山東省菏澤市2022-2023學年高一上學期期中考試英語試題(B)_第1頁
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2022—2023學年度第一學期期中考試高一英語試題(B)注意事項:1.本試卷滿分150分,考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前,考生務必將姓名、班級等個人信息填寫在答題卡指定位置。3.考生作答時,請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效,在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分,滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanalsowanttobe?A.Adirector.B.Anactress.C.Asongwriter.2.WhatwillSamdotonight?A.Takeaflight.B.Attendaparty.C.Haveameeting.3.Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydofirst?A.Eatsomething.B.Getoutoftown.C.Takesomemedicine.4.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthewoman’sshirt?A.Theprice.B.Thecolor.C.Thematerial.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Clothing.B.Weather.C.Bodytemperature.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分,滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gototheconcert.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Havecoffeewithsomepeople.7.Whenistheman’snextclass?A.Inanhour.B.Inhalfanhour.C.Inoneandahalfhours.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Familymembers.C.Teacherandstudent.9.Whatwillthemandofirstafterhequitshisjob?A.Studyabroad.B.Gotraveling.C.Findanewone.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatkindofsoupmightthewomanmake?A.Vegetablesoup.B.Chickensoup.C.Cheesesoup.11.Whatistheweatherlikethisweek?A.Cold.B.Cool.C.Hot.12.Inwhichareaisthedessertlocated?A.Area3.B.Area4.C.Area7.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutfirst?A.Theman’sfavoriteactor.B.Theman’sfavoritecountry.C.Thewoman’sfavoritemovie.14.WhatimpressesthemanmostaboutTokyo?A.Theweather.B.Thepeople.C.Thefood.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofBarcelona?A.Thecityisnoisy.B.Thelifeiscolorful.C.Thecostoflivingishigh.16.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingattheseaside?A.Reading.B.Playingvolleyball.C.Havingabarbecue.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Awriter.B.Areporter.C.Aneditor.18.Whatisnecessaryforavolunteertohave?A.Experience.B.Highscores.C.Speakingskills.19.What’sthebestreasonfortakingthejob?A.Tohavefun.B.Tomakemoney.C.Toknowmorepeople.20.Whenarevolunteersexpectedtotalktothespeaker?ANextweek.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Rightafterthemeeting.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分,滿分分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項。AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(18601935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofmunitybycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(19071964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(參議員)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(19132005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivilrightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.1.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herteachingskills.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hermunitybackground.2.WhatwasthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.3.WhomadeagreatcontributiontothecivilrightsmovementintheU.S.?A.JaneAddams. B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor. D.RosaParks.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了對人類發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重大影響的四位女性JaneAddams、RachelCarson、SandraDayO’Connor以及RosaParks的故事,贊揚她們?yōu)槿祟愡M步所做出的巨大貢獻。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.可知,任何一個得到社會工作者幫助的人都要感謝JaneAddams。由此可知,正是JaneAddams推動了社會工作的發(fā)展,她才因此而出名。故A正確。2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.可知,1952年,SandraDayO’Connor在斯坦福大學法學院以全班第三名的成績畢業(yè),因為是女性,她在律師事務所找不到工作。由此可知,律師事務所拒絕O’Connor主要是因為她是一位女性,也就是對婦女的歧視。故C項正確?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivilrightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.可知,它持續(xù)了一年多,拉開了民權(quán)運動的序幕?!拔椅ㄒ桓械狡>氲氖牵覅捑肓朔艞?,”Parks說。由此可知,正是因為RosaParks的努力,美國的民權(quán)運動才得以推進,她對美國的人權(quán)運動做出了巨大的貢獻。故D項正確?!军c睛】本文屬于人物傳記類的短文,此類文章通常較為簡單,解題方法也較為清晰??梢韵瓤磫栴},再帶著問題仔細閱讀短文,理解了全文內(nèi)容,很容易選出正確答案。在解題時要特別關(guān)注題干中的關(guān)鍵詞,如小題3題干中提及thecivilrightsmovementintheU.S(美國的民權(quán)運動),再結(jié)合文章最后兩句Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivilrightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.可知,它持續(xù)了一年多,拉開了民權(quán)運動的序幕?!拔椅ㄒ桓械狡>氲氖?,我厭倦了放棄,”Parks說。由此可知,正是因為RosaParks的努力,美國的民權(quán)運動才得以推進,她對美國的人權(quán)運動做出了巨大的貢獻。故D項正確。BByanystandard,Dr.Seuss’Oh,ThePlacesYou‘llGo!isagreatbook.AndMartinishardlythefirstparenttobuythebookforhisgraduatinghighschool.ButMartindidsomethingspecial—headdedtothebook’spages13years’worthofhandwrittenteachers’mentsandimpressionsabouthisdaughter,Brenna.WhenMartinfirsttoldBrenna,18,thathehadapresentforher,Brennathoughtshewasgettingsomegraduationcard.Butthensheopenedthebookandrealizedthatitwasfilledwithpersonalmemories.“Everyyear,forthepast13years,sincethedayyoustartedkindergarten(幼兒園)I’vegotteneveryteachertowritesomethingaboutyouinsidethisbook,”hetoldher.Brenna’seyeswerefilledwithhottears.Shedescribedherhappinessathergraduationgiftonline,“Hemanagedtokeepthisbookasecretfor13years,andsurelyeveryoneelseinmylifeknewaboutit!Iwasmovedtotears.SittingtherereadingthroughthisbookthereareencouragingandsweetwordsfromeveryteacherIloveandrememberthroughmyyearsinthissmalltown.Myearlyteachersmentionmy‘laughs’whilemyhighschoolteachersmentionmy‘smart’.Buttheyallmentionmyhumorandloveforlife.Itisastoundingtoreceivesomethingthistouchingandthoughtful.Ican’texpresshowmuchIlovemyDadforthislaboroflove”.MillionsofpeoplehavecheckedoutBrenna’sInternetmessageonherfather’sgift,whichhasbeenconsidered“unbelievable”andthe“bestgraduationgiftever”.Itsurebeatsabunchofroses.4.WhatdidBrennafindafteropeningthebook?A.Anunusualgraduationcard.B.Apictureofbeautifulroses.C.Herteachers’wordsabouther.DHerparents’personalmemories.5.Whichistheteachers’monimpressiononBrenna?A.Clever. B.Humorous.C.Thoughtful D.Hardworking.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“astounding”inParagraph3mean?A.Amazing. B.Important.C.Impossible. D.Helpful.