名詞性從句在語法填空和寫作中的應(yīng)用

*名詞性從句的特點(diǎn)是從句都有關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo),從句的語序和陳述句的語序相同。名詞性從句2.賓語從句3.表語從句4.同位語從句1.主語從句這是一本書。Thisisabook.陳述句這是書嗎？Isthisabook?疑問句第一頁第二頁，共32頁。(1)從屬連詞whetherthat(2)連接代詞What,Who,whichWhom,whosewhateverwhoeverwhichever(3)連接副詞whenwhywherehow，if/asif(只用于表語從句）＊只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)從句中的任何成分。＊既起連接作用，本身又做從句的

主語、賓語、

表語或

定語（whose）。＊既起連接作用，本身又做從句的狀語。how

many，howmuch，第二頁第三頁，共32頁。注意：1.主語從句：主語從句+V

主從1+主從2+V

連詞1+連詞2+主從+V2.賓語從句：從句時(shí)態(tài)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)如從句中表示的是客觀現(xiàn)象，則用主語+謂語+that+賓從主語+謂語+that賓從1+that賓從2+that賓從3…3.表語從句:asif只能引導(dǎo)表語從句4.同位語從句：常見詞(fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,doubt,possibility,etc)(單)(復(fù))(單)保持一致一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

（

）

（

）thatthat第三頁第四頁，共32頁。要注意的連接詞：1.That和what:That：只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)任何成分，不可以省略（賓從的特殊情況除外）What:充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語2.Whether和if:只用whether的情況：1）whether…ornot2）句首主從，介后賓從，同從，表從3.what,who,which引導(dǎo)的名從都含有疑問意義

whatever（=anythingthat）無論什么

whoever(=anyonewho）無論誰

whichever無論哪個(gè)第四頁第五頁，共32頁。重要句型：1.Thereasonisthat…+(原因)Thatiswhy…+(結(jié)果)Thatisbecause+…(原因)【Hewasabsentbecausehewasill.】2.主語+動(dòng)詞（think,

consider…）+it+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞）+that從句第五頁第六頁，共32頁。重要句型：3.It+be+adj.+that從句(如obvious,true,clear…)It+be+n詞組+that從句（如nowonder,anhonor…）It+be+P.P+that從句(如said,reported,thought,acknowledged,considered…)Itoccurs(occurred)tosb.that從句Itstrikes(struck)sb.that從句Ithappens(happened)that從句第六頁第七頁，共32頁。

Ex1:請找出以下復(fù)合句的名詞性從句并分析其類型1.ThequestionwhywemustlearnEnglishhasbeenaskedmanytimes.2.ThatiswhereLuXunoncelived.3.Whetheryoucomeornotisuptoyou.

4.WethoughtitstrangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.5.It’suncertainwhethertheexperimentisworthdoing.（）同位語從句（）表從（）主語從句（）賓語從句（）主語從句第七頁第八頁，共32頁。Ex2:Pleasefillintheblanks.

1.______wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan

_____wehave.

2.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweekandthatis______youhadafewdaysoff?

3.Thereason

_____Ihavetogois_____mymotherisillinbed.Whatwhatwhywhythat第八頁第九頁，共32頁。14.The

reason________

you

went

to

the

park

was

that

you

want

to

visit

her.

15.The

question

is

_________

we

will

complete

the

project.

16.That

was

______________the

Chinese

began

to

make

paper.

17.The

problem_______

should

be

our

mornitor

is

not

decided.

18.They

have

no

information

________________

he

was

alive.

19.Thisisanotherproof_________hekilledaman.

20.Theprofessorgaveorders_______thetestbefinishedbefore6o’clock.21.Mostof_______weknowabouttheearthcomesfromourbooks.whywhenwhen\howwhothat\whetherthatthatwhat第九頁第十頁，共32頁。4._______thedoctorsreallydoubtis

_________mymother

willrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.5.______causedtheaccidentwasamanlyingontheground.6._______willgomakesnodifference.7.______________________yourdaughterlovesisveryclear.8.________walletwasstolenmustbemadeclear.9.________he

left

his

wife

cut

her

to

the

heart.

