourbarefeetfrozesolid?Aminute.Maybetwo?Ifyou’reanemperorpenguin,youcandoitfortwomonthsincruelwindsataslowas-75degreesFahrenheit1、,buttheirspecialcirculationactsasakindofantifreezetokeepthemwarmenough.Penguinlegsandfeethaveevolvedtoloseaslittleheataspossible.Penguinfeetpreserveheatbyrestrictingbloodflowinreallycoldweather,keepingfoottemperaturejustabovefreezing2、Bloodvesselstoandfromthefeetareverynarrowandwovencloselytogether,coolingthebloodfromthebodyonthewaytothefeetandheatingthebloodasitreturnstothebody.3、.Thisspecialabilityispartofhowpenguinskeeptheireggswarmuntiltheyhatch.Eachpenguinegg’sfatherbalancesitonhisfeetandcoversitwithhisverywarmlayeroffeatheredskintokeepitcozywhilefemalesareoutfeedingatsea.4、.Iffemaleshaven’treturnedwithfoodbytimethechickshatch,malepenguinsfeedtheirbabiesforafewdaysonakindof"milk"madefromspecialcellsinsidetheirthroats.5、Yourhandsgetwhiterduringfreezingweatherbecausethere'slessbloodinthemwhichhasbeenredirectedtothecentralpartofyourbodytomakesurevitalorgansstaywarm.A.PenguinlegsworklikeaheatexchangesystemB.ThosenakedbirdfeetmaylookextremelycoldC.Therefore,themalepenguinsmuststaytogetheringroupsD.However,parentingdoesn'tstopthereforthesedevotedfathersE.Emperorpenguinsalsohavetheabilityto'recycle’theirownbodyheatF.Feetgetcoolbloodsothere’slessheattolose,whilethebodystayswarmandcomfortableG.Infact.humanshavetheabilityt

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