譯林版英語選修八新素養(yǎng)學案Unit4FilmsandfilmeventsSectionⅡWeletotheunitReading-LanguagePointsWord版含答案

SectionⅡWeletotheunit&Reading—LanguagePointsrepresentativen．代表；典型人物；代理人adj.典型的；有代表性的(教材P50)Ourgueststodayarerepresentativesfromsixofthemajorinternationalfilmfestivals.我們今天的嘉賓是來自六個主要國際電影節(jié)的代表。eq\a\vs4\al()representvt. 代表representoneselfas/tobe 佯稱自己是representsb.as 把某人描寫為①Areyouropinionsrepresentativesoftheotherstudents?你的意見是否代表其他學生的意見？②Thetigerisarepresentative(represent)ofthecatfamily.老虎是貓科動物的典型。③Theredlinesonthemaprepresent(representative)railways.這張地圖上的紅線代表鐵路。④Sherepresentshermother_as_thekindestmotherintheworld.她把她的媽媽描繪成世界上最好的母親。financevt.給……提供經(jīng)費，負擔……的經(jīng)費n．[U]財政，金融；資金(教材P50)Thatis,themaincriterionforbeingincludedisthatthefilmmustnotbefinancedbyHollywoodstudios.也就是說，影片入選的主要標準就是必須沒有受到好萊塢制片廠的資助。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)financeforsth. ……的資金(2)befinancedby 由……資助(3)financialadj. 財政的，金融的(4)financiallyadv. 經(jīng)濟上，資金上(5)financiern. 財政家，金融家①Ingeneral,womenmanagetheday－to－dayfinancesbutleavemostlonger－termdecisionstomen.通常，婦女管理日常財務，而把大多數(shù)較長期的決策交給男人。②Thebuildingprojectwill_be_financed(finance)bythegovernmentandpublicdonations.這個建筑項目將由政府以及公共捐款進行資助。③Thispanywasinseriousfinancial(finance)difficulties.這家公司陷入嚴重的財政困難。④Thefactthatcollegestudentsarefinancially(financial)dependentontheirparentsisnothingnew；norarerequestsformoremoneytobesentfromhome.大學生在經(jīng)濟上依賴父母已不是新鮮事，向家里多要錢也不稀奇。indefenceof為……辯護；防衛(wèi)(教材P50)Kathy，Idon’tliketoargue，butindefenceoftheVeniceFilmFestival，Ihavetopointoutthatwedon’tjusthaveHollywoodfilms.凱西，我不想爭論，但為了捍衛(wèi)威尼斯電影節(jié)，我必須指出我們不只有好萊塢電影。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)defencen． 防御；防衛(wèi)；答辯defenceagainst 防御……(2)defendvt. 防御，防守，保衛(wèi)；以行動、 語言或文字辯護或答辯defendthemotherland 保衛(wèi)祖國defend...against... 保護……反對……；辯解defend...from... 保護……不受(傷害)(3)defensiveadj. 防御性的，防守的，自衛(wèi)的①Theydevelopednewtypesoffightersindefenceoftheircountry.為了保衛(wèi)國家，他們研發(fā)了各種新式戰(zhàn)斗機。②Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtoariseindefence(defend)oftheirlegalrights.現(xiàn)在越來越多的婦女學會起來保護她們的合法權利。③Goddefendmefrommyfriends;frommyenemyIcandefendmyself.[諺]防友靠天，防敵靠己。④Liketheirchildren,parentsareoftendefensive(defence)abouttheirprivatelives.就像子女一樣，父母也常常很注重保護他們的私生活。regardlessof不管；不顧(側重指不計后果和代價)(經(jīng)典例句)Hewenttotherescueofadrowningchildregardlessofhispersonalsafety.他為了搶救落水兒童，把個人安危置之度外。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)regardlessofthefactthat... 不顧……的事實(2)inspiteof＝despite 盡管；不顧①(安徽卷)Youwillhurtothersifyousaywhatyouthink,regardlessofotherpeople’sfeelings.如果你想到什么就說什么，毫不考慮別人的情感，你就會傷害他人。②Theycontinuedtoworkregardlessofthefactthatitwasraining.盡管天在下雨，他們還是繼續(xù)工作。③Wearrivedatthestationontimein_spite_of/despitethestorm.