化學(xué)常用單位、元素分子量和常用物質(zhì)分子量

化學(xué)常用單位、元素分子量和常用物質(zhì)分子量附錄1實(shí)訓(xùn)中常用的量及其單位的名稱和符號(hào)量的名稱量的符號(hào)單位名稱單位符號(hào)倍數(shù)與分?jǐn)?shù)單位物質(zhì)的量nB摩[爾]molmmol等質(zhì)量m千克kgg、mg、μg等體積V立方米m3L(dm3)、mL等摩爾質(zhì)量MB千克每摩[爾]kg/molg/mol等摩爾體積Vm立方米每摩[爾]m3/molL/mol等物質(zhì)的量的濃度cB摩每立方米mol/m3mol/L等質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)ωB質(zhì)量濃度ρB千克每立方米kg/m3g/L、g/mL等體積分?jǐn)?shù)φB滴定度Ts/x，Ts克每毫升g/mL密度千克每立方米kg/m3g/mL、g/m3相對(duì)原子量Ar相對(duì)分子量Mr附錄2常用酸堿試劑的密度和濃度試劑名稱化學(xué)式Mr密度ρ/（g/mL）質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)ω/%物質(zhì)的量濃度cB/（mol/L）濃硫酸濃鹽酸濃硝酸濃磷酸冰醋酸高氯酸濃氫氧化鈉濃氨水H2SO4HClHNO3H3PO4CH3COOHHClO4NaOHNH3·H2O98.0836.4663.0198.0060.05100.4640.0017.031.841.191.421.691.051.671.430.9096377085997040281812161517121415附錄3一些化合物的相對(duì)分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量AgBr187.78C6H5·COOH122.12AgCl143.32C6H5·COONa144.10AgCN133.84C6H4·COOH·COOK(鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀)204.22Ag2CrO4331.73AgI234.77CH3·COONa82.03AgNO3169.87C6H5OH94.11AgSCN165.95(C9H7N)3H3(PO4·12MoO2)(磷鉬酸喹啉)2212.74Al2O3101.96Al2(SO4)2342.15COOH·CH2·COOH(丙二酸)104.06As2O3197.84As2O5229.84COOH·CH2·COONa126.04CCl4153.81BaCO3197.34CO244.01BaC2O4225.35Cr2O3151.99BaCl2208.23Cu(C2H3O2)2·3Cu(AsO2)21013.80BaCl2·2H2O244.26CuO79.54BaCrO4253.32Cu2O143.09BaO153.33CuSCN121.63Ba(OH)2171.35CuSO4159.61BaSO4233.39CuSO4·5H2O249.69CaCO3100.09FeCl3162.21CaC2O4128.10FeCl3·6H2O270.30CaCl2110.98FeO71.85CaCl2·H2O129.00Fe2O3159.69CaF278.07Fe3O4231.54Ca(NO3)2164.09FeSO4·H2O169.93CaO56.08FeSO4·7H2O278.02Ca(OH)274.09Fe2(SO4)3399.89CaSO4136.14FeSO4·(NH4)2SO4·6H2O392.14Ca3(PO4)2310.18Ce(SO4)2332.24H3BO361.83Ce(SO4)2·2(NH4)2SO4·2H2O632.54HBr80.91CH3COOH60.05H6C4O6150.09CH3OH32.04HCN27.03CH3·CO·CH358.08H2CO362.03化合物分子式化合物分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量H2C2O90.04KSCN97.18H2C2O4·2H2126.07K2SO4174.26HCOOH46.03HCl36.46MgCO384.32HClO4100.46MgCl295.21HF20.01MgNH4PO4137.33HI127.91MgO40.31HNO247.01Mg2P2O7222.60HNO363.01MnO70.94H2O18.02MnO286.94H2O234.02H3PO498.00Na2B4O7201.22H2S34.08Na2B4O7·10H2O381.37H2SO382.08NaBiO3279.97H2SO498.08NaBr102.90HgCl2271.50NaCN49.01Hg2Cl2427.09Na2CO3105.99Na2C2O134.00KAl(SO4)2·12H2O474.39NaCl58.44KB(C6H5)4358.33NaF41.99KBr119.01NaHCO384.01KBrO3167.01NaH2PO4119.98KCN65.12Na2HPO4141.96K2CO3138.21Na2H2Y·2H2O(EDTA二鈉鹽)372.26KCl74.56KClO3122.55NaI149.89KClO4138.55NaNO369.00K2CrO4194.20Na2O61.98K2Cr2O7294.19NaOH40.01KHC2O4·H2C2O4·2H2254.19Na3PO4163.94KHC2O4·H2O146.14Na2S78.05KI166.01Na2S·9H2O240.18KIO3214.00Na2SO3126.04KIO3·HIO3389.92Na2SO4142.04KmnO4158.04Na2SO4·10H2O322.20KNO285.10Na2S2O3158.11K2O92.20Na2S2O3·5H2O248.19KOH56.11Na2SiF6188.06化合物分子式化合物分子量化合物分子式化合物分子量NH317.03SO264.06NH4Cl53.49SO380.06(NH4)2C2O4·H2142.11Sb2O3291.50NH3·H2O35.05Sb2S3339.70NH4Fe(SO4)2·12H2O482.20SiF4104.08(NH4)2HPO4132.05SiO260.08(NH4)3HPO4·12MoO31876.53SnCO3178.72NH4SCN76.12SnCl2189.62(NH4)2SO4132.14SnO2150.71NiC8H14O4N4(丁二酮肟鎳)288.91TiO279.88WO3231.83P2O5141.95PbCrO4323.18ZnCl2136.30PbO223.19ZnO81.39PbO2239.19Zn2P2O7304.72Pb3O4685.57ZnSO4161.45PbSO4303.26附錄4相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量表(1993年)元素原子量元素原子量元素原子量符號(hào)名稱符號(hào)名稱符號(hào)名稱Ac錒[227]Ge鍺72.61Pr鐠140.90765Ag銀107.8682H氫1.00794Pt鉑195.08Al鋁26.98154He氦4.00260Pu钚[244]Am镅[243]Hf鉿178.49Ra鐳226.0254Ar氬39.948Hg汞200.59Rb銣85.4678As砷74.92159Ho鈥164.93032Re錸186.207At哎[210]I碘126.90447Rh銠102.90550Au金196.96654In銦114.82Rn氡[222]B硼10.811Ir銥192.22Ru釕101.07Ba鋇137.327K鉀39.0983S硫32.066Be鈹9.01218Kr氪83.80Sb銻121.75Bi鉍208.98037La鑭138.9055Sc鈧44.95591Bk锫[247]Li鋰6.941Se硒78.96Br溴79.904Lr鐒[257]Si硅28.0855C碳12.011Lu镥174.967Sm釤150.36Ca鈣40.078Md鍆[256]Sn錫118.710Cd鎘112.411Mg鎂24.3050Sr鍶87.62Ce鈰140.115Mn錳54.9380Ta鉭180.9479Cf锎[251]Mo鉬95.94Tb鋱158.92534Cl氯35.4527N氮14.00674Tc锝98.9062Cm鋦[247]Na鈉22.98977Te碲127.60Co鈷58.93320Nb鈮92.90638Th釷232.0381Cr鉻51.9961Nd釹144.24Ti鈦47.88Cs銫132.90543Ne氖20.1797Tl鉈204.3833Cu銅63.546Ni鎳58.69Tm銩168.93421Dy鏑162.50No锘[254]U鈾238.289Er鉺167.26Np镎237.0482V釩50.9415Es锿[254]O氧15.9994W鎢183.85Eu銪151.965Os鋨190.2Xe氙131.29F氟18.99840P磷30.97376Y釔88.90585Fe鐵55.847Pa鏷231.03588Yb鐿173.04Fm鐨[257]Pb鉛207.2Zn鋅65.39Fr鈁[223]Pd鈀106.42Zr鋯91.224Ga鎵69.723Pm鉅[145]Gd釓157.25Po釙[~210]附錄5常用緩沖溶液的配制PH值配制方法0123.64.04.555.777.588.599.51010.51112131mol/LHCl0.lmol/LHCl0.01mol/LHClNaAc·3H2O16g，溶于適量水中，加6mol/LHAc268mL，稀釋至1LNaAc·3H2O40g，溶于適量水中，加6mol/LHAc268mL，稀釋至1LNaAc·3H2O64g，溶于適量水中，加6mol/LHAc136mL，稀釋至1LNaAc·3H2O100g，溶于適量水中，加6mol/LHAc68mL，稀釋至1LNaAc·3H2O200g，溶于適量水中，加6mol/LHAc26mL，稀釋至1LNH4Ac154g，溶于適量水中，稀釋至NH4Cl120g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水2.8mL，稀釋至1LNH4C1100g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水7mL，稀釋至NH4Cl80g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水17.6mL，稀釋至1LNH4C170g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水48mL，稀釋至NH4C160g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水130mL，稀釋至NH4C154g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水294mL，稀釋至NH4Cl18g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水350mL，稀釋至1LNH4C16g，溶于適量水中，加15mol/L氨水414mL，稀釋至0.01mol/LNaOH0.1mol/LNaOH參考文獻(xiàn)劉珍主編．1998.化驗(yàn)員讀本(第3版).北京.化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社。張濟(jì)新等編.1997.分析化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)(第1版).上海.華東理工大學(xué)出版社。張英主編.2004.食品理化與微生物檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn).北京.中國(guó)輕工業(yè)出版社。張英主編.2004.生物與化學(xué)基本技能實(shí)訓(xùn)指導(dǎo).廣州.廣東科技出版社。胡偉光,張文英主編.2004.定量化學(xué)分析實(shí)驗(yàn).北京.化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社。無(wú)錫輕工業(yè)學(xué)院等編.1995.微生物學(xué)（適用于工業(yè)發(fā)酵專業(yè)）.北京.中國(guó)輕工出版社。方富祿主編.2001.有機(jī)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn).北京.高等教育出版社。孫守田主編.1980.化驗(yàn)員基本知識(shí)(第1版).北京.化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社。呂春緒諸松淵主