外研版英語(yǔ)選修八講義Module2TheRenaissanceSectionⅢIntegratingSkillsCulturalCornerWord版含答案

SectionⅢIntegratingSkills&CulturalCorner重點(diǎn)單詞寫(xiě)作詞匯1.reckonv． 認(rèn)為2.passerbyn. (過(guò))路人3.suspectn. (犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子4.chiefadj. 最重要的；首要的5.drawbackn. 不利因素6.debtn． 債務(wù)；人情債7.merelyadv. 僅僅；只不過(guò)8.outen. 結(jié)果；后果9.blamen. (對(duì)錯(cuò)事或壞事應(yīng)付的)責(zé)任10.passionn. 激情，熱愛(ài)拓展詞匯11.fleev．逃跑，逃掉→fled/fled過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞12.appealv.懇求；呼吁→appealingadj.動(dòng)人心弦的13.lossn.丟失；喪失→losevt.丟失；迷失→lostadj.丟失的14.seekv.尋找；尋求→sought/sought過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞15.giftedadj.有天賦的；有才華的→giftn．天賦；天才；禮物16.inspirev．鼓舞，激勵(lì)→inspiredadj.有靈感的；得到啟示的→inspiringadj.激勵(lì)人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的→inspirationn．靈感閱讀詞匯17.overnightadj. 持續(xù)整夜的18.taxv. 對(duì)……征稅，向……課稅19.anecdoten. 趣聞，軼事20.authenticadj. (書(shū)畫(huà)、文件、書(shū)籍等)原作的21.spokesmann. 發(fā)言人；代言人22.burglarn. 竊賊，小偷23.antiqueadj. 古時(shí)制造的，古董的24.basementn. 地下室；地下層25.courtyardn. 庭院，院子26.moustachen. 小胡子27.parceln. (小)包裹28.dashv. 猛沖29.crossingn. 十字路口；交叉口30.crossroadsn. 十字路口31.sideroadn. 旁路，旁側(cè)路32.circulatev． 流傳；傳播33.gangn. (犯人的)一群，一幫34.tentativeadj. 不確定的；試探性的35.fundamentaladj. 根本的；基本的36.superbadj. 極好的；超級(jí)的37.substituten. 代替物；代替品38.confidentialadj. 秘密的，機(jī)密的39.libertyn. 自由；自由權(quán)40.movableadj. 活動(dòng)的，可移動(dòng)的41.squeezev. 榨出；擠出；壓出(液體)42.Biblen. 圣經(jīng)43.officialn. 官員，高級(jí)職員44.ruraladj. 農(nóng)村的，鄉(xiāng)村的45.professionn. 職業(yè)46.calculatev. 計(jì)算重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.dependon 依靠，依賴；取決于(條件、情況)2.inhistory 歷史上3.leavefor 出發(fā)去某地4.onbehalfof 代表……5.leavesth.behind 把……拋在后面6.gettiredofdoingsth. 厭倦做某事；厭煩做某事7.atliberty 獲得自由的8.upto 到(某個(gè)數(shù)量)9._leadto_ 導(dǎo)致，通向，通往10.takeup 從事，開(kāi)始做(某項(xiàng)工作)重點(diǎn)句型1.it作形式主語(yǔ)：Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(是否……都不要緊)heisdoingaportraitoralandscape—he’sagenius.2.it作形式賓語(yǔ)：Printingmadeitpossible(印刷使這一點(diǎn)成為了可能)toproducemorecopiesinafewweeksthancouldhavebeenproducedinalifetimewrittenoutbyhand.3.so＋助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)，意為“……也同樣”：ButastheideasoftheRenaissancedeveloped,sodidthedemandfor(需求也增加了)theGreekandLatinclassics,whichhadbeenlargelyignoredforupto2，000years.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)ReadthepassageThePuzzleoftheMonaLisaandchoosethebestanswer.1．DeValfiernowantedeveryonetohearaboutthenewsoftheburglar________．A．totellthebuyerstherealMonaLisawasjustacopyB．tomakesixcopiesC．toavoidpayingPerugiaD．toconvinceeachbuyerhehadtheauthenticpaintingandnotacopy2．Thesixbuyersdidn’tknowabouttheotherpaintingsbecause________．A．theyhadn’theardthenewsB．theymighthaveguessedthattheirpaintingwasacopyC．deValfiernohadtoldthemtheircopywastheauthenticpaintingD．Perugiahadwaitedsolongbeforetryingtosellthepainting3．Themainideaofthepassageisthat________．A．theMonaLisawasstolensothatsomeonecouldmakesixcopiesandsellthemtocollectorsB．PerugiastoletheMonaLisaonbehalfofhisboss,whosimplymadecopiesbutdidn’tpayhimforstealingthepaintingC．theMonaLisawasstolen,copiesweremade,andnoonenowknowsifthepaintingwhichwasreturnedisauthenticD．theMonaLisaintheLouvreMuseumtodayisacopyandnottheauthenticpainting4．Whattypeoftextisthepassage?A．Adescription.B．Anarrative.C．Anargument.D．Astory.答案：1－4.DCCBeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)ReadthepassagePrintingandjudgethefollowingstatementsTrue(T)orFalse(F)．1．PrintingwasoneoftheChineseancientinventions．()2．Printingwaspopularbecausepeopleweredyingforknowledge．()3．ThefirstpapermillinAsiawasbuiltattheendofthe12thcentury．()4．Inthelatefifteenthcentury,Europebecameoneofthemostimportantcentresoftheprintingindustry．()5．Withthedevelopmentoftheprintingpress,theRenaissancemayhavehappened．()答案：1－5.TTFFTdependon/upon相信，信賴；依靠；依……而定；取決于(教材P22)UnlikeotherplacesinEurope,wherehouseownersweretaxedonthesizeoftheirwindows,herethetaxesdependedonthewidthofthehouse—sotheykeptthemnarrow,butbuiltthemtall.在歐洲其他地方，房屋主人要根據(jù)窗戶的尺寸納稅；此處卻不同，這里的稅金是根據(jù)房屋的寬度而定——因此他們就把房屋蓋得很窄但卻很高。dependonsb.todosth.＝dependonsb.’sdoingsth. 依靠某人做某事dependonitthat... 相信；指望That/Itdepends. 那得看情況。(口語(yǔ))①Weshouldn’tdependonourparentsformoney.我們不應(yīng)該向父母要錢。②(安徽卷)Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.一個(gè)人的智力極限，通常來(lái)說(shuō)，出生時(shí)就已經(jīng)定型了，但他是否能夠達(dá)到這些極限則取決于他的生活環(huán)境。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①a．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,depending(depend)ontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.b．(2017·浙江卷6月)Howmuchsleepyouneeddepends(depend)alotonyourage.②Jimisalwayslate,soyoucannotdependonhimtoe(e)ontime.③Don’tworry.Youcandependon/uponitthathe’llturnupontime.Healwayskeepshispromises.[鏈接寫(xiě)作]——詞匯升級(jí)(普通表達(dá))Wecanbelievethathecandealwithalltheproblemsinhisownway.④(高級(jí)表達(dá))Wecandependonhimtodealwithalltheproblemsinhisownway.⑤(高級(jí)表達(dá))Wecandependonitthathecan_dealwithalltheproblemsinhisownway.dependon/relyon/seeto等后接that從句時(shí)，要先在that前加形式賓語(yǔ)it，構(gòu)成dependon/relyon/seetoitthat...結(jié)構(gòu)。leavesth.behind把……拋在后面(教材P25)Theburglarlefttheantiqueframeandtheglassbehind.盜竊犯把古時(shí)的畫(huà)框和玻璃留了下來(lái)。leavesb./sth.alone 不要打擾某人；別碰某物leavefor 出發(fā)去某地leaveout 省略；遺漏 ①IleftmyfamilybehindwhenIwenttoworkinIndonesia.我到印度尼西亞工作時(shí)，把家人留在了家里。②(朗文辭典)You’llhavetoputinsomeextraworkatnightifyoudon’twanttogetleftbehind.如果你不希望落后，就得在晚上做一些額外的工作。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①He’sinabadmoodrightnow.We’dbetterleavehimalone．②ImetProfessorGreeninthestreettheotherdayandhetoldmehewouldsoonleaveforBritain.③Busytalkingwithmyoldfriend,Ileftmynewlyboughtdictionary_behind_onthebus.[鏈接寫(xiě)作]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)他們?nèi)绱舜中囊灾劣诼┑袅艘粋€(gè)重要的細(xì)節(jié)。④(普通表達(dá))Theyweresocarelessthattheyleftoutanimportantdetail．⑤(高級(jí)表達(dá))Socarelessweretheythattheyleftoutanimportantdetail．(倒裝句)appealv．求助；呼吁；吸引；上訴n．懇求；上訴；吸引力(教材P25)We’reappealingtoanyonewhosawthesuspecttocontactus.我們呼吁任何看到嫌疑人的人與我們聯(lián)系。(1)sth.appealtosb. 某物對(duì)某人有吸引力appeal(tosb.)forsth. 懇求/呼吁(某人)某事appealtosb.todosth. 呼吁/請(qǐng)求某人做某事(2)makeanappealtosb.for/todosth. 懇求/呼吁某人(做)某事(3)appealingadj. 有吸引力的；求助的；懇求的 ①Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicforanyinformationaboutthemissinggirl.警方呼吁公眾提供有關(guān)這個(gè)失蹤女孩的任何消息。②She’snothappywiththedecisionandplanstoappeal.她不服判決，打算上訴。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(江西卷)Sporthasbeeanimportantformofentertainment,appealingtobothmenandwomen.②(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)And,evenifIweren’texcitedenoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutourinstructorwasappealing(appeal)enoughtome.seekv．(sought；sought)尋找；追求；征求，請(qǐng)求(教材P25)We’reseekingagangofcriminals.我們正在尋找一幫犯罪分子。(1)seektodosth. 試圖/設(shè)法做某事seekfor/after＝lookfor＝searchfor 尋找seeksb.foradvice 尋求某人的建議seeksth.fromsb. 向某人尋求某物(2)seekone’sadvice/help/assistance 征求某人的建議/幫助/協(xié)助①(山東卷)Apanywhoseprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.一家在國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)利潤(rùn)下降的公司可能會(huì)去國(guó)外謀求機(jī)會(huì)。②(天津卷)Thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.這本書(shū)使那些想尋求自己的答案的學(xué)生產(chǎn)生自信心。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2018·北京卷)Morethan750，000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseeking(seek)employmentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.②(江蘇卷)Scientistshavebeenseekingtounderstand_(understand)themysteryofthe“sixthsense”ofdirection.③(2017·江蘇卷)OntheInternetpeoplecanseekfor/afterinformationabouttheirfavouritestarsandbuyticketsatadiscountaswell.過(guò)去式含-aught或-ought的動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞原形中有字母a的，其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞改為-aught；不含字母a的則常為-ought。catch→caught→caught buy→bought→boughtteach→taught→taught fight→fought→foughtbring→brought→brought think→thought→thoughtblamen．過(guò)失；責(zé)備v．責(zé)備(教材P25)TheouteofthestoryisthatPerugiagottheblameforthecrimeandwenttoprison.故事的結(jié)局是佩魯賈為這起犯罪承擔(dān)責(zé)任并進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。(1)taketheblamefor... 為……承擔(dān)責(zé)任lay/puttheblameonsb. 把責(zé)任歸咎于某人(2)blamesb./sth.forsth. 因……而責(zé)備某人/事blamesth.onsb. 把某事怪到某人頭上betoblame(for...) (因?yàn)椤?應(yīng)受指責(zé) ①Badworkmenoftenblametheirtools.拙匠常怪工具差。②(四川卷)You’vefailedtodowhatyouwereexpectedtoandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.期望你做的事你沒(méi)做成，我害怕老師會(huì)責(zé)備你。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(廣東卷)Onceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.②(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.[鏈接寫(xiě)作]——用blame的適當(dāng)形式完成下面小片段③他因這起事故受到了責(zé)備，但他把它歸咎于別人。事實(shí)上，是他，而不是別人，該為此承擔(dān)責(zé)任。Hewasblamedfortheaccident,butheblameditonothers.Infact,itishe,notothers,thatistoblamefor/takestheblameforit.betoblameforsth.意為“應(yīng)為某事負(fù)責(zé)或受指責(zé)”，其中不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。upto直到；多達(dá)(數(shù)量、程度等)；勝任；正在做，從事著；由……決定的(教材P27)ButastheideasoftheRenaissancedeveloped,sodidthedemandfortheGreekandLatinclassics,whichhadbeenlargelyignoredforupto2，000years.但隨著文藝復(fù)興觀念的發(fā)展，人們對(duì)希臘和拉丁經(jīng)典作品的需求也增加了，而這些經(jīng)典作品已經(jīng)被忽視達(dá)兩千年了。beuptosb. 由某人決定，由某人負(fù)責(zé)It’suptosb.todosth. 應(yīng)由某人做某事①Itcantakeuptothreemonthstoteachanewsong.教會(huì)一首新歌可能要花上多達(dá)三個(gè)月的時(shí)間。②(上海卷)It’suptoyouwhatkindoflifeyouwillleadinthefuture.未來(lái)你將過(guò)什么樣的生活由你自己來(lái)決定。[鏈接寫(xiě)作]——完成句子①一切都需要你自己弄清楚你的朋友想要什么。It’suptoyoutofigureoutwhatyourfriendwants.②不論你想要做什么，真正做決定的還是你自己。Whateveryouwanttodo,it’strulyuptoyou．takeup拿起；繼續(xù)；占據(jù)；從事，開(kāi)始做(某項(xiàng)工作)；接受；養(yǎng)成(教材P27)Withoutinexpensiveprintingtomakebooksavailabletoalargesectionofsociety,thesonofJohnShakespeare,agovernmentofficialinruralEnglandinthemid-1500s,mayneverhavebeeninspiredtotakeupwritingasaprofession.假如沒(méi)有低廉的印刷技術(shù)使得廣大社會(huì)階層有書(shū)可讀，16世紀(jì)中期英格蘭鄉(xiāng)村的政府官員——約翰·莎士比亞的兒子也許根本不可能受到鼓舞而將寫(xiě)作作為職業(yè)。[一詞多義]——寫(xiě)出下列句中takeup的含義①(安徽卷)Wetriedtofindatableforseven，buttheywerealltakenup.占用②(陜西卷)Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.開(kāi)始做，從事③Theteachertookupthelessonwhereheleftofflastweek.繼續(xù)④Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受takein 欺騙；理解；吸收takeon 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)；從事takeover 接管；控制takeoff 休息；(飛機(jī))起飛 [鏈接寫(xiě)作]——完成句子⑤(2016·四川卷)睡前你吸收的脂肪越多，晚上你給身體增加的負(fù)擔(dān)越大。Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.⑥(江蘇卷)在遭受大地震成為廢墟后不久，這座城市呈現(xiàn)出新面貌。Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecity_tookonanewlook.eq\a\vs4\al(it作形式賓語(yǔ))(教材P27)Printingmadeitpossibletoproducemorecopiesinafewweeksthancouldhavebeenproducedinalifetimewrittenoutbyhand.印刷使這一點(diǎn)成為了可能，在數(shù)周內(nèi)印刷出來(lái)的書(shū)比一個(gè)人一輩子手工抄寫(xiě)的書(shū)還要多。句中“madeitpossibletoproduce”為“makeit＋adj./n.＋(forsb./sth.)todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。當(dāng)不定式短語(yǔ)或從句等作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)多用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)句型：(1)動(dòng)詞＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋(forsb.)todosth.(2)動(dòng)詞＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋從句(3)動(dòng)詞＋it＋nogood/nouse/novalue/worth/worthwhile＋doingsth.常用于上述句型的動(dòng)詞有make/think/consider/find/feel/believe等。Thefactthatshewasaforeignermadeitdifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.她是外國(guó)人的事實(shí)使得她在那個(gè)國(guó)家很難找到工作。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2016·北京卷)Tomakeiteasier_toget(get)intouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.②(陜西卷)Nomatterwhereheis,hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填詞1．Riceisthechief(主要的)cropinmostsouthernprovincesofChina.2．Thiswoundedsoldierwasunconsciousbecauseofhisloss(失去)ofblood.3．Theyareseeking(尋找)themostbalanceddietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.4．ThefewhoursIspentinthelibraryhadbroughtbackmyoldpassion(激情)forreading.5．Sincetheearlyageoftheputer’sfavorite,IchosetheITprofession(職業(yè))．6．Goodleadersmustbeabletomotivateandinspire(鼓舞)theirteams.7．Ineverblame(責(zé)備)failures—therearetoomanyplicatedsituationsinlife.8．Thebeggarsatoutsidethebuildingaskingpassersby(過(guò)路人)formoney.9．Whilewatchingoutforthetallmaninablackhat,hefoundanothersuspect(嫌疑人)．10．Aknowledgeofeconomicsisfundamental(根本的)toanyunderstandingofthisproblem.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯(cuò)1．Theboywastiringofthisgame,andhebegantowatchTV.tiring→tired2．Youwillendupinthedebtifyoukeeponspendingmoneylikethat.去掉the3．Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethiefbecaught.be→being4．Ihavemadeitclearwhethertomorrow’smeetingwillbeputofftillthedayaftertomorrowbecauseofthebadweather.whether→that5．I’mverygladtoputonaperformancehereonthebehalfofourschool.去掉theeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)課文語(yǔ)篇改錯(cuò)LeonardowasborninasmalltowninTuscany,inthecentreofItaly.Attheschoolhisteacherswereastonishingbyhistalent.ButLeonardothoughthisprogresseswasdisappointingbecausehehasn’tlearntenough.Soinsteadrelaxingeveningsspentwithfriends,LeonardopreferredstudyingLatinbyhim.Hewasgoodatsomething:hewasastrongathleteandhehadafinesingingvoice.Buthewasespeciallyinterestedinpainting.Whenhewas14hewenttoworkforawell-knownartistVerrocchioandsoonbecameagreatartistthanhismaster.Hisfirstknowndrawing,showingavalleyinTuscany,isastonishing.Itshowsapletenewapproachtoperspective.Thescenelooksreal.答案：LeonardowasborninasmalltowninTuscany,inthecentreofItaly.Ateq\a\vs4\al(the)schoolhisteacherswereeq\f(astonishing,astonished)byhistalent.ButLeonardothoughthiseq\f(progresses,progress)wasdisappointingbecauseheeq\f(hasn’t,hadn’t)learntenough.Soinsteadeq\o(∧,\s\do8(of))relaxingeveningsspentwithfriends,LeonardopreferredstudyingLatinbyeq\f(him,himself).Hewasgoodateq\f(something,everything)：hewasastrongathleteandhehadafinesingingvoice.Buthewasespeciallyinterestedinpainting.Whenhewas14hewenttoworkforeq\f(a,the)well-knownartistVerrocchioandsoonbecameaeq\f(great,greater)artistthanhismaster.Hisfirstknowndrawing,showingavalleyinTuscany,isastonishing.Itshowsaeq\f(plete,pletely)newapproachtoperspective.Thescenelooksreal.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Hisspeechwassoinspiring(inspire)thathisstudentswereinspiredtowork(work)harderthaneverbefore.2．Suspected(suspect)ofcarryingdrugs,thetravelerwasstoppedbythecustomsofficer.3．Intheearly1920s,thousandsofpeoplewenttoAustraliatoseek(seek)theirfortune.4．Youmaydependonitthattheywilllookafteryourdaughterwhenyouareawayforthemeeting.5．(2019·天津耀華高二月考)It’suptothetravelpaniestowarn(warn)customersofanypossibledangers.6．IhavemadeitclearthatIhavenothingtodowiththeaccident.7．Tom,ratherthanhisteammates,wastoblame(blame)forthefailureofthevolleyballmatchyesterday.8．Makesurethatyouwon’tleavebehindyourwalletbeforeleavinghome.9．Afterretirement,Mr.Smithtookuppainting,whichhehadalwayslovedbuthadnothadtimefor.10．HiswonderfulperformancesappealtoallagesandsocialgroupsinChina.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解LeonardodaVinci,thesonofalocallawyer,wasbornon15April1452neartheTuscantownofVinci.Hewasapprenticed(做學(xué)徒)tothesculptorandpainterAndreadelVerrocchioinFlorenceandin1478becameanindependentmaster.Inabout1483,hemovedtoMilantoworkfortheruling(統(tǒng)治的)Sforzafamilyasanengineer,sculptor,painterandarchitect.LeonardowasinMilanuntilthecitywasinvadedbytheFrenchin1499andtheSforzafamilywasforcedtoflee.HemayhavevisitedVenicebeforereturningtoFlorence.DuringhistimeinFlorence,hepaintedseveralportraits,buttheonlyonethatsurvivesisthefamousportrait—theMonaLisa(1503－1506).In1506,LeonardoreturnedtoMilan,stayingthereuntil1513.ThiswasfollowedbythreeyearslivinginRome.In1517,attheinvitationoftheFrenchKingFrancisⅠ，LeonardomovedtotheChateauofCloux,nearAmboiseinFrance,wherehediedon2May，1519.ThefameofLeonardo’ssurvivingpaintingsmeansthathehasbeenregardedprimarilyasanartist,butthethousandsofsurvivingpagesofhisnotebooksshowthemostbrilliantmind.Hewroteanddrewonsubjectsincludinggeology,anatomy(解剖學(xué)),whichhestudiedinordertopaintthehumanformmoreexactly.He“invented”thebicycle,airplane,helicopter,andparachutesome500yearsaheadoftheirtime.Ifalltheseworkshadbeenpublishedinanunderstandableform,Leonardo’splaceasapioneeringscientistwouldhavebeenbeyonddebate.Yethistruegeniuswasnotasascientistoranartist,butasabinationofthetwo:anartist-engineer.Hispaintingwasscientific,basedonadeepunderstandingoftheworkingsofthehumanbodyandthephysicsoflightandshade.Hissciencewasexpressedthroughart,andhisdrawingsanddiagramsshowedwhathemeant,andhowheunderstoodtheworldworked.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了達(dá)·芬奇的生平以及其在繪畫(huà)、科學(xué)等方面的成就。1．Leonardo’scareerreacheditspeakprobablyduringhisstayin________．A．Milan B．VeniceC．Florence D．RomeC解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句可知，達(dá)·芬奇在Florence期間創(chuàng)作了很多繪畫(huà)，其中留下來(lái)的只有《蒙娜·麗莎》，由此推斷，這個(gè)時(shí)期是他事業(yè)的巔峰。2．WhydidLeonardostudyanatomy?A．Hewantedtobeadoctor.B．Hehadstronginterestinit.C．Hewantedtoinventotherobjects.D．Hewantedtopaintthehumanformexactly.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句可知，達(dá)·芬奇研究解剖學(xué)的目的是為了更加精確地描繪人體。3．Whatdoesthelastparagraphintendtotellus?A．Leonardohadaspecialwayofpainting.B．Leonardowasbothanartistandascientist.C．Leonardowasanartistinsteadofascientist.D．Leonardowasmoreofascientistthananartist.B解析：段落大意題。綜合文章最后一段，本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)達(dá)·芬奇是畫(huà)家和科學(xué)家的融合，既是畫(huà)家也是科學(xué)家。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完形填空Gradythrewdownhisbackpackandslammedthecardoorshut.“Thisisgoingtobeareally1week，”hesaidunhappilytonoone2．Helookedaroundthecampground.Hundredsofblue-greenfirtrees,someastallaschurchtowers，3themountainside,givingittheappearanceofalushgreencarpet.Thesunwouldbesettingsoon.Then,Gradythought,maybethe4wouldn’tfeelsobad.Evenuphereinthe5，thehotstickinessofJulyclungtohim.Gradyhatedcamping，butitwassomethinghisfamily6everysummer.Hisfatherlikedcookingoveranopenfire，tellingstoriesabouthowto7thingslikebearattacksandswarmsofbees.HismotherandyoungerbrotherJaredlikedtohikeandtake8ofanimals.Jaredhadacollectionofbugpicturesthathe’d9tothewallsinhishalfoftheirroom.GradythoughttheywerejustscaryandconsideredthemproofthatJaredwasa10kid.Theysetupcamp—two11，oneforhisparentsandoneforhimselfandJared.Whileeveryoneelsestarted12dinner，Grady，lookingforsomeplacetocooldown，setoffforthenearbystream，whichwasdeepenoughto13in.Ashe14thestream，somethingcaughthiseye.Therewasa(n)15blackbearcub—nomorethantwofeettallwithalovelyface.Itwasplaying16atthewater’sedge，17itssurroundings.Gradymovedclosertogeta18look.ThenGradyheardasoundbehindhim.He19hisfathersayingthatbearcubswouldneverbe20．Thenheturnedaroundandsawthecub’smothermovingswiftlytowardshim...【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述的是Grady和家人一起露營(yíng)，由于天氣太熱，Grady獨(dú)自一人去找小溪乘涼，卻遇到了黑熊的故事。1．A.long B．interestingC．peaceful D．riskyA解析：根據(jù)空后的“unhappily”可知，此處應(yīng)用long表示這一周會(huì)很漫長(zhǎng)。long“漫長(zhǎng)的”；interesting“有趣的”；peaceful“和平的，平靜的”；risky“危險(xiǎn)的，冒險(xiǎn)的”。2．A.inadvance B．inbriefC．inparticular D．insilenceC解析：他不高興地自言自語(yǔ)道：“這將是很漫長(zhǎng)的一周。”Grady并沒(méi)有特別地對(duì)某個(gè)人說(shuō)，因此，C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。insilence“安靜地，無(wú)聲地”。3．A.blocked B．coveredC．reflected D．scarredB解析：數(shù)以百計(jì)的藍(lán)綠色冷杉樹(shù)，有些像教堂塔一樣高，覆蓋著山坡，使山坡呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)郁郁蔥蔥的像綠色地毯的外觀。從下文的“carpet”可知，數(shù)以百計(jì)的冷杉樹(shù)覆蓋著山坡。block“阻止，阻塞”；cover“覆蓋”；reflect“反射，映出”；scar“結(jié)疤，給……留下傷痕”。4．A.dust B．campgroundC．heat D．sunC解析：根據(jù)上文中的“Thesunwouldbesettingsoon.”及下文中的“thehotstickinessofJulyclungtohim”可知，Grady認(rèn)為太陽(yáng)下山后就不會(huì)那么熱了。故C項(xiàng)heat“高溫”符合語(yǔ)境。dust“塵土”；campground“野營(yíng)地”。5．A.mountain B．riverC．sky D．towerA解析：即使在山上，7月的炎熱依舊如影隨形。根據(jù)上文中的“mountainside”可知，作者的野營(yíng)地在山上。故選A項(xiàng)。6．A.believedin B．insistedonC．cameacross D．livedth