熱點(diǎn)06大數(shù)據(jù)與數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)話題解讀關(guān)鍵能力(題型)強(qiáng)化專練(通用版)

備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)話題解讀+關(guān)鍵能力(題型)強(qiáng)化專練熱點(diǎn)06大數(shù)據(jù)與數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)什么是大數(shù)據(jù)大數(shù)據(jù)（bigdata），是指無(wú)法在可承受的時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)用常規(guī)軟件工具進(jìn)行捕捉、管理和處理的數(shù)據(jù)集合。在維克托·邁爾-舍恩伯格及肯尼斯·庫(kù)克耶編寫的《大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代》中大數(shù)據(jù)指不用隨機(jī)分析法（抽樣調(diào)查）這樣的捷徑，而采用所有數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析處理。大數(shù)據(jù)的4V特點(diǎn)：Volume（大量）、Velocity（高速）、Variety（多樣）、Value（價(jià)值）。對(duì)于“大數(shù)據(jù)”（Bigdata）研究機(jī)構(gòu)Gartner給出了這樣的定義?！按髷?shù)據(jù)”是需要新處理模式才能具有更強(qiáng)的決策力、洞察發(fā)現(xiàn)力和流程優(yōu)化能力的海量、高增長(zhǎng)率和多樣化的信息資產(chǎn)。根據(jù)維基百科的定義，大數(shù)據(jù)是指無(wú)法在可承受的時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)用常規(guī)軟件工具進(jìn)行捕捉、管理和處理的數(shù)據(jù)集合。大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)的戰(zhàn)略意義不在于掌握龐大的數(shù)據(jù)信息，而在于對(duì)這些含有意義的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行專業(yè)化處理。換言之，如果把大數(shù)據(jù)比作一種產(chǎn)業(yè)，那么這種產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利的關(guān)鍵，在于提高對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的“加工能力”，通過“加工”實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的“增值”。（來源：）數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方興未艾，更多企業(yè)邁上“云端”（中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng)北京9月26日訊）國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局26日發(fā)布的《新動(dòng)能茁壯成長(zhǎng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)方興未艾——黨的十八大以來經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展成就系列報(bào)告之九》顯示，我國(guó)深入實(shí)施數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，不斷完善數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，激活數(shù)據(jù)要素潛能，大力推進(jìn)數(shù)字產(chǎn)業(yè)化和產(chǎn)業(yè)數(shù)字化，數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展提供了強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力。2020年，我國(guó)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)核心產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值占GDP的比重達(dá)7.8%，數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)總量躍居世界第二位。信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)全球領(lǐng)先，已建成全球最大5G網(wǎng)。2021年末，我國(guó)累計(jì)建成并開通5G基站142.5萬(wàn)個(gè)，占全球60%以上。數(shù)字技術(shù)與各行業(yè)加速融合，電子商務(wù)蓬勃發(fā)展，共享經(jīng)濟(jì)、平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)日益壯大?！吨袊?guó)共享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展報(bào)告（2022）》顯示，2021年我國(guó)共享經(jīng)濟(jì)交易規(guī)模約36881億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)約9.2%。工業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型提速，工業(yè)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備數(shù)字化水平持續(xù)提升，更多企業(yè)邁上“云端”。目前，全國(guó)已培育100個(gè)以上具有行業(yè)特色和區(qū)域影響力的工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺(tái)，連接工業(yè)設(shè)備數(shù)量超過7600萬(wàn)臺(tái)（套），平臺(tái)匯聚的工業(yè)APP突破59萬(wàn)個(gè)。