盡管有暴風雨，我們依舊準時到達了火車站。aslongas只要；和……一樣長(教材P50)Wemakenorestrictionsonthekindsoffilmsweshow—aslongasafilm’squalitymeetsourstandards,weincludeit.我們對我們所展出的影片種類沒有限制——只要電影的質(zhì)量達到了我們的標準，就能參加評選。eq\a\vs4\al()asgoodas... 與……一樣好；幾乎和……一樣asfaras... 遠至；就……而言aswellas... 和……一樣好；除……之外， 既……又……assoonas... 一……就……asmany/muchas... 多達……；和……一樣多①(江蘇卷)One’slifehasvalueaslongasonebringsvaluetothelifeofothers.一個人只要給別人的生活帶來價值，他的生命就是有價值的。②As/So_long_aswedon’tloseheartandkeepontrying,wearesuretogetoverdifficulties,andachieveouraims.只要我們不失去信心，繼續(xù)努力，我們一定能克服困難，實現(xiàn)目標。aslongas還可以表示“和……一樣長”，可以指時間、長度。[巧學活用]——選詞填空(aslongas/aswellas/asfaras/asgoodas)(1)Myparentsdon’tcarewhatjobIdoas_long_asI’mhappy.(2)IfhefindsoutthatIamlying,Iamas_good_asdead.(3)(江西卷)Neverbeforehassheseenanybodywhocanplaytennisas_well_asRobert.(4)As_far_asIamconcerned,Iamstronglyagainsttheplan.exposevt.使接觸，使體驗，使面臨；暴露，顯露，揭露(教材P50)RedfordhasactedinanddirectedmanybigHollywoodfilms，butwantedtoexposethepublictofilmsmadeoutsideoftheHollywoodsystemthatordinarypeoplemighthavenoaccesstootherwise.雷德福曾出演并執(zhí)導過許多好萊塢大片，但是他希望讓大眾接觸好萊塢之外的影片，否則一般人可能無從看到這些影片。eq\a\vs4\al()expose...to... 使……暴露在……下， 使……面臨/遭受……beexposedto... 暴露，面臨，經(jīng)受①Awisemotherneverexposesherchildrentotheslightestpossibilityofdanger.明智的母親決不會讓她的孩子置身于一丁點兒危險之中。②Don’texposeyourskintothesunforalongtime.別讓皮膚長時間暴露在陽光下。③Somepeopledon’tthinkweshouldexposethechildrentoplaying(play)putergames.一些人認為我們不應該讓孩子們接觸電腦游戲。expose...to...和beexposedto中的to是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。[巧學活用]——句式升級Beingexposedtothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.(1)用v.-ing的主動形式作主語改寫句子：Exposing_yourself_tothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.(2)用if省略句改寫句子：If_exposed_to_thesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskininjured.contradictvt.&vi.反駁，駁斥；與……相矛盾，與……抵觸，相反(教材P51)Ihatetocontradictyou，butinrecentyears，theCannesFilmFestivalhasshownspecialfavourtoAmericanfilms.我不想反對你，但是近幾年，戛納電影節(jié)對美國電影情有獨鐘。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)contradictionn． 矛盾，不一致incontradictionto 和……相矛盾(2)contradictoryadj. 相互矛盾的，對立的，不一致的①Thereportcontradictswhatweheardyesterday.這個報告與我們昨天聽到的有矛盾。②Thereseemstobeacontradiction(contradict)betweenherwordandaction.她的言行似乎不一致。③Peoplefoundthissortofcontradictory(contradict)realityhardtoaccept.人們都覺得這矛盾的現(xiàn)實難以接受。resemblevt.看起來像，類似(教材P51)Somepeopleremarkthatithastakenastepbackwards，andisbeginningtoresembletheAcademyAwardsinHollywoodtoomuch.一些人評論說它在退步，而且開始太多地模仿好萊塢的奧斯卡金像獎。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)resemblesb./sth.(in)... (在……方面)與某人/某物相似(2)resemblancen． 相似beararesemblanceto(＝besimilarto...) 與……相似①Youresembleyourmotherveryclosely.你非常像你的母親。②Sheresembleshersister_in_appearancebutnotincharacter.