全國統(tǒng)一高考英語試卷含答案

普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國卷III)英語注意事項:1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inthepostoffice. C.Inthestreet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdidCarldo?A.Hedesignedamedal. B.HefixedaTVset. C.Hetookatest.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題。解析略。3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemando?A.He’satailor. B.He’sawaiter. C.He’sashopassistant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At18:20. B.At18:35. C.At18:50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?A.Bydeletingunnecessarywords.B.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.C.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhatdoesBilloftendoonFridaynight?A.Visithisparents. B.Gotothemovies. C.WalkalongBroadway.7.Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?A.Bill. B.Aarah. C.Bill’sparents.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?A.Toinvitehimtoaparty.B.Todiscussaschedule.C.Tocalloffameeting.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyarecolleagues.B.Theyareclosefriends.C.They’venevermetbefore.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?A.ATVcamera.B.Avideocamera.C.Amoviecamera.11.Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Underwaterfilming.B.Alargememory.C.Auto-focus.12.Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A.950euros.B.650euros.C.470euros.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhoisClifford?A.Alittlegirl.B.Theman’spet.C.Afictionalcharacter.14.WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren’sbooks?A.Hiswife.B.Elizabeth.C.Apublisher.15.WhatisNorman’sstorybasedon?A.Abook.B.Apainting.C.Ayoungwoman.16.WhatisitthatshockedNorman?A.Hisunexpectedsuccess.B.Hiseffortsmadeinvain.C.Hiseditor’sdisagreement.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Relatives.B.Strangers.C.Visitors.18.Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A.Toexpressopinions.B.Toavoidarguments.C.Toshowfriendliness.19.Whichofthefollowingisafrequenttopicinsmalltalk?A.Politics.B.Movies.C.Salaries.20.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendattheendofhislecture?A.Askingopen-endedquestions.B.Feelingfreetochangetopics.C.Makingsmalltalkinteresting.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AJourneyBackinTimewithScholarsClassicalProvence(13days)JourneythroughthebeautifulcountrysideofProvence，F(xiàn)rance，withProf.OriZ.Soltes.Wewillvisitsomeofthebest-preservedRomanmonumentsintheworld.OurtouralsoincludesachancetowalkinthefootstepsofVanGoghandGauguin.Fieldsofflowers,tile-roofed(瓦屋頂)villagesandtastymealsenrichthiswonderfulexperience.SouthernSpain(15days)Spainhaslovelywhitetownsandthescent(芳香)oforanges，butitisalsoatreasuryofancientremainsincludingthecitiesleftbytheGreeks，RomansandArabs.AswetravelsouthfromMadridwithProf.RonaldMessiertohistoricToledo，RomanMeridaandintoAndalucia,weexplorehistoricalmonumentsandarchitecture.China’sSacredLandscapes(21days)DiscovertheChinaof”pastages，itswalledcities，templesandmountainscenerywithProf.RobertThorp.Highlights(精彩之處)includeChina’smostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzbou’srollinghills，waterwaysandpeacefultemples.WewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithanexceptionalmuseuminShanghai.Tunisia(17days)JoinProf.PedarFossonourin-depthTunisiantour.TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga，theundergroundNumidiancapitalatBullaRegia,RomanSbeitlaandtheremoteareasaroundTataouineandMatmata，uiqueforundergroundcities.OurjourneytakesustopicturesqueBerbervillagesandlovelybeaches.21.WhatcanvisitorsseeinbothClassicalProvenceandSouthernSpain？A.Historicalmonuments. B.Fieldsofflowers.C.VanGogh’spaintings. D.Greekbuildings.22.WhichcountryisProf.Thorpmostknowledgeableabout？