高考英語作文預(yù)測及常見的句法錯(cuò)誤

第頁高考英語作文預(yù)測及常見的句法錯(cuò)誤1.當(dāng)今社會(huì),很多老師與家長都只關(guān)注學(xué)生的成績,認(rèn)為成績好就代表能力強(qiáng)。下周英語課，你們班準(zhǔn)備就"Scoresandtheability"進(jìn)行一次討論。請(qǐng)你準(zhǔn)備一篇發(fā)言稿。內(nèi)容包括:1.介紹現(xiàn)狀;2.評(píng)論現(xiàn)狀;3.你的觀點(diǎn)。注意:詞數(shù)100左右?！緟⒖挤段摹縎coresandtheabilityNowadays,itseemsthatwhatmanystudentspursueisjusthighscores.Manypeople,

especially

teachersandparentsalways

attachgreatimportanceto(高度重視)scores,thinkingastudentwhogetsgoodscores

isboundto(一定會(huì))doeverythingwell.【介紹現(xiàn)狀】Thereisnodenyingthat

(毫無疑問…)goodscoresmakeabigdifferencetousstudents.Onlythosewhogethighmarkscan

getaccessto(有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)入)theirdesirableuniversities.

Tosomeextent(在某種程度上)，scoresimpactastudent’sfuturegreatly.Butthatdoesn’tmeanscoresareeverything.

It’swidelyrecognizedthat

(……是公認(rèn)的)someabilitiescan’tbemeasuredbyexamscores,whichareactually

ofgreatersignificance(更重要)forourlong-termdevelopment.【評(píng)論現(xiàn)狀】Frommyperspective,wearesupposedto

improveourhands-onandinterpersonalskills(提高我們的動(dòng)手能力和人際交往技巧)by

participatinginvariousactivities,which

arecrucialto(對(duì)……至關(guān)重要)ouroverall

development.

Additionally,we

shouldreadmorebookstobroadenourhorizonsand

applywhatwehavelearntinclasstoourpracticallife(把課堂所學(xué)應(yīng)用于實(shí)際生活).Allinall，putourabilityinthefirstplace,andhighscoresarejustsomethingthat

flowsnaturallyfrom(來自)ourcommitmentandefforts(投入和努力).【個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)】2.請(qǐng)你以"Chemicalfarmingororganicfarming?"為題寫一篇英語短文,闡明你的觀點(diǎn)和理由。注意:詞數(shù)100左右?！緟⒖挤段摹緾hemicalfarmingororganicfarming?Organicfarmingdiffersfromchemicalfarmingandhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.【開篇點(diǎn)題】

Firstly,

comparedwith(與……相比)chemicalfarming,organicfarmingproductsaremoresafeformostpeoplesincefarmersavoidtheuseofchemicalpesticidesandotherharmfulsubstanceswhenconductingorganicfarming.Secondly,organicfarmingisenvironmentallyfriendly,causinglittlesoilandgroundwaterpollution.【有機(jī)耕作的好處】Eventhoughorganicfarminghassomanyadvantages,italsohassomedrawbacks.

Foronething(一方面)，itcanbequitecostlyforfarmerswhoengagein(從事)organicfarmingtogetallthenecessaryequipment.

Foranother(另一方面)，it’smuchmoretime-consuminganddemanding,thusmakingitunsuitabletoconduct

onalargescale(大規(guī)模地).【有機(jī)耕作的弊端】Ithinkorganicfarming

ispreferableto(比……更好)chemicalfarmingbecausethe

advantagesoforganicfarmingoutweighthedisadvantages,especially

inthelongterm(從長期來)whenenvironmentalimpactandhumanhealthare

takenintoaccount(被考慮在內(nèi)).【個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)及理由】3.人工智能與失業(yè)你校英語報(bào)"頭腦風(fēng)暴"板塊提出了一個(gè)問題:人工智能和機(jī)器人可以為人類做各種事情,從而使許多人失去工作，對(duì)此,你有何看法呢?請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文投稿,內(nèi)容包括:1.介紹該現(xiàn)象;2.談?wù)勀銓?duì)該現(xiàn)象的看法;3.應(yīng)對(duì)措施。注意:詞數(shù)100左右?！緟⒖挤段摹縉owadays，Artificial

Intelligence,short

for

AI,has

beenwidelyappliedto(被廣泛應(yīng)用于)manyaspectsinourlife.ManypeopleareconcernedthatAIwillreplacehumanlaborinthefutureandcausemassunemployment.【介紹現(xiàn)象】Itcannotbedeniedthat(不可否認(rèn))AIwilldefinitelyreplacehumanlaborinsomeindustries,butit’sunlikelytobeusedinallwalksoflife(各行各業(yè)).Insomespecialfields,robotscan’tdothehighlydemandingtaskbecausetheyareprogrammed,

notcreative.