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Afamilyfulloflove.B.Daughter’sthankstoDad.C.AgreatbookbyDr.Seuss.D.Dad’ssecretgraduationgift.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。這是一個暖心的故事,講述了一個父親在13年里堅持為女兒收集老師們對她的評語并添加到一本書里,在女兒高中畢業(yè)時作為禮物送給女兒,女兒驚喜而感動。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ButMartindidsomethingspecial—headdedtothebook’spages13years’worthofhandwrittenteachers’mentsandimpressionsabouthisdaughter,Brenna.(但是馬丁做了一件特別的事——他把13年來老師們手寫的對他女兒布倫娜的評價和印象加到了書的每一頁)”可知,父親在書頁中加入了13年來女兒老師們給與女兒的評價和印象,女兒打開書就會看到。故選C項?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Myearlyteachersmentionmy‘laughs’whilemyhighschoolteachersmentionmy‘smart’.Buttheyallmentionmyhumorandloveforlife.(我早期的老師提到我的“笑”,而我的高中老師提到我的“聰明”。但他們都提到了我的幽默和對生活的熱愛)”可知,“幽默”是所有老師對Brenna的共同印象。故選B項?!?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段末“Brenna’seyeswerefilledwithhottears.(布倫娜熱淚盈眶)”及第三段“Iwasmovedtotears.(我感動得流下了眼淚)”末句“Ican’texpresshowmuchIlovemyDadforthislaboroflove(我無法表達我有多愛我的父親,因為他的愛)”及劃線詞后的主語“toreceivesomethingthistouchingandthoughtful(收到這么感人又貼心的禮物)”可知,Brenna認為這個禮物是很令人驚喜的。故選A項?!?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ButMartindidsomethingspecial—headdedtothebook’spages13years’worthofhandwrittenteachers’mentsandimpressionsabouthisdaughter,Brenna.(但是馬丁做了一件特別的事——他把13年來老師們手寫的對他女兒布倫娜的評價和印象加到了書的每一頁)”及第二段“WhenMartinfirsttoldBrenna,18,thathehadapresentforher,Brennathoughtshewasgettingsomegraduationcard.Butthensheopenedthebookandrealizedthatitwasfilledwithpersonalmemories.(當馬丁第一次告訴18歲的布倫娜他有一份禮物給她時,布倫娜以為她收到了什么畢業(yè)卡片。但當她打開這本書,意識到它充滿了個人的回憶)”及第三段“Hemanagedtokeepthisbookasecretfor13years,andsurelyeveryoneelseinmylifeknewaboutit!Iwasmovedtotears.(他設(shè)法把這本書保密了13年,我身邊的每個人肯定都知道)”可知,文章主要講述了一個父親在女兒高中畢業(yè)之際送給他一份特殊的禮物,包含深深地愛,女兒非常感動。所以D項Dad’ssecretgraduationgift.(父親的秘密的畢業(yè)禮物)綜述了全文主要內(nèi)容。故選D項。CIremembermyteenyearswhenallIwantedwastoputonweight.Growingup,IwasalwaysonthethinnersideandtryasIcould,Ineverseemedtoputonthekilos.Iwouldadmirethechubbier(豐滿的)girlsandwishedtobelikethem.NowIrealizeIhadweighedmyselfworthonhowIlooked.IhadalsosentoutamessagesayingthatIwasn’tgoodenoughbecauseofmybodysize,notrealizingthatwetrainothershowtotreatus.Today,I’mfortableinmyskin,andIhavelearnttheartofselflove.Andyes,Ididputonthekilosyearslaterafterchildbirth,butIlostthematthegym,andIamhappywithmyself.Thisgotmethinkingaboutthenumberofpeopletodaywhowanttolooklikesomeoneelse.Theylookinthemirroranddon’tlikewhattheysee.Theyarealwaysinsearchofadifferentself!Learntofallinlovewithyourself.Learntovalueyourself.Ifyoudonotlikesomethingaboutyourself,whynotworkouttogettoyourideal(理想的)bodytype?Thisnotonlyincreasesyourconfidence,butyounolongerhavetowearthoseuglytopstohideyourstomach.Invest(投資)inselfimprovementcoursesifyouhaveto.LearntosayNo.Youdonothavetopresentyourselfforeverypartyorappointment.Giveyourselfspacetobreathe.Aswomen,wearetaughttotakecareofeveryoneelsebutourselves.Wegetwornoutraisingourfamiliesandbalancingourprivateliveswithourcareers,andrarelyhavetimeforourselves.Attheendoftheday,wearesowornout;everyoneelseishappybutus.Whenyouaretired,takeenoughtimetorest.Remember,youcannotpouroutofanemptycup.Everysooften,taketimetorefillyourcup.8.