2023學(xué)年完整公開(kāi)課版grammar動(dòng)詞不定式

Grammar&usageto-infinitiveFigureoutthemeaningsoftheproverbsandtheusageoftheunderlinedpart.Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.Itiseasiertogetmoneythantokeepit.Eattolive,butnotlivetoeat.什么都知道一如什么都不知道。掙錢(qián)容易，攢錢(qián)難。吃飯是為了生活，但活著不是為了吃飯。I.Theto-infinitivecanbe1.subjectofasentenceToseeistobelieve.百聞不如一見(jiàn)。了解英語(yǔ)是一回事，會(huì)英語(yǔ)是另一回事。__________somethingaboutEnglishisonething;__________Englishisquiteanother.先制定個(gè)計(jì)劃是個(gè)好主意。________aplanfirstisagoodidea.ToknowtoknowTomake學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很難。________________isdifficult.=Itisdifficult______________.再見(jiàn)到你真高興。It’sagreatpleasuretoseeyouagain.TostudyEnglishwelltostudyEnglishwellPracticeTip:動(dòng)詞不定式和不定式短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis+形容詞或名詞（或詞組）+不定式短語(yǔ)…。這時(shí)的形容詞常為easy,difficult,hard,good,useful,wrong,right,necessary,impossible,important等。名詞或詞組常為afact,agreatday,agreatthing,apity等。固定結(jié)構(gòu)Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth….(做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間)。如：他花了5個(gè)月的時(shí)間學(xué)開(kāi)車(chē)。

Ittookhimfivemonthstolearntodrive.2.objectWehopetoknowaboutthetruth.Indians___________hotfood.(喜歡吃)

They______________amap.(需要看)liketoeatneedtolookat我不知道如何用電腦。

Idon’tknowhowtouseacomputer.

Wehaven’tdecided______________.

(什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始）Theywondered

_______________________________．(邀請(qǐng)誰(shuí)參加他們的聚會(huì))whentostartwhomtoinvitetotheirparty1.Icouldn’tdecide__________________.(買(mǎi)哪輛自行車(chē))2.Askhim____________.(什么時(shí)候把它打開(kāi))3.Itoldher_____________.(怎么找到我)whichbicycletobuywhentoopenithowtofindmeIfinditeasytolearnEnglishwell.我認(rèn)為和他相處很難．老師認(rèn)為參加這個(gè)講座很有必要．他發(fā)現(xiàn)乘車(chē)旅行很方便．Ifeelithardtogetalongwithhim.Theteacherthinksitnecessarytoattendthelecture.Hefounditconvenienttotravelinacar.Tip英語(yǔ)中能以不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見(jiàn)的有afford,decide,expect,hope,learn,疑問(wèn)詞+帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。want,offer等．這些疑問(wèn)詞是who,what,when,where,which,how等。和這結(jié)構(gòu)連用的動(dòng)詞（詞組）有findout,decide,know,tell,forget,understand,wonder等。

find等動(dòng)詞＋it+todosth.it用做形式賓語(yǔ)．

3.objectcomplement1)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞（詞組）有ask,teach,tell,want,like,askfor,waitfor,advise,invite,have,warn,wish,get等。如：Whotaughtyoutoplaythepiano?Hetoldmenottobringyouanything.2)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。用于這結(jié)構(gòu)的是使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞，如feel,hear,listento,see,lookat,watch,notice,let,make,have等。這些動(dòng)詞后賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不用to;在動(dòng)詞help后的不定式賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，to可有可無(wú)。如：我們看男孩子們踢足球。Wewatchedtheboysplayfootball.Itwasrainingheavilyoutside.Thefathermade_________________(讓孩子們呆在房間里）intheroom.thechildrenstayTip:hear,listento,see,lookat,watch,notice,make,have等在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)必須加上to;let不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：--IsawBettygotoGrandpaZhang’shomejustnow.--Yes,sheisoftenseentohelptheoldmanwithhishousework.4.attribute動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面，與被修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如：Everydayhemadeoneofthesmalleranimalsbringhimsomethingtoeat.此外，不定式還可用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no,all,any等限定的中心詞。他是第一個(gè)飛越大西洋的人。HewasthefirstmantoflyacrosstheAtlantic.Columbuswasthefirst_____theNewContinent.tohavediscoveredtodiscoverdiscoveringhavingdiscoveredthefirst/next/last/best這樣的詞語(yǔ)時(shí),后面用todo.5.predicative動(dòng)詞不定式用在連系動(dòng)詞后，作表語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞有be,seem等。常見(jiàn)句型：主語(yǔ)+be+todosth.Itseemstobeaninterestingbook.我的工作是幫助病人。Myjobistohelpthepatient.What’smore…1.Whynot,Willyouplease,You’dbetter,wouldrather,let后不用to,直接跟動(dòng)詞原形。Youlookrathertired.Whynot_______(stop)totakearest?Willyouplease_____(turn)itdown?It’stoonoisy.stopturn你最好騎車(chē)去學(xué)校。You’dbettergotoschoolbybike.________________________(我寧愿待在家里),doingnothingthangotothepartywithhim.Iwouldratherstayathome2.and,but*,or,except后。Hewantstodonothingbut___(go)out.Hewantstobelieveanythingbut________(take)themedicine.gototake動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式Hetoldmenottogothere.Youhadbe