一種基于貼附型Helmholtz共鳴器的聲學(xué)超材料的隔聲性能研究（英文）

一種基于貼附型Helmholtz隔聲性能研究（英文StudyonSoundInsulationPerformanceofAcousticMetamaterialsbasedonAdhesiveHelmholtzResonatorAcousticmetamaterialshaveattractedgreatattentionfortheirexcellentsoundinsulationperformance.ThispaperfocusesonthestudyofanacousticmetamaterialbasedonanadhesiveHelmholtzresonator,aimingtoimprovethesoundinsulationperformanceofbuildingmaterials.Themorphologyandcharacteristicsoftheacousticmetamaterialareanalyzedbytheoreticalmodelingandexperimentalmeasurement.Theresultsshowthattheacousticmetamaterialhasasignificanteffectonsoundinsulation,reducingthesoundtransmissionlossofthebuildingmaterial.Theacousticmetamaterialcanbeappliedtovarioussoundinsulationapplications.Keywords:acousticmetamaterials,soundinsulation,Helmholtzresonator,adhesiveWiththerapiddevelopmentofeconomyandtechnology,thelevelofnoisepollutionisincreasing,whichbringsseriousharmtohumanhealthandenvironment.Acousticmetamaterialsarematerialsthathavespecialphysicalstructures,whichcanachieveextraordinaryacousticpropertiesthatarenotfoundinnaturalmaterials.Theyhaveattractedtheattentionofscientistsbecauseoftheirexcellentsoundinsulationperformanceandpotentialapplicationsinfieldssuchasbuildingmaterials,vehiclenoisereduction,andcommunicationsystems.TheHelmholtzresonatorisaclassicalacousticresonatorthatconsistsofacavitywithasmallneckthatconnectstotheoutside.Helmholtzresonatorshavebeenusedassoundabsorbersandsilencersformanyyears,andtheirexcellentsoundinsulationpropertieshavebeenwellstudied.Inrecentyears,researchershaveexploredtheuseoftheHelmholtzresonatorasabuildingblockfortheconstructionofacousticmetamaterials.ThispaperproposesanacousticmetamaterialbasedonanadhesiveHelmholtzresonator,whichhasexcellentsoundinsulationperformance.Weanalyzethemorphologyandcharacteristicsoftheacousticmetamaterialthroughtheoreticalmodelingandexperimentalmeasurement,anddiscussthefactorsaffectingthesoundinsulationperformanceofthemetamaterial.MaterialsandTheacousticmetamaterialiscomposedofamatrixmaterialandadhesiveHelmholtzresonators.Thematrixmaterialismadeofcementwithadensityof2480kg/m3,whiletheadhesiveHelmholtzresonatorsaremadeofa5cmthickpolyurethanefoam,withaneckdiameterof2cmandadepthof3cm.Thethicknessesoftheneckandcavityaredesignedtoachievemaximumsoundinsulationperformance.TheacousticmetamaterialispreparedbymixingthematrixmaterialandtheadhesiveHelmholtzresonatorsindifferentproportionsandthencastingthemixtureintorectangularmoldswithasizeof30cmx30cmx5cm.Thespecimensarethencuredfor28daysinastandardcuringroomwithatemperatureof20±2°Candarelativehumidityof60±5%.Thesoundinsulationperformanceoftheacousticmetamaterialismeasuredbyusingasoundtransmissionloss(STL)test.ThetestisconductedaccordingtoASTME90-09,withaloudspeakerasthesoundsourceandamicrophoneasthereceiver.Thesoundsourceislocatedononesideofthespecimen,whilethereceiverislocatedontheotherside.Thesoundpressurelevel(SPL)ismeasuredatdifferentfrequencies,andtheSTLiscalculatedasthedifferencebetweentheSPLonthesourcesideandtheSPLonthereceiverside.ResultsandThetheoreticalmodelingshowsthattheadhesiveHelmholtzresonatorshaveastrongabsorptioneffectonsoundwaveswithafrequencyrangeof200-500Hz.TheSTLmeasurementresultsshowthatthesoundinsulationperformanceoftheacousticmetamaterialiscloselyrelatedtotheproportionoftheadhesiveHelmholtzresonatorsinthematrixmaterial,andthemaximumSTLvalueisachievedwhentheproportionis15%.ThemaximumSTLoftheacousticmetamaterialis48.3dBatafrequencyof315Hz,whichismuchhigherthanthatoftheplaincementmatrixmaterial,whosemaximumSTLisonly29.7dBatthesamefrequency.ThisshowsthattheadhesiveHelmholtzresonatorssignificantlyimprovethesoundinsulationperformanceofthematrixmaterial.TheSTLoftheacousticmetamaterialgraduallydecreaseswithincreasingfrequency,whichisconsistentwiththetheoreticalmodeling.AnacousticmetamaterialbasedonanadhesiveHelmholtzresonatorisproposedinthispaper,anditssoundinsulationperformanceisstudiedthroughtheoreticalmodelingandexperimentalmeasurement.Theresultsshowthattheacousticmetamaterialhasexcellentsoundinsulationperformanceinthefrequencyrangeof200-500Hz,anditssoundtransmissionlossismuchhigherthanthatofplaincement