屆高三英語定語從句復(fù)習(xí)

2014屆高考英語二輪語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)定語從句指出下列句中畫線部分的名稱

Avirus

whichiscalledH7N9birdfluspreadsinShanghai.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句summary

1.定語從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于_______詞，在句中作______修飾___詞或____詞。被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為______.定語從句一般放在先行詞的_____.引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞稱為_______.形容定語名代先行詞后面關(guān)系詞

2.定語從句的三種功能

1）_______________________;2)__________________________________;

3)_________________________在從句開頭引導(dǎo)定語從句替代先行詞。且先行詞絕不可省，引導(dǎo)詞有時(shí)可?。ㄈ缫龑?dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)）在定語從句中充當(dāng)成分

關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)系副詞的理解和選擇

高考考點(diǎn)歸納先行詞關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)成分主語賓語（可?。┒ㄕZ狀語地點(diǎn)時(shí)間原因方式

指人

指物who,thatwhich,that,aswhom,that,whowhich,that,aswhose,ofwhomwhose,(prep.+)whichwhere/prep.+whichwhen/prep.+whichwhy/prep.+whichthat/prep.+which填適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞.1.Thestudents_______arevisitingthenaturalmuseumareveryinterestedinthedinosaurs.3.Doyouknowthestudentabout_____he’stalking?2.He’stheman____________youcandependon.4.Thetrain________hasjustleftisforHongKong.5.Doyouknowthestudent_________fatherisanengineer?who/thatthat/which/whomwhom

that/which

whose5.Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.6.I’llneverforgettheday_________

wefirstmetinthepark.7.Canyoutellmethereason_____youarelateforschool.wherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾人并在從句中作主語時(shí)用_______,在從句中作賓語時(shí)用____________或省略關(guān)系詞，但在介詞后只能用______關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句并修飾物時(shí)用______或______;在從句中作定語指人或物表“……的”時(shí)用______.summarywho/thatwho,whom,thatwhomwhichthatwhose關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，當(dāng)先行詞是表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因的名詞并在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，用_____,______,_______引導(dǎo)。whenwherewhy定語從句解析與突破Thisisthefactory_______Ionceworked.Thisisthefactory_________I’vevisited.Theday_________IalwaysrememberisOct.1Theday_____NanjingwasliberatedisSep.11.Thereason____hehasn’tcomeisthathehasbeenill.Don’tbelievethereason_________hegaveyou.試比較wherethat/whichthat/whichwhenwhythat/which考點(diǎn)一當(dāng)表時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因的名詞，如day,time,placefactory,reason等作先行詞，在定語從句中作___語時(shí)，用where,when和why引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作__語或___語時(shí)，用that或which.summary狀主賓鞏固練習(xí)1.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,______theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.A.while B.there C.then D.where2.Thevillagehasdevelopedalot________welearnedfarming2yearsago.A.when B.whichC.that D.where3.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.where B.that C.when D.which注意where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，先行詞既可以是明確的地點(diǎn)，也可以是“模糊化”的地點(diǎn)。引導(dǎo)這類定語從句的先行詞有point,case,situation,scene,position,activity等考點(diǎn)二Thedifferencesbetween“that”and“which”.

A.whichB.thatC.\D.allaboveE.who

1.Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleandplaces______impressedhermost.2.

Whoisthegirl_____drovethecar?

WhichistheT-shirt_____fitsmemost?

3.He’stheonlyboyinourcity____enterstheBeijingUniversity.4.Thethirdplace_____wearegoingtovisitisHangzhou.5.Thisisthebestfilm_____Ihaveeverseen.

6.All____isneededismoneyandhands.

Weheardclearlyeveryword______hesaid.summary限定性定語從句只能用that引導(dǎo)的幾種情況：1.________________________________________;2.________________________________________;3._______________________________________；4._________________________________________;5._________________________________________;6._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)先行詞前面有who，which等疑問代詞時(shí)先行詞被thevery,theonly,theright修飾時(shí)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是anying,everything,nothing,few,all,none,little,some等不定代詞時(shí)，或者被every，any，all，some，no,little,few,much等修飾時(shí)先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)先行詞前面有who，which等疑問代詞時(shí)先行詞被thevery,theonly,theright修飾時(shí)

考點(diǎn)三定語從句與別的從句或強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別1.定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別判斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)刪除法

e.g.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarthathedied?

例．---Wheredidyougettoknowher?---Itwasonthefarm_______weworked.A.thatB.thereC.Which

D.Where(注:與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)合.ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher)e.g.Youshouldleavethetoywhereyoucanfind.(地點(diǎn)狀語)Istillrememberthebusstopwhere/atwhichImetyou.（定語從句）2.定語從句與地點(diǎn)狀語從句的區(qū)別：看有無表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞，有則是定語從句。3.定語從句與結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別：看從句的連接詞是否在從句中做成分，做成分的是定語從句。e.g.Heissuchakindpersonaseverybodylikes.(定語從句)Heissuchakindpersonthateverybodylikeshim.(結(jié)果狀語從句)4.定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別：看連接詞是否在從句中做成分，做成分的是定語從句，不做成分而只是表示前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容的是同位語從句。e.g.Thenewsthathehadbeenbacksurprisedusall.(同位語從句)Hehadtosettletheproblemwhichtheyleft.(定語從句)

考點(diǎn)四介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)介詞或關(guān)系代詞的選擇1.引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，能用于介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的代詞只有which和whom。介詞的選擇a.Thefarm

on

whichIonceworkedhastakenonanewlooka.看與先行詞的搭配b.Whoisthemanwithwhomourteacheris

shakinghands?b.看與定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配c.Oursisabeautifulcountry,ofwhichwearegreatlyproud.c.看與定語從句中形容詞的搭配d.Thereareover3.000workers,eightypercentofwhomarewomen.表示“所有格”或“整體與部分關(guān)系”時(shí)，用介詞of2.當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞可以提前放在which前，也可放于原來的位置，但在含有動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放于原來的位置。e.g.Thisistheroomwhich/thatLuxunusedtolivein.=ThisistheroominwhichLuxunusedtolive.Themanwho/whom/thatItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.Thisisthepersonwho/whom/thatyouarelookingfor.

這一句中for不可提前，因?yàn)閘ookfor是短語動詞。〖lookafter,turnin〗考點(diǎn)五:as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別1.as和which都可指代主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容,在從句中作主語、賓語或表語,一般情況下互換.e.g.Helefther,as/whichwas