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorasateenager?ASheputonweighteasily.B.Shewaslaughedatbyothers.C.Shewasunsatisfiedwithherfigure.D.Shewasgoodatcontrollingherweight.9.Whatdoestheauthorlooklikenow?A.Slim. B.Black.C.Chubber. D.Roughskinned.10.Whatshouldpeopleunsatisfiedwiththemselvesdointheauthor’sopinion?A.Modelthemselvesonothers.B.Improvethemselvesifnecessary.C.parethemselveswithotherpeople.D.Acceptwhattheyareandbethemselves.11.Whatdoestheauthorargueabout?A.Womenshouldsayingnotoparties.B.Womenshouldlearntolovethemselves.C.Womenshouldbalancethelifeandwork.D.Womenshouldtakegoodcareoftheirfamily.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要介紹了作者在青少年時期對自己的體型不滿意,隨著年齡的增大,作者學會了愛自己?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“IremembermyteenyearswhenallIwantedwastoputonweight.(我記得我十幾歲的時候,我只想增加體重)”及“Iwouldadmirethechubbier(豐滿的)girlsandwishedtobelikethem.(我會羨慕那些胖乎乎的女孩,希望自己能像她們一樣)”可推知,作者十幾歲的時候,對自己的身材不滿意。故選C?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Growingup,IwasalwaysonthethinnersideandtryasIcould,Ineverseemedtoputonthekilos.(從小到大,我一直都很瘦,我盡我所能,但我似乎從來沒有增加過體重)”及第三段中的“Andyes,Ididputonthekilosyearslaterafterchildbirth,butIlostthematthegym,andIamhappywithmyself.(是的,在生完孩子幾年后,我確實增加了幾公斤,但我在健身房減掉了,我對自己很滿意)”可知,作者的體重沒有增加。由此可知,作者現(xiàn)在仍然是苗條的。故選A?!?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Learntofallinlovewithyourself.Learntovalueyourself.Ifyoudonotlikesomethingaboutyourself,whynotworkouttogettoyourideal(理想的)bodytype?Thisnotonlyincreasesyourconfidence,butyounolongerhavetowearthoseuglytopstohideyourstomach.(會愛上自己。學會珍惜自己。如果你不喜歡自己的某些方面,為什么不通過鍛煉達到理想的體型呢?這不僅能增加你的自信,而且你再也不用穿那些難看的上衣來掩蓋你的肚子了)”可知,在作者看來,對自己不滿意的人應該在必要時提高自己。故選B?!?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Today,I’mfortableinmyskin,andIhavelearnttheartofselflove.(今天,我很自在,也學會了自愛的藝術(shù))”及第四段中的“Learntofallinlovewithyourself.Learntovalueyourself.(會愛上自己。學會珍惜自己)”可推知,作者認為女人應該學會愛自己。。故選B。DGivingchildrenmusiclessonswon’tjustintroducethemtomusic—itcouldalsogreatlyimprovetheirlanguageskillsbutitisn’tunderstoodifthisisasideeffectofageneralimprovementofcognitive(認知的)skills,orsomethingthatdirectlyaffectslanguageprocessing.Now,wearegettingclosertoananswer,thankstoastudyof74Chinesekindergartenchildren,ledbyRobertDesimonefromMIT.Forthestudy,Desimone’steamchosechildrenfromtheChineseeducationsystem,withthesupportofeducationofficialswhowantedtoseehowitmightimprovetheirlearning.The4to5yearoldMandarinspeakingchildreninthestudyweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupreceiveda45minutepianolessonthreetimesaweek,whileanotherreceivedextrareadinginstructionclasses.Thethirdgroupactedascontrols,takingnoextralessonsbeyondtheirusualclasses.Theclasseslastedforsixmonths,afterwhichthechildrenweretestedontheirabilitytotellwordsbasedondifferencesintones,consonants(輔音),orvowels(元音).Thetestresultsshowedthatthechildrenwhohadtakenpianolessonsperformedbetterattellingthedifferencebetweenwordsthatdifferbyasingleconsonant,whenparedwiththechildrenwhotookextrareadinglessons.paredtothecontrolgroup,boththemusiclearnersandtheextrareadinggroupdidbetterintellingthedifferencebetweenwordsbasedonvoweldifferences.