她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。③Allhappyfamiliesresemble_one_another;_eachunhappyfamilyisunhappyinitsownway.(LevTolstoy)所有幸福的家庭彼此都很相似，而每個不幸的家庭卻各有自己的不幸。(列夫·托爾斯泰)overlookvt.忽略，未注意到；不予理會；俯視；不計較，寬恕n.忽視；遠眺(教材P51)Atourfestival,Hollywoodfilmsareintheminority,whilefilmsthatarelikelytobeoverlookedatotherfestivals,forexampleatCannes,havearealchanceofbeingchampions.在我們的電影節(jié)上，好萊塢影片只占少數(shù)，而在其他電影節(jié)(例如戛納電影節(jié))上可能被忽視的影片則有真正奪魁的機會。①FrommystudywindowIcanoverlookthebay.從我書房的窗口，我可以俯瞰海灣。②She’sbeenoverlooked(overlook)forpromotionseveraltimes.幾次升職都沒有考慮她。③Myhousehasaniceoverlookinthehillsbehindit.我的房子從屋后的山頂上俯瞰起來很漂亮。payattentionto注意(教材P51)Eachyear,famousactors，actressesanddirectorsetoToronto,andtheentirefilmworldpaysattentiontowhowins.每年，著名的演員和導演都會來到多倫多，整個電影世界都會注意誰獲獎。eq\a\vs4\al()catchsomeone’sattention 引起某人注意callsomeone’sattentionto 促使某人注意bringsomethingtosomeone’sattention 使某人注意某事devoteone’sattentionto 重視，注意①Pleasepayattentiontothedifferencebetweenthetwowords.請注意這兩個詞之間的區(qū)別。②YouspeakEnglishwell,butmoreattentionshouldbe_paid(pay)toyourwrittenEnglish.你英語講得很好，但應多加注意你的書寫。③Hecalledtheirattentiontothefactthatmanystudentsareaddictedtoputergames.他提醒他們注意許多學生迷戀電子游戲這一事實。(教材P51)Nowadays,ifafilmwinsanawardatSundance,thereisagoodchanceitwillbeefamous!現(xiàn)在，如果一部電影在圣丹斯節(jié)上獲獎，那么它就很有可能出名！eq\a\vs4\al()if引導條件狀語從句；thereisagoodchance(that)...為固定句式。Thereisachancethat...“有……的可能性”或“某事可能發(fā)生”。chance意為“可能性”，that引導同位語從句。(1)同義句式有：Thereisachanceofdoingsth.(2)chance作“機會”講時，常見句式有：haveachanceofdoingsth.；chancetodosth.；chanceforsb.todosth.(3)Thereisa/nopossibilityofsth./doingsth.Thereisa/nopossibilitythat...有/沒有……的可能①IfthereisachancethatIcangotothecountryside,wherethereisbeautifulscenery,Iwillneverhesitatetopackmybagsandleavefortheland.如果我有機會去美麗的鄉(xiāng)村，我會毫不猶豫地打包好行李去那里。②IthinkSouJavaistakingarisk,butthereis_a_possibilityofsuccess.我認為SouJava會有一定的風險，但也有成功的機會。③There_isnochancethathewillchangehismind.他不可能改變主意。(教材P51)ManyofthemareAmerican，butwerejecttheideathatwehavelostouredgeasthebestinternationalfilmfestivalintheworld.其中許多都是美國影片，但我們不接受這種觀點——我們已經(jīng)喪失了我們作為最佳國際電影節(jié)的優(yōu)勢。eq\a\vs4\al()本句是由that引導的同位語從句。連詞that引導同位語從句的時候，應該是在某些抽象名詞之后如：hope,fact,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,possibility等。①Theprimeministerrejectedthesuggestionthatitwastimeforhimtoresign.首相拒絕了已到了該是他辭職的時候的建議。②Hisaccentbetrayedthefactthathewasforeign.他的口音顯露出他是外國人。③Ihavenodoubtthatyouwillsucceedinyourscientificresearch.你在科研方面會取得成功。對此我堅信不疑。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填詞1．Ifyouareunabletoattendthemeeting,pleasesendanofficebearerfromyourmitteeasthe____________(代表)．答案：representative2．Isthereanymanunwillingtofightin____________(保衛(wèi))ofhiscountry?答案：defence3．Her____________(喜愛)infoodsisomelets.答案：preference4．Shewasnotbeautiful；shedidnot____________(相像)hermother.答案：resemble5．Thereporterwaskilledbecausehetriedto____________(揭露)aplot.答案：expose6．Thespeakerhadgotconfused,andstarted____________(與……矛盾)himself.答案：contradicting7．Heisawell-knownexpertin____________(金融)．答案：finance8．Hesmiledfrostilyand____________(故意)turnedaway.答案：deliberately9．____________(不顧)ofdanger,heclimbedthetower.答案：Regardless10．Theswimmingclubisopentofamiliesintheneighborhoodwithout____________(限制)．答案：restrictioneq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)選詞填空beexposedto；regardlessof；indefenceof；aslongas；inpreferenceto；standfor1．Icanworkwithanyone________________they’rehonest.答案：aslongas2．TheOlympicrings________________thefivepartsoftheworld.答案：standfor3．Myskinistooweakto________________thesummersun.答案：beexposedto4．Manyheroicmenandwomenhavedied________________liberty.答案：indefenceof5．Peopleshouldbehired________________raceandsex.答案：regardlessof6．Ishouldchoosethis________________anyother.答案：inpreferencetoeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)單句改錯1．Theywereworriedoverthefactyouweresick.____________________答案：fact后加that2．Thesuggestionthatthenewrulecouldbeadoptedcamefromthechairman.____________________答案：could→should或去掉could3．Atthenexttablewereaprettygirlwaitingforsomeone.____________________答案：were→was4．Thereisachancewhatyoucangetthevisa.____________________答案：what→that5．ThereisnopossibilityofthechairmanretirebeforenextChristmas.____________________答案：retire→retiringeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅳ)完成句子eq\a\vs4\al(1.)躺在地上的是個男孩。____________ontheground________________．答案：Lying；isayoungboyeq\a\vs4\al(2.)大門兩旁有兩個石獅子。________________________aretwostonelions.答案：Sittingonbothsidesofthegateeq\a\vs4\al(3.)家長們將有機會參觀。__________________forparents____________theschool.答案：There’sachance；tovisiteq\a\vs4\al(4.)他建議我們坐火車去。Hemadethesuggestion__________________．答案：thatwegobytrain5．我得出結論這樣做是不明智的。I’veetotheconclusion________________________．答案：thatitwasunwisetodothateq\a\vs4\al(Ⅴ)課文語法填空The1.____________(represent)fromsixofthemajorinternationalfilmfestivalsattenda2.____________(week)programme，MovieMagic.Thesespokeswomenandspokesmentellusaboutthefilmfestivalstheyrepresent.VeniceFilmFestivalisthe3.____________(old)anditispartofalargerfestivalapplaudingcontemporaryart.TheSundanceFilmFestivalonlyincludessmall，4.____________(independence)filmsand5.____________boycottsallHollywoodfilms.Films6.____________(show)atCannesareoftenmadewithlargebudgetsandhavewell－knownactorsanddirectors.SincetheBerlinInternationalFilmFestivalbeganin1951，awards7.____________(give)tofilmsfromallaroundtheglobe.TheTorontoInternationalFilmFestivalis8.____________secondlargestfestivalintheworld—onlyCannesis9.____________(big).10.____________theShanghaiInternationalFilmFestivalwasfoundedin1993，thefestivalhasagoodreputationworldwide.答案：1.representatives2.weekly3.oldest4.independent5.it6.shown7.havebeengiven8.the9.bigger10．Although/ThoughA卷eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Thenews____________hishealthisfailingmadeussad.答案：that2．Ourhotelwasonthehillside____________(overlook)thelake.答案：overlooking3．PoorJohnwas____________(expose)tothewindandrain.答案：exposed4．Ifindno____________(contradict)betweenhispubliclyexpressedopinionsandhisprivateactions.答案：contradiction5．Thetwoboysresembleeachother____________appearance.答案：in6．Theydecidedtofightin____________(defend)oftheircountry.答案：defence7．Ihadnothingtosay____________(regard)thismatter.答案：regarding8．Thereisachance_____________Dr.LiwillbeabletobebackforMayDay.答案：that9．Besuretopayattentionto____________(protect)theenvironmentandthinkofotherswhiletraveling.答案：protecting10．Theyarguethat，ontheonehand,astrongpersoncandoalmostanythingaslong____________he/shetrieshard.答案：aseq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解Whileencouragingchildrentodosomethingwithrewardsofmoney,toysorevenaspecialactivitycanbeveryeffective,someexpertsbelievethispreventsyoungstersfromdevelopingtheirownsenseofresponsibility.AlfieKohn,authorofPunishedbyRewards,believesthatgivingrewards—evennonmaterialones—onlyservestocontrolyoungsters.Butnotallexpertsagree.AccordingtoDr.VirginiaShiller,apsychologistandinstructorattheYaleChildStudyCenterandco-authorofthebookRewardsforKids,rewardscanhelpparentsteachtheirchildrennewhabits.Shillersaysthekeyisinhowtherewardsaregiven.“Iwasinspiredtowritethisbookbymyownparentingexperience,andI’mhappytosaymysons—nowintheirlate20s—areveryresponsiblepeople，”saysShiller.Whetherornottoofferrewardsisapersonaldecision.Herearesometipstohelpyourfamily.Makerewardsfairlyimmediate.Youngerkidsmayneedmoreimmediategoals,whileolderkidscanunderstandworkingtowardlonger-termrewards.Rewardscanbesmall,andtheydon’tneedtobemoneyoratoy.Evenatriptothelibraryorparkcanbeatreat.Setrealistic,specificgoals.Don’ttrytoconverttoomanythingsatonce.Ifyoutrytoworkongettingtoschoolontime,beingnicetosiblings(兄弟姐妹)andcleaninguptoysallatonce,that’stoomuch.It’sbettertotargetjustoneortwoactionsinaparticulartime.Makesurethere’snotahiddenproblem.Forexample,ifyourchildrefusestogotoschool,youmaywanttolookintowhetherthereisanunknownproblem,suchasbullying(欺凌)oralearningproblem.Rethinkyourrequests.Arethetasksyou’reaskingofyourchildage-appropriate(合適的)andbeneficial？Iftheyare,spendtimeexplainingthevalueofthoseactions.【解題導語】父母應該給孩子獎勵來鼓勵他們嗎？給孩子獎勵時應該注意什么呢？1．WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldDr.VirginiaShilleragreeto?A．Shefailedtoraisehersonstoberesponsiblemen.B．Childrenshouldbegivenonlynonmaterialrewards.C．Childