江蘇專版2023-2024學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3Fitforlife素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練一牛津譯林版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練（一）Ⅰ.閱讀理解[2023·河北石家莊統(tǒng)考期末]ABournemouthinDorsethasalwaysbeenmyfavouriteseasidetown.WhenIwasgrowingup,MumandDaddidn'thavemuchmoney,butthey'dsavedenoughforafewdaysinBournemouth.Iwasfouryearsoldatthetime.Idon'tactuallyremembermuchaboutthetrip,apartfrombeingdevastatedwhenwehadtoleave.MumsaidIfellinlovewiththeplaceandinsistedonwavinggoodbyetotheseawhenitwastimetogo.SoIgrewupbelievingBournemouthwasawonderfulplace.Fortyyearson,mywifeandIreturnedforaweek'sbreak.Iwasnervous,wonderingifI'dbeabletobringbackthatdelightI'dfeltasachild.Ineedn'thaveworried.Wehadafantastictime.IthelpedthattheBritishweatherhaddecidedtoprovideuswithhightemperaturesandplentyofsun.ButitwasBournemouththatkeptmespellbound（入迷）,makingmefeellikeachildagain.Bournemouthanditsneighbour,Boscombe,arealwaysbusy,alivewithchatter,musicandotherlivelysounds.ButaswesteppedintoBoscombeChineGardens,allthenoisefadedaway.Asenseofpeacespreadthroughusaswewalkedalongthepaths,delightinginthesquirrelsclimbingupanddownthetreesandthebrightcoloursoftheprettyplants.Onemorning,wemadeashorttriptoPooleQuayandtooktheferrytoBrownseaIsland.OwnedbytheNationalTrust,it'safeastfortheeyes,fromitsmockTudorentrance,tothemanypeacockswalkingaround,tothemagnificentviewsofthesunsparklingontheshiningwatersandboatsbobbingupanddown,seenfromtheisland'shighestpoint.Beforeweknewit,itwastimetoreturnhome—butnotbeforewavinggoodbyetothesea.1.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“devastated”underlinedinParagraph1?A.Excited. B.Upset. C.Surprised. D.Embarrassed.2.Whatmadetheauthorfeelnervous?A.Thefearoflosingchildhoodmemories.B.Theadjustmenttothenewcircumstances.C.Theuncertaintyofrecallingchildhooddelight.D.Theexposuretohightemperaturesandsunshine.3.WhatdoestheauthorthinkaboutBoscombeChineGardens?A.Itfeaturesseasideviews. B.Itisfreeofthetown'snoise.C.Itbelongstothosewildanimals. D.Itremindshimofhischildhood.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.SayinggoodbyetoBournemouth. B.Workinginawonderfulplace.C.Anunforgettablechildhoodstory. D.Revisitingachildhoodfavourite.BForyears,doctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.These“transfusions（輸血）”usuallyinvolvegivingredbloodcellstopatients.Bloodtransfusionsaren'tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.Thereareseveraldifferentbloodtypes,andtheydon'tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.AnewtrialisbeingcarriedoutintheUnitedKingdom.What'snewintheexperimentisthatpeoplearebeinggivenredbloodcellsthatwerecreatedinalaboratory.Thescientistsusedstemcellsfromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.Sotheredbloodcellsintheexperimentneveractuallyexistedinsideanyone.Thereareseveralreasonswhythiscouldbeevenbetterthanaregularbloodtransfusion.Foronething,theredbloodcellsthatarecreatedcanbeadjustedforpeoplewithdifferentbloodtypes.Thatwillbeextremelyhelpfulforpeoplewithrarebloodtypes.Also,theredbloodcellscreatedarebrandnew,meaningtheylastlonger.Redbloodcellsliveforabout120days.Anormaltransfusionhasredbloodcellsofalldifferentages.Thatmeansonlyapartofthemarebrandnew.Ifthelab-createdredbloodcellslastlonger,itcouldmeanthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.Totestthesafetyofthelab-grownredbloodcells,researchershavegivenacoupleofteaspoonsoflab-createdbloodtotwohealthypeople.Bothpeopleseemtobedoingjustfineafterthetransfusions.Inall,theredbloodcellsfromthelabwillbetestedon10people,andcomparedtonormaltransfusions.Thenewprocessisn'texpectedtoreplacenormalbloodtransfusions,whichwillremainhugelyimportant.Thoughthetechnologylevelhasimproved,growingredbloodcellsinalabisextremelyexpensive.Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.Butifit'ssuccessful,inthefuturetheprocesscouldmakelifemucheasierforpatientswhooftenneedtransfusions—eventhosewithrarebloodtypes.5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theprocessofbloodtransfusions.B.Theconceptofbloodtransfusions.C.Theimportanceofbloodtransfusions.D.Thepossibleproblemsinbloodtransfusions.6.Whatcanweknowaboutlab-createdredbloodcells?A.Theycanlivelonger.B.Theycanconveymoreoxygen.C.Themajorityofthemarebrandnew.D.Theyaretargetedatthosewithrareblood.7.Whatstopsthelab-createdredbloodcellsbeingwidelyused?A.Thehighrisk. B.Theirhighcost.C.Thetechnologylevel. D.Thelackofqualifiedlabs.8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ArtificialBloodWillCatchonB.RegularBloodTransfusionWillBeSaferC.ScientistsTestBloodGrowninaLaboratoryD.PatientsAreBenefitingfromNewly-CreatedBloodⅡ.七選五[2023·湖南郴州校聯(lián)考期末]Flucanbeverydangerousalthoughinmostpeopletheillnessmaylastonlyaweekortwo.Gettingafluvaccine（疫苗）everyyearisthebestwaytopreventgettingtheflu.1Recognizeflusymptoms.Beforeyoucaneffectivelytreattheflu,makesurethat'swhatyouactuallyhave.2Commonsymptomsoffluincludeseriouscough,sorethroat,feverabove100F,headaches,weaknessandsoonwhilesymptomsofthecommoncoldusuallyincludemildcough,low-gradeornofeveraswellasslightaches.3Insomeextremecases,theflucancausesymptomssevereenoughtorequirehospitalization.Youneedtoseeadoctorimmediatelyifyouareexperiencingthefollowingsymptoms:shortnessofbreathordifficultyinbreathing;chestpainorpressure;blueishskinorpurplishlips;headacheorneckpain.Getsomerest.Sometimesit'spossibletokeepworkingorgoingtoschoolwithacold,butwhenyouhavetheflu,it'simportanttorest.4Sincetheflumayspreadbycontact,stayinghomeisasconsiderateasitisnecessaryforyourrecovery.TakevitaminC.VitaminCisessentialforhealth.StudiessuggestthataproperamountofvitaminCcanhelpremovecoldandflusymptoms.Take1,000mgperhourforthefirstsixhoursassoonassymptomsappear.Thentake1,000mgthreetimesdaily.5Thoughitrarelyhappens,toomuchofitmaygetyoupoisoned.A.Knowwhentoseekemergencymedicaltreatment.B.Butifyougettheflu,itpaystolearnhowtotreatit.C.Takeafewdaysofftogiveyourbodytimetorecover.D.OrangejuiceisanothergoodsourceofnaturalvitaminC.E.Flusymptomsaresimilartocoldsymptoms,butmoresevere.F.Youcanremovethediscomfortoffeverbyusingacoolcloth.G.DonotcontinuetotaketoomuchvitaminCafteryoufeelbetter.Ⅲ.完形填空[2023·湖北武漢期末]Twoyearsago,KiahTwisselmanwasworkingfortheKentuckyBeefCouncil,whenshereachedtheweightof285pounds.Kiahwasresponsiblefortheirnutritionprogram,whichmeant1thehealthbenefitsofbeefanditwasn'tsittingwellwithher.Shehadtostandupinfrontofagroupregistered2,agroupofinfluencers,andtellthemaboutthenutritionalbenefitsofbeef,anditmadeherso3.Whileonaflighttoaworkconference,KiahreadabookbymotivationalspeakerRachelHollis.“Thatbookwaskindofmy4calltomethatifyouwanttochangeyourlife,itis100percentinyour5andnobodyelse's,”saidKiah.Shestarted6HollisonsocialmediaanddecidedtotryherFiveToThriveplan,which7hertoadoptfivesimplehabitsandcommitto8themeverydayfor90days.Kiahstartedwakingupearlier,9,begandailyjournaling,drankwateraccordingtotheinstructionandatehealthily.Injustafewmonths,shelost25pounds,which10hertokeepgoing,11whenshehitaplateau（停滯期）.Shesetanewgoal:tolose100pounds.To12thingsup,Kiahstartedtryingoutharderworkoutvideos.Unlikepreviouslyblamingherselfforherfailure,thistime,shestartedfromaplaceof13.“WhenIfailed,Iwasmorewillingto14myselfandsay,‘WhatcanIlearnfromthis?’”O(jiān)verthenextyear,Kiahlost103poundsandthephysicaltransformationwasso15!1.A.believing B.improving C.ensuring D.advocating2.A.nutritionists B.tourists C.farmers D.partners3.A.unfortunate B.successful C.uncomfortable D.appealing4.A.business B.wake-up C.first-aid D.conference5.A.favor B.diet C.control D.opinion6.A.following B.assisting C.blaming D.interviewing7.A.forbade B.qualified C.permitted D.advised8.A.overcoming B.practicing C.celebrating D.correcting9.A.watchedout B.dashedout C.workedout D.spokeout10.A.forced B.fueled C.promised D.reminded11.A.thus B.yet C.merely D.even12.A.fix B.divide C.switch D.sum13.A.self-criticism B.self-love C.self-respect D.self-doubt14.A.save B.protect C.introduce D.forgive15.A.apparent B.awkward C.slight D.gradual素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練（一）Ⅰ.閱讀理解1.B[解析]詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句可知，作者對(duì)這個(gè)地方非常不舍，離開的時(shí)候自然會(huì)感到“難過”。2.C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，作者因害怕在這趟旅行中找不到童年時(shí)在那里的快樂而感到焦慮。3.B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，作者認(rèn)為走進(jìn)BoscombeChineGardens時(shí)，所有的噪音都消失了，一種平和的感覺傳遍了全身。所以，作者認(rèn)為BoscombeChineGardens遠(yuǎn)離了城里的喧囂。4.D[解析]主旨大意題。第一段引出Bournemouth是作者最喜歡的海濱小鎮(zhèn)，第二至末段作者記述了和妻子重游該小鎮(zhèn)的故事，即全文圍繞重游小時(shí)候最愛的小鎮(zhèn)展開?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】作者介紹了最喜歡的海濱小鎮(zhèn)，記述了小時(shí)候和父母在此地的回憶，以及四十年后和妻子故地重游的心情。5.D[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，輸血不是簡(jiǎn)單地把一個(gè)人的血輸給另外一個(gè)人，因?yàn)闀?huì)出現(xiàn)排斥現(xiàn)象。所以，本段介紹了在輸血過程中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的問題。6.A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第四句可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的紅細(xì)胞壽命更長(zhǎng)。7.B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的紅細(xì)胞成本昂貴，因此這種紅細(xì)胞不能被大面積使用。8.C[解析]主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們使用干細(xì)胞在實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育出全新的紅細(xì)胞以供人們輸血使用的一項(xiàng)新實(shí)驗(yàn)。【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們使用干細(xì)胞在實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育出全新的紅細(xì)胞以供人們輸血使用，但這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還有待進(jìn)一步測(cè)試。Ⅱ.七選五1.B[解析]上文提到preventgettingtheflu，下文介紹了一些治療流感的方法，B項(xiàng)“但是如果你得了流感，學(xué)會(huì)如何治療是值得的