What’smore

AItechnologystillhasalongwaytogotofullmaturity(要達(dá)到完全成熟還有很長的路要走)，soit’sunnecessarytoworryabouttheunemployment.【個(gè)人看法】Asstudents,

weshoulddevelopourcreativity.

Afterall,

itistheabilitytocreatesomethingnewthatmakesussmarterthanrobots.【應(yīng)對(duì)措施】4.第一次做某事你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請(qǐng)你以第一次做某事的經(jīng)歷為話題，寫一篇短文參賽,內(nèi)容包括:1.事件的背景;2.事件的過程;3.自己的感受。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！緟⒖挤段摹縈yFirstCookingExperienceLastSunday,

myparentshadanimportantconferencetoattend,

makingmealoneathome.Havingfinishedmy

homework,I

feltsomewhat

bored,so

Idecidedtogivethemasurprisebycooking.【事件背景】Ichosetomakeasoupusingmushrooms,eggplantsandbeef.Toensuremy

success,I

firstsearchedforrelevantrecipesonline(在網(wǎng)上搜索相關(guān)食譜)andthenbeganmywork.Aftercleaningthematerialsmentionedabove(上面提到的材料)，Icut

themintopiecesrespectively(分別地).Next，Iputthebeefintheboilingwaterandthenthemushroomsand

eggplants.With

theassistanceof(在……的幫助下)therecipesandmymemoriesofhowMomcookedthedish

Ifinisheditwithinonehour.【事件過程】Itturnedouttobe(結(jié)果是)agreat

success.Myparentsweregreatlysurprisedwhentheytriedthedelicious

soup.I’mproudofmyselfandconfidentthatIcancookmore

tastydishes

inthefuture【結(jié)果及感受】5.給自己的"時(shí)光膠囊"假定你是李華英國朋友m日開展時(shí)光膠囊--寫給四年后的自己"活動(dòng)很感興趣。請(qǐng)你用英語給對(duì)方寫一封郵件內(nèi)容包括:1.介紹活動(dòng)概況;2介紹自己時(shí)膠囊中的計(jì)劃與愿望;3.鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方制作時(shí)光膠囊。注意:1.詞數(shù)不少于100;2.可適當(dāng)加人細(xì)節(jié),使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫?！緟⒖挤段摹?/p>

DearAmy,Howareyoudoingrecently?The"timecapsule"activitywasheldatmyhighschoolrecently.Eachstudentwasencouragedtoputatimecapsuleinalargebox,withadetailedplanforthenextfouryearsinit(其中有未來四年的詳細(xì)計(jì)劃)?！净顒?dòng)概述】Personally,myplanmainlyconsistsof(由………組成)threeparts.Tobegin

with,I’ll

devotemyselftostudies,hopingtobeadmittedto(被……錄取)PekingUniversityinmedicineoneyearlater.Inaddition,Iintendtoworkasavolunteeratanursinghome,sparinghalfadayeveryweekendtoaccompanytheold

people.Last

butnot

least,I’ll

keepon

practicing(堅(jiān)持練習(xí))badmintontwiceaweektokeepfit.

Hopefully,

whenIopenthetimecapsulefouryears

later,I’ll

findmyplanwellcarriedoutandmywishesrealized.【計(jì)劃與愿望】Doesitsoundinteresting?MakeyourowntimecapsuleandI’msureyou’llmeetabetterselfinthefuture.【鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方制作】Yours,LiHua有關(guān)歷史人物的素材:1.Asforme,myfavoritefigureinChinesehistoryisLiBai,whowasagreatpoetbornintheTangDynasty.于我而言，在中國歷史上我最喜歡的人物是李白,他是唐朝偉大的詩人。2.ConfuciuslivedintheSpringandAutumnPeriodandhewasthemostfamousaswellasthemostrespectededucatorinChina

accordingtotherecordeddocuments.Manywordshesaidwerecollectedinabooknamed

The

Analects,which

hasagreateffectonthevaluesoflatergenerations.孔子生活在春秋時(shí)期，據(jù)記載,他是中國最著名的、也是最受尊敬的教育家。他說的許多話被收錄在《論語》一書中,這本書對(duì)后人的價(jià)值觀產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。3.

Girlasshewas,

HuaMulanfoughtbravelyagainsttheinvadingenemies,

makinggreatcontributionsinthebattlefield.ShehasbeenhighlypraisedforherwisdomaswellascouragebytheChinesepeopleforthousandsofyears.

Herspiritinspiresmeandmillionsofothergirlstoliveanindependentlife.盡管花木蘭是個(gè)女孩,但她勇敢地與入侵的敵人作戰(zhàn),在戰(zhàn)場上做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。千百年來,她的智慧和勇氣一直受到中國人民的高度贊揚(yáng)。她的精神激勵(lì)著我和數(shù)百萬的女孩過獨(dú)立的生活。4.ZhugeLiangisoneofmyfavoritehistoricalfigures.About1,800yearsago,asamanofgreat

wisdomhehelpedLiuBeifightagainsttheenemy.Iadmirehimforhisremarkablewisdom,his

couragetofacethedifficulty,andhisdevotiontothecountry.

諸葛亮是我最喜歡的歷史人物之。大約1800年前,作為一個(gè)有大智慧的人,他幫助劉備對(duì)抗敵人。我欽佩他非凡的智慧、他面對(duì)困難的勇氣和他對(duì)國家的奉獻(xiàn)精神?？茖W(xué)家:1.ZhongNanshanisoneofthepeopleIadmiremost.Itwashewho,despitelackofequipmentandthepotentialofinfection,desperatelyrescuedthoseinfectedbutstrivingforlife.鐘南山是我最敬佩的人之一。盡管缺乏設(shè)備且有感染的可能性,但正是他拼命搶救那些被感染卻仍在努力求生的人。2.YuanLongping,

anoutstandingagriculturalscientistknownas

the“Father

ofHybridRice

”successfullydevelopedthehybridrice

whichdramaticallyincreasedriceproduction,whenlackfoodwasoneofthemainproblemsthreatening

Chinese

people.袁隆平，一位杰出的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家稱為"雜交水稻之父",當(dāng)糧食短缺是威脅中國人民的主要問題之一時(shí),他成功地培育出了雜水稻,極大地提高了水稻的產(chǎn)量。英語作文中常見的十種語法錯(cuò)誤高考英語作文對(duì)考生的基本要求歸納為以下四點(diǎn)：內(nèi)容要完整；語句流暢；沒有語法錯(cuò)誤；書寫規(guī)范。能達(dá)到上述要求的作文，作文得分基本上不會(huì)低于平均水平。一、主謂關(guān)系中人稱和數(shù)量不一致性漢語的動(dòng)詞不受主語的人稱和數(shù)量的影響，但英語的謂語動(dòng)詞要和主語保持一致，謂語動(dòng)詞要隨著主語變化而變化。而學(xué)生受漢語思維的影響，往往沒有習(xí)慣去考慮主語是第幾人稱，是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。錯(cuò)誤例子：a.Anumberofstudentsisgoingtolearnaforeignlanguage.b.Hegotoschoolbybikeeveryday.正確例子：a.Anumberofstudentsaregoingtolearnaforeignlanguage.b.Hegoestoschoolbybikeeveryday.分析：a句中anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。b中He是第三人稱單數(shù)，在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中謂語動(dòng)詞go應(yīng)該加es。二、時(shí)態(tài)初中學(xué)生在寫作中經(jīng)常在時(shí)態(tài)方面犯錯(cuò)誤。英語時(shí)態(tài)種類繁多，動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式隨著時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。中文里沒有時(shí)態(tài)區(qū)分。動(dòng)作或動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間由跟在動(dòng)詞后的諸如“著”、“了”、“過”等副詞來表示，對(duì)初中生來說，掌握英語的時(shí)態(tài)不是很容易。錯(cuò)誤例子：a.Ababycancryassoonasitwasborn.b.Iwillnotcomehereifitwillraintomorrow.正確例子：a.Ababycancryassoonasitisborn.b.Iwillnotcomehereifitrainstomorrow.分析：a句是一個(gè)常識(shí)問題，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。b句主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。三、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式在英語中比比皆是，學(xué)生由于漢語思維的影響，很少考慮到用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。雖然中文里也有被動(dòng)式的含義，但與英語里被動(dòng)式表達(dá)方式完全不同。英語里的被動(dòng)式要求有助動(dòng)詞be和一個(gè)變異的過去分詞形式，其中這個(gè)助動(dòng)詞帶有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱數(shù)量信息，中文里需要使用諸如“被”、“使”、“讓”等詞語，不需要有不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞形式。這對(duì)中國的學(xué)習(xí)者來說就有潛在的困難。錯(cuò)誤例子：a.Newbicyclesmustkeepinside.b.Thebookhastoreturnattheendoftheweek.

c.Thefoodhascooked.

d.Knifeshouldtakeawayfrombabies.

正確例子：a.Newbicyclesmustbekeptinside.b.Thebookhastobereturnedattheendoftheweek.c.Thefoodhasbeencooked.d.Knivesshouldbetakenawayfrombabies.分析：以上句子的問題就在于沒有運(yùn)用好被動(dòng)語態(tài)。四、固定搭配錯(cuò)誤多出現(xiàn)在介詞短語的搭配和固定詞組的搭配上，其中，特殊動(dòng)詞的搭配和用法錯(cuò)誤最為常見。錯(cuò)誤例子：a.Hesuggestedtogothereonhisbike.b.Myteacherexplainedmethetextverycarefully.c.MymothermademetochoosetheoneIlikedbest.正確例子：a.Hesuggestedgoingthereonhisbike.b.Myteacherexplainedthetexttome

verycarefully.c.MymothermademechoosetheoneIlikedbest.分析：中國學(xué)習(xí)者的英語應(yīng)用很大程度上受到其母語的影響，經(jīng)常直接翻譯，沒有牢牢記住動(dòng)詞的特殊用法和固定搭配。比如suggestdoingsth.;explainsth.tosb.;makesbdosth.五、非謂語動(dòng)詞學(xué)生常常對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞的概念不清楚，對(duì)不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞的用法不明白，對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析不正確，常把非謂語動(dòng)詞誤用作謂語動(dòng)詞。錯(cuò)誤例子：a.Inthemuseumtherearealotofinterestingthingslookat.b.Iamlookingforwardtoseeyou.正確例子：a.Inthemuseumtherearealotofinterestingthingstolookat.b.Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyou.

分析：a句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞來修飾things，此句缺的是后置定語。b句lookforwardto是一個(gè)固定短語，lookforwardtodoingsth.六、冠詞的使用冠詞考查分兩個(gè)方面，一是冠詞的殘缺或多余，考生要注意關(guān)于含有冠詞（不含冠詞）的用法以及加冠詞與不加冠詞的區(qū)別，如：inchargeof與inthechargeof,outofquestion與outofthequestion的區(qū)別。二是冠詞the,a,an（不定冠詞和定冠詞）之間的相互誤用。英漢名詞確有許多共同點(diǎn)，但是也有不少不同點(diǎn)。英語名詞有可數(shù)與不可數(shù)之分，漢語里沒有，且一般情況下，名詞都可受到數(shù)量詞的限制。因此，英語寫作中，一旦涉及到advice,news,progress,weather,information等少數(shù)常用不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，學(xué)生往往會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。不過，在使用英語不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，又會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩種情況，一種是絕不可以用a/an或數(shù)詞來直接修飾，如上述提及的幾個(gè)名詞;另一種情況是，少數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞在被形容詞修飾后，可用a/an等來修飾。如time（時(shí)間），rain（雨）。所以我們可以說：Wehadawonderfultimeyesterday.錯(cuò)誤例子：a.Theairisthemostimportantthingforourexistence.b.Thedriverbroughtthecartostop.Inthisway,heavoidedanaccident.c.Whensunwassetting,hestilldidnotcatchanyfish.正確例子：a.Airisthemostimportantthingforourexistence.b.Thedriverbroughtthecartoastop.Inthisway,heavoidedanaccident.c.Whenthesunwassetting,hestilldidnotcatchanyfish.分析：a句中air是不可數(shù)名詞，不需要the，b句中stop在此處的意思是站臺(tái)，表示某一個(gè)站臺(tái)，需要有a來修飾，c句中太陽是專有名詞，需要有the來修飾。七、代詞的使用代詞主要有人稱代詞、物主代詞、關(guān)系代詞、反身代詞、疑問代詞、復(fù)合疑問代詞、指示代詞，要注意代詞的各人稱之間和單復(fù)數(shù)之間的誤用，關(guān)系代詞which,that,as之間的誤用，關(guān)系代詞that與疑問代詞what之間的誤用，以及what與how的誤用等。錯(cuò)誤例子：a.Wedonotlikehe.b.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthoseofJapan.c.Hisbookisdifferentfromme.正確例子：a.Wedonotlikehim.b.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofJapan.c.Hisbookisdifferentfrommine.分析：只