WhatwhetherWhatWhoWhat\Who\WhomWhoseThat第十頁第十一頁，共32頁。6.

_______________________we

go

there

remains

to

be

decided.

7.

________your

uncle

will

arrive

was

not

mentioned

in

his

letter.

8.

________you

went

there

alone

must

be

explained.

9.

I’ll

take

back

______

I

said.

10.

I’m

satisfied

______

he

did.

11.

Tell

us

_____

you

fulfilled

the

heavy

task

ahead

of

time.

12.That’s________

I

praise

you.

13.This

is

__________two

thirds

of

the

earth’s

surface

is

made

up

of

vast

oceans.

When\How\WhetherWhenWhywhatwhathowWhen\Howwhybecause第十一頁第十二頁，共32頁。21.

Iunderstand_______(all______)yousaid.22.

Ican’tbelieve_______isreported.

23.

Acarpassedmeat_______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.24.

Thebuildingwillbebuiltin

_____wasawastelandbefore.25.Thisis_________ourproblemlies.26.Tomorrowis______itwouldbethemostconvenient.whatthatwhatwhatwhatwherewhen第十二頁第十三頁，共32頁。27.Thereason______hedidn'tcomeis

______hewasill.28.Hedidn'tcome.That's____________hewasill.29.Hewasill.Ithinkthatis______hedidn'tcome.30.Thequestionis__________hewillbehereontime.31.Hesaidweshouldfinishtheworktoday,andthisis________Idisagree.32.Youalwaysgivehimwhateverhewants.That’s

_______youarewrong.

why

thatbecausewhy

whetherwherewhere第十三頁第十四頁，共32頁?？偨Y(jié)：名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇三步驟

步驟一：如果從句中缺少主語，或者賓語，或者表語，則考慮用連接代詞What,

who,

which,

whose,

whatever…步驟二：如果從句中既不缺少主語，賓語，也不缺少表語，但是缺少一定意義的狀語，則考慮用連接副詞；where,

when,

why,

how…步驟三：如果既不缺少主語，賓語，表語，也不缺少狀語，則考慮用從屬連詞。that,

whether,

if,

asif第十四頁第十五頁，共32頁。Ex3:名詞性從句改錯(cuò)1.Thefactwhichshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.2.Whattheboydidn’ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.3.Ifwe’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.（）thatwhich（）WhatThat（）IfWhether第十五頁第十六頁，共32頁。4.Whathereallymeansiswhathedisagreeswithus.5.Whenwe’llfinishtranslatingthebookdependonthetime.（）（）that（）dependdependswhat第十六頁第十七頁，共32頁。

Ireadareportlastnight.Itsays1______alotofpeoplediedin2____trafficaccident.ButIforget3________theaccidenthappenedlastSunday.4_______astonishedmemostis5______somebabieslost6_______lives.However,Idon'tknow7____________thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestodealwith8___.Inmyopinion,9_____accidenthastaughtusalesson10______weshouldobeythetrafficrules.Ex4:從句語篇練習(xí)1

that

a

where

What

that

their

whether/if

it

the

that第十七頁第十八頁，共32頁。

Everyoneknew1____

Andywasafamouswriter,butnooneknew2_______shecamefromand3_________shewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.4_______theydidknowwas5_______shewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelped6________wasinneedofmoney.Ex4:從句語篇練習(xí)2thatwhere

whetherWhatthatwhoever第十八頁第十九頁，共32頁。二、寫作中的名詞性從句一篇作文，在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤角‘?dāng)?shù)胤胖靡粌蓚€(gè)從句，不僅會讓作文更耐讀，而且作文分值會有所提高。高考英語作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔(很好)；(21-25分)1.完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。2.覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。3.應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。4.語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力。5.有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。6.完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。

