采礦工程-專業(yè)英語-山科大重點(2013年-新編)

metallicore金屬礦石nonmetallicmineral非金屬礦物coal煤petroleum石油naturalgas天然氣groundcontrol巖層控制ventilation通風haulage運輸hoisting提升rockbreakage破巖surroundingrockmass圍巖，周圍巖層dynamite[dain?mait]n.炸藥minen.礦山，礦井。v.采礦miningn.采礦，采礦業(yè)，采掘行業(yè)mineraln.礦物minedevelopment礦井開拓mineplanning礦井設計mineoperation礦井作業(yè)mineclosure礦井關閉minereclamation礦區(qū)恢復治理oren.礦石ganguen.[ɡ??]夾石，夾矸n.脈石wasten.廢石mineraldeposit礦床prospecting勘探，探礦exploration勘探，探測development開拓exploitation開采reclamation[﹑rekl?′me???n]恢復治理，復墾colliery[′k?li?ri]n.礦井，煤礦surfacemining露天開采shaft井筒，立井slope斜井adit平硐openpitmining基坑式露天開采井，煤礦opencastmining(stripmining)倒堆式露天開采stripe條帶stripemining條帶開采aqueousminingmethod[′eikwi?s]水采方法undergroundmining地下開采unsupportedmining空場法/無支護法supportedmining有支護法cavingmining垮落法/崩落法unitoperations單元作業(yè)；工序productionoperation生產工序，主要工序materialshandling物料搬運drill鉆眼blast爆破load裝載unload，dump，卸載haul運輸auxiliaryoperation輔助工序roofsupport頂板支護ventilationandair-conditioning通風和空氣調節(jié)powersupply供電pumping；drainage排水maintenance設備維護communications通訊lighting照明deliveryofcompressedair,water供水和壓縮空氣suppliestotheworkingsections其它材料供應provideslopestability保持邊坡穩(wěn)定wastedisposal廢物處理supplyofmaterial材料供應Prospecting找礦Exploration勘探Development開拓Exploitation回采Reclamation恢復治理fossil['f?s(?)l;-s?l]n.化石。plantfossil植物化石peatn.泥炭[pi?t]ligniten.褐煤['l?gna?t]=browncoalbituminouscoal煙煤[b?'tju?m?n?s]semianthraciten.[,semi'?nθr?sait]n.[礦物]半無煙煤anthraciten.無煙煤['?nθr?sa?t]meta-anthracite變質無煙煤、高級炭化無煙煤['met?]graphiten.石墨['gr?fa?t]softcoal軟煤，煙煤hardcoal硬煤fernn.蕨類植物[f??n]fernyadj.蕨類的['f?:ni]mossn.苔蘚[m?s]volatileadj.易揮發(fā)的，n.揮發(fā)物['v?l?ta?l]volatilizev.使揮發(fā)[v?'l?t?la?z;'v?l?t?la?z]devolatilize[,di?v?'l?t?la?z]v.除去揮發(fā)成分swampn.沼澤[sw?mp]incoalationn.煤化作用,成煤作用[,ink?u?'lei??n]bacterian.細菌[b?k't??r??]carbonn.碳carboniferousadj.含碳的[,kɑ:b?'nif?r?s]vegetationn.植被，植物[ved??'te??(?)n]accumulatev.積聚,堆積accumulationoverlayvt.在…上蓋erodev.侵蝕，腐蝕n.erosion[?'r??d]勘探，n.explorationexplore,v.勘探開采n.exploitationexploit,v.回采煤田coalfield井田minefield煤炭資源coalresource找煤searchforcoalseam露頭outcrop['a?tkr?p]煤層coalseam可采煤層minablecoalseam巖層strata,rockseam['strɑ?t?]周圍巖層surroundingstrata煤的儲量coalreserves煤質coalquality開采條件miningcondition地質條件geologiccondition水文條件hydrologiccondition煤的賦存occurrenceofcoal[?'k?r(?)ns]地質測量geologicsurvey探掘工程excavationinvestigation地球物理勘探geophysicalexploration鉆探drillingdevelopmentdrilling開拓鉆孔標志層markedbedminedevelopment礦井開拓property礦產PreliminaryInvestigation[pr?'l?m?n(?)r?]