考研《英語一》江西省吉安市井岡山市2023年模擬預(yù)測試卷含解析

考研《英語一》江西省吉安市井岡山市2023年模擬預(yù)測試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.Usually,the1theideais,themoreitgetsnoticed.Andthat’spreciselywhyone2Frenchmanhascaughtourattention.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,surviving3ondiscarded(丟棄)food.Thethree-month,1,900-milejourneyfromParistoWarsawisDubanchet’s4ofraisingawarenessoffoodwasteinEuropeandthroughouttheworld.Asyoucan5,thetripisnopieceofcake.Whilerestaurants6tonsoffoodeachyear,muchofitremainsinaccessiblebecauseof7garbagecontainers,healthregulations,orbusinesspolicies.Onlyaboutoneintenplaces8himfoodthatwouldotherwisebediscarded.Forlegal9,mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainst10foodwaste.“Somepeoplehaveeven11theirjobsbygivingmefood,”Dubanchetsaid.What’s12interestingistheattitudevariouscitieshavetowardDubanchet’scause.Berlinhasbeenthe13whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen.There,hehadto14atsome50differentstoresorrestaurantsbeforefindingfood.The15isallthemoreseriouswhenyouconsiderthe16exerciserequiredtobikefromFrancetoPoland.“Ihavetogetfood17becauseafterallthebikingIamtiredandIneedthe18,”Dubanchetexplained.“Ismy19fullorempty?Thatisthemostimportantthing,notwhatIameating.”Heaimsto20hisjourneybymid-July.Withanyluck,he’llturnafewmoreheadsintheprocess.1、A．cleverer B．older C．stranger D．simpler2、A．garbage-eating B．sports-loving C．food-wasting D．law-breaking3、A．secretly B．finally C．entirely D．probably4、A．purpose B．way C．opinion D．dream5、A．observe B．imagine C．suggest D．remember6、A．store B．cook C．shopfor D．throwaway7、A．locked B．damaged C．connected D．a(chǎn)bandoned8、A．bought B．offered C．ordered D．sold9、A．reasons B．rights C．fees D．a(chǎn)ids10、A．beggingfor B．givingaway C．hiding D．causing11、A．did B．kept C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．risked12、A．hardly B．usually C．particularly D．merely13、A．easiest B．nearest C．biggest D．richest14、A．work B．shout C．a(chǎn)sk D．jump15、A．competition B．conversation C．conflict D．challenge16、A．a(chǎn)dequate B．rewarding C．demanding D．suitable17、A．a(chǎn)gain B．a(chǎn)lone C．later D．fast18、A．spirit B．energy C．time D．effort19、A．stomach B．hand C．pocket D．basket20、A．a(chǎn)rrange B．restart C．report D．finishSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ScientistsfromtheUniversityofEastAngliahaveidentifiedfournewman-madegasesthatarecontributingtothedamagetotheozone(臭氧)layer.Twoofthegasesareaccumulatingataratethatiscausingconcernamongresearchers.Worriesoverthegrowingozoneholehaveseentheproductionofchlorofluorocarbon(CFC)gasesrestrictedsincethemid1980s.Butthepreciseoriginofthesenew,similarsubstancesremainsamystery.Lyingintheatmosphere,theozonelayerplaysacriticalroleinblockingharmfulUVrays,whichcausecancersinhumansandreproductiveproblemsinanimals.ScientistsfromtheBritishAntarcticSurveywerethefirsttodiscoverahuge“hole”intheozoneoverAntarcticain1985.TheevidencequicklypointedtoCFCgases,whichwereinventedinthe1920s,andwerewidelyusedinrefrigeration.Extraordinarily,globalactionwasrapidlyagreedtodealwithCFCsandtheMontrealProtocoltolimitthesesubstancescameintobeingin1987.Atotalglobalbanonproductioncameintoforcein2010