A.France. B.Spain. C.China. D.Tunisia.23.WhichofthefollowinghighlighttheTunisiantour？A.Whitetowns. B.Undergroundcities. C.Tile-roofedvillages. D.Rollinghills.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個國家中，那些可以讓人們回顧過去的著名景點?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分的Wewillvisitsomeofthebest-preservedRomanmonumentsintheworld.(我們將參觀一些世界上保存最完好的羅馬建筑遺跡)和第二部分的weexplorehistoricalmonumentsandarchitecture.(我們探索歷史遺跡和建筑)可知，在ClassicalProvence和SouthernSpain游客們可以參觀歷史遺跡。A.Historicalmonuments（歷史遺跡）符合以上說法，故選A項?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三部分的China'sSacredLandscapes(21days)(中華神山21天)和DiscovertheChinaof''pastages'',itswalledcities,templesandmountainscenerywithProfRobertThorp.HighlightsincludeChina'smostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzhou'srollinghills,waterwaysandpeacefultemples(和Robert教授一起發(fā)現(xiàn)中國的過去，有墻的城市、寺廟和山景。精彩之處包括中國最神圣的泰山之巔，杭州起伏的群山、運河和寧靜的寺廟)可知，去中國的神山之行總共有27天，而且Thorp對中國的名山非常了解。由此推測Thorp在這四個國家里最了解中國。C.China(中國)符合以上說法，故選C項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四部分的TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga,theundergroundMumidiancapitalatBullaRegia,RomanSbeitlaandtheremoteareasaroundTaraounineandMatmata,uniqueforundergroundcities.(突尼斯的旅游亮點包括羅馬城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是BullaRegia的首府，RomanSbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的區(qū)域，它們是獨特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮點是地下城市。B.Undergroundcities(地下城市)符合以上說法，故選B項。BWhen“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclastmonth,agroupofexcitedanimalactivistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheyweren’ttheretothrowredpaintonfur-coat-wearingfilmstars.Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:“Thanksfornotusingrealapes(猿)!”Thecreativeteambehind“Apes”usedmotion-capture(動作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatIrecordsanactor’sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(圖像).Inthiscase,oneofarealistic-lookingape.Yet“Apes”ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentoranimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants,”“TheHangoverPartⅡ”and“Zookeeper,”havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven’tbeentreatedproperly.Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheSates.24.WhydidtheanimalactivistsgatheronHollywoodBoulevard?A.Toseefamousfilmstars.B.Toopposewearingfurcoats.CToraisemoneyforanimalprotection.D.Toexpressthankstosomefilmmakers.25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thecostofmaking“Apes.”B.Thecreationofdigitalizedapes.C.Thepublicityabout“Apes.”D.Theperformanceofrealapes.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“keepingtabson”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Listingcompletely.B.Directingprofessionally.C.Promotingsuccessfully.D.Watchingcarefully.27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutanimalactors?A.Theymaybebadlytreated.B.Theyshouldtakefurthertraining.C.TheycouldbetradedillegallyD.Theywouldlosepopularity.【答案】24.D25.B26.D27.A【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了電影“猩球崛起”上個月首次與公眾見面。動物愛好者聚集在好萊塢前，感謝電影制作者，在電影拍攝時，沒有使用真的類人猿?，F(xiàn)在的動物拍攝使用的是數(shù)字化人猿的創(chuàng)造技術(shù)，而一些電影的拍攝卻存在著虐地動物的現(xiàn)象，這讓一個非盈利的組織密切關(guān)注此事。但有些拍攝也是不能夠被監(jiān)測到的。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:“Thanksfornotusingrealapes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活動人士來到現(xiàn)場，手里拿著一塊牌子，稱贊電影制作人:“感謝你們不用真正的猿猴。所以動物保護者聚集在好萊塢大道是為了向電影制作者表示感謝。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thecreativeteambehind"Apes"usedmotion-capture(動作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatIrecordsanactor’sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(圖像).”