（來源：《瀟湘晨報(bào)》，2022-09-26）圾郵件spam屏幕保護(hù)screensaver桌面desktop黑客hacker木馬（一種黑客程序）TrojanHorse病毒virus博客blog寫博客的人blogger播客podcast點(diǎn)擊量clickrate瀏覽量/訪問量pageview漏洞bug語(yǔ)音視頻voiceandvideochat網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂onlineclass群聊groupchat導(dǎo)航欄navigationbar一級(jí)頁(yè)面homepage/mainpage二級(jí)頁(yè)面secondarypage/subordinatepage搜索引擎searchengine自動(dòng)搜索autosearch手動(dòng)搜索manualsearch站點(diǎn)管理員sitemanager寬帶broadband帶寬bandwidth服務(wù)器server瀏覽器browser認(rèn)證授權(quán)certificateauthority域名系統(tǒng)DNS--(DomainNameSystem)域名domainname以太網(wǎng)ethernet常見問題回答FAQ(frequentaskedquestions)防火墻firewall互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的激烈爭(zhēng)論flamewar局域網(wǎng)，本地網(wǎng)LAN--(LocalAreaNetwork)郵件發(fā)送清單maillist網(wǎng)絡(luò)禮節(jié)netiquette端口port網(wǎng)關(guān)gateway安全認(rèn)證securitycertificate遠(yuǎn)程登陸telnet論壇BBS(BulletinBoardSystem)/forum論壇版塊board版主moderator用戶user管理員administrator發(fā)貼post回帖reply提交貼子submitpost預(yù)覽preview重置reset主題topic/thread加精addtodigest置頂stick移動(dòng)move刪除delete刷新refresh登陸logon/login注銷logout一、閱讀理解1FiveyearsisarathershorttimeinthelonghistoryofChina.Butfordigital(數(shù)字的)development,alotofchangeshavetakenplaceinmanyaspectsofourlife.Nowadays,it’snormalforpeopletocommunicateonWeChat,themostpopularmobilesocialmediaplatforminChina.Peopletakelesscash(現(xiàn)金)withthembecausemostofthestoresandhotelsacceptWeChatPayandAlipay.InChina,holdingamobilephonemeanshavingtheworldinyourhands.Youcanshop,travel,communicate,havefunbyusingamobilephone,andallofthesetaskscanbecompletedwithafewfingertaps.Withoutmobilephones,lifewouldseemdull.Bytheendof2016,therewere695millionmobilephoneusersinChina,anincreaseof12percentonyear-on-yearbasis.TheaveragemobileInternetdatatrafficreached172megabytespermonth,whichwasfarmorethantheglobalaverage.Atthetwosessions(兩會(huì)),PremierLiKeqiangpointedoutthatin2017thespeedofmobilenetworkwouldbeincreasedandthecostwouldbereducedgreatly.Mobileratesfordomesticroaming(國(guó)內(nèi)漫游)andlongdistancecallswouldbecancelled(取消).Meanwhile,theTD-LTE4GcommunicationtechnologydevelopedmainlyinChinahasbeenacceptedandwidelyusedacrosstheworld.In2020,China’s5Gnetworkisinservice.IthelpsChina’smobiletelecommunicationovertake(反超)theinternationalcommunity’s.1.Peopletakelesscashwiththembecause________.A.cashisn’tusefulanymore B.it’seasiertouseonlinepaybymobilephoneC.manystoresrefusecash D.onlinepayisusedinallstoresandhotels2.Byusingamobilephone,youcandomanythingsEXCEPT________.A.orderingsomethingtoeat B.chattingwithfriendsC.playinggames D.cookingsomethingdelicious3.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat________.A.ThecostofusingmobilephonesislowerB.thespeedofmobilenetworksloweddownC.ChineseuserswillmakephonecallsforfreeinthefutureD.theusingofmobilephoneswascancelled4.Whichoneistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Peoplecan’tlivewithoutmobilephones.B.Thespeedofmobilenetworkandthecostwouldbeincreasedgreatly.C.TheTD—LTE4GcommunicationtechnologyisonlyusedinChina.D.China’s5Gnetworkhasalreadybeeninservice.2ChineseathletesdidagreatjobattheTokyo2020OlympicGames,winning88medalsintotal.Butdoyouknowthattherearemanycooltechnologiesbehindtheirsuccess?SuBingtian,thefirstChinesesprinter,reachedanOlympic100mfinal.Withthehelpofscientifictraining,hemadehisbreakthrough.“IttakesSu47stepstorun100metres.Eachstepcounts,”LiangDong,amemberofSu’strainingteam,toldShenzhenEveningNews.