考研《英語一》2023年山東省濟(jì)南市章丘市考前沖刺預(yù)測試卷含解析

考研《英語一》2023年山東省濟(jì)南市章丘市考前沖刺預(yù)測試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。2014isn’tanordinaryyearforthepoetYuXiuhua.Before2014,Yuwasonlya39-year-oldfarmerandliveda1lifeinatinyvillageinHubeiProvince.Moreunfortunately,she________cerebralpalsy（腦癱）andhadseriousmovementproblems,whichmadeher2seniorhighschool.Havingbeenwritingpoemsfor16yearsunknowably,sheattained3overnight,almostsuddenly.In2014,Yuandherpoetrywere4widelyacrosstheChinesewebsitesandsocialmedia,attractingtheattentionofpeoplefromallwalksoflife.HerpoetrycollectionStaggeringinSecularWorldhasbeenpublishedandwellreceived,with15,000copies5withinthefirstday.AnothercollectionMoonlightFallsontheLeftHandhasbeenvastlypromotedinBeijingandisexpectedtobe6onFebruary6,2015.EvenfilmcompanieshavecometovisitYu,hopingto7herstoryintoafilm.Manymediahave8herandherpoemsbuttheirperspective（角度）havebeensomewhat9Somemediahave10herpoemsandcalledher“China’sEmilyDickinson”,sayingtheycarryrealfeelingandthepowertomovehearts.11othersseemtofocusmoreonherphysicalandsocial12toattractreaders,anddescribeheras“afarmerpoetesswithcerebralpalsy”.Withoutthemedia’soffensive,YuXiuhuaandherworkswouldhave13unknowntoordinaryreaders.Thereportsabouther14disabilityandstragglehavemovedandeven15manypeople.Infact,Yurekindles（點(diǎn)燃）people’spassionforpoetry.Butperhapsevenmore16thanherpoetryitselfistheruralwoman’s17thatfameisneversomethingshehopesfor.Suchsuddenandwidespreadpersonal-life18tothepublichasmadeYufeeluneasyandevenalittlebitoverwhelmed.Allshehopestodoisstayatherhometocreatepoems19justassheusedto.1、A．easy B．hard C．happy D．rich2、A．brokeaway B．burstinto C．sufferedfrom D．referredto3、A．getridof B．getcloseto C．makeuseof D．dropoutof4、A．chance B．respect C．a(chǎn)chievements D．fame5、A．exploded B．spread C．discovered D．mastered6、A．made B．sold C．consumed D．limited7、A．published B．a(chǎn)pplied C．evaluated D．littered8、A．translate B．turn C．offer D．a(chǎn)dapt9、A．reported B．convinced C．intended D．informed10、A．familiar B．obvious C．different D．random11、A．criticized B．praised C．observed D．concluded12、A．Although B．When C．While D．Since13、A．concepts B．qualities C．cases D．conditions14、A．seemed B．remained C．proved D．a(chǎn)ppeared15、A．physical B．spiritual C．movable D．rigid16、A．a(chǎn)dored B．overcame C．inspired D．sympathized17、A．classic B．confident C．flexible D．impressive18、A．intention B．a(chǎn)ttitude C．courage D．hobby19、A．exposure B．separation C．opposite D．persistence20、A．gracefully B．hopefully C．peacefully D．simplySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Thebristleconepineisthelongest-livingthingontheearth.Thesetrees,withtheirstrangely-shaped,wind-beatenlimbs(枝干),canliveupto5,000years.Butexpertsworrythatawarmingclimateinsomeareasmaythreatenitsfuture.Researcherssaywarmerweatherispermittingasimilarkindoftree,thelimberpine,totakeovergoodgrowingplacesfromtheancientbristlecone.Theysaythetreeisbeingcrowdedoutofmountainousareaswhereitgrows.“Thebristleconepineistheoldestindividuallygrowingorganism,”researcherssay.TheygrowinhighmountainforestsineasternCalifornia,NevadaandUtah.Inthosemountains,thetreesfacehighwindsandextremetemperatures,whichleavethemwithtwistedlimbsandshapes.“Eveninsuchtoughconditions,”BrianSmithers,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,said,“thelimberpineistakingallthegoodspots.”Thelimberpineisthebristlecone’sdistantrelativeandcompetitor.Itcanalsolivealongtime——upto2,000years.Anditisusuallyfoundatloweraltitudes,wheretemperaturesarewarmer.However,accordingtoathree-yearstudywhichcenteredontreesthathavestartedgrowinginthelast50yearsinCalifornia’sWhiteMountains,mostofthetreesgrowingathigheraltitudeswerelimberpines.Scientistscomparedthecompetingspeciestotwoo1dmeninaveryslowraceupamountainside.Thisracebetweensuchslow-growingtreestakesthousandsofyears.Theysayclimatechangeiscausingthecompetition.Smitherssaidthebristleconepinesarenotindangerofdisappearing.Butheassumestheycouldbecrowdedoutofsomeplaceswheretheyhavegrownforthousandsofyears.Theresearcherssaythefindingsshowhowclimatechangecanaffectthetwokindsoftrees.Theinformation,theysay,canhelpscientistsunderstandmorecomplexforests.1、What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A．Tointroduceatopic.B．Tosummarizethewholepassage.C．Todescribetheappearanceofatree.D．Topraisethehardworkoftheexperts.2、WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A．Therewillbeoldertreessentoutofthosemountains.B．Therewillbemoreplacescoveredwithbristleconepines.C．Therewillbebetterlimberpinesreplacingtheancientones.D．Therewillbefewerbristleconepinesgrowinginthoseareas.3、Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhylimberpinescangrowathigheraltitudesis_________.A．thehighwindsB．thedifficultconditionsC．thechangingclimateD．theextremetemperatures4、Whatistheresearchers’attitudetowardsthefutureofthebristleconepine?A．Positive.B．Concerned.C．Enthusiastic.D．Indifferent.Text2Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted(預(yù)測)inreactiontoclimatechange,whichcouldhavelongdamagingeffectsonfoodchainsandecosystems.Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld,changingsomelivingpatterns,scientistssay.Increasedcarbondioxide(CO2)intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygen,whilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.“Predictingspecies,reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecology,”saidtheresearchersofseveralU.S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.Thestudy,publishedontheNaturewebsite,usesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesandexperimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1,634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated(低估)thespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafingby4times.“Acrossallspecies,theexperimentsunder-predictedthespeedoftheadvance—forbothleafingandflowering—thatresultsfromtemperatureincrease,”thestudysaid.Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredicthowplantswillreacttoclimatechange,itsaid.PlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchain,usingphotosynthesis(光合作用)toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.Scientistsbelievetheworld’saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.Sofar,effortstocutemissions(排放)ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.1、WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A．Plants’reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.B．Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists’expectation.C．Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.D．Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.2、WecanlearnfromthestudypublishedontheNaturewebsitethat.A．plants’floweringis8.5timesfasterthanleafingB．thereare1,634plantspeciesonthefourcontinentsC．scientistsshouldimprovethedesignoftheexperimentsD．theexperimentsfailedtopredicthowplantsreacttoclimatechange3、Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause.A．theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearlyB．theyareveryimportantinthefoodchainsC．theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarmingD．theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld’stemperature?A．Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.B．Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.C．Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1900.D．Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.Text3Agroupofartists,writersandintellectualshaslaunchedanew“university”inLondon,designedtohelpthosetootiedupwithworktoappreciatethefinerthingsinlife,likeart,booksandtravel.TheSchoolofLife,operatingoutofasmallshopintheartydistrictofBloomsbury,describesitselfasa“chemistforthemind”thatplanstooffer“culturalsolutionstoeverydayailments(疾病)”.Ithopestoinspirethosewhohavegotoutofthehabitofreadingdecentbooks,cannotkeepconversationflowingatdinnerparties,orneedtoexpandtheirholidayhorizons.ThephilosopherAlaindeBotton,authorofHowProustCanChangeYourLife,andSophieHowarth,aformercurator(館長)attheTateModemGallery,areamongthestaffmembers.Thefoundersbelievethatpeoplewithtoolittletimetospareneedinstructioninhowtoliveamorefulfilled(有成就感的)existence.Perhapsyouhaveaburningquestionforapaleontologist(古生物學(xué)家).“Perhapsyou’reconsideringacareerchangeandwanttotalkfirst-handtoaphotographerorlandscapedesigner.TheSchoolofLifehasalargeprofessionalstaffwhoarewillingtomeetwithyouforanhourofchatinexchangeforasmallfee,”thewebsiteexplains,listing50experts.Amongcoursesbeingofferedlaterthisyearareinstructioninlife,love,work,familyandpolitics.Atypicalcourse,inlove,willexplorewhyrelationshipsaresocomplicatedandwhyattractionebbsandflows.“Wedrawonideasfromphilosophy,psychoanalysis(心理分析),literatureandart.WediscoverwhatthelikesofPlato,Shakespeare,TolstoyandFreudhadtosayaboutcompassion,empathyandself-love,”theinstructorspromise.Coursesrunforsixweeksandcost195pounds.1、FromParagraph1weknowthepurposeof“theuniversity”isto.A．helppeopleliveafinerlifeB．tellpeoplehowtospendtheirsparetimeC．makemoneybysettingupauniversityontheinternetD．offereducationtothosewhohavelittlechancetogotouniversity2、TheSchoolofLifeofferscoursestothosewho.A．pursueaqualitylifeB．trytoimprovecommunicativeskillsC．getintothehabitofreadinggoodbooksD．seeksolutionstotheirphysicaldiseases3、ThecoursesoftheSchoolofLifeareofferedby.A．freechattingonlinewithartypeopleB．chattingwithinstructorsfacetofaceC．makingappointmentswithchemistsD．a(chǎn)ttendingpubliclecturesgivenbyfounders4、Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitle?A．Anewuniversity—solutionstoeverythingB．Anewuniversity—instructionstoyourcareerC．TheSchoolofLife—achemistformindD．TheSchoolofLife—aschoolforhealthText4Lifehasn’talwaysbeeneasyforSareanaKimia,16.Herparentssplitupwhenshewasyoung,andshehasn’tseenherdadsinceshewasl0.InJune2014,sheandhermom,ShefaliGupta,foundoutthattheywouldsoonbeevicted(逐出)fromtheirhome.Sareanaknewthathermomhadmoneyproblems.Evenbeforetheeviction,Guptahadbecomeverysad.Becauseshedidn’thavehealthinsurance,Guptacouldn’tgetadoctor’shelpforheremotionalproblems.Sareanatookchargeofthingsathome.Forexample,sheoftencookedherfamily’smeals.Whensheandhermomwereabouttolosetheirhome,itwasSareanawhoarrangedaplaceforthemtostay.Foryears,Sareanahadbeenanactivevolunteerwithseveralorganizations.Sheevenstartedherowngroup,YouthforNationalChange.Itworkstosupporttherightsofyoungpeople.Sareanacalledafewadultsshehadworkedwith.Afterfindingoutabouthersituation,onecoupleopenedtheirdoorsrightaway.ButbyAugust2014,thecouplenolongerhadroomforSareanaandhermom.Thetwoendeduplivingintheircar.Theydidn’twanttogotoahomelessshelteroutoffearthattheycouldbesplitup.Throughitall,Sareanakeptworkingonprojectsandstudying.“AtnopointdidIletwhatwasgoingonchangemydailyroutine,”shesays.Sareanaishomeschooledonlineandgoestoclassesatanearbycollege.Lastfall,schoolbillsbeganpilingup.Shehadnowaytopaythem.Afriendsuggestedthatshetryraisingfundsonline.AfteranewspaperrananarticleaboutSareana,donationspouredin-nearly$30,000!Shepaidforschoolandhadenoughmoneylefttorentasmallapartment.SheandhermommovedintoitinJanuary2015.1、WhathappenedtoSareanain2014?A．Shelostherfather.B．Shebecamehomeless.C．Hermomabandonedher.D．Herhousewasdestroyed.2、Sareanastartedanorganizationto.A．teachpeopletocookB．supportpoorpeopleC．earnmoneyD．helpyouth3、Sareanafinallyfoundherownapartment.A．byraisingmoneyB．bydoingpart—timejobsC．withthehelpofherfriendsD．withthehelpofhercollegPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Calligraphy,theartofwriting,wasthevisualartformprizedaboveallothersintraditionalChinaPaintingwascontemporarywithcalligraphy,sharing1．sametools—namely,brushandinkYetcalligraphywasregarded2．a(chǎn)fineartlongbeforepaintingThestatusofcalligraphyreflectstheimportanceofthewordinChina3．makesthewrittenwordsdistinctiveisitsvisualformHowever,despiteitsabstract4．(appear),calligraphyisnotanabstractformChinesecharactersaredynamic,closelyconnectedwiththeforcesofnatureandthekinesthetic(運(yùn)動(dòng))energiesofthehumanbodyHowcanasimplecharacterconveyallthis?Theuseofbrushandink5．(have)muchtodowithitAcalligraphercancontrolthe6．(thick)oftheinkbyvaryingboththeamountofwaterandthesolidinkOncehestartswriting,byloadingthebrushsometimeswith7．(much)inkorsometimeswithless,hecreatescharactersthatresembleashowerofrockshereandadropofdew(露珠)thereTheChinesewrittenlanguage8．(begin)todevelopmorethan3,000yearsagoand9．(eventual)evolvedintofivebasicscripttypesOverthecenturies,calligrapherswerefreetowriteinanyofthem,10．(depend)onthetext’sfunctionThecalligraphictraditionremainsalivetodayReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwordsortheproperformsofthegivenwordsorphraseInlookingatadvertising,whatitboilsdowntointhemostsimpletermsisconveyingacentralideausing1．(create)soastogenerate(產(chǎn)生)anemotionalreactionandattractthewidestattentionTheideaisconnectedwithyourproductorserviceandisusuallyakeysellingpointThepurposeofyouradistodrawtheattentionofyouraudienceandleavethemwithapositive2．(impress)aboutyourofferingThemostbasicofadvertisingtechniquesissimplyshowcasingyourproduct,serviceorbrandnameitselfina(n)3．(attract)lightComparedtotherelativelydull“ordinary”world,seeingabrightand4．(shine)productorserviceadorlogomakesitseemveryappealingWithbrandpromotion,itgoeswithoutsayingthatyouneedtohavearecognizedbrandnametobegin5．Thesimpleactofshowingpeopleyourproductorserviceisoneofthemostcommonadvertisingtechniquesandthisiseffectiveinpaintingapictureforyouraudienceof6．theywoulduseyourproductorservicethemselvesBesides,advertisinginvolvesacreativestrategyandwhatIwanttoemphasize(強(qiáng)調(diào))isthatthisis7．makesthebestadsworkDon’tworry8．nothingcomestoyouanditisokay9．(take)inspirationfromothercreativeadideasyouseeifyoudonothavethebudgettohireatopadvertisingagencyJustthinkaboutitandexperiment10．(comeupwith)newwaysofgettingyourmessageacrossvisuallyandwiththerightwordsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Solarenergy,whichcomesfromthesun’srays,isusedforelectricity,hotwater,andcooking.1、Whentravelingalongwayandenteringtheearth’satmospheretheybecomedilute(稀薄的).Thoughsolarenergyisknowntobeenvironmentallyfriendly,ithasnotonlysomeadvantagesbutalsosomedisadvantages.Let’sstartwiththesimpleadvantageofsolarenergy.2、Tomakeelectricityorheatwithsolarenergyyouonlyneedthesun’sraysanddon’tuseoil.Solarenergyischeapercomparedwithelectricheating.3、Ifyouliveinafarawayareawheretherearenopowerlines,usingsolarenergycanbetheanswer.Eventhoughalloftheaboveisveryuseful,solarenergyalsohassomedisadvantages.Themaindisadvantageofsolarenergyisthatit’sdilute.Thismeansyouhavetohavemanysolarcollectorsfixedaroundyourhouse.4、Anotherdisadvantageisthatsolarenergycan’tbeproducedinalltheplaces.Ifyou’relivinginapartofthisbeautifulplanetwherethereisnotmuchsunlightthenusingsolarenergycouldbeaproblem.Ofcourseifyouliveindesertareas,thesunproducesmuchsunshineforthemostpartoftheyearanditisidealforsolarenergycollecting.5、Thereforeifyouneedelectricityorhotwaterduringthenight,likemanyofusdo,itcanbeaproblem.You’llneedbatterysystemsthatcanstoresolarenergyforlateruse.A．Solarenergyisclean.B．Thesunhasmuchenergy.C．Lastly,thesunonlyshinesduringtheday.D．Thesun’srayscomefromthefarawaysun.E.Thatisanotherbigadvantageofsolarenergy.F.Fixingsolarenergyinyourhomeisagoodchoiceforyou.G.Solarenergymaybecheapbutthesolarcollectorsareexpensive.第二節(jié)（共5小題；根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。OnatypicalhotAugustdayinXianyouCounty,FujianProvince,ZengDemei,aretiredworkerinhisseventies,hurriesdownabusystreet．Inhishandisablackleatherbag．Zengopenshisbag,takingouttwoforms．71Eachoftheformscontainsdetailedinformationofastudent．Onhisarrivaltwohourslaterawomangreetshimandleadshimtoherofficewhereanothermaniswaiting．Theyarethetwovillageofficials．TheyinspecttheformshandedtothembyZengandimmediatelyrecognizethegirls．72?"It’sapitybutitdoesn'tmatter．"saysZeng,whowastesnotimeindecidingtolookfortheremainingchild,SuQiuju．Afterhalfanhour,theystopoutsideasmallhousemad