.Now,thenewlydiscoveredfournewgasescandestroyozoneandaregettingintotheatmospherefromasyetunidentifiedsources.ThreeofthegasesareCFCsandoneisahydrochlorofluorocarbon(HCFC),whichcanalsodamageozone.Theresearchhasshownthatfourgaseswerenotaroundintheatmosphereatalluntilthe1960s,whichsuggeststheyareman-made.Thescientistsdiscoveredthegasesbyanalyzingpolarsnowpack.Airfromthissnowisanaturalarchiveofwhatwasintheatmosphereupto100yearsago.Theresearchersalsolookedatmodernairsamples,collectedatremoteCapeGriminTasmania.Theyestimatethatabout74,000tonnesofthesegaseshavebeenreleasedintotheatmosphere.Twoofthegasesareaccumulatingatsignificantrates.However,theydon’tknowwherethenewgasesarebeingreleasedfromandthisshouldbeinvestigated.Possiblesourcesincludechemicalsforinsecticide(殺蟲劑)productionandsolvents(溶液)forcleaningelectroniccomponents.ThethreeCFCsarebeingdestroyedveryslowlyin:theatmosphere—soevenifemissions(散發(fā))weretostopimmediately,theywillstillbearoundformanydecadestocome.Ofthefourspeciesidentified,CFC-113aseemsthemostworryingasthereisaverysmallbutgrowingemissionsourcesomewhere,maybefromagriculturalinsecticides.Weshouldfinditandtakeitoutofproduction.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthenewlydiscoveredgases?A．Somearesurelyproducedbythedevelopmentofagriculture.B．TheCFCswillhavealongimpactoncetheyarereleased.C．Theygathertogetherintheatmosphereatamediumspeed.D．Theiramountsarenotlargeenoughtocausedamagetous.2、Theunderlinedword“archive”inParagraph6isclosesttothemeaningof“”.A．stateB．resourceC．phenomenonD．storeroom3、Whatwillthescientistsprobablyattempttodoaboutthegasesnext?A．Findoutwhatcanreplacethingslikeinsecticidesandputthemintouse.B．Findouthowtheydestroyozoneandgetridofthoseintheatmosphere.C．Findoutwheretheyareexactlyfromandstopthemfrombeingreleased.D．FindoutifHCFCismoreharmfulthanCFCsandtakepropermeasures.Text2My17-year-olddaughterwentofftocollegeandhavingherawayfromhomebroughtbackmemoriesofwatchingPeterPanwhenshewaslittle.IntheclassicTVproduction,onesceneinparticularimpressedme:whenMrs.Darlingputsherchildrenintobed.Assheturnsoffthelastofthenightlight,shetakesonelastlookatthebedroomandsays,“Dearnightlightsprotectmysleepingchildren.”Asamother,Iknowhowmuchshelovesherchildren.Ithasbeenseveralweekssincewetookourdaughtertocollegeandsheseemstobeadjustingwellafterashortperiodofhomesickness.Forus,though,it’sanotherstory.Likemostparents,Ilovecheckinginonmychildrenatnight.Butnowshe’sgone,andIfindnighttimesthehardest.Imisshermostatnight.Inmyneighborhood,mostoftheparentswhosekidsareofftocollegearedealingwithsimilarmelancholy.Myhusbandisfilledwithanxiety.Onefriendtalkedaboutgettingthissickfeelinginherstomachasshepreparedforthecollegedrop-off.Wecomplainedthatmanyofusweretoobusytotrulyenjoybeingwithourchildrenwhilewehadthem.Forusmoms,seeingToyStory3onlymadethesadnessworseaswewatchedthecharacterAndy,whoisthesameageasourkids,saygoodbyetohischildhoodashepreparestoleaveforcollege.Andit’snotjust“first-time”parentslikeme.Twomomswhohavekidsalreadywellintocollegesaidtheseparationdidn’tgetanyeasier.“Youfeellikesomethinghasbeentakenawayfrominsideyou，”saidoneofthem.Iimaginethingswillgeteasierwithtime,especiallyasIseemydaughteradjusttocollegelife.Meanwhile,asIkeepmycellphoneclosetomeinbedandtextmydaughtergoodnightandsweetdreamseverynight,Iliketothinkatmessagesserveasanightlightthatkeepshersafe.1、ThewriterwasdeeplyimpressedbythesceneinPeterPanbecause________.A．shewatchedthescenewithherdaughterB．thescenewasveryexcitingandinterestingC．thescenetaughtherandherdaughteragoodlessonD．a(chǎn)samother,sheunderstoodhowmuchamotherlovedherchildren2、Afterherdaughterwenttocollege,thewriter________.A．didn’tgetusedtothechangeforalongtimeB．oftencriedasshemissedherdaughtersomuchC．realizedshehadn’tdoneenoughforherdaughterD．failedtohaveagoodsleepeverynight3、Whatistheunderlinedword“melancholy”inParagraph3similarinmeaningto?A．Happiness. B．Anger.C．Sadness. D．Excitement.4、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whydidthewriterkeephercellphoneclosetoherinbed?A．Tocallherdaughteranytime. B．Towaitforherdaughter’scalls.C．Tosaygoodnighttoherdaughter. D．Towaitforherdaughter’smessages.Text3"Joe?Isthatyou?"Thewomanspeakingtomeatthebaseballgamelookedalittlefamiliar."Marci?"Iasked."ItISyou!"shecriedout,smilingbroadly."Gosh,it'sgoodtoseeyouagain!"ItwasgoodtoseeMarci,too.Offandonduringthepastfewdecades,I'vewonderedabouther.Ialmosttriedtosearchforherafewyearsagoaftertalkingtoafriendwhohadindicatedthatthe1990shadbeenprettyroughforMarci.Someetingheratthebaseballgamewasreallyoutofexpectation.Wespentafewminutestalkingaboutourlives—thegoodold,badolddays.ThenMarcigrewquietforamoment.“Youknow,Joe,”shesaid,“I’vealwayswantedtotellyou…h(huán)ow…h(huán)owsorryIamforthewayItreatedyou.Youmusthavebeenhurtbothphysicallyandmentally.”Iwasalittleembarrassed.Iturnedandlookedather.“It’sOK,”Isaid,“Nobigdeal!”“ButIwassuchajerk.”shecontinued.Yesyouwere,Ithought.“Wewerebothprettyyoung,”Ismiled.“Iknow.”shesaid,“It’sjustalwaysbotheredme,rememberinghowmeanIwastoyou.AndI’vewantedtotellyouthatI’msorry.”Theexpressiononherfacewaswarmandsincere.Andtherewassomethinginhereyes—itlookedalotlikerelief.“OK,”Isaid."Apologyaccepted!”O(jiān)vercomebythesweetnessofthemoment,Ireachedanarmaroundherandgaveheraquickhug.Justthen,thecrowderuptedwithahugecheer,andMarciandIbothreturnedourattentiontothegame.BythetimeIlookedovertowhereshehadbeen,shewasgone.Butthewarm,wonderfulfeelingofourbriefexchangewasstillthere,andcontinuestothisdaywheneverIthinkaboutit.Itisn'tenoughtojustsay“I’msorry”and"You'reforgiven."Butwhenthosewordsaretrulyfeltandsincerelyexpressed,theycanopenthedoortomiraclesoftheheart.Forgivenesscanbringpeacetoaninjuredsoul—evenyearsafterthefact.Evenatabaseballgame.1、WhatkindoflifedidMarciliveduringthelate20thcenturyaccordingtothepassage?A．Happy.B．Busy.C．Hard.D．Simple.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jerk”inthethirdparagraphmean?A．Ahumorousperson.B．Acruelperson.C．Acarelessperson.D．Anhonestperson.3、WhydidMarcilookinreliefaftertalkingwiththeauthor?A．Becauseherfavoriteteamwonthegame.B．BecauseshelearnedJoewaslivingagoodlife.C．Becauseshemadeanapologytotheauthor.D．Becauseshefoundshewasnotmeananylonger.4、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ExcitementofABaseballGameB．MentalBurdenofAWomanC．MiraclesofForgivenessD．ReliefofFindingAfriendText4Inthelatestromance-drama,DescendantsoftheSun(《太陽的后裔》),ahandsomesoldierYooShi-jin（柳時鎮(zhèn)）(SongJoong-ki)(宋仲基)meetstheprettydoctorKangMo-yeon（姜暮煙）(SongHye-kyo)（宋慧喬）inahospital,andhedoesn’thesitatetohitonher.Thedialogue,whichtakesplaceearlyinthefirstepisode(集）,immediatelyindicatesthatthisisnoordinarySouthKoreandrama.There’snofamilyfeud（不睦）,orlovetangles,orguessesandmisunderstandings.The16-episodeshowissetinthefictionalwar-torncountryofUruk（烏魯克）.SongJoong-kiistheleaderofaspecialwarfarecommandunit,whileSongHye-kyoplaysadoctorwhoworksforahumanitarianmedicalorganization.BotharesentinthemidstofdisasteranddiseaseaspartoftheirworkwithUNpeacekeepingtroops.Bothknowandshowclearlywhattheywantandwhattheyhate.ButwhatstandsoutthemostareSong’sskillsasapick-upartist（撩妹技能）.Boldnessandcreativityarethekeyweaponsinhisarsenal.WhenKanginvitesYootodrinkwinewithher,Yoo,whoisnotallowedtodrinkalcoholasasoldier,says,“Thereisaway”beforekissingher.Forgetaboutthe“eighth-episoderule”.Thiskisshappensinthefourth.Humoralsodoesthetrick.Ontheirfirstdateinacinema,Yoosays,“Thisisthemostexcitingmomentofmylife.ThemomentIamwithabeautifulwomanbeforethetheaterlightsgoout.”WhenKangtriestogiveYooahardtime,Yoojokes,“Imistookyouforabeautifulwomanbecauseit’sdark.”AndactorSongJoong-ki,whojustcamebackfromtwoyearsofmilitaryservicelastMay,makessurehedelivershispick-uplinesjustright.“InDeepRootedTree(《樹大根深》)andTheInnocentMan(《善良的男人》),he[SongJoong-ki]showedhehadthesteeltoplayfearlessandheartlessmen–thathecouldbetakenseriouslyasanactor,despitehisprettyface.InDescendants,hehitstheemotionalcoreofeveryscene,whetherhehastobeboldandamorous,guardedandmysterious,orsad,”saidcriticFoongWoeiWaninTheStraitsTimes.1、WhatistherelationshipbetweenSongJoong-kiandSonghye-hyo?A．lover B．colleague C．a(chǎn)ctor D．doctor-patient2、WhysaythattheDescendantsoftheSunisnoordinarySouthKoreandrama?A．Becauseactorsknowandshowclearlywhattheywantandwhattheyhate. B．ItbrokethepreviousKoreanoldstory.C．Itexitsfamilyfeudandlovetangles. D．Thepick-upartistisuniqueandspecial.3、WhentheDescendantsoftheSuntellsusthatheterosexual（異性）contactsisimportanttohavesomequalityincluding。①humor②Boldnessandcreativity③bold④emotionalA．①② B．①②③ C．②③④ D．a(chǎn)boveall4、Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A．IntroduceadramacalledtheDescendantsofthesun.B．SongZhongjicouldbetakenseriouslyasanactor,despitehisprettyface.C．TheDescendantsofthesunopenanewpatterntopick-upwoman.D．ThereasonwhytheDescendantsofthesungainsuccess.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ourbrainsnaturallystartslowingdownatthecruellyyoungageof1．2．usedtobethoughtthatthiscouldn’tbehelped,butnewstudiesshowthatpeopleofanyagecantraintheirbrainstoworkfaster“Yourbrainisalearningmachine,”saysDrMerzenichfromUniversityofCalifornia3．(give)therighttools,wecantrainouractsastheydidwhenwewereyoungAllthat4．(require)isthepracticedesignedjustforthispurpose:afewexercisesfor5．mindDrMerzenichhasdevelopedacomputer-basedtrainingmethodtospeeduptheprocessin6．thebraindealswithinformationSincemuchofthedatawereceivecomesthroughspeech,theBainFitnessProgramworkswithlanguageandhearingtoimprovespeedandaccuracyOverthecourseofthetraining,theprogramstartsaskingyoutodistinguishsounds-between“dog”and“bog”,forexample-7．a(chǎn)nincreasinglyfasterspeedIt’sabitlikeatennisinstructor,saysDrMerzenich,hittingballsatyoufasterand8．(fast)tokeepyouchallengedYoumaystartoutslow,butbeforelongyou’reprettyquickThebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelastdecadeisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastic9．youaskyourbraintolearn,itwilllearnAnditmayspeedupintheprocessTokeepyourbrainyoungandplastic,youcandooneofamillionnew10．(activity)thatchallengeandexciteyou:playingtabletennisorbridge,doingcrosswordpuzzles,learninganewlanguage…“Whenitcomesto11．(prevent)aging,youreallydo‘useitorloseit’”,saysBarbaraSahakian,aprofessoratCambridageUniversityAfterstudyingagroupofhealthyindividualsformorethan10years,researchersattheUniversityofTexas1．(discover)thatthosewhoscored2．(poor)onfivesimplemedicaltestswere20times3．(likely)todevelopheartdiseasethanthosewithgoodresultsThetestsarenotallstandard,4．theresultswillgiveyouamuchbetterandearliersenseofyourheartdiseaseriskthanthetraditional5．(rely)onbloodpressureandcholesterollevelsTheycanhelpyouchangeyourhabitsas6．(need)toprotectyourheartforlifeIfyousmoke,areoverweight,haveafamilyhistoryofheartproblems,orhaveanyotherrisk7．(factor),askyourdoctoraboutthesetestsAstandard,12-leadelectrocardiogram,alsoknown8．a(chǎn)nEKG,isnon-invasive,painless,andusuallytakesonlyfivetotenminutesIt’sconsideredoneofthebestways9．(assess)heartdiseaseriskYourdoctorwillplace10smallelectrodes10．measureyourheart’selectricalactivityonyourlimbsandchestandwilldetectanyabnormalrhythmsandotherdangerouscardiovascularconditionsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)TheUNhasrecognizedthecontributionsofvolunteersonDec.5,InternationalVolunteerDay.Here,thefourthingsareofferedtoconsiderbeforetakingtheleapintooverseasvolunteering.Chooseyourorganizationcarefully1、volunteeringmaybeafundraisingmechanism(籌資機制)foradevelopmentproject.Forothers,volunteeringisfundamentaltotheirprograms,andthoseservingtakeonprofessionalrolesinlonger-termdevelopment.2、Volunteerswanttohelpandmakeadifference,butmostknowthisisn’tapurelyselflessact.Youwilllearnnewskills,broadenyourhorizonsandcometobetterunderstandyourselfandtheworld.3、Reflectonyourmotivations.Youwanttohelpreduceglobalpovertyorprotectthenaturalworld,butwhatelse?Haveyoualwayswantedtotravel,butnotasatourist?Workwithkids?Whenyouunderstandyourmotivations,you’llbeinabetterpositiontochoosetheoptionthatisrightforyou.WorkalongsidethelocalcommunityOftentimes,travelersvolunteerinisolation(隔離)fromthelocalcommunityinwhichtheyareworkingin.4、Thisenablesyoutoensureyouarecommittingtoaprojectthatpromoteslongtermandsustainablechange.Avolunteertripisjustthebeginning5、Furtherignite(點燃)theglobalchangemakerinyoubytakingyourexperienceonestepfurtherwhenyoureturnhome.Spreadthemessageofyourtransformativeexperiencetoothers,helpingtosparkthechangewithinthem.A．Andthat’sallOK.B．Knowwhyyou’regoing.C．Don’tassumeyouknowitall.D．Communitiesalwayswelcomevolunteers.E.Volunteertravelisalife-changingexperience.F.Someorganizationsrequireyoutopayyourownway,andoftenincludeafee.G.Makesuretotravelwithorganizationsthathavestrongp