肇慶市四會(huì)市2023年考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷含解析

肇慶市四會(huì)市2023年考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Iamasocialworker.Iwantedtotelleveryoneaboutmyverydearfriendwhopassedawayafewmonthsago.Imethimmanyyearsagowhiledoingmyinternship(實(shí)習(xí)期)inthecountryprison.Hewas1aprogramhehaddesignedtohelpprisonerswithdrugandalcoholproblems.Hewasalways2newwaystobringhopeandhelptothesemenandtheir3.Oneofhisfavorite4wastheToyDrive.HewouldruneveryChristmasforthechildrenoftheprisoners.Hedidthisfortwentyyears5hissuddendeath.AslastChristmas6，Idecidedthatthistraditionhadtobe7，forthechildrenaswellasthe8ofmyfriend.Butthefilewherehekeptthenamesofthepeoplewhohadbeenhelpedbyhimovertheyearswas9.Ihadtostartanew(重新)andwithverylittle10!Istartedmakingphonecalls,explainingabouttheprojectandmy11.Iprayedeverynightthattheeventwould,12,beworthyofmyfriend.Tomygreat13,individuals,churchesandbusinessesbegantocomeonboardand,14,Ihadenoughtoystogivetoallthechildrenoftheprisonerswithsomeleftoverforthelocalcommunity15!WhenChristmasEvefinallyarrived,Ifeltveryhappy,thinkingIhaddoneallIcoulddoandreflectingonwhata(n)16ithadbeenforme.Iwasbagginguptheremainingtoys17iftherewasanyoneleftwhomightlikethem.Thenmyphonerang.Itwasmydaughter.She18toexplainaboutawomansheknewinKentuckywhohadfivechildren,oneseriouslyill,nohusband,noheatinginthehome,notoys!Oh!Howcouldwenot?MydaughterandIdroveallnight,fromNewYorktoKentucky,andthosechildrenwokeupinanicewarmhousewithplentyof19!Myfriend’s20ofkindnesslivedonthatyear,reachingallthewaytoKentucky!1、A．recordingB．directingC．a(chǎn)ttendingD．improving2、A．puttingupwithB．keepingupwithC．comingupwithD．catchingupwith3、A．familyB．groupC．companyD．club4、A．eventsB．sportsC．hobbiesD．games5、A．a(chǎn)fterB．untilC．becauseD．since6、A．a(chǎn)rrivedB．a(chǎn)pproachedC．followedD．finished7、A．carriedoutB．livedonC．livedoutD．carriedon8、A．benefitB．pleasureC．memoryD．favor9、A．a(chǎn)ctiveB．extraC．missingD．hiding10、A．pressureB．timeC．energyD．confidence11、A．a(chǎn)tmosphereB．impressionC．importanceD．difficulties12、A．somehowB．howeverC．otherwiseD．though13、A．curiosityB．disappointmentC．thoughtD．relief14、A．a(chǎn)bsolutelyB．occasionallyC．eventuallyD．generally15、A．a(chǎn)swellB．inparticularC．oncemoreD．a(chǎn)tfirst16、A．burdenB．pityC．honorD．discovery17、A．predictingB．realizingC．evaluatingD．wondering18、A．calledB．cameC．returnedD．drove19、A．chocolatesB．candiesC．flowersD．toys20、A．positionB．spiritC．courageD．a(chǎn)ttentionSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Anonlinesupermarketcompany—OcadointheUK,hasrecentlydisplayedarobotichandthatcanpickfruitsandvegetables!Whenanembryoisinthewomb(子宮),theveryfirstsenseitdevelopsistouch.Thesense

oftouchisalsotheonethatlaststhelongest—aswegetolderandourvisionandhearingbeginstoweaken,touchstillremains.Humansusetheirtouchtoprotectthemselves,tocreateemotionalrelationshipswithotherpeopleandtoexperiencepleasure.Canyouimaginelifewithoutit?Thesenseoftouchcomesfromanetworkofnerveendings(神經(jīng)末梢)andspecialtouchreceptorsonthesurfaceoftheskin.Whiletherearedifferentkindsoftouchreceptors,theyhelpus

judgepressure,textureandvibrations(震動(dòng)).Theyarelocatedinourfingertips,palms,solesofourfeet,face,lipsandtongue.Whenwetouchsomething,themechano-receptorsfeelthetouchandthroughanetworkofnervessendsignalstothebrain.Thisinformsthebrainaboutthelocationofthetouch,theamountofforceused,andthespeedatwhichitwasused.Severaldifferenttechniqueshavebeentriedinthepastfewyearstocreatesucharobotichand—usingthreefingers.ButthislatestdesignbySomacopiesthehumanhand.Thegripper(鉗子)ismadeupofflexiblematerialswhichgraspthethingbasedonitssizeandshape.Thenairpressureisusedtocontrolthemovementoftheroboticfingerstopickobjectssafelyandwithoutcausingdamage.Thenextstepwouldbefortherobottojudgehowripethefruitsandvegetablesare,andapplypressureaccordingly.Membersoftheresearchteamarecurrentlyworkingonaddingcomputerizedvisiontotherobots,sothattheycanseewhattheyaregrasping.Doesallthismeanrobotscanreplacepeople?AccordingtoOcado,ithelpsimproveproductivitybyremovingsomeoftherepetitivetasksdonebyhumans.1、Whatisfocusedoninthesecondparagraph?A．Theoriginoftouch.B．Theimportanceoftouch.C．Thedevelopmentoftouch.D．Theprocessoftransportingtouch.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?A．Thebrain. B．Thetouch.C．Thenerve. D．Thesignal.3、Whatisthetypicalfeatureofthelatestrobots?A．Theycanseewhatthey'retakingholdof.B．Theycantaketheplaceofpeopleinworkplaces.C．Theycantellwhetherthefruitsandvegetablesareripe.D．Theycanholdthingsfirmlyaccordingtotheirouterfeatures.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ASenseofTouchforRobotsB．ARoboticHandforClassifyingFruitsC．ARoboticHandwithaGentleTouchD．ARobotMadeofFlexibleMaterialsText2Thatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferentbedinunfamiliarsurroundingsisaphenomenonknownasthe4Tirst-nighf,effect.Ifapersonstaysinthesameroomthefollowingnighttheytendtosleepmoresoundly.YukaSasakiandhercolleaguesatBrownUniversitysetouttoinvestigatetheoriginsofthiseffect.Dr.Sasakiknewthefirst-nighteffectprobablyhassomethingtodowithhowhumansevolved.Thepuzzlewaswhatbenefitwouldbegainedfromitwhenperformancemightbeaffectedthefollowingday.Shealsoknewfrompreviousworkconductedonbirdsanddolphinsthattheseanimalsputhalfoftheirbrainstosleepatatimesothattheycanrestwhileremainingalertenoughtoavoidpredators(捕食者).Thisledhertowonderifpeoplemightbedoingthesamething.Totakeacloserlook,herteamstudied35healthypeopleastheysleptintheunfamiliarenvironmentoftheuniversity’sDepartmentofPsychologicalSciences.Theparticipantseachsleptinthedepartmentfortwonightsandwerecarefullymonitoredwithtechniquesthatlookedattheactivityoftheirbrains.Dr.Sasakifound,asexpected,theparticipantssleptlesswellontheirfirstnightthantheydidontheirsecond,takingmorethantwiceaslongtofallasleepandsleepinglessoverall.Duringdeepsleep,theparticipants’brainsbehavedinasimilarmannerseeninbirdsanddolphins.Onthefirstnightonly,thelefthemispheres(半球)oftheirbrainsdidnotsleepnearlyasdeeplyastheirrighthemispheresdid.Curiousifthelefthemisphereswereindeedremainingawaketoprocessinformationdetectedinthesurroundingenvironment,Dr.Sasakire-rantheexperimentwhilepresentingthesleepingparticipantswithamixofregularlytimedbeeps(蜂鳴聲)ofthesametoneandirregularbeepsofadifferenttoneduringthenight.Sheworkedoutthat,ifthelefthemispherewasstayingalerttokeepguardinastrangeenvironment,thenitwouldreacttotheirregularbeepsbystirringpeoplefromsleepandwouldignoretheregularlytimedones.Thisispreciselywhatshefound.1、WhatdowelearnaboutDr.YukaSasakidoingherresearch?A．Shefoundbirdsanddolphinsremainalertwhileasleep.B．Shefoundbirdsanddolphinssleepinmuchthesameway.C．ShegotsomeideafrompreviousstudiesonbirdsanddolphinsD．Sheconductedstudiesonbirds’anddolphins’sleepingpatterns.2、WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenshefirstdidherexperiment?A．Shemonitoredthebrainactivityofparticipantssleepinginanewenvironment.B．Sherecruited(招募)35participantsfromherDepartmentofPsychologicalSciences.C．Shestudiedthedifferencesbetweenthetwosidesofparticipants’brains.D．Shetestedherfindingsaboutbirdsanddolphinsonhumansubjects.3、WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenre-runningherexperiment?A．Sheanalyzedthenegativeeffectofirregulartonesonbrains.B．Sherecordedparticipants’adaptationtochangedenvironment.C．Sheexposedherparticipantstotwodifferentstimuli(刺激物).D．Shecomparedtheresponsesofdifferentparticipants.4、WhatdidDr.Sasakifindabouttheparticipantsinherexperiment?A．Theytendedtoenjoycertaintonesmorethanothers.B．Theytendedtorecognizeirregularbeepsasathreat.C．Theyfeltsleepywhenexposedtoregularbeeps.D．TheydifferedintheirtoleranceofirregulartonesText3AfterIvisitedmyeldersister’shouse,Iwasremindedjusthowdifferenttheapartmentlivingwithachildwas.Shehasanicebighousewithafewfloors,abigbackyardandlotsoftoys.HerhouseismysonTom’slittlepieceofheaven.Atherhousetherearelittletoys,bigtoys,adollhouse,aplayhouseandmore!Therearebedroomstockedwithtraintables,ride-ontoysandbigtrucks.Themaindifferenceaboutbeinganapartmentmomisthatyoucannotbecomeacollectorof“things”.Icontinuallygetridofanythingtoolarge.WhenTomwasborn,wemadearulethattherewouldneverbeanystuffedanimalsinourapartmentthatwerelargerthanhimatthattime.Wealsomadearulethatwewouldonlyeverhaveatmostfivestuffed“anything”atonetime.Sofarthishadworkedoutwellforus.TheserulesleftTomwithafewspecialsoftcreaturestoplaywith,butthatcanbeeasilyputaway.Sincewewanttokeeptheappearanceofbeingcleancitydwellers,wehavelimitedTom’splaythingstoonetoybasketinthemainlivingspaceandonebigstoragebininhisbedroom.IamconstantlythinkingaboutlivingspacewhenIbuyanythingforourlittleTom.WelovethestoragebininTom’sroom.Itisfilledwithfunplaythings.Itisaplacetokeephistoysandeverythinggetspulledinandoutdaily.Anythingthatdoesn’tfitisoftenweededouttocreatespace.Tomabsolutelylikesgoingtohisaunt’shouseandpullingouteverysingletoyavailabletohim.Ofcourse,Tomdoesnotnoticethatwhenhereturnshomeheonlygetsonebasketoftoysinsteadofmanyroomsoftoys.RightnowTomlivesfullyinhis1,100-square-footapartmentandseemsverysatisfiedwithhisbasketoftoys.1、ByParagraph1thewritermainlywantstotellusthathersister________.A．lovesbuyingtoysforherselfB．hasseveralchildrenC．livesinahousewithmanytoysD．doesn’tkeepherhousetidy2、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“weekendout”inparagraph3mean?A．removedB．washedC．storedD．played3、Thelastparagraphshowsthat________.A．thewriterwantstoliveinabighouseB．Tomdoesn’tlikethetoysinhistoybasketC．Tomdoesn’tlikethetoysinhisaunt’shouseD．thewriter’srulesabouttoysworkoutverywelText4Aboutaspirin:Aspirinisacommonlyuseddrugwhichcanbetakentorelievediscomfortcausedbynumerousmedicalproblemsincludingheadaches,toothache,inflammationandinfections.Itisalsosuitabletotreatcoldsandflu-likesymptoms,andtoreduceahightemperature.Whocantakeaspirin?Adultsandchildrenover16yearsofage.Whoshouldnottakeaspirin?Womenwhoarepregnant,orplantobecomepregnant.Aspirinmayharmyourunbornbaby.Womenwhoarebreast-feeding.Aspirincanpassintoyourbreastmilkandmayharmyourbaby.Peoplewhohaveanyproblemswiththewaytheliverworksorwiththewaythekidneyswork.Howtotakeaspirin:Takeaspirinaftermeals,withafullglassofwaterormilk.Therecommendeddose(劑量)rangesfromtwotothreetabletsatatime.Nevertakemorethan4g12tablets)inany24-hourperiod.Youmustnottakethesetabletswithanyothermedicinewhichcontainsanyaspirinorpainkiller.Howtostoreaspirin:Keepallmedicinesoutofthereachandsightofchildren.Storeaspirininacool,dryplace,awayfromdirectheatandlight.Donotputaspirininthebathroombecausethedampnesstherecancauseittoloseitseffectiveness.Throwawayaspirinthatsmellsstronglyofvinegar.Possiblesideeffects:Feelingsick,increasedriskofbleeding,stomachpain,indigestionandheartburnarecommon.Iftheseeffectscontinue,contactyourdoctor.Ringingintheears,difficultybreathing,dizziness,andmentalconfusionarerare.Iftheseoccur,stoptakingthedrugandcontactyourdoctorforfurtheradvice.1、Inwhichcasewillyoutakeaspirinaccordingtothetext?A．Stomachache.B．Fever.C．Breathlessness.D．Nosebleed.2、Howmanytimescanyoutakeaspirinatmostinaday?A．6.B．5.C．4.D．3.3、Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Ahospitalannouncement.B．Amedicalreport.C．Adoctor’ssuggestionslist.D．Medicalinstructions.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)語法填空J(rèn)ohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon,whowassoexpertthatheattendedQueenVictoriaasher1．(person)physicianButhefelt2．(inspire)whenhethoughtabout3．(help)peopleexposedtocholeraCholerawasa4．(dead)diseaseandneitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstoodJohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvetheproblemHesuspectedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdisease5．theirbodieswiththeirmealsSowhenanotheroutbreakhitLondon,hebeganhisenquiryHefoundthatmanyvictims6．(link)totheoutbreakwerenearthewaterpump,sohehadthehandle7．(remove)SoonafterwardsthediseasesloweddownHedrewaconclusionthatthewaterwas8．(blame)Thewater9．(company)wereinstructednottoexposepeopleto10．(pollute)wateranymoreFinally“KingCholera”wasdefeatedAtthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguageItdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseofanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbols1．(carve)byancientChinesepeopleSomeoftheancientsymbolscanstillbeseenintoday’shanziBytheShangDynasty,thesesymbols2．(become)awell-developedwritingsystemOvertheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms，asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,3．(lead)tomanyvarietiesofdialectscharactersThis,4．,changedundertheruleofEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynastyEmperorQinshihuangmadethesevenmajorstatesintoone5．(unite)countrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirectionThatwritingsystemwas6．greatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandcultureEventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveor7．dialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicate8．(easy)inwritingWrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansby9．China’spresentisconnectedwithitspastPeopleinmodemtimescanreadtheclassic10．(work)whichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimesThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChinesecultureSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Eleven-yearoldNyalivesinSouthSudan．Forsevenmonthsoftheyear，shehastomaketwolongwalkstoapondnearhervillagetofetchwaterforherfamily．Duringthedrymonths，thefamilymovestoacampbyalakewhereNyaandherfamilydigtheclayofthelakebedwiththeirhandsandwaitforhourstogatherasmallamountofdirtywaterthattricklesin．1、Oftentheyareunabletogotoschooltolearnhowtoreadandwrite．Butdidyouknowthatwaterisoneofthemostabundantresourcesonourplanet?Watermakesup71％oftheEarth’ssurface．2、．Weoftentendtotakewaterforgranteduntilitisinshortsupply．Tobringourawarenesstothislife-givingresource，theUnitedNationsdeterminedin1993thatMarch22ndeveryyearwillbeobservedtocelebrateWorldWaterDay．Everyyear，theUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblysetsathemefortheWorldWaterDay．3、Thethemein2016-waterandjobs—intendstobringourattentiontothequalityoflifeoftheworkerswhoensurethesafetyandavailabilityofthiscriticalresource．4、Workersinfactoriesaroundtheworldfallillanddiewhentheyhavepooraccesstocleanwater．Inmanycountries，womenandchildrenlikeNyawalkseveralhourseverydaytobringhomewatertotheirfamilies．5、Nowimagine，ifcleanandsafewaterwasguaranteed—thesechildrencouldbelearningskillsthatcouldhelpthemfindbetterwork．A．Butthesejobsareoftennotpaidfornoraretheyrecognized．B．Thisyear’sthemeis“BetterWater，BetterJobs”．C．Whatwouldhappenifwerunoutofcleanwater?D．EverydaycountlesskidslikeNyaworkhardtofetchcleanwaterfortheirfamilies．E.Unfortunatelyonly3％ofthewaterisfreshwaterthatcansupporthumanandotheranimallife．F.Itishardforthesepoorkidstofetchenoughcleanwater．G.Didyouknowthat340，000workersdieeachyearbecauseofinadequatewatersupply?HowtoImproveYourConfidenceConfidenceissomethingthateveryoneadmires.Atsomepointinyourlifeyoumayquestionyourlevelofconfidenceandwishittobehigher.1、Ifyoubelievethetheorythatweattractintoourliveswhoweare,thencreat