“RandyHuntington,Su’sAmericancoachandabiomechanics（生物力學(xué)）expertintrackandfield,hascollectedalotofdata（數(shù)據(jù)）onoutstandingsprintersandbuiltadatabase.HeputinallofSu’sdataandgotanear-optimal（接近最優(yōu)的）model.WhenSuistraining,theteamuseshigh-speedcamerastorecordhistrainingandcomparesitwiththemodeltofindouthisweaknesses.”Technologyhasalsobroughtanewimprovementtotabletennis.OnJuly27,thesemifinalmatchbetweenChina’sSunYingshaandJapan’sMimaITOwasinfullswing（正在全力進(jìn)行）attheTokyoMetropolitanGymnasium.Youwouldn’thaveguessedthatbesidesplayers,judgesandaudiences,apowerfulAIplatformwaswatchingthematch.Everyserve,swingandmovementofMimaITOwascaughtbythisAIcloudplatformsetinTokyo.Atanaveragespeedof100Mbps,thedatawassenttothetechnicalteamoftheZhejiangUniversityTableTennisIntelligentBigDataAnalysisPlatform,2,442kilometresawayfromtheTokyoMetropolitanGymnasium,accordingtoThePaper.Theplatformhasstoredthedataofmorethan8,000matchessofar.Theresearchteamhasbeenworkingonmatchsimulation（模擬）since2018.“UsingbigdataandAI,wecancorrectlysimulateandpredicthowthewinningratewillchangewhenplayerschangecertaintactics（策略）.”ProfessorWuYingcai,themaindeveloperoftheplatform,toldCCTV-2.TheTokyoOlympicGameshaveseennotonlyscientificsupportintraining,butmanycutting-edgetechnologiesinathletes’devices（設(shè)備）.Forexample,theKenyawomen’svolleyballteam’sGPSdevicesfeddataoneachplayer’sstrength,heartrateandsoontocoaches,whousedtheinformationtopreventinjury（受傷）andpersonalizetrainingplansforeachindividual,SouthChinaMorningPostreported.5.WhohelpedSuBingtianalottomakehisbreakthrough?A.Hisscientifictraining. B.Supportfromhisfamily.C.Hiscoach’sencouragement. D.Supportfromothersprinters.6.What’stheadvantageofmatchsimulationaccordingtoProfessorWuYingcai?A.Playerscanstudyotherplayers’tactics.B.Playerscanknowtheirownweaknesses.C.Ithelpsplayersimprovetheirwinningrate.D.Ithelpsjudgesmakethecorrectjudgement.7.TheGPSdevicescanhelpcoaches________.A.quicklyfindoutplayers’informationB.givepropertreatmentforsportsinjuriesC.makebetterdecisionsforfuturetrainingD.followplayers’movementduringthegame8.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThesuccessoftheTokyoOlympics.B.TheadvantagesofusingAIattheTokyoOlympics.C.ThewaysathletespreparedfortheTokyoOlympics.D.TechnologiesthathelpedathletesattheTokyoOlympics.9.Thepassageismostlikelyto________.A.beanadvertisementB.appearinatechnologynewspaperC.beaposterfortheTokyo2020OlympicGamesD.appearintheguidebookforsportsmen3Whenyoulookupatthenightsky,whatcomestomind?ForChristineYe,allshecanthinkaboutarethemysteriesoftheuniverse(宇宙).Thankstoherstudyofblackholesandneutronstars(中子星),the17-year-oldatEastlakeHighSchoolinWashington,theUnitedStates,wonthetopawardatthe2022RegeneronScienceTalentSearch.It’soneoftheoldestandbest-knownsciencecompetitionsforUShighschoolstudents.Itfocusesoncreativity,followingtherulesofscience,andaperson’spotential(潛力)tobecomealeaderinscience.Ye’sresearchisbasedondatafromtheLaserInterferometerGravitational-waveObservatory(LIGO,激光干涉引力波天文臺(tái)).SheusedthedatatosolveoneofLIGO’shardestpuzzles(謎題).In2019,researchersfoundripples(漣漪)inspace-time.Therippleswerecausedbythecollision(碰撞)ofablackholewithanunknownobjectthatwas2.6timesaslargeasEarth’ssun.Byanalyzing(分析)thedata,Yeandherco-writer,NorthwesternUniversityresearcherMayaFishbach,pointedoutthattheunknownobjectcouldbeafast-spinningneutronstar.Theyalsofoundthatafast-spinningneutronstarcouldbeverylarge,butstillsmallerthanablackhole.Thankstotheresearch,Yewonfirstplaceand$250,000(about159,000yuan).