“Itlookslikeforrecognizingdifferencesbetweensounds,includingspeechsounds,ifsbetterthanextrareading.Thatmeansschoolscouldpaymoreattentiontomusic,”Desimonesays.“It’snotworsethangivingextrareadingtothechildren,whichisprobablywhatmanyschoolsaretryingtodo—getridofthearteducationandjusthavemorereading.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Learningmusic. B.TheChineseeducation.C.Astudyofchildren’sschooling. D.Improvementofcognitiveskills.13.Whatdidthethirdgrouplearninthestudy?A.Waystoimprovetheirstudy.B.Extralessonsaboutreadingtips.C.Threeextrapianolessonsaweek.D.Nothingelseexcepttheirusualstudies.14.Whichwasoneoftheresultsofthestudy?A.Learningmusicdeterminedkids’interestinstudy.B.Thepianoplayedakeypartinkids’learning.C.Childrentakingpianolessonsdidn’tperformwell.D.Theextrareadinggroupweregoodattellingvowels.15.WhatcanweconcludefromwhatDesimonesays?A.Manyschoolsvaluearteducation.B.Schoolswillincreasereadingclasses.C.Itisn’twisetocutbackonmusiclessons.D.Childrenwholearnmusicperformbetteratschool.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項研究表明,讓孩子上音樂課不僅會將他們引入旋律的世界,而且還會顯著提高他們的語言技能。學校不應該削減音樂課程,而應該更加關(guān)注音樂課程?!?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Givingchildrenmusiclessonswon’tjustintroducethemtomusic—itcouldalsogreatlyimprovetheirlanguageskillsbutitisn’tunderstoodifthisisasideeffectofageneralimprovementofcognitive(認知的)skills,orsomethingthatdirectlyaffectslanguageprocessing.(給孩子上音樂課不僅能讓他們接觸音樂,還能極大地提高他們的語言技能,但目前尚不清楚這是認知技能普遍提高的副作用,還是直接影響語言處理)”及劃線詞所在句“Forthestudy,Desimone’steamchosechildrenfromtheChineseeducationsystem,withthesupportofeducationofficialswhowantedtoseehowitmightimprovetheirlearning.(在這項研究中,Desimone的團隊選擇了來自中國教育系統(tǒng)的孩子,并得到了教育官員的支持,他們想知道它將如何提高他們的學習能力)”可推知,劃線“it”指代的是上文中的“學習音樂”,即學習音樂是如何提升學習的。故選A?!?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thethirdgroupactedascontrols,takingnoextralessonsbeyondtheirusualclasses.(第三組作為對照組,除了平時的課程外,沒有額外的課程)”可知,第三組除了平常的課程外,沒有額外的課程。故選D?!?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“paredtothecontrolgroup,boththemusiclearnersandtheextrareadinggroupdidbetterintellingthedifferencebetweenwordsbasedonvoweldifferences.(與對照組相比,音樂學習者和額外閱讀組在基于元音差異的單詞區(qū)分方面都做得更好)”可知,額外閱讀組擅長分辨元音。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Itlookslikeforrecognizingdifferencesbetweensounds,includingspeechsounds,ifsbetterthanextrareading.Thatmeansschoolscouldpaymoreattentiontomusic,”Desimonesays.“It’snotworsethangivingextrareadingtothechildren,whichisprobablywhatmanyschoolsaretryingtodo—getridofthearteducationandjusthavemorereading.”(“看起來,識別聲音之間的差異,包括語音,比額外的閱讀更好。這意味著學??梢愿雨P(guān)注音樂,”Desimone說。“這并不比給孩子們額外的閱讀更糟糕,這可能是許多學校正在嘗試做的事——取消藝術(shù)教育,只給他們更多的閱讀。”)”可知,在識別聲音之間的差異方面,包括語音,學習音樂比學習閱讀要好,但是許多學校正在努力取消藝術(shù)教育,增加閱讀。