可知，“人猿”背后的創(chuàng)作團隊利用動作捕捉技術(shù)創(chuàng)造數(shù)字化的動物，在記錄演員表演的技術(shù)上，花費數(shù)千萬美元，然后用電腦圖形處理，以產(chǎn)生最終的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是關(guān)于數(shù)字化人猿的創(chuàng)造。故選B項?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段劃線前的句子“Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentoranimalsinfilmedentertainment”（一個非營利組織，監(jiān)控動物在電影娛樂中的待遇）以及下文Already,anumberoffilms,including"WaterforElephants,""TheHangoverPartⅡ"and"Zookeeper,"havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven’tbeentreatedproperly.（許多電影,包括“大象的眼淚”,“宿醉Ⅱ”和“管理員”,引起了動物保護人士的憤怒，他們說影片中的動物沒有遭到很好的對待。）由此可知，其中一家監(jiān)控動物待遇的非營利組織，今年正密切關(guān)注著2000多部影片。由此判斷出，劃線詞的意思是“密切關(guān)注”。故選D項。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheSates.”（在某些情況下，讓活動人士擔(dān)心的并不是電影棚里對動物的待遇;讓人擔(dān)憂的是訓(xùn)練和生活條件。還有一些關(guān)于在美國以外拍攝的電影的問題，這些電影有時不像在美國拍攝的電影那樣受到嚴(yán)密的監(jiān)控。）可知，在某些情況下，讓活動人士擔(dān)心的并不是工作室里動物的待遇;令人擔(dān)憂的是訓(xùn)練和生活條件。由此判斷出動物演員可能受到虐待。故選A項。CWiththeyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨)morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law,shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingatahouse,”saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit’sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.”It’shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2002to419,000in2013.Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband’sfamilywhentheygetmarried.28.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?A.Nick. B.Rita. C.Kathryn D.Thedaughters.29.WhatisNick’sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?A.Positive. B.Carefree. C.Tolerant. D.Unwilling.30.Whatistheauthor’sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?A.Familytraditions. B.Financialreports. C.Publishedstatistics. D.Publicopinions.31Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Lifestylesindifferentcountries. B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.C.AhousingprobleminBritain. D.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了在英國，由于年輕人負(fù)擔(dān)不起離家的費用，而老年人又面臨著被孤立的風(fēng)險，越來越多的家庭選擇住在一起，出現(xiàn)了多世同堂的現(xiàn)象?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.”可知，但Rita在一樓有自己的廚房、浴室、臥室和客廳。由此可知，Rita在布里斯托爾的維多利亞式住宅中使用一樓。故選B項?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“從我的角度來看，一切都很順利。我推薦它嗎?是的，我想我會推薦在一起居住的?！庇纱伺袛喑觯峥藢秃驮滥负献》孔拥膽B(tài)度是積極的。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2002to419,000in2013.”官方報告顯示，三代同堂的家庭數(shù)量從2002年的32.5萬戶增加到2013年的41.9萬戶。根據(jù)第七段“Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.”可知，據(jù)說，25-34歲的年輕人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年這一比例為16%。據(jù)估計，英國多代同堂的家庭總數(shù)約為180萬。由此可知，作者關(guān)于多世同堂家庭的論述基于發(fā)布的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一段“Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.”可知，由于年輕人負(fù)擔(dān)不起離家的費用，而老年人又面臨著被孤立的風(fēng)險，越來越多的家庭選擇住在一起。所以短文主要是關(guān)于英國生活方式的一種上升趨勢。故選D項。DWearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsofyearsago.Asscientistslookdeeperintoourgenes(基因),theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthepastfewthousandyears.PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedtolivingathighaltitudes.Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation(突變)thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindofadaptation-nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobetterdivers.TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinthehundredsofthousandsinIndonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines.Theyhavetraditionallylivedonhouseboats;inrecenttimes,they’vealsobuilthousesonstilts(支柱)incoastalwaters.“Theyaresimplyastrangertotheland,”saidRedneyC.Jubilado,aUniversityofHawaiiresearcherwhostudiestheBajau.Dr.JubiladofirstmettheBajauwhilegrowinguponSamalIslandinthePhilippines.Theymadealivingasdivers,spearfishingorharvestingshellfish.“Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders,”Dr.Jubiladosaid.“Icouldseethemactuallywalkingunderthesea.”In201,MelissaIlardo,thenagraduatestudentingeneticsattheUniversityofCopenhagen,heardabouttheBajau.Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtotheevolutionofphysicalcharacteristicsthatmadethetaskeasierforthem.“itseemedliketheperfectchancefornaturalselectiontoactonapopulation,”saidDr.Ilardo.ShealsosaidtherewerelikelyanumberofothergenesthathelptheBajaudive.32.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph1?A.Environmentaladaptationofcattleraisers. B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.C.Recentfindingsofhumanorigin. D.Significanceoffoodselection.33.WheredotheBajaubuildtheirhouses?A.Invalleys. B.Nearrivers. C.Onthebeach. D.Offthecoast.34.WhywastheyoungJubiladoastonishedattheBajau?A.Theycouldwalkonstiltsallday. B.Theyhadasuperbwayoffishing.C.Theycouldstaylongunderwater. D.Theylivedonbothlandandwater.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BodiesRemodeledforaLifeatSea B.Highlanders’SurvivalSkillsC.BasicMethodsofGeneticResearch D.TheWorld’sBestDivers【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。最近一項對人類基因的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類的進化不僅僅發(fā)生在數(shù)十億年前，而且最近幾千年也有。Bajau人因為靠海為生，他們的身體已經(jīng)進化成更能適應(yīng)海洋生活。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsofyearsago.Asscientistslookdeeperintoourgenes,theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthepastfewthousandyears.(我們是進化的產(chǎn)物，而且不僅僅是數(shù)十億年前的產(chǎn)物。當(dāng)科學(xué)家更深入的研究我們的基因時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了人類在過去幾千年進化的例子)可知，作者列舉第一段的例子是為了告訴我們關(guān)于人類進化的一個新信息，那就是人類在最近幾千年也在進化。B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.(人類進化的新知識)符合以上說法，故選B項。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinhundredsofthousandsinIndonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines.Theyhavetraditionallyliveonhouseboats;inrecenttimes,they'vealsobuilthousesonstiltsincoastalwaters.(這些人被稱為Bajau，在印度尼西亞、馬來西亞和菲律賓有數(shù)十萬人。他們一直住在船屋上；最近他們也把房子建在沿海水域的吊腳樓上)可知，Bajau把房子建在沿海區(qū)域。D.Offthecoast.(沿海)符合以上說法，故選D項?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders.(我們很驚訝，他們在水下待的時間比我們當(dāng)?shù)氐膷u民要長的多)可知，讓Jubilado感到吃驚的是Bajau人能在水下待更長的時間。C.Theycouldstaylongunderwater.(他們能在水下待很長時間)符合以上說法，故選C項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段的OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindofadaption-nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.(周四，在《細(xì)胞》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇文章中，一群研究人員報道了一種新的適應(yīng)——不是空氣也不是食物，而是海洋)可知，本文主要講述了一種新的進化，即長期生活在海邊，靠海為生的生活方式，讓Bajau人的身體進化成更適應(yīng)海洋生活。A.BodiesRemodeledforaLifeatSea.(身體為適應(yīng)海洋生活而重塑)可以作為本文標(biāo)題，故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.___36___Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefulpresents.___37___Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.___38___Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn’talotoffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.___39___Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.___40___Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.A.Thisisn’tusualthough.B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.【答案】36.E37.B38.C39.A40.G【解析】本文是說明文，介紹了喬遷聚會的目的，禮物的選取，活動安排和名稱的由來?！?6題詳解】上句Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.(這個聚會是朋友和家人祝賀新家的機會)。介紹慶祝喬遷之喜的聚會是親戚朋友祝賀搬新家的人的一次機會，下句Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.(現(xiàn)在是時候用愛和希望的禮物來填補新家了)。介紹這也是給新家裝滿愛和希望禮物的好時機。E項：它也給了人們一次看看新家什么樣的機會。與上下句并列，都是慶祝喬遷之喜聚會的目的，故選E?！?7題詳解】下文Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.和likeapieceofartoraplant.列舉了參加聚會所帶禮物的清單，可以是廚房工具、窗簾、藝術(shù)品或綠植。這些都和參加聚會帶禮物有關(guān)，B項：帶禮物去參加喬遷派對是一種傳統(tǒng)，概括了本段內(nèi)容，引出下文，故選B?！?8題詳解】本段介紹了聚會的活動安排，根據(jù)后文Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.(這一點通常是值得贊賞的，因為在喬遷派對上不會提供很多食物)。指出因為新搬家，所以主人不會準(zhǔn)備太豐盛的食物或太多的活動。那么本句是在建議你可以帶上自己的食物或飲料與其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不會準(zhǔn)備太豐盛的食物或太多的活動。C項：你也可以帶上食物或飲料與其他客人分享。故選C?！?9題詳解】本段提到在喬遷聚會上人們會聚餐，主人帶領(lǐng)客人參觀新家。上句提到，由于喬遷聚會是在搬進新家后不久舉行的，人們可能會被要求幫助打開箱子。根據(jù)常識可知在喬遷聚會上讓客人們幫忙干活是不常見的，A項：但這并不常見。表達(dá)了此意，與上文銜接，故選A。【40題詳解】上句介紹了喬遷聚會名稱的由來，根據(jù)bringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.可知人們會帶柴火作為禮物，那么本空承接上文說明了帶柴火的目的和作用。G項：這樣人們就可以在冬天的時候保持家里溫暖。符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Assbusinesswoman,Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection,___41___canalsodriveyoumad.They’llcomerushingin,___42___theirhandbag’sbeenstolen.They’ll___43___thattheyleftitinthechangingroom,createhavoe(混亂)andthen___44___ithadbeenintheircarallthetime.They’llhaveouthalfthe___45___intheshop,andwanttheonlystyleyoudon’thaveleftina___46___colour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeep___47___.Irememberthefirstreally___48___customerwehadatCoventGarden.Shewas___49___absolutelyeverything,nothingwasrightandIwasrather____50____thatshebecamea“regular”.Afterawhile,she____51____forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflat____52____,andsinceshe’dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(應(yīng)對),she’dtakenitouton____53____people.Thattaughtmeavaluable____54____andIpassitontothepeoplewho____55____inthemarket.Don’ttakeit____56____.Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult,justthink“Maybeshe’shadarowwithherhusband.Maybeherchild’snot____57____.”Alwayswateritdownanddon’tletyourego(自我)get____58____.Ifyoudo,youwon’tbeableto____59____itandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat____60____everyone’sday.41.A.shopkeepers B.customers C.salespersons D.receptionists42.A.saying B.pretending C.guessing D.replying43.A.agree B.promise C.imagine D.swear44.A.forget B.decide C.discover D.assume45.A.foods B.catalogues C.belongings D.goods46.A.particular B.different C.matching D.natural47.A.fighting B.smiling C.waiting D.changing48.A.generous B.polite C.careless D.difficult49.A.curiousabout B.displeasedwith C.patientwith D.uncertainabout50.A.relaxed B.delighted C.surprised D.embarrassed51.A.searched B.argued C.prayed D.apologized52.A.bychance B.byherself C.onpurpose D.onduty53.A.rude B.such C.other D.lonely54.A.lesson B.trick C.skill D.trade55.A.work B.shop C.meet D.quarrel56.A.kindly B.secretly C.personally D.casually57.A.ready B.away C.up D.well58.A.outofsight B.intheway C.behindthescene D.abovethelaw59.A.stress B.expect C.handle D.blame60.A.ruins B.makes C.starts D.saves【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.D46.A47.B48.D49.B50.C51.D52.B53.C54.A55.A56.C57.D58.B59.C60.A【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者是一位生意人，遇到過各種各樣讓人抓狂的顧客，而有一個難纏的顧客，一開始對每件事都不滿意，結(jié)果居然成了常客。最后顧客告訴作者，是因為自己和丈夫分居了，于是把氣撒到其他人身上，這讓作者學(xué)到了寶貴的一課，那就是要學(xué)會淡化和難纏顧客之間的矛盾，不然當(dāng)事情發(fā)展成不愉快的場面時，結(jié)果只會毀了每個人的一天?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但就像任何一個你喜歡的人一樣，顧客也會讓你抓狂。A.shopkeepers店主；B.customers顧客；C.salespersons售貨員；D.receptionist接待員。根據(jù)上文Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers可知作者是生意人，因此此處指的是顧客讓自己抓狂。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會沖進來，說手提包被偷了。A.saying說；B.pretending假裝；C.guessing猜測；D.replying回答。結(jié)合后文theirhandbag’sbeenstolen可知此處是指說的內(nèi)容應(yīng)用say。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會發(fā)誓說他們把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一團糟，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)它一直在他們的車?yán)?。