“I’mtotallyinshock,”YetoldGeekWireaftertheresultscameout.“Itfeelsamazing.”ShealsosaidworkingwithscientistsatNorthwesternUniversityhasbeena“once-in-a-lifetimeexperience”.Yeplanstostudyastrophysics(天體物理學(xué))incollege,especiallygravitational-wave(引力波)astronomy.“It’saveryyoungfield,”shesaid.“Itwouldbereallynicetogrowupwiththefieldasitdevelops.”10.WhydidChristineYewintheaward?A.Forfindinganewneutronstar. B.ForsolvingaLIGOpuzzle.C.Forbeingtheyoungestastronomer. D.Forfindingripplesinspace-time.11.Whatisthe“object”inParagraph4?A.Aripple. B.Ablackhole. C.Thesun. D.Aneutronstar.12.HowdidYefeelafterwinningtheaward?A.Shewasafraidofbeingfamous. B.Shewasmostlyhappyabouttheprizemoney.C.Shewassurprisedandexcited. D.Shedidn’tcareabouttheaward.13.Whichisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.TeenScientistWinsBigAward B.WorkinaNewFieldC.WaystoStudyUniverse D.Ripples(漣漪)inSpace-time4Haveyounoticedyourlifebecomingalittleeasier?Now,whenyougotoacertainshoppingmall,youcanenjoyitsfreeWi-Fithere.Whenyouwanttotakeataxi,youcanbook(預(yù)定)onewithyourphone.Infact,allthesecanbeseenasthebasicpartsofasmartcity.TheideaofasmartcitywasbroughtupbyUScompanyIBMin2010.Generally,asmartcityisacitythatusesdigitaltechnologiessuchastheInternettoimprovecityplanning,savemoneyandresources,andmakeourlifeconvenient.Howsmartcanacitybe?Herearegreatexamplesthatwecanlearnfrom.In2009,DubuquebecamethefirstsmartcityintheUS.Thecityusedsmartwatermeterstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwatermeters.Theycandetect(探測(cè))waterwasteandleakage(泄漏)andsenddatatoletthehouseownerknow.Thesamesystemisusedforothercityresourceslikeelectricityandnaturalgas.Thisway,peopleknowhowtheyusetheirresourcesandaregladtohelpreducewaste.SantanderinSpainalsogivesusalookinthefuture.Ifpeoplepointaphonetowardanearbybusstop,thephoneimmediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatservethestopaswellastheirarrivaltimes.ThegovernmentorganizedaresearchteamandprovidedanApp(應(yīng)用程序)thatcollectsdataonalmosteverything:light,temperature,andthemovementsofcarsandpeople.OpeningtheAppnearasupermarketprovidesimmediateinformationonspecialoffers.14.Theunderlinedword“convenient”istheclosestinmeaningto________.A.useful B.normal C.suitable D.easy15.Comparedtotraditionalwatermeters,smartwatermetersdobetterin________.A.cleaningwater B.supplyingwater C.savingwater D.producingwater16.TheexampleofSantandershowstheuseofsmartsystemsinaspects(方面)EXCEPT________.A.business B.healthcare C.trafficcontrolling D.publictransportation17.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisRIGHT?A.Digitaltechnologiesareusedinsmartcities.B.AnEnglishcompanyfirstraisedtheideaofasmartcity.C.AsmartcityismainlymadeupoffreeWi-Fiandphones.D.Asmartcityisstillanideaandhasn’tcomeintobeing.18.