由此推知,Desimone認為減少音樂課是不明智的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分,滿分分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Meetingnewpeopleisagreatwaytoenrichyourexperiences,enlargeyoursocialcircle—orexchangeitforanewone.Mostofusarelookingtomakeregularfriendsandifpossible,true,soulfriends.____16____Identifyopportunities.Weletchancestomakefriendspassusbyeveryday.____17____Insteadofforcingalittlesmalltalkwithyourkindlyneighbours,asktheminforacupofteaandgettoknowthem...You’llbesurprisedbyhowmanypotentialfriendstherealreadyareinyourorbit.____18____Joiningagroup,cluborclassisaneffectivewaytomeetpeople.Pursueaskillyouareinterestedin,becausethenyouwillhaveagoodtimeandfeelmorefortabletostartaconversation.Allowyourselftobevulnerable(易受傷害的).____19____Whatifyourovertures(主動表示)arerefused?Adegreeofvulnerabilityisneededintryingtostartfriendships.Toputitplainly,keepingyourselftoyourselfisn’tgoingtohelpyou.Lettingothersinonplansissimplewaystoshare,whichwillhelpbuildclosenessandtrust.Usetechnologywisely.Socialmediacanbeofgreathelptomakefriends.Appscanbeagoodstartingpoint,ascanplatforms.____20____Themorewedependonapps,thelesspracticewehavewiththekindsofconversationsandexperiencesthatreallyallowustocreateclosefriendships.A.Followourinterests.B.Turntomunityforhelp.C.Herearesomewaystogetoutthere.DItcanbefrighteningtryingtomakefriends.E.Buttheydonotreplacepersonalmunication.F.They’reperfectwaysofenlargingyoursocialcircle.G.Havethecouragetotakesmallstepswhenopportunitiesarise.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文,主要講的是結(jié)交朋友的方法?!?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Mostofusarelookingtomakeregularfriendsandifpossible,true,soulfriends.(我們大多數(shù)人都想交普通的朋友,如果可能的話,真心的朋友)”可知,空格后介紹了幾種方法,故C選項“這里有一些方法可以讓你達到目標”符合語境,故選C?!?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Weletchancestomakefriendspassusbyeveryday.(我們每天都讓交朋友的機會溜走)”可知,說我們不該讓這樣的機會溜走,要采取行動,以及后文“Insteadofforcingalittlesmalltalkwithyourkindlyneighbors,asktheminforacupofteaandgettoknowthem...(不要強迫你善良的鄰居和你閑聊,而是請他們進來喝杯茶,了解他們……)”說的是具體可以采取的行動,故G選項“當機會來臨時,有勇氣邁出一小步”符合語境,故選G?!?8題詳解】空格處是本段的主題句,根據(jù)后文“Joiningagroup,cluborclassisaneffectivewaytomeetpeople.Pursueaskillyouareenthusiasticabout,becausethenyouwillhaveagoodtimeandfeelmoreateasestrikingupaconversation.(加入一個團體、俱樂部或班級是認識人的有效方式。追求一項你感興趣的技能,因為這樣你會有一段愉快的時光,在開始一段對話時也會感到更輕松)”可知,本段主要講的是要找到自己喜歡的事情,故A選項“跟隨你的興趣”符合語境,故選A?!?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Whatifyourovertures(主動表示)arerejected?(如果你的提議被拒絕了怎么辦?)”可知,空格處會說主動和人交朋友可能會害怕被人拒絕。故D選項“交朋友可能會讓人害怕?!狈险Z境,故選D?!?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Appscanbeagoodstartingpoint,ascanplatforms.(應用程序可以是一個很好的起點,社交平臺也一樣)”以及后文“Themorewerelyonapps,thelesspracticewehavewiththekindsofconversationsandexperiencesthatreallyallowustocreateclosefriendships.(我們越是依賴應用程序,我們在真正能讓我們建立親密友誼的對話和體驗方面的實踐就越少)”可知,空格處應說應用程序不能代替面對面的交流。故E選項“但它們不能取代個人互動”符合語境,故選E。第三部分語言運用(共四節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下而短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lastweek,IdrovetoJoe’sHardwaretogetafewitems.Uponreturningtomy___21___,Inoticedacatunderneathandbentdowntoinvestigate.Atthispoint,mywalletfelloff—butIdidn’tnoticeitwas___22___untilaboutanhourlater.IreturnedtotheHardware,asked___23___andtoremycarinsideout.Nothing.Ilostmywallet.Afterthisfactsankin,Iwasabouttocallthebankandhavethem___24___meanewcreditcardwhenalittlevoiceinsidemyheadsaid,“Whoa!___25___.Someonemusthavepickeditup.A(n)___26___citizen,justlikeyou.Whatwouldsheorhedo?”SoIheldbackandIwasgoingtogiveitaday.Then,earlythatevening,IwassurfingtheInternetforanew___27___whenIheardaknockonthedoor.TherewasamanwhoIdidnot___28___.Coulditbe?Afterweexchangedgreetings,he___29___memywallet.Hefounditintheparkinglot,thoughtofdroppingitoffatJoe’sHardwarebut___30___todriveoverandreturnit___31___.Hetoldmehis___32___,butIwasoverewithemotionandcannotbe100%sure.IthinkitwasDavid.Iofferedhimacashreward___33___herefused.Hewasjustaregularguydoingthe___34___thing.David,thankyousomuchforreturningmywalletandreinforcing(加強)my___35___thattherearesomegoodandhonestpeoplearound.21.A.car B.home C.bank D.shop22.A.broken B.empty C.stolen D.missing23.A.aloud B.outdoors C.around D.online24.A.loan B.send C.show D.pass25.A.eon B.Cheerup C.Slowdown D.Lookout26.A.average B.generous C.joyful D.capable27.A.cat B.wallet C.car D.card28.A.doubt B.admire C.recognize D.remember29.A.awarded B.found C.brought D.handed30.A.happened B.decided C.intended D.hesitated31.A.inperson B.atonce C.atlast D.inresponse32.A.age B.hobby C.name D.job33.A.or B.so C.and D.but34.A.easy B.right C.unusual D.typical35.A.belief B.idea C.purpose D.determination【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。作者丟失了錢包,本來想打給銀行讓他們寄一張新的信用卡,但是作者突然想到可能會有人撿到錢包并歸還。所以作者決定等一等。結(jié)果真的有人撿到了錢包并還給了作者,這讓作者相信世上還是好人多?!?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當我回到車上時,我注意到下面有只貓,我彎下腰去查看。A.car汽車;B.home家;C.bank銀行;D.shop商店。根據(jù)上文“Lastweek,IdrovetoJoe’sHardwaretogetafewitems.”和下文“Inoticedacatunderneathandbentdowntoinvestigate”可知,此處是指作者回到車上。故選A?!?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:就在這時,我的錢包掉了下來——但直到大約一小時后我才發(fā)現(xiàn)它不見了。A.broken破碎的;B.empty空的;C.stolen被偷的;D.missing失蹤的。根據(jù)后文“Nothing.Ilostmywallet.”可知,此處是指直到大約一小時后作者才發(fā)現(xiàn)錢包不見了。故選D?!?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我回到五金店,四處打聽,把我的車翻了個底朝天。A.aloud大聲地;B.outdoors在戶外;C.around周圍;D.online在網(wǎng)上。根據(jù)前文“asked”可知,作者的錢包不見了,所以作者四處打聽,askaround是固定搭配,意為“到處詢問”。故選C?!?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:當我意識到這一點后,我正準備打給銀行,讓他們寄給我一張新的信用卡,這時我腦海里有一個聲音說,“哇,等等”。A.loan借出;B.send送;C.show展示;D.pass通過。根據(jù)前文“callthebank”可知,此處是指作者打給銀行讓他們寄給作者一張新的信用卡。故選B?!?5題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:當我意識到這一點后,我正準備打給銀行,讓他們寄給我一張新的信用卡,這時我腦海里有一個聲音說,“哇,等等”。A.eon來吧,快點;B.Cheerup振作起來;C.Slowdown慢下來;D.Lookout當心。根據(jù)下段“SoIheldbackandIwasgoingtogiveitaday.”可知,此處是指慢一點,先等等,先不給銀行打。故選C?!?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:一個普通公民,就像你一樣。A.average普通的;B.generous大方的;C.joyful快樂的;D.capable能干的。根據(jù)后文“justlikeyou”可知,此處指大家都是普通公民。故選A?!?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:然后,那天晚上早些時候,我正在上網(wǎng)尋找一個新的錢包,這時我聽到了敲門聲。A.cat貓;B.wallet錢包;C.car汽車;D.card卡片。根據(jù)前文描述可知,因為作者錢包丟了,所以作者打算在網(wǎng)上買一個新的。故選B?!?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:有一個我不認識的人。A.doubt懷疑;B.admire欽佩;C.recognize認識;D.remember記得。根據(jù)“IthinkitwasDavid.”可知,此處是指有一個作者不認識的人。故選C?!?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在我們互相問候之后,他把我的錢包遞給了我。A.awarded頒獎;B.found發(fā)現(xiàn);C.brought帶來;D.handed遞給。根據(jù)“Afterweexchangedgreetings”和后文“Hefounditintheparkinglot”可知,此處是指在互相問候之后他把作者的錢包遞給了作者。故選D。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他在停車場發(fā)現(xiàn)了它,想把它送到喬的五金店,但決定開車過來親自歸還。A.happened發(fā)生;B.decided決定;C.intended意圖;D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)“Afterweexchangedgreetings,hehandedmemywallet.”可知,此處是指撿到作者錢包的人決定開車過來親自歸還。故選B。【31題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意:他在停車場發(fā)現(xiàn)了它,想把它送到喬的五金店,但決定開車過來親自歸還。A.inperson親自;B.atonce馬上;C.atlast最終;D.inresponse作為回應。根據(jù)前文“whenIheardaknockonthedoor.”可知,那人親自把作者的錢包送來了。故選A?!?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他告訴了我他的名字,但我情緒激動,不能百分百確定。A.age年齡;B.hobby愛好;C.name名字;D.job工作。根據(jù)“IthinkitwasDavid.”可知,他告訴了作者他的名字。故選C?!?3題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:我提出給他現(xiàn)金獎勵,但他拒絕了。A.or或者;B.so因此;C.and和;D.but但是。根據(jù)前后句意可知,此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,需用連詞but。故選D?!?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他只是一個做正確事情的普通人。A.easy簡單的;B.right正確的;C.unusual不尋常的;D.typical典型的。根據(jù)前一句“Iofferedhimacashreward______13______herefused.”可知,那人拒絕了作者的謝意;由此可知,他認為把作者的錢包還給作者是正確的。故選B?!?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:大衛(wèi),非常感謝你把我的錢包還給了我,讓我更加相信世界上還有善良誠實的人。A.belief信念;B.idea想法;C.purpose目的;D.determination決心。根據(jù)后文“therearesomegoodandhonestpeoplearound.”可知,大衛(wèi)把作者的錢包還給了作者,這讓作者更加相信世界上還有善良誠實的人。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThespreadofWesterneatinghabitsaroundtheworldisbadforhumanhealthandtheenvironment.ThesefindingsefromanewreportinthejournalNature.DavidTilman,aprofessorofecologyattheUniversityofMinnesota,America,examinedinformationfrom100countries____36____(identify)whatpeopleateand____37____dietaffectedhealth.Henotedamovementbeginninginthe1960s.Hefoundthatasnationsindustrialized(工業(yè)化),thepopulationincreasedandearningsrose,morepeoplebegantolookontheWesterndietas____38____(they)dailydiet.TheWesterndietishighinsugar,fat,oil____39____meat.By____40____(eat)thesefoods,peoplebegantogetfatterandsicker.DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareat____41____(great)riskofnoninfectiousdiseaseslikediabetes(糖尿病)andheartdisease.____42____(unfortunate)whenpeopleadoptthisWesterndiet,theyaregoingtohavethesehealthproblems,especiallyindevelopingcountriesinAsia.Chinais____43____examplewherethenumberofdiabetes____44____(case)hasbeenjumpingfromlessthanonepercentto10percentofthepopulationastheybegantoindustrializeovera20yearperiod.Andthat_____45_____(happen)allacrosstheworld,inMexico,inNigeriaandsoon.【答案】36.toidentify37.how38.their39.and40.eating41.greater42.Unfortunately43.an44.cases45.ishappening【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了西方飲食習慣在世界各地尤其發(fā)展中國家的傳播及其對這些國家人民健康和環(huán)境都是不利的?!?6題詳

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