（初步調查）FieldReconnaissance[r?'k?n?s(?)ns]（野外普查）PreliminaryExplorationofMiningAreas（礦區(qū)詳查）DetailedExplorationofMineFields（井田精查）地質儲量geologicreserves工業(yè)儲量industrialreserves可采儲量recoverablereserves[r?'k?v?r?bl]回采率/采出率recoveryratio/factor煤柱損失lossesofcoalpillar原地生成煤Inplacecoal原煤rawcoal精煤cleancoal雜質impurity比重specificgravity洗煤廠preparationplant連續(xù)開采法continuousminingmethod普通開采法conventionalminingmethod長壁開采法longwallminingmethod短壁開采法shortwallminingmethod露天礦surfacemine井工礦井deepmineNewwords產狀attitude走向strike傾向dip傾角dipangletiltv.使傾斜foldv.折疊fracturev.使破裂unravelv.解開，闡明；compassn.羅盤clinometern.測斜儀地質構造geologicalstructure褶皺fold背斜upfold向斜downfold斷層fault正斷層normalfault逆斷層reversefault(trustfault)上盤hangingwall下盤footwall斷層落差faultthrow/drop煤層分叉splitcoal沖刷、沖蝕washout礦脈vein巖墻rockdike=rockdykeclasticdike碎屑狀巖墻roll頂?shù)装逋钩鯿leat層理concretion結核igneousintrusion火成巖侵入體covern.覆蓋層。impurityn.雜質，夾矸。cleavagen.節(jié)理strengthn.強度hardnessn.硬度immediateroof直接頂methanen.甲烷，瓦斯blastingminingmethod炮采conventionalmechanizedminingmethod普采fullymechanizedminingmethod綜采Elementn.元素，單元。Operationn.工序，作業(yè)。Dailyoperation日常工作Singleoperation單一工序Unitn.單元，組合Auxiliarya.輔助的，備有的，次要的Cuttingn.BlastingLoadingHaulv.運輸，搬運Ventilationn.通風，通風裝置，通風量，排風。Groundn.地層，土壤Drainagen.排水Powern.動力，功率Communicationn.通訊，聯(lián)絡，傳播Lightingn.照明，采光。roadwayexcavation巷道掘進outcrop－露頭，露出地面的巖層；crosscut－聯(lián)絡巷、石門；outby向外，外向（指從工作面向井筒方向）driftn.平硐drivev.掘進entryn.平巷，巷道roomn.房，煤房pillarn.柱子，煤柱roomandpillarmining房柱式開采conventionallyminingmethod普通采礦法continuousminingmethod連續(xù)采礦法boltn.錨桿；v.錨桿支護boltern.錨桿機continuousminer連續(xù)采煤機shuttlecar梭車tramn.電車；v.運搬barrierpillar邊界煤柱paneln.盤區(qū)bleederentry通風巷道；bloodbleedbleeder泄水管gob采空區(qū)longwallmining長壁開采shortwallmining短壁開采webn.截深planern.刨煤機shearern.滾筒采煤機Inadequacyn.不足，缺乏。<--In+adequacy(足夠，適當)Transportationfacility運輸設備Inflationaryadj.通貨膨脹的,通貨膨脹引起的<--inflationn.脹大,通貨膨脹,(物價)暴漲<--inflatev膨脹，充氣。Inflationaryprocess通貨膨脹過程Driveup抬高，提高Driveinto掘進到…electromechanicaladj.機電的Electro(電子的)+mechanical(機械的)Electromechanicalmineoperation礦井機電作業(yè)Staffv.雇用，聘用Seasonv適用，適應Coordinaten.坐標。v.（使）互相配合，（使）協(xié)調，調整。Amultitude（n.多數(shù)，多量）of大量Capitalinvestment基本建設投資Foremost最主要的，最重要的Mtmetricton公噸。453.5Mt=500milliontons0.907Mt=1milliontonputintooperation投產，投入使用Thelifeoftheproperty礦產/井的使用年限。Forconvenience為了方便其見Minability可采性Marketability適銷性，可銷性Option買賣選擇權,優(yōu)先購買權Enterupon開始Operatingmine生產礦井Surfacetopography地面地形，表面地形Coalfield煤田Measure層組Coal-bearingmeasure含煤地層Feature特征；地貌。structuralfeature構造特征surfaceimprovement地面上的改造Tilledarea耕地Reservoir水庫Powerline電力線，輸電線Reservationn.保留地；自然保護區(qū)onrecordn.留有記錄的,記錄在案的Preliminaryadj.