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Digitaltechnologieshelpimprovecityplanning.B.Smartcitieswillmakeourfuturelifebetterandsmarter.C.SmartcitiesareverycommoninbothDubuqueandSantander.D.SpainandtheUStaketheleadingpositioninbuildingsmartcities.5Facial-recognitioncamerasareeverywhere-eveninyoursmartphone.Manypeopleusethistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoors,ormakequickpayments.Butthereisaproblemduringtheepidemic(疫情):everyonewearsmasks.Whataheadache!Scientistsaretryingtosolvethisproblem.Forexample,EngineeringandTechnology(E&T)magazinereportsthatHanwang,atechcompanyinBeijing,hasmadeanewsystem.Itcanrecognize(辨認(rèn))95%ofpeoplewhentheywearmasks.What’sthesecret?It’sallaboutyoureyes.MariosSavvidesfromCamegieMellonUniversitystudiesfacial-recognition.Aswegetolder,hesays,ourfaceschangeshape.Buttheareaaroundoureyesdoesn’t.Itstaysthesame—evenifweputonweight.Aslongasthereareenoughdatafromtheareaofoureyes,thecamerascanrecognizeus.Tech5isanotherfacial-recognitioncompany.TheSwisscompany’sproductsscan(掃描)theshapeofyourface.Theyalsoscanyouriris,whichisthecoloredpartofyoureyes.Tech5hopestoignore(忽略)allofthefacebelowthenose.Thiskindofsoftwareismoreimportantthanjustunlockingyourphone.“Itcandiscovercriminals,evenwhentheywearmasks,”saidHuangLeifromHanwang.Hanwang’stechnologyisusedbyChinesepoliceinplaceslikesubwaystationsandairports.SimilartechnologyisusedbytheUnitedStatesAirForce.Huangpointedoutonebigweakness:itfailswhenpeoplewearbothamaskandsunglasses.“Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,”LeisaidtoE&T.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。19.Atpresent,whatcanfacial-recognitiontechnologybeusedfor?A.Takingphotos. B.Shuttingdoors. C.Payingforthings. D.Lockingsmartphones.20.Whichofthefollowingisapictureofamask?A. B. C. D.21.Whatistheproblemwiththistechnologyduringtheepidemic?A.Itdoesn’tworkwhenpeoplewearmasks. B.Itcausestroubletopeople’sfaces.C.Itbringspeopleheadachesallthetime. D.Itgivespersonalinformationtothebad.22.Whyareeyesthekeytosolvingrecognitionproblems?A.Becauseeyesnevergetold.B.Becauseeyeshavebrightcolors.C.Becausetheareaaroundoureyesdoesn’tchange.D.Becauseeyescanstorethepeople’skeyinformation.23.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Itisallabouteyes. B.Itisasafeway.C.Facialinformationisimportant. D.Facial-recognitionisarisk.6California’sSiliconValleyshapesourlives.Untilrecently,thatis.TheriseofTikTokhashittheheartofSiliconValley’ssupremacy(最高地位).AlongwithotherdigitalproductscomingoutofChina,TikTokhasthepossibilitytoreshapethefutureoftechnology.It’shardtooverstatejusthowmuchofaswitch(轉(zhuǎn)變)thisis.AndChineseapps,platformsandservicescurrentlylookquitedifferentfromthoseintheWest.Already,thewayChinese-launchedappsinteractwithusers,andtheservicestheyofferwithintheapps,areinfluencingWesternplatforms.InChina,peopledoalotofecommerce(電子商務(wù))andbusinessthroughtheirapps.Fromshoppingonlinetohailingtaxis,socializingwithfriendsandmeetingupwithstrangers,everythingyoucandowithinoneapp.Westerncompaniesaretakingnote.PlatformslikeFacebookhavebeguntobringvariousfeaturesandservicesunderasingleumbrella.AnotherwayinwhichChinesesocialmediaplatformsareinfluencingWesternonesisinhowtheypresentandfilter(過濾)information.FacebookandTwitterrecommendpostsbasedonwhatyourfriendsarepostingandsharingonyournewsfeed.TikTokandotherChineseappslikeittrytolearnasmuchasitcanaboutyou,andthendirectcontenttoyoutheythinkyou’lllike