考研《英語一》遼陽(yáng)市宏偉區(qū)2023年深度自測(cè)卷含解析

考研《英語一》遼陽(yáng)市宏偉區(qū)2023年深度自測(cè)卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)NottoolongafterIhadbeguntodriveasateenager,someonepulledoutofaparkinglotontotheroadinfrontofme.Ireacted36andpulledupveryclosebehindher---justtoshowmyirritation(怒氣)andletherknowshedidn't"just37withthat!"We'veallbeentherewith38incidentsandreactions.Mymotherwaswithme,andtoldmetoturnintothe39parkinglot.Safelythere,sheaskedmewhyI40thatladyhadpulledoutinfrontofmepurposely.41rude,powerplay---Iguessed.Momsaidthatmaybeshehadjusthadsomebad42,maybeshewaslatepickingupherchildandwasdistracted(分心).Thinkofallthe43ofwhysomeonedoessomethinglikethat.It'susuallynotonpurpose---butwhatIdoasareactionisonpurpose.ShealwayssaidthatI44tothinkabouttheothersidebeforeI45.Usuallythereactioncausesmoreofa46.Iaminmyfiftiesnow,andtothisday,thathasalways47myheadwheneverthose48happen.I've49mychildrenthesamething.Weoftenseeandhearabout"roadrage."Nomattertowhat50that"rage"istaken,mychildrenwillsaysomethinglike,"TheyneedGrandma'swords!"Asadults,Idon'tseethemreactasmostofusdo51theirfirstreactionisalwaysangerandirritation---they52itand53whattheotherperson'sproblemmightbe.Eveniftheotherdriverreallymightbe54ordoinga"powerplay,"nomore55reactionswilloccurbecauseoftheirirritation.1735．..A．calmlyB．quickly C．a(chǎn)ngrilyD．carefully1736．.A．getupB．getawayC．getdownD．getalong1737．.A．similarB．terribleC．rudeD．familiar1738．.A．firstB．farthestC．lastD．nearest1739．.A．suggestedB．complainedC．thoughtD．concluded1740．.A．AlwaysB．JustC．AlmostD．Still1741．.A．impressionB．gradesC．skillD．news1742．.A．lessonsB．purposesC．possibilitiesD．reasons1743．.A．usedB．neededC．preferredD．reminded1744．.A．decideB．driveC．reactD．do1745．.A．problemB．threatC．messD．result1746．.A．happenedtoB．cameacrossC．passedbyD．flashedthrough1747．.A．a(chǎn)ccidentsB．incidentsC．a(chǎn)ffairsD．quarrels1748．.A．noticedB．givenC．taughtD．passed1749．.A．degreeB．measureC．stepD．a(chǎn)ction1750．.A．a(chǎn)ssoonasB．incaseC．a(chǎn)sthoughD．eventhough1751．.A．getB．setC．makeD．catch1752．.A．questionB．wonderC．forgetD．know1753．..A．troublesomeB．politeC．rudeD．warm1754．.A．casualB．dangerousC．a(chǎn)mazingD．cautiousSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Forcingwaitersandwaitressestosurviveontipsfromcustomersratherthannormalwagesisapointless,crude,anduniqueAmericancustomthat,inthepastseveralyears,ahandfulofprogressiverestaurantownershaveattemptedtodoawaywith.DannyMeyer,CEOofUnionSquareHospitalityGroup,isabouttojointheirranksandhasannouncedthatheplanstograduallystoptippingatthecompany’s13restaurants.What,exactly,iswrongwithtipping?AsBrianPalmerhasexplained,moreorlessit’severything.Tostart,leavingawaiter’spayinthehandsofcustomershasafeelingofclassism(階級(jí)歧視)．Andintheory,handingrestaurantcustomersthepowertotipisatleastsupposedtomotivatebetterservice.Thisfailsinpracticebecausehumansturnouttobeprettyarbitrary(隨意的)abouttheirtippingbehavior.Researchhasshownthattheamountdinerstiphasverylittletodowiththeirlevelofsatisfaction.Allofthisdoesn’tencouragewaitersandwaitressestodoanythingbutturnoverasmanytablesaspossible.Tippingisalsoveryunfairtokitchenstaff.Thelawallowsrestaurantstodividetipsbetweenfront-of-the-houseworkerslikewaiters,hosts,hostesses,andbartenders(調(diào)酒師),butnotcooks.Thiscreatesasysteminwhichthepeopleservingthefoodinarestaurantcanearnmorethanthepeoplepreparingit．OneofthemostfascinatingpartsofMeyer’smoveisthat,unlikesomerestaurantownerswhohavetakenananti-tippingstand,hewon’tsimplyaddastandardextrachargetodiners’bills.Rather,UnionSquareHospitalityGroupmeanstoraisemenupricesenoughtofullycoverthecostofameal.IfMeyermanagestomoveawayfromtippingatallwithouthurtinghisprofits,itwouldalmostcertainlysetthestageforotherstofollowsuit.1、What’sDannyMeyer’sattitudetowardsstoppingtipping?A．Negative.B．Supportive.C．Objective.D．Doubtful.2、WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A．Tippingmaydisturbtherestaurants’management.B．Tippingwillguaranteedinershighqualityservice.C．Tippingcanarousethestaff’senthusiasmforwork．D．Tippingwillbringcustomersasenseofsatisfaction.3、WhatcanweknowaboutUnionSquareHospitalitygroup?A．BrianPalmerisinchargeofitnow.B．Itscooksearnmuchmorethanitsservers.C．Restauranttippinghasbeentotallybannedthere.D．Dinerswillbechargedmoreforthedishesthere.4、Whatisthetopicofthepassage?A．Restaurants’gettingridoftipping.B．Difficultiesthatrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Thepopularityofno-tippingrestaurants.D．Tipsonrunningrestaurantssuccessfully.Text2Theyhadadozenchildren,sixboysandsixgirls,inseventeenyears.OnereasonDadhadsomanychildrenwasthathewasconfidentanythingheandMotherteameduponwassuretobeasuccess.OurhouseatMontclair,NewJersey,wasasortofschoolforscientificmanagementandtheremovalofwastedmotions—or“motionstudy,”asDadandMothernamedit.Dadtookmovingpicturesofuschildrenwashingdishes,sothathecoulddeterminehowwecouldreduceourmotionsandthushurrythroughthetask.Eachchildwhowantedextrapocketmoneyputforwardanoffersayingwhathewoulddothejobfor.Thelowestbiddergotthecontract(合約).Dadputprocessandworkchartsinthebathrooms.Everychildoldenoughtowrite—andDadexpectedhischildrentostartwritingatayoungage—wasrequiredtosigntheirnamesonthechartsinthemorningafterhehadbrushedhisteeth,takenabath,combedhishair,andmadehisbed.Atnight,eachchildhadtoweighhimself,markthefigureonagraph,andsigntheprocesschartsagainafterhehaddonehishomework,washedhishandsandface,andbrushedhisteeth.Motherwantedtohaveaplaceonthechartsforsayingprayers,butDadsaidasfarashewasconcernedprayerswerevoluntary.Itwasstrictmanagement,allright.Yes,athomeoronthejob,Dadwasalwaystheefficiencyexpert.Hebuttonedhisvestfromthebottomup,insteadoffromthetopdown,becausethebottom-to-topprocesstookhimonlythreeseconds,whilethetop-to-bottomtookseven.Heevenusedtwoshavingbrushestomakehisfacesmoothenough,becausehefoundthatbysodoinghecouldcutseventeensecondsoffhisshavingtime.Forawhilehetriedshavingwithtworazors,buthefinallygavethatup.“Icansaveforty-fourseconds,”hecomplained,“butIwastedtwominutesthismorningputtingthisbandageonmythroat.”Itwasn’ttheinjuredthroatthatreallybotheredhim.Itwasthetwominutes.1、Whywastheauthor’shouseconsideredasortofschool?A．Ithadateamoftwelvechildrenthere.B．Thechildrenweretaughthowtoworkwellinit.C．Theparentscouldteachtheirchildrenbetterathome.D．Theparentscouldhavethechildren’sdailyactivitiesrecorded.2、Whatisthepurposeofsigningthecharts?A．Tohelptodothingsefficiently.B．Tomanagethebigfamilyeffectively.C．Tolookafterthechildrenbetter.D．Toremindthechildrentoobeytherules.3、Whatdidthefathercomplainaboutonemorning?A．Heshouldhavegivenupshaving.B．Hisbleedingthroatbotheredhim.C．Hecouldn’tshavewithtworazors.D．Hefailedtocutshorthisshavingtime.4、Wecanweinferfromthetext?A．Thekidshadtobidforeverythingtheywanted.B．Theauthortookprideinhisfather’smanagement.C．Thecouplewerealwaystroubledbytheirchildren.D．Thefather’sworkwastoteachthechildrenathome.Text3WhateverRockwasdoingdownthere,itmadeenoughnoiseformetogotohim.BythetimeImadeittothebottomofthestairs,hewasrunningup,andhenevercameupthestairs,nomatterwhat.Ithinkthatwashiswayoftellingme,“We’vegottogobackup.”WhenIgottothetopofthestairs,Iturnedaroundandsawalighton,butIdidn’trememberleavingoneon.Iwalkeddownstairsagain,andthat’swhenIsawfire,Iimmediatelyshoutedtomywifetowakeupandgetourthreekids,Igrabbedaknifeandcutouttheplasticthatcoveredthewindowtotheporchroof.Ithenbrokethewindowandkickedoutthescreen.Igoteverybodyoutontheroofandthrewablanketouttheresowewouldn’tslipoff.Itwascold,Januarycold.ThenIstartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Now,I’mscaredofheightsandhavephysicalissues,whatwithmyrheumatoidarthritis(類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎),butIcouldn’tletmyfamilyburnup.SoIjumpedofftheroof.Ididn’truntotheedge;IjustjumpedandgotthewindknockedoutofmewhenIlanded.Ifoundourladder,placeditagainstthehouse,andclimbedbackuptotheroof.Iwrappedmyarmsaroundmydaughterandcarriedmynine-month-oldsonwithmyteeth,byhislittlesleeper.ThenIclimbeddowntheladder.Onceontheground,Ihadmylittlegirlholdherbrother,andIwentbackuptotherooftogetmyotherdaughter.ThenIwentbackupagainandgotmywife.Itriedtogetmydog,buthejustdisappearedintheblacksmoke.Ineversawhimaliveagain.I’mnohero.I’mjustanordinarypersonwho’dhelpanybody.ThishappenedtobethetimewhenIhelpedmyownfamily.Ilivetoprotectmyfamily.JustlikeRock—helivedtoprotectus.1、WhydidRockmakeenoughnoise?A．Rockcausedthefireandtriedtoescape.B．Rockwaswarmingupitselftofightcold.C．Rockwasplayingupstairsanddownstairs.D．Rocktriedtoremindtheauthorofthefire.2、Theauthorjumpedofftheroof________.A．tocallforhelpB．tochallengehimselfC．tofindtoolsforrescueD．toescapebeingburned3、Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A．Strictanddevoted.B．Smartandsociable.C．Responsibleandbrave.D．Powerfulandconsiderate.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Rock’sHeroicLifeB．EscapefromtheFireC．ALessonIHaveLearntD．MyAdventureExperienceText4Kindergartenoutside?Yes，indeed.It’spartofagrowingworldwidetrendtowardoutdooreducation.TheschoolsarecalledForestKindergartens.NowthenumbersaresmallintheU.S.，buttheideaiswellestablishedinEurope,withschoolsinScotland,England,andSwitzerland.ByfarmostofsuchschoolsareinGermany,whichhasmorethan400Waldkindergartens.Childrenattendingsuchparticularschoolenjoyagoodamountofoutdooreducationeachday,rainorshine.Somelessonsarefocusedonnature；othersareacademictopicsdeliveredinanaturalsetting.Inallcases，studentsareactive—notsittingatdesksoronmatsonthefloorbutwalking,running,jumping,solvingproblemslikehowtogetthemudoffthebottomsoftheirshoesbeforetheirparentsfindout.Attheseforestkindergartens,studentslearnsciencebyobservinganddoingit,learnmathbyapplyingittothenaturalworldaroundthem，learnlettersandwordsbyputtingthemtogetherusingsightsandsounds.Thechildrenlearntomakecomparisonsusingnaturalthingslikeapplesandrocks.Theydevelopanappreciationforanimalsandplantsintheirnaturalenvironment—notjustbylookingatpicturesinabookoronacomputerscreen.Someofthescienceactivitiesinvolveteamwork,likeexplainingthebestwaytomoveaheavyobject,showinghowalever(杠桿)works.Inothersessions，teachersencouragestudentstodeveloptheirmotorskillsbybuildingwoodentoolssuchashammersandknives.Thesestudentsalsolearnhowtogetalongwithoneanother,individuallyandinagroup.Theyalsodevelophealthylevelsofself-confidence,justfrombeingabletodotheeverydayactivitiesthattheschooloffers.Inatimewhensomanychildrenarebeingclassifiedasobesebecauseoflongtimewatchingtelevisionandplayingvideogames,theseoutdoorschoolshelpchildrenlearnjustasmuch,ifnotmore，fromopeningtheireyestotheworldaroundthem.1、WhichofthefollowingcountryhasthemostForestKindergartens?A．TheU.S. B．Germany. C．TheU.K. D．Switzerland2、Whatisthepurposeofthefourthparagraph?A．Toanalysehowchildrenlearnsocially.B．Tocomparedifferentteachingapproaches.C．Toshowhowchildrenlearnacademically.D．Todescribehowactivechildrenareintheclass.3、WhichmaybeseeninForestKindergartens?A．Childrenaredoinganexperimentwithchemicals.B．Teachersarewritingsomethingontheblackboard.C．Smartphonesarewidelyusedtohelpchildrenlearn.D．Everythinginnatureislikelytobeappliedtoteaching.4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoForestKindergartens?A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Uncertain.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TheuniversityIattendhasabout3500studentsOneearlyafternoon,I1．(walk)aroundthecampuswhenIfoundafemalestudentsittingonthewalkwaywithtearsonherfaceEveryonejustwalkedbyher,soIdecidedtostop2．(give)herahandIdroppedmybooksandsatdownbesideher3．turnedoutthatsheinjuredherankle(腳踝)andwas4．(able)towalkSoItoldherthatIwouldsitwithher5．shewasreadytogetupItonlytookafewminutesforhertocalmdownThenItookher6．thehandandgothertothenearesthospitalShethankedmesomuchforjuststopping!Sincethen,whenwerunintoeachother7．(occasional)oncampus,shewouldsmileandthankmeagainAndwehavebecomegoodfriendsnowIamamazedthatjustmysittingthere,8．(offer)supportandcomforttoatotal9．(strange)wouldaffecthersogreatlyShesaidshewasgratefulforwhatIhaddone,10．madeherfeelthatshewasnotaloneintheworldOneofmyfavourite1．(hobby)ishikingWhenIgohiking,Iwil1wearproperclothingandhikingshoesforthecurrentweatherconditionsAndIwillletmyfamilyandfriendsknowwhereIwillgoandwhenIwillreturnAlso,IwillcarryacompassandGPSunit,2．canguidemeandlocatemypositionWhat'smore,Iwilltakeenoughfoodandwater3．(keep)meenergetic,andemergencysuppliestosurvivedangeroussituationsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)AmemorablescienceprojectIfsomeonetellsyoutorememberaphonenumberoraddress,itfeelslikeaneasytaskatfirst.Yourepeatthenumberstoyourself,eitheraloudorinyourmind.Butafterjustafewsecondsyoumightfindyourselfstartingtodoubtyourownmemory.1、Thus,itwilltrytothrowawayinformationthatseemsoldorirrelevant.Therearewaysofhelpingourmindsretain(記住)information,however,andinthisactivityyouwillexplorewaysthatweloseandkeepmemoriesShort-term,orworkingmemory,isawayofdescribingmostpeople’sabilitiestostoreasmallamountofinformationforabriefperiodoftimeinareadilyaccessibleform2、Peopledon’thavetostopandthinktoremembersomethinginshorttermmemory.3、Suchtechniquesincludevisualizing(觀察)theinformationinasurprisingwayorlinkingpiecesofinformationtogethersothatoneremindsyouoftheother.Inthecaseofvisualizinginformation,thiscouldbeassimpleasrememberingyouparkedyourcaronthefifthfloorintheDsectionbypicturingfivedogssittinginyourcar!4、Ifyouneedtopurchasecereal(谷物),milk,fruit,cheeseandeggs,youcouldimaginethecerealinabowl,withmilkpouringoveritandpiecesoffruitontop.Thenimaginecrackinganeggovereverything,andit’sfullofmeltedcheese!Thesemayseemsimpleorevensilly.5、Inthisactivityyou’lltesttherecallofafewfriendsorfamilymembers,andlearnafewtricksforimprovingmemory!A．Therearemanytechniquesforimprovingmemory.B．Ourbrainisalwaysseekingnewandusefulinformation.C．Short-termmemoryhasashortdurationbutisquicklyandeasilyaccessed.D．Inaddition,linkinginformationcouldhelpyourememberyourgrocerylist.E.Retainingthatinformationoverlongerperiodsoftimebecomesdifficultyet.F.Yourshort-termmemoryhasalimitedamountofspacetostoreinformation.G.However,theyareprovedtobegoodwaysforimprovingmemorybyscientist.Thefirstyearofcollegeisoneofthebestandthemostinterestingperiodsoflife.1、Ontheonehand,itcanbestressingtoleaveyourtownandstartcommunicatingwiththepeopleyoudon'tknow,butwhenyougetusedtotheatmosphere,you'llreallyappreciateandlovethetimespentincollege.1.2、There'sabigamountofinformationyou'vegottoknow.Youmightunderstandhowtoregisterforclasses,whatthenamesofyourprofessorsareorhowtodooneoranother