初步的，預備的，Preferred優(yōu)先〔選用〕的，首選的Traverse導線。Traversewithcompass羅盤定位。Systemsurveying系統(tǒng)測量Sampling采樣Haveabearingon對…有影響，與...有關Available有效的，可用的Pricingschedule定價方案Preparationtreatment洗選加工Selectiveadj.有選擇性的,選擇的Masteradj.主要的，總的。Prepare準備，制定Amasterplanofoperation總體生產計劃。Serveas用作，作為，起到…作用。Basis基礎，根據(jù)，依據(jù)Since引導原因狀語從句Justify調整，證明，證明…是正確的，Considerableadj.相當大的，相當多的Drillingpattern鉆孔布置，鉆孔圖式Basicmap底圖，基本地圖Logsheet鉆孔柱狀圖Tabularadj.<==tableTabularrecord表格記錄Operatingmanagement經營管理部門，經營管理,作業(yè)管理階層Lifeexpectancy預期使用年限，使用壽命Deliveryofsupplies材料供應Estimateofthecost成本估計Salesdepartment銷售部門coalfieldn.煤田minefieldn.井田dividev.劃分divisionn.劃分mineproductioncapacity（MPC）礦井生產能力mineservicelife礦井服務年限productionscaleofmine井型smallmine小型礦井middlemine中型礦井largemine大型礦井hugemine特大型礦井striken.走向;dipn.傾向;dipangle傾角workableadj.可采的workablereserven.可采儲量openingn.通道，開口passagewayn.通道m(xù)ineopeningn.礦山井巷shaftn.立井roadwayn.巷道chambern.硐室mainshaft主立井auxiliaryshaft副立井airshaft風井blindshaft暗立井drawnshaft溜井chuten.溜煤眼[?u:t]aditn.平硐driftn.平硐crosscutn.聯(lián)絡巷；石門coalcrosscut煤門in-seamcrosscutentryn.平巷haulagen.運輸mainhaulageroadway主要運輸平巷mainreturn-airroadway主要回風平巷headentry區(qū)段運輸平巷tailentry區(qū)段回風平巷Slopen.斜井risen.上山dipn.下山rockrise巖石上山coalrise煤層上山coalhaulagerise運煤上山materialtransportingrise運料上山return-airrise回風上山men-walkingrise行人上山inclinedroadwayofastrip分帶斜巷inclinedcoalhaulageroadwayofastrip分帶運煤斜巷inclinedmaterialhaulageroadwayofastrip分帶運料斜巷developmentroadway開拓巷道preparationroadway準備巷道gateway回采巷道pitbottom井底車場shaftbottom井底車場stationn.車場，車站miningdistrictstation采區(qū)車場horizonn.階段leveln.水平haulagelevel運輸水平return-airlevel回風水平mininglevel開采水平intervalbetweenlevels階段垂高miningdistrict采區(qū)paneln.盤區(qū)Subleveln.分段stripdistrictn.帶區(qū)inclinedlength斜長strikelength走向長度districtsublevel區(qū)段open-offcutn.切眼Coalfacen.采煤面workingface工作面productionn.生產；產量productionsystem生產系統(tǒng)coalhaulagesystem運煤系統(tǒng)ventilationn.通風ventilationsystem通風系統(tǒng)freshair新鮮風dirtyair乏風，污風refusen.矸石materialandrefusetransportationsystem運料排矸系統(tǒng)drainv.排水drainagesystem排水系統(tǒng)powersupplysystem(electricpower,compressedair)動力供應（電、壓風）communicationandmonitoringsystem通訊、監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)drivev.掘進excavatev.開挖，開掘hoistv.提升winchn.絞車1)RoadwayLine巷道線路Loaded(full)trackofmainshaft主井重車線Emptiedtrackofmainshaft主井空車線Fulltrackofauxiliaryshaft副井重車線Emptiedtrackofauxiliaryshaft副井空車線Materialtrackofauxiliaryshaft材料車線Detourroadway繞道回車線Cargatheringtrack(servicetrack)調車線ConnectionjunctionN1、N2、N3、N4連接道岔2)Chambersofshaftbottom井底車場硐室(1)Chambersofm