.UndertheChinesemodelofalgorithmic(算法的)explorationandrecommendation,usersarelessbeholden(有責(zé)任的)tothepersonalcontentcreatorstheyfollow.OnYouTube,bigpersonalitieshavebecomecelebritiesbecauseoftheirabilitytobuildaloyalfanbase(粉絲園).ButonTikTok,anyonecanbecomeastarovernightbecauseofasinglevideothatprovespopularwiththeapp’salgorithm.Thatfamecandisappearalmostasquicklywhenthenextbigvideoissurfacedthroughtheapp’scode.Givenhowpopularthatstrategyhasbeen,itcouldsignalabroaderchangeamongothersocialmediaplatforms,aswell.IfChinesecompaniescontinuetoplayanincreasinginfluentialroleintech,ouronlineworldcouldlookverydifferentby,say,2030.24.Thepassagemostprobablyappearsin________.A.atravelguide B.asciencemagazine C.aresearchreport D.aproductinstruction25.WhatistheFIRSTparagraphusedfor?A.TointroducethehistoryofCalifornia’sSiliconValley.B.ToexpresstheimportanceofChinesedigitalproducts.C.ToshowthedevelopmentofCalifornia’sSiliconValley.D.TodescribethedisadvantagesofChinesedigitalproducts.26.What’sthemainreasonforTikToktobebetterthanWesterndigitalproducts?A.ThebigmarketinChina. B.Itsloyaluserbases.C.Theadvancedalgorithmic. D.Itsdifferentfunctions.27.WhichmayNOTbethepossiblefutureoftechnology?A.Platformwouldmakecelebritieshavemoreloyalfans.B.Differentserviceswouldbeprovidedinonedigitalproduct.C.Peoplehavealargerpossibilityofbeingfamousonthoseplatforms.D.ThealgorithmicofTikTokwouldbewidelyappliedtofilterinformation.750yearsago,studentscouldlookupinformationinatextbookandbelieveittobetrue.Peoplestillhadtheirownopinionsandbiases（偏見）,buttheycouldn’tsoeasilybewellknowntothepublic,norspreadsowidely.Intoday’sworld,anybodycanpostanythingonline.Sowhenstudentshaveaquestion,aquickInternetsearchwillprovidethemwithmillionsofdifferentanswers.Andalsoinformationisbeingproducedandspreadfasterthanever.Butdostudentsreallyunderstandanythingtheyseeonline?Dotheyknowhowtotellwhat’strueandwhatisn’twhat’sthefactandwhat’stheopinion?Dotheyknowhowtocreatetheirownonlinethings?Iftheycandothesethings,thentheyare“digitallyliterate（有數(shù)字素養(yǎng)的）”.Teachingstudents“digitalliteracy”skillsisasimportantasthetraditionalskillsofliteracy（文學(xué)）—readingandwriting.In2017,thetheme（主題）forInternationalLiteracyDay,whichfellonSept.8,was“Literacyinadigitalworld”.In2022,thethemewas“Narrowingthedigitaldivide（縮小數(shù)字鴻溝）”,whichalsoshowedtheimportanceofdigitalskills.Whyaretheseskillsimportant?Readingandwritingteachpeoplehowtowatchtheworld.Learningdigitalskillsdoesthesamething.TheseskillscanhelppeoplestaycomfortableandfreeontheInternet,whichisimportantintheinformationage.Educationisthekeytothis,butonlyafewschoolsteachstudentshowtospotwhetherinformationisbiased.Schoolshavealargeresponsibilityinthismatter.Teacherscantellstudentssomewaystomakesurewhattheyreadistrue,suchascheckingwheretheinformationcomesfromandwhowritesit.Whileparentscanalsoplayaroleinhelpingtheirchildrennottobelieveeverythingtheyreadonline.28.Whatdidstudentsusetodowhentheyhadaquestion?A.Lookupatextbook. B.SearchtheInternet.C.Postsomethingonline. D.Createtheirownthings.29.Whatcandigitalskillsteachpeople?A.Howtoreadandwrite. B.Howtowatchtheworld.C.Howtocreateinformation. D.Howtostaycomfortableandfree.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spot”mean?A.Learn. B.Point. C.Separate. D.Find.31.Howdoesthewriterdevelopthethemeofthepassage?A.Bylistinghisideas. B.Bytellingstories.C.Bycomparinginformation. D.Byprovidinganswers.32.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheKeytoEducation B.TheTraditionalSkillsofLiteracyC.TheImportanceofDigitalLiteracy D.TheDevelopmentofDigitalLiteracy二、完形填空1Areyouhungry?Openanapp,placeyour___33___andwaitforyourfoodtobedelivered（送）toyourhome—thisis___34___manypeopleeatinChinathesedays.Accordingtothelatestdata,421millionChinesepeopleuseonlinefooddeliveryservices.That'sequaltohalfthetotalnumberofInternetusersinChina.Whichgroupofpeopleisorderingfoodonlinethe___35___?Unsurprising,it'smainly___36___people.Arecentreportshowedthat86.3percentoftheservice'susersarebetween20and34yearsold.___37___familiesdependgreatlyonfooddeliveryservices.AccordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics(國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局),Chinesefamilieshavechangedin___38___overthepasttenyears.In2002,only7.7percentoffamiliesweresingle-personhouseholds.Butthisnumberincreasedto15.6percentin2017.Thepercentageoftwo-personfamiliesrosefrom18.4in2002to27.2in2017.Forthesefamilies,cookingrelatively(相對(duì))takesmoretimeandresources.___39___orderingfoodonlinehasbecomemorepopular.TheimprovementofChina'sfooddeliveryserviceshasalsoattractedmorecustomers.AccordingtoMeituan'sreport,theaveragetimetakestomakeafooddelivery___40___from38minutesin2016to29minutesin2019.Manydeliveryplatformsarealsoofferingmoreservices,deliveringmealswithfruit,soup,medicineoreven___41___.Asitsservicescontinueto___42___,it'slikelythatthefooddeliveryindustrywillkeepgrowing.33.A.food B.order C.menu D.message34.A.why B.what C.which D.how35.A.least B.fewest C.most D.largest36.A.old B.young C.poor D.rich37.A.Small B.Big C.Traditional D.Modern38.A.shape B.kind C.age D.size39.A.And B.But C.So D.Because40.A.rose B.dropped C.increased D.turned41.A.rice B.noodle C.drinks D.flowers42.A.improve B.correct C.mend D.develop2根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)能填入相應(yīng)空格內(nèi)的最佳答案，并把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。Imagine—youarerunningtocatchatrain,onlytofindthatyouforgotyourIDcard!Youcannotgetonthetrain____43____it.Don’tworry.Inthenearfuture,youwilljustneedadigital(數(shù)字的)IDonyoursmartphone.Recently,Chinesegovernmentsaytheywillintroduceadigitalversion(版本)ofthenationalIDcardsthisyear.Oneofitspurposesistobettermeetthebasicliving____44____ofmorethan100millionpeoplewholiveawayfromtheirhometowns.Thesepeoplehavetogotoschoolorworkatdifferentplaces.Sometimesinordertoprove(證明)that“Iam____45____Iam”,theyhavetorunbackhometogettheirIDinformation.It____46____time,moneyandmanpower.ButDigitalIDcardscanallowpeopletogettheirpersonalinformationthrougha____47____scan(掃描)withasmartphone.Thisway,____48____willbedoneinjustseveralsecondsandpeoplecangetalotofconvenience(便利).Meanwhile,thegovernmentwillthinkaboutpeoplewhodonotusesmartphones,especiallyoldpeople.Theyaretryingtocomeupwithsomewaystohelpthem.Also,people’spersonalinformationwillbeprotected____49____theydon’tneedtoworrythatothersgettheirpersonalinformation.Infact,ChinastartedtheearlytryofdigitalIDsin2018.Itallowedpeople____50____Quzhou,HangzhouandFuzhoutogetthemonAlipay.DigitalIDscouldbe____51____usedtoopenbankaccounts,checkintohotelsandbuyhigh-speedrailwayticketsandsoon.China’sfirstIDcard_____52_____in1984.ThepresentIDcardisthesecond-generationversion.Withthedevelopmentofscience,webelievemoreandmorenewtechnologieswillappearinlife.43.A.with B.without C.by D.through44.A.needs B.habits C.skills D.hobbies45.A.how B.where C.what D.who46.A.saves B.changes C.wastes D.gives47.A.simple B.easy C.useful D.difficult48.A.everybody B.nobody C.everything D.nothing49.A.because B.so C.although D.but50.A.to B.on C.for D.in51.A.hardly B.carefully C.widely D.clearly52.A.cameout B.gaveout C.lookedout D.putout三、短文首字母填空根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。Howdoweknowthetime?Aclock,awatchoracellphonecanhelpus.However,manyyearsagotherewerenoclocksandknowingthetimewasnotsoeasy.Overthecenturies,peoplehavedevelopeddifferentw____53____oftellingthetime.About5,500yearsago,theEgyptiansi____54____thesunclock.Thiswasatallstonestructure.Itsshadow（影子）showedthemovementofthes____55____.Theywereabletodetermine（測(cè)定）midday.About3,500yearsago,theEgyptiansmadeasundial.Itwassmallerthanthesunclockandcouldmeasure（測(cè)量）thetimeforhalfaday.Onc____56____daysoratnightitwasimpossibletotellthetimewithasunclockorasundial.Waterclockswerethef____57____clocksnottousethesun.Theideaissimple.Waterflows（流動(dòng)）fromonecontainer（容器）toa____58____.Whenthewaterreachesacertainlevel,itmovesalever（控制桿）andthisshowsthehours.TheseEgyptiansusedwaterclocksabout3,400yearsago.TheseclockswerepopularintheMiddleEastandChinabuttheyf____59____tokeepaccurate（精確的）time.Inthe13thcentury,themechanicalclockwasinvented.Thiswasmoreaccurate,b____60____itwasexpensivetomake.Overthenextfewcenturiesitwasdeveloped.Forexample,springs（發(fā)條）wereaddedaround1500.Thisi____61____accuracyandallowedclockstobesmaller.In1927,thefirstquartzclockwasdeveloped.Clocksbecamecheapertobuildandown.Peoplebegandependingonthemmoreandmoretorunbusinesses,marketsandsoon.Morerecently,in1956,camethedigitalclock.Andnowadayssatellites（人造衛(wèi)星）sendourcellphonesthetimetotheexactsecond.Therehasbeenalotofprogressintimekeepingbutsomethingsneverc_______62_______.Manyofusstillhavetroublegettingoutofbedontimeandnotmissingappointment.四、書面表達(dá)63.現(xiàn)在科學(xué)技術(shù)日新月異，各種發(fā)明以及高科技產(chǎn)品成為了我們生活中不可缺少的東西，如電腦、筆記本電腦（laptop）、手機(jī)（mobilephone）、MP4、數(shù)碼相機(jī)（digitalcamera）、iPad等。請(qǐng)以“MyFavouriteInvention”為題描述你最喜歡的一種發(fā)明，并說明理由（理由至少有兩個(gè)方面）。詞數(shù)在80詞左右。MyFavouriteInvention____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案一、閱讀理解1【答案】1.B

2.D

3.A

4.D【解析】本文介紹了中國(guó)數(shù)字化的發(fā)展，數(shù)字化給中國(guó)人民的生活帶來非常大的便利，中國(guó)也在促進(jìn)5G通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peopletakelesscash(現(xiàn)金)withthembecausemostofthestoresandhotelsacceptWeChatPayandAlipay.”可知，由于大多數(shù)商店和酒店接受微信支付和支付寶支付，所以人們隨身攜帶的現(xiàn)金較少了。由此說明用手機(jī)在線支付更方便。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Youcanshop,travel,communicate,havefunbyusingamobilephone,andallofthesetaskscanbecompletedwithafewfingertaps.”可知，你可以利用手機(jī)購(gòu)物，旅行，交流，娛樂，所有的活動(dòng)只需用手指點(diǎn)擊幾下。文中沒有提到利用手機(jī)能做飯。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mobileratesfordomesticroaming(國(guó)內(nèi)漫游)andlongdistancecallswouldb