第十九頁第二十頁，共32頁。whatmattersis....1困難并不可怕，關(guān)鍵的是在面對困難的時(shí)候我們得勇敢地承擔(dān)責(zé)任。2空氣污染已經(jīng)是一個(gè)很普遍的現(xiàn)象，重要的是我們要找到有效的辦法來處理它。thefact\phenomenon\result(is)that....3很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生已經(jīng)接受了這么一個(gè)事實(shí)，那就是找一份合適的工作實(shí)屬不易。4人類必須得接受這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，那就是由于溫室效應(yīng)，全球氣溫正在不斷升高。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子第二十頁第二十一頁，共32頁。Itis+P.Pthat....5據(jù)報(bào)道，這次地震已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了100多人死亡，800多人受傷，且逾千人失去了自己的家園。6據(jù)報(bào)道，大學(xué)擴(kuò)招是導(dǎo)致眾多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力大的首要原因。collegeenrollmentexpansionwhat....7我們現(xiàn)在要做的最重要的事情就是立刻采取行動(dòng)拯救這些瀕危的動(dòng)物。8事實(shí)上，我們從書本上所學(xué)到的東西是非常有限的。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子第二十一頁第二十二頁，共32頁。what....9我從這次經(jīng)歷當(dāng)中學(xué)到的東西是，助人不僅是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德，也能給大家?guī)砜鞓贰tis(widely)acknowledgedthat10眾所周知，環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為中國乃至世界上所面臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。11眾所周知，教育是我們生活中不可缺少的一部分。12大家都知道，學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)對學(xué)習(xí)效果的影響不可忽視。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子第二十二頁第二十三頁，共32頁。whatmattersis....1困難并不可怕，關(guān)鍵的是在面對困難的時(shí)候我們得勇敢地承擔(dān)責(zé)任。2空氣污染已經(jīng)是一個(gè)很普遍的現(xiàn)象，重要的是我們要找到有效的辦法來處理它。參考答案Actuallydifficultyisnotfrighteningandwhatmattersisthatwhenfacingit,wearesupposedtobebravetotakeresponsibilities.Airpollutionisaverycommonphenomenonandwhatmattersisthatweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestodealwithit.第二十三頁第二十四頁，共32頁。thefact\phenomenon\result(is)that....3很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生已經(jīng)接受了這么一個(gè)事實(shí)，那就是找一份合適的工作實(shí)屬不易。4人類必須得接受這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，那就是由于溫室效應(yīng)，全球氣溫正在不斷升高。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子Manygraduateshaveacceptedafactthatitisquitedifficulttofindsuitablejobsforthem.Airpollutionisaverycommonphenomenonandwhatmattersisthatweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestodealwithit.第二十四頁第二十五頁，共32頁。Itis+P.Pthat....5據(jù)報(bào)道，這次地震已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了118人死亡，800多人受傷，且逾千人失去了自己的家園。6據(jù)報(bào)道，大學(xué)擴(kuò)招是導(dǎo)致眾多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力大的首要原因。collegeenrollmentexpansion運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子Itisreportedthattheearthquakehascaused118peopledead,over800injured,andthousandsofpeoplelosingtheirhomes.Itisreportedthatcollegeenrollmentexpansionisthemainreasonwhichcausesgreatemploymentpressureformanyundergraduates.第二十五頁第二十六頁，共32頁。what....7我們現(xiàn)在要做的最重要的事情就是立刻采取行動(dòng)拯救這些瀕危的動(dòng)物。8事實(shí)上，我們從書本上所學(xué)到的東西是非常有限的。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子Whatisthemostimportantthing(that)weshouddonowistotakeimmediateactiontosavetheseendangeredanimals.Tobehonest,whatwehavegot\learnedfrombooksisverylimited.第二十六頁第二十七頁，共32頁。9我從這次經(jīng)歷當(dāng)中學(xué)到的東西是，助人不僅是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德，也能給大家?guī)砜鞓?。Itis(widely)acknowledgedthat10眾所周知，環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為中國乃至世界上所面臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。運(yùn)用名詞性從句翻譯下列句子WhatIhavelearnedfromtheexperienceisthathelpingothersisnotonlyaChinesetraditionalvirtuebutalsocanbringhappinesstoothers.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblems