2022-2023學年上海市文建中學高一上學期英語期中考試試題（解析版）

2022學年第一學期高一年級期中考試英語Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension(20分)SectionADirections：InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.At10：00.B.At10：10.C.At10：20.D.At10：302.A.Onaboattrip.B.Inacinema.C.Atthebeach.D.Attherestaurant.3.A.Planherbudgetcarefully.B.Buyagiftforhermother.'C.Givehimmoreinformation.D.Asksomeoneelseforsuggestions.4.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Customerandsalesgirl.CManandwife.D.Customerandwaitress：5.A.Stressed.B.DissatisfiedC.BoredD.Exhausted.6.A.Fineherforbreakingthetrafficregulation.B.TeachherhowtodriveintheonewaystreetC.Showherthewaytothepolicestation.D.Lethergowithoutanypunishment.7.A.Thekidswenttoseeamovie.B.Thekidswerehappy.C.Thechildrenchangedtheplan.D.Thewomanbrokeherpromise.8.A.Shedidn'tfeelwell.B.Shewentdancingearly.C.Shecamedowntogodancing.D.Shegotmadatthewoman.9.A.Loud.B.boring.C.Funny.D.Exciting.10.A.Heisnotsurprisedatthewoman'splayingataconcerttomorrow.B.Hewon'tgivethewomanasurpriseattheconcerttomorrow.CHeunderstandsthewoman’snervousfeelingandthinksitnormal.D.Hewillasoplayattheconcerttomorrowwiththewoman.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Therearetoomanypeopleandcarsaroundyou.B.Thetaxidrivertalkstoyouallthetime.C.Singersorsportsannouncerstellyouwhatyoushouldbecarefulaboutinperson.D.Thevoiceofafamouspersongivesyouwarningmessages.12.A.Morethan12,000.B.Over15,000.C.About11.000.D.Lessthan10,000.13.A.Thepassengerswon'tfastentheseatbeltB.Thepassengerswillcomplain.C.Thedriverwillbepunishedfinancially.D.Thedriverwillbeawarded$100.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.14.A.Pink.B.Green.C.Purple.D.White.15.A.Recyclingiscompulsory.B.Mostrecyclingprogramsdon'tsucceedinthatpeopledon'twanttodeliverrubbish.C.Theprimaryworkofthevolunteersistocollectandsortrubbishtothesamecenter.D.Thevolunteerswilldevotesixhoursaweektodealingwithrubbish.16.A.Toexplainwhyrecyclingisimportant.B.Todescribetherecyclingprogram.C.Todiscusswhetherornotrecyclingshouldbecompulsory.D.Totellpeoplehowtotelldifferentsortsofrubbishcansapart.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17A.Apilot.B.Anurse.C.Anairhostess.D.Alanguageteacher.18.A.SheisfluentinEnglish.B.Shelikesdealingwithpeople.C.Flyingintheskyisher,dream.D.Sheiskeenontravelling.19.A.Friendlybuttimid.B.Beautifulandeasy-going.C.Open-mindedandflexible.D.Imaginativeandwarm-hearted.20.A.Thewomanisnearsighted.B.TheresultoftheinterviewwasannouncedrightafteritwasfinishedC.Thewomansometimeshesitatestoexpressherdislikeforothers'behaviours.D.One'sheightisnotrequiredforthejob.II：GrammarandVocabulary(每題1分，共20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword:fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Icanstillremembertheafternoonwhenweclimbedthemountainasifitwereyesterday.Itwasasunnyday.Eagertospendsometimeoutside,Iwentupthemountainwithmyuncle.Themountainwashard_____1_____(climb)andhadtoughrocksandstreamsonit.Intheend,_____2_____(exhaust)andhot,Icouldn’tgoanyfurther.Sowewentbackdownthemountainintheend.Onthewaybackdown,myuncleaskedmeaquestion,_____3_____leftmespeechlessforasecond:“What’syourdream,younglady?”“Ihavenoidea,”Ianswered_____4_____thinkingitforawhile.Thenhesmiledandtoldmeabouthisstory.Hedidn’tperformwellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.Althoughnobodythoughthecouldsucceed,heknewclearly____5____hisdreamwas—tobeabusinessman.“IknewIwasn’tgiftedwhenitcametostudying,soItriedtobuysnacksfromamarketandsellthemafterclass,”hetoldme.Afterheleftschool,hestartedsellingdifferentitemstofindoutwhichonewasmostattractivetocustomers.Ofcourse,heoftenhadnomoneyinhispocket,butnomatterhowtoughlifewas,henevergaveup.“Thereisnodoubtthataperson_____6_____putsinagreatdealofeforttoreachhisorhergoalwillhavegoodluckatsomepoint.Themeaningofifeistochaseyourdream,”hesaidgently.ThatnightI_____7_____hardlyfallasleep.Ilayinbedtossingandturning,askingmyself,“What’smymotivation?”Ioncewantedtobeatopstudentbutthehardworkneededmeant_____8_____(put)everythingintofollowingmypassion.IfIfindmyselflackingwillpower,whatshouldIdo?Leavinghomeearlythenextmorning,Iclimbedthemountainagainby_____9_____Itmademethink:Ifwedon’texperiencetheclimb,howcanwegettoseethesceneryonthetopofthemountain?Intheend,Ireachedthetopand______10______(fascinate)bythewarmbreezeandsunshine.Nothingcouldbemorepleasantthanthat.【答案】1.toclimb2.exhausted3.which4.after5.what6.who##that7.could8.putting9.myself10.wasfascinated【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。作者結(jié)合自身的登山經(jīng)歷感悟到：要欣賞美景，必須付出努力?！?題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：這座山很難爬，上面有堅硬的巖石和溪流。形容詞后用不定式作原因狀語，句子的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語，用主動表被動，故填toclimb?！?題詳解】考查比較級。句意：最后，我筋疲力盡，很熱，再也走不遠了。分析句子可知，空處用形容詞exhausted與hot并列作伴隨狀語，解釋說明主語I的狀態(tài)，故填exhausted?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在回來的路上，叔叔問了我一個問題，讓我一時啞口無言。分析句子可知，此處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為question，指物，從句中缺乏主語，用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：我想了一會兒才回答，“我不知道”。介詞after表示“在……之后”，符合句意，故填after?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：盡管沒有人認為他能成功，但他清楚地知道自己的夢想是什么——成為一名商人。分析句子可知，此處引導knew的賓語從句，從句中缺少was的表語，表示“什么”，用連接代詞what，故填what?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：毫無疑問，一個為達到目標付出巨大努力的人在某些時候會有好運氣。分析句子可知，空處引導定語從句，修飾aperson，指人，從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞who或者that。故填who/that?！?題詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：那天晚上我?guī)缀鯚o法入睡。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“能夠”，空后是動詞原形，句子在講述過去發(fā)生的事情，故用情態(tài)動詞could，故填could?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我曾經(jīng)想成為一名優(yōu)等生，但所需要的努力意味著把一切都投入到我的激情中。meandoingsth.“意味著做某事”，用動名詞作賓語，故填putting。【9題詳解】考查代詞。句意：第二天一大早離開家，我又一個人爬了山。byoneself“獨自地”，固定短語，結(jié)合主語I，故填myself?！?0題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：最后，我到達了山頂，被溫暖的微風和陽光迷住了。結(jié)合語境可知，全文在講述過去的事情，故用一般過去時，主語為I，且與fascinate之間是被動關(guān)系，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故填wasfascinated。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.featureB.eco-friendlyC.announcedD.importsE.digitalF.budgetG.extensivelyH.acquireI.technologyJ.competitivenessK.crucialChinaSettoMakeOwnBallpointPenTips(圓珠筆筆頭)OneofChina’smajorstainlesssteel(不銹鋼)producershasindependentlydevelopedthespecialsteelneededtomaketheballpointpentipsandplanstomass-producethematerialtoreplace_____11_____intwoyears.Thegrouphasspentfiveyearsonresearchanddevelopmentto_____12_____thetechnology,endingalong-termChinesereliance(依賴)onforeignpentips.Withoutthistechnology,China’spenmanufacturers,whichproduce38billionballpointpensperyear,havehadtobuythe_____13_____partsfromoverseasmarkets,costingtheindustry$17.3millionayear,accordingtotheChinaNationalLightIndustryCouncil.“Itwillbeoneofour_____14_____productsinthelongrun,andwewilltrymorematerialsfortipsofballpointpenstoremaincompetitive,”saidLiJianmin,directorofTISCO’sresearchanddevelopmentcenter.WangHuimian,TISCO’sseniorengineer,saidthecompanywillinvestmore_____15_____andmanpowertodevelopnext-generationballpointpentipsina(n)_____16_____waytofurthercompetewithrivals(競爭對手)inJapanandSwitzerland.“Ifthesefactorsareignored,its_____17_____won’tattractcustomers.”saidWang.Thesuccessfulhome-madepentipshavealsowonwidepopularityon_____18_____socialplatformbecauseawiderange-ofnetizens(網(wǎng)民)‘believethatitisgoingtomotivateournationalmanufacturers.Makingsuchproductsrequireshigh-precision_____19_____.Specialmicroelementsmustbeaddedtoliquidsteeltomakeaqualitytipthatcanwritecontinuallyforatleast800meters.Eagertoenhanceitsearningability,thecompany______20______thatitplannedtoproduce-10.5millionmetrictonsofsteelthisyear,including4.5millionstainlesssteelproducts.ZhaoYing,aresearcherattheInstituteofIndustrialEconomicsoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesinBeijing,said,“Alltheseelementscanbereachedonlythroughlong-terminvestmentandincreasingdevelopment”hesaid.【答案】11.D12.H13.K14.A15.F16.B17.J18.E19.I20.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹中國一家主要的不銹鋼生產(chǎn)商已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)出制造圓珠筆筆尖所需的特殊鋼材，中國準備制造自己的圓珠筆頭?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：中國一家主要的不銹鋼生產(chǎn)商已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)出制造圓珠筆筆尖所需的特殊鋼材，并計劃在兩年內(nèi)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)這種材料，以取代進口材料。分析可知，空處缺名詞，表示“進口商品”為名詞import，且是可數(shù)名詞，用復數(shù)形式。故選D項。【12題詳解】考查動詞。句意：該集團花了5年時間研發(fā)獲得這項技術(shù)，結(jié)束了中國長期依賴外國筆尖的局面。分析可知，空處缺動詞，表示“獲得”為動詞acquire，空前to為動詞不定式符號（作目的狀語），所以填動詞原形。故選H項。【13題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：根據(jù)中國輕工業(yè)委員會的數(shù)據(jù)，如果沒有這項技術(shù)，每年生產(chǎn)380億支圓珠筆的中國筆制造商不得不從海外市場購買關(guān)鍵部件，每年造成1730萬美元的損失。分析可知，空處為形容詞，修飾名詞parts，表示“關(guān)鍵的”為形容詞crucial，符合句意。故選K項。【14題詳解】考查名詞。句意：太鋼研發(fā)中心主任李建民說“從長遠來看，這將是我們的特色產(chǎn)品之一，我們將嘗試更多的材料來做圓珠筆的筆尖，以保持競爭力。”分析可知，空處修飾名詞products，表示“特色”用feature，名詞作定語，強調(diào)被修飾詞的屬性或類別。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：太鋼高級工程師王惠勉表示，該公司將投入更多預算和人力，以環(huán)保的方式開發(fā)下一代圓珠筆筆頭，進一步與日本和瑞士的競爭對手展開競爭。分析可知，空處是賓語用名詞，根據(jù)句意表示“預算”為名詞budget，符合句意。故選F項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：太鋼高級工程師王惠勉表示，該公司將投入更多預算和人力，以環(huán)保的方式開發(fā)下一代圓珠筆筆頭，進一步與日本和瑞士的競爭對手展開競爭。分析可知，空處為形容詞，修飾名詞way，此處表示“環(huán)保的”，所以填eco-friendly。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：如果這些要素被忽視，其核心競爭力不會吸引顧客。分析可知，空處缺名詞作主語，表示“競爭力”為名詞competitiveness，符合句意。故選J項。【18題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：成功的自制筆尖也在數(shù)字社交平臺上廣受歡迎，因為許多網(wǎng)友認為這將激勵我們的“國家制造商”，修飾后文名詞platform應用形容詞，且結(jié)合句意表示”數(shù)字的"，故填digital。故選E。【19題詳解】考查名詞。句意：制造這樣的產(chǎn)品需要高精度的技術(shù)。分析可知，空處缺名詞，表示“技術(shù)”為名詞technology。故選I?！?0題詳解】考查動詞。句意：為了提高盈利能力，該公司宣布今年計劃生產(chǎn)1050萬噸鋼材，其中包括450萬噸不銹鋼產(chǎn)品。從句中缺少謂語，且表示“宣布”動詞為announce，結(jié)合后文itplannedto可知為一般過去時，故填announced，故選C。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(共30分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ChinaandIndiaareRebuildingtheGreenWorldOverthelasttwodecades,theEarthhasseenanincreaseinfoliage(植物)aroundtheplanet,measuredinaverageleafareaperyearonplantsandtrees.DatafromNASAsatellites(衛(wèi)星)showsthatChinaandIndia-two_____21_____economieswiththeworld’sbiggestpopulations-are_____22_____theincreaseingreeningonand.Theeffectcomesmostlyfrom____23____tree-plantingprogramsinChinaandintensiveagriculture(精耕細作)inbothcountries.ResearchersfromBostonUniversityfoundthatglobalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercentsincetheearly2000s,anarea____24____totheentireAmazonrainforest.(亞馬遜熱帶雨林)ThestudywasalsopublishedinthejournalNatureSustainabilityonFebruary11.Itrevealedthatatleast25percentoftheglobalplant____25____thiscenturycameinChina.“ChinaandIndia____26____one-thirdofthegreening,butcontainonlyninepercentoftheplanetslandareacoveredinvegetation,”saidleadauthorChiChenofBostonUniversity.“Thatisasurprisingfinding,consideringthegeneralideaoflanddegradation(退化)inpopulous(人口多)countriesfrom____27____.”China’s____28____contributiontotheglobalgreeningtrendcameinlargepartfromprogramstoprotectandexpandforests,accountingforabout42percentofthegreeningcontribution.Theseprogramsweredevelopedinaneffortto____29____theeffectsofairpollution,soilerosionandclimatechange.Another32percentofthegreeningchangeinChina,and82percentinIndia,resultedfromintensive_____30_____offoodcrops.ThelandareausedtogrowcropsinChinaandIndiahasnotchangedmuchsincetheearly2000s.21.A.developing B.declining C.stimulating D.fading22.A.imposingon B.contributingto C.leadingto D.creatingfor23.A.digital B.extreme C.harmonious D.ambitious24.A.distant B.equal C.related D.resistant25.A.expansion B.substitution C.innovation D.correction26.A.makeup B.takein C.standfor D.consistof27.A.over-reaction B.over-planting. C.overgeneration D.over-explanation28.A.considerate B.grateful C.huge D.regular29.A.forbid B.investigate C.boost D.reduce30.A.cultivation B.demand C.destruction D.supply【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了在過去的二十年里，地球上的樹葉在增加，中國和印度是該過程的主導者，原因在于中國雄心勃勃的植樹計劃和兩國的集約化農(nóng)業(yè)。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：來自美國宇航局衛(wèi)星的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國和印度——世界上人口最多的兩個發(fā)展中的經(jīng)濟體——正在引領(lǐng)陸地綠化的增長。A.developing發(fā)展；B.declining下降。衰退；C.stimulating刺激，激勵；D.fading消失。根據(jù)上文“ChinaandIndia”和常識可知，中國和印度是世界上人口最多的兩個發(fā)展中的經(jīng)濟體。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.imposingon利用，欺騙；B.contributingto有助于；捐獻；C.leadingto導致；引起；D.creatingfor為……創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)下文“Theeffectcomesmostlyfrom____3____tree-plantingprogramsinChinaandintensiveagriculture(精耕細作)inbothcountries.”可知，這兩個國家正引領(lǐng)陸地綠化的增長。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這種影響主要來自中國雄心勃勃的植樹計劃和兩國的集約化農(nóng)業(yè)。A.digital數(shù)碼的；B.extreme極度的；C.harmonious和諧的；D.ambitious有雄心的。根據(jù)下文“plantingprogramsinChina”并結(jié)合事實可知，中國的造林植樹計劃是雄心勃勃的。故選D。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：波士頓大學的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，自本世紀初以來，全球綠葉面積增加了5%，相當于整個亞馬遜雨林的面積。A.distant遙遠的；B.equal相等的；C.related相關(guān)的；D.resistant抵抗的。根據(jù)上文“globalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercent”和“anarea____4____totheentireAmazonrainforest”可推知，此處通過具體的事物描述全球綠葉面積增加的5%的大小，beequalto是固定短語，意為“等于”，表示相當于整個亞馬遜雨林的面積。故選B。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它揭示本世紀全球植物增加的至少25%來自中國。A.expansion膨脹；B.substitution代替；C.innovation創(chuàng)新，革新；D.correction改正，修改。根據(jù)上文“globalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercentsincetheearly2000s”可知，此處指全球綠植的擴張。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：“中國和印度的綠化面積占全球的三分之一，但植被只占地球陸地面積的9%，”波士頓大學的陳馳(ChiChen)說。A.makeup構(gòu)成；B.takein吸收，欺騙；C.standfor代表；D.consistof由……組成。根據(jù)下文“one-thirdofthegreening”可知，此處描述中國和印度的綠化面積的占比，makeup“構(gòu)成”符合語境，表示占了（全球的）三分之一。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)，考慮到人口大國因過度開發(fā)而導致土地退化的普遍觀點。A.over-reaction反應過度；B.over-planting過度種植；C.over-generation過度衍生；D.over-explanation過多解釋。根據(jù)下文“Thatisasurprisingfinding,consideringthegeneralnotionoflanddegradationinpopulouscountries”可知，中國和印度的人口眾多，因此推斷此處表示過渡開發(fā)造成土地退化嚴重。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：中國對全球綠化趨勢的巨大貢獻，很大程度上來自于森林保護和擴大，約占全球綠化貢獻的42%。A.considerate體貼的；B.grateful感激的；C.huge巨大的；D.regular規(guī)則的。根據(jù)下文“accountingforabout42percentofthegreeningcontribution”可知，中國對全球綠化貢獻巨大。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些項目是為了減少空氣污染、土壤侵蝕和氣候變化的影響而制定的。A.forbid禁止；B.investigate調(diào)查；C.boost促進；D.reduce減少。根據(jù)下文“theeffectsofsoilerosion,airpollutionandclimatechange”和常識可知，植樹能夠減少土壤侵蝕、空氣污染和氣候變化的影響。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：中國和印度分別有32%和82%的綠化變化是由于糧食作物的集約種植。A.cultivation培養(yǎng)，耕作；B.demand要求；C.destruction破壞，毀滅；D.supply供給。根據(jù)上文“intensiveagricultureinbothcountries”可知，此處指糧食作物的集約化種植。故選A。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Theconceptofpeaceisaveryimportantoneinculturesallovertheworld.Thinkabouthowwegreetpeople.Insomelanguages,thephrasesforgreetingscontainthewordforpeace.Insomecultureswegreetpeoplebyshakinghandsorwithanothergesturetoshowthatwearenotcarryingweapons–thatwecomeinpeace.Andtherearecertainsymbolswhichpeopleinverydifferentculturesrecognizeasrepresentingpeace.Let’slookatafewofthem.ThedoveThedovehasbeenasymbolofpeaceandinnocenceforthousandsofyearsinmanydifferentcultures.InancientGreekmythologyitwasasymbolofloveandtherenewaloflife.InancientJapanadovecarryingaswordsymbolizedtheendofwar.TherewasatraditioninEuropethatifadoveflewaroundahousewheresomeonewasdyingthentheirsoulwouldbeatpeace.Andtherearelegendswhichsaythatthedevilcanturnhimselfintoanybirdexceptforadove.InChristianart,thedovewasusedtosymbolizetheHolyGhostandwasoftenpaintedaboveChrist'shead.ButitwasPabloPicassowhomadethedoveamodernsymbolofpeacewhenheuseditonaposterfortheWorldPeaceCongressin1949.TherainbowTherainbowisanotherancientanduniversalsymbol,oftenrepresentingtheconnectionbetweenhumanbeingsandtheirgods.InGreekmythologyitwasassociatedwithIris,thegoddesswhobroughtmessagesfromthegodsonMountOlympus.InScandinavianmythologytherainbowwasabridgebetweenthegodsandtheearth.IntheBiblearainbowshowedNoahthattheBiblicalfloodwasfinallyover,andthatGodhadforgivenhispeople.IntheChinesetradition,therainbowisacommonsymbolformarriagebecausethecoloursrepresenttheunionofyinandyang.Nowadaystherainbowisusedbymanypopularmovementsforpeaceandtheenvironment,representingthepossibilityofabetterworldinthefutureandpromisingsunshineaftertherain.TheolivebranchTheolivetreehasalwaysbeenavaluablesourceoffoodandoil.InGreekmythology,thegoddessAthenagavetheolivetreetothepeopleofAthens,whoshowedtheirgratitudebynamingthecityafterher.Butnooneknowsforsurewhenorwhyitbegantosymbolizepeace.ThereisprobablyaconnectionwithancientGreece.WarsbetweenstatesweresuspendedduringtheOlympicGames,andthewinnersweregivencrownsofolivebranches.Thesymbolismmaycomefromthefactthattheolivetreetakesalongtimetoproducefruit,soolivescouldonlybecultivatedsuccessfullyinlongperiodsofpeace.Whateverthehistory,theolivebranchisapartofmanymodernflagssymbolizingpeaceandunity.Onewell-knownexampleistheUnitedNationssymbol.31.Whoplayedthemajorroleinmakingthedoveamodernsymbolofpeace?A.PabloPicasso. B.AgodinGreekmythology.C.JesusChrist. D.AncientJapanese.32.Howmanyexamplesdoesthewritergivetoshowtherainbowasauniversalsymbolofpeace?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.33.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DifferentConceptsofPeace. B.ThepopularityofPeaceSymbols.C.TheOriginsofPeaceSymbols. D.CulturalDifferencesinPeace.【答案】31.A32.D33.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了鴿子、彩虹和橄欖樹等三個和平象征的起源?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ButitwasPabloPicassowhomadethedoveamodernsymbolofpeacewhenheuseditonaposterfortheWorldPeaceCongressin1949.”可知，但正是畢加索（PabloPicasso）在1949年世界和平大會的海報上使用鴿子，使之成為和平的現(xiàn)代象征，由此可知，畢加索在使鴿子成為和平的現(xiàn)代象征方面發(fā)揮了主要作用，故A項正確。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者舉了希臘神話、斯堪的納維亞神話、圣經(jīng)、中國傳統(tǒng)以及和平與環(huán)境的大眾運動等五個例子來說明彩虹是和平的普遍象征，故D項正確?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段中的“Andtherearecertainsymbolswhichpeopleinverydifferentculturesrecognizeasrepresentingpeace.Let’slookatafewofthem.”可知，本文主要介紹了鴿子、彩虹和橄欖樹等三個和平象征的起源，故C項正確。(B)WheretoDrinkCafeSanBernardoJointable-tennisandpool-playingportCafeSanBernardohasbeenrunningsince1912.TheVillaCrespodivebaralsooffersuptablefootballfor￡4anhour.Serviceisefficient;withlastordersat5am.Thedailyhappyhourbetween6pmand9pmincludes60minutesplayingyourgameofchoice,plusahalf-bottleofredwineandacornpie,for￡9.●AvenueCorrientes5436,VillaCrespo,541148553956,cafesanbernardo.comMSalumeria&EnotecaTradingonlyinwinewithastory,sommelierMarianaTortachoosesnewwaysonadailybasis,andkeepsalistofaround250labels.There'snowinemenu—simplytakeyourbottlefromtheshelf.●Open11:00am-11:30pm,ElSalvador5777,PalermoHollywood,541147789016,onFacebookNegroCuevadeCafeCoffeehasfounditsplaceinBuenosAires.WhileLAB:Tostadores,TheShelterandCoffeeTownarefamousnewplaces,NegroCuevadeCafeisoneofthebestdowntown.ItservesEcuadorian,ColombianandBrazilianbeansanditsattractingcakesincludecroissant.●Open9:30am—7:00pm,Suipacha637,Microcentro,541143223000,negrocuevade-cafe.comLaCalleHeadtotheNicetoVegaaddressandyou'llbefacedwithapizza.Don'tworry,it’stherightplace.LaGuitarritaisthefrontto“hidden”barLaCalle.Orderthehousecocktail,specialcandy,andpreparetosinguntildawnwithahigh-energyyoungcrowd.●Open8:00pm—2:00am,NicetoVega4942,PalermoSoho,541139141972,onFacebook34.WhichnumbershouldyoucallifyouareanaddictofColumbiancoffeeflavour?A.541148553956. B.541147789016.C.541143223000. D.541139141972.35.WhatmakesLaCalledifferent?A.Itsallowingyoutoplaygames. B.Itshavingnowinemenu.C.Itsopeningforthelongesttime. D.Itshavingspecialcandy.36.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageis________.A.toshowwineculture. B.tointroducesomewinebars.C.tohelppeoplechoosedrinks. D.toshowhowtoenjoyyourself.【答案】34.C35.D36.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個酒吧以及各自的特色、營業(yè)時間、聯(lián)系方式等?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NegroCuevadeCafé部分中“ItservesEcuadorian,ColombianandBrazilianbeansanditsattractingcakesincludecroissant.；541143223000(它供應厄瓜多爾、哥倫比亞和巴西的咖啡店，吸引人的蛋糕包括羊角面包；電話：541143223000)”可知，如果你是一個哥倫比亞咖啡迷，你應該撥打541143223000。故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LaCalle部分中“Orderthehousecocktail,specialcandy,andpreparetosinguntildawnwithahigh-energyyoungcrowd.(點一杯雞尾酒，特別的糖果，準備和一群精力充沛的年輕人一起唱到天亮)”可知，LaCalle有特別糖果，所以與眾不同。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標題“WheretoDrink(去哪兒喝酒)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了四個酒吧以及各自的特色、營業(yè)時間、聯(lián)系方式等?？芍?，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一些酒吧。故選B。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.An18-year-girlKaylaPerkinsexplainswhatisinherbedroom,“IthrowsomethingonthefloorandIknowrightwhereitis.”However,herparents,SteveandDeborahPerkins,ofMckinney,Texas,haven’tcaughton.EvenKaylaadmitsthat,attheworst,herroomisamess.Mostfamiliesatsomepointhaveatleastonechildwhoseroomlookslikealandfill.____37____Dirtyclothespileup;dirtydishesgetlostinthemessandsmellbad;homeworkislost;andvaluablethingsareruined.Someparentsletitgo,believingthatabedroomisprivatespaceforchildrentomanageastheywish.Otherslecturetheirchildren,offerrewardsforcleaning,orpunishthemwhentheydon’t.____38____Mrs.PerkinssaystheypickedupalltheclothesonKayla’sfloorandhidthem.Theycleanedeverythingup.WhenKaylacamebacktoabarebedroom,therewasscreamingandshouting,“HowcanIlivewithoutmyclothes?”Mrs.PerkinsaskedKaylatoearnherclothesbackbydoinghousework.Thesedays,shekeepsherroomclean.____39____Forexample,sinceJessica,the14-year-olddaughterwasn’tbotheredbythedirtyclothesalloverherfloor,thewholefamilystartedusingherroomasaplacetostoredirtyclothes.Herattitudechangedafterherfamilydidthat.Bythetimeshegaveinandcleanedupherroomafewdayslater,evenshewaslaughing.____40____Childrenoftenbehavebetterifyoutreattheminthewayyouwouldwanttobetreatedbyyourbossatwork—withrespectandhighexpectations.A.Therearemanywaysforparentstodealwiththeproblems.B.Themesscandisturbthewholehousehold.C.Parentsareallangryatit.D.Humorcanhelp,too.E.Parentingexpertsalsorecommendthatparentsfirstaskchildreninanicewaytocleanupandagreeonareasonabletimelimit.F.Whatdoesn’twork,parentingexpertssay,isconstantlectures,verbalthreatsorgettingveryangry.【答案】37.B38.F39.D40.E【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章討論了孩子房間臟亂差的現(xiàn)象，并提出一些改變這種現(xiàn)象的建議。37題詳解】上文“Mostfamiliesatsomepointhaveatleastonechildwhoseroomlookslikealandfill.(大多數(shù)家庭在某種程度上至少有一個孩子的房間看起來像垃圾填埋場。)”說明家里常常有個孩子的房間垃圾成堆，臟亂差，選項B“混亂會擾亂整個家庭?！背薪由衔?，進一步說明這種臟亂差的局面造成的影響，引起下文“Dirtyclothespileup;dirtydishesgetlostinthemessandsmellbad;homeworkislost;andvaluablethingsareruined.(臟衣服堆起來；臟盤子在臟亂中丟失，氣味難聞；家庭作業(yè)弄丟了；有價值的東西都毀了。)”具體說明臟亂差造成的不良結(jié)果。選項中Themess和上文中alandfill語義相關(guān)。故選B項?！?8題詳解】上文“Otherslecturetheirchildren,offerrewardsforcleaning,orpunishthemwhentheydon’t.(另一些則會訓斥孩子，獎勵他們打掃衛(wèi)生，或者懲罰他們不打掃衛(wèi)生。)”描述了一些家長的做法，選項F“育兒專家說，不起作用的是不斷的說教、口頭威脅或非常生氣。”承接上文，對上文所描述的家長的做法進行否定。語義通順，合乎邏輯。故選F項。【39題詳解】下文“Forexample,sinceJessica,the14-year-olddaughterwasn’tbotheredbythedirtyclothesalloverherfloor,thewholefamilystartedusingherroomasaplacetostoredirtyclothes.Herattitudechangedafterherfamilydidthat.Bythetimeshegaveinandcleanedupherroomafewdayslater,evenshewaslaughing.(例如，由于14歲的女兒Jessica不介意地板上到處都是臟衣服，全家人開始用她的房間作為存放臟衣服的地方。在她的家人這么做后，她的態(tài)度改變了。幾天后，她讓步了，打掃了自己的房間，這時連她自己也笑了。)”舉例說明家長在處理女兒Jessica臟亂差的問題上采用了近似玩笑的做法，達到了預期效果，選項D“幽默也有幫助?！蔽挥诙问祝岢鲆粋€新穎的用幽默的方式處理孩子臟亂差的方法。語義通順，合乎邏輯。故選D項?！?0題詳解】下文“Childrenoftenbehavebetterifyoutreattheminthewayyouwouldwanttobetreatedbyyourbossatwork—withrespectandhighexpectations.(如果你用你希望老板在工作中對待你的方式來對待孩子——尊重和高期望，他們通常會表現(xiàn)得更好。)”說明要用尊重和高期望的方式對待孩子，選項E“育兒專家還建議父母首先用一種友好的方式讓孩子清理，并商定一個合理的時間限制?！蔽挥诙问祝f明父母應該用一種友好的協(xié)商的方式對待孩子。選項中inaniceway以及agreeonareasonabletimelimit和下文中withrespectandhighexpectations語義相關(guān)，前后通順，合乎邏輯。故選E項。V.Translation(15分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish;usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.41.相較于定外賣，我更喜歡自己在家做飯，因為塑料盒不能回收，而且會產(chǎn)生大量的碳足跡。(recycle)(漢譯英)【答案】Comparedwithorderingtakeout,Iprefertocookathome,becauseplasticboxescan'tberecycledandwillproducealargecarbonfootprint.【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)和短語?！跋噍^于定外賣”譯為comparedwithorderingtakeout，過去分詞短語作狀語，“在家做飯”譯為cookathome,結(jié)合提示詞，“塑料盒不能回收”譯為plasticboxescan'tberecycled,，用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，“碳足跡”譯為carbo