A.agree同意；B.promise承諾；C.imagine想象；D.swear發(fā)誓。顧客沖進作者的店里，信誓旦旦地說自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會發(fā)誓說他們把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一團糟，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)它一直在他們的車?yán)?。A.forget忘記；B.decide決定；C.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.assume假設(shè)。結(jié)合后文ithadbeenintheircarallthetime可知顧客一開始說包忘在了更衣室，結(jié)果最后發(fā)現(xiàn)包一直在他們自己的車?yán)?。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會試用商店里一半的商品，只想要一種你沒有那種特別顏色的存貨。A.foods食物；B.catalogues目錄；C.belongings所有物；D.goods商品。結(jié)合后文intheshops可知此處指的是商店里的商品。其它選項不符合語境。故選D。【46題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會試用商店里一半的商品，只想要一種你沒有那種特別顏色的存貨。A.particular特別的；B.different不同的；C.matching相配的；D.natural自然的。結(jié)合上文theonlystyleyoudon'thaveleftina可知顧客試了店里一半的商品，結(jié)果想要的只是那種有特別顏色（particular）沒有存貨的款式。其它選項帶入不符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道店員會有多沮喪，但我努力說服他們保持微笑。A.fighting打架；B.smiling微笑；C.waiting等待；D.changing改變。結(jié)合上文可知，一些顧客有一些很無厘頭的要求和行為，面對這種情況，雖然店員會很沮喪，“但是”一詞邊是轉(zhuǎn)折，與“沮喪”一詞情感色彩相反，結(jié)合選項，B項“微笑”符合句意。故選B。【48題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得我們在CoventGarden遇到的第一個難纏的顧客。A.generous慷慨的；B.polite禮貌的；C.careless粗心的；D.difficult難纏的，困難的。結(jié)合后文nothingwasright可知這位顧客對一切都不滿，很難纏。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她對每件事都很不滿意，沒有什么是對的，令我相當(dāng)驚訝的是，她居然成了“常客”。A.curiousabout好奇；B.displeasedwith對……不滿意；C.patientwith對……有耐心；D.uncertainabout對……不能肯定。結(jié)合后文nothingwasright可知這個顧客對一切都不滿意。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她對每件事都很不滿意，沒有什么是對，令我相當(dāng)驚訝的是，她居然成了“?？汀?。A.relaxed放松的；B.delighted高興的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。結(jié)合上下文可知這位顧客對每件事都不滿意，但是居然成了“?？汀?，這讓作者感到很驚訝才對。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，她為自己一開始的行為道歉。A.searched搜索；B.argued爭論；C.prayed祈禱；D.apologized道歉。顧客一開始很難纏，對一切都不滿，結(jié)果后來成了?？?，她開始為自己一開始的行為道歉。apologizefor“為某事道歉”。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，現(xiàn)在一個人住在一套公寓里，因為她覺得實在難以應(yīng)付，就把氣撒在別人身上。A.bychance偶然；B.byherself她獨自地；C.onpurpose故意地；D.onduty值班。結(jié)合上文Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflat可知女顧客和丈夫分居了，因此現(xiàn)在是獨自住在一套公寓里。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，現(xiàn)在一個人住在一套公寓里，因為她覺得實在難以應(yīng)付，就把氣撒在別人身上。A.rude粗魯?shù)?；B.such這樣的；C.other其他的；D.lonely寂寞的。結(jié)合上文sinceshe'dfoundittoomuchtocopewith,she'dtakenitouton可知她難以應(yīng)付這樣壓力，于是決定把氣撒在其他人身上。otherpeople“其他人”。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這給我上了寶貴的一課，我把它傳授給了在市場上工作的人。A.lesson課程，教訓(xùn)；B.trick詭計；C.skill技能；D.trade貿(mào)易。結(jié)合后文作者的感悟，可知這件事讓作者學(xué)到了寶貴的一課。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這給我上了寶貴的一課，我把它傳授給了在市場上工作的人。A.work工作；B.shop購物；C.meet會面；D.quarrel爭吵。結(jié)合后文inthemarket可知是指在市場上工作的人。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：別太在意。A.kindly親切地；B.secretly秘密地；C.personally親自地；D.casually隨便地。結(jié)合后文作者指出不要讓自我妨礙了你，要淡化這種情緒可知此處作者想說的是不要太在意這些事。短語takeitpersonally“在意，把這些放在心上”。故選C。【57題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：也許她的孩子不太好。A.ready迅速地；B.away離開；C.up向上；D.well好地。根據(jù)上文Maybeshe’shadarowwithherhusband可知此處列舉的是顧客家中有不好的事情發(fā)生的情況。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要讓你的自我妨礙你。A.outofsight看不見；B.intheway妨礙，擋道；C.behindthescene幕后；D.abovethelaw凌駕于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意這些顧客，要淡化這種不好的情緒，不要讓自己的自我妨礙了自己。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你這樣做了，你將無法處理它，整個事情發(fā)展成一個不愉快的場面，毀了每個人的一天。A.stress強調(diào)；B.expect期待；C.handle處理；D.blame責(zé)備。結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容主要是在說明如何處理粗魯難纏的顧客的問題。故選C。【60題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你這樣做了，你將無法處理它，整個事情發(fā)展成一個不愉快的場面，毀了每個人的一天。A.ruins毀滅；B.makes制作；C.starts開始；D.saves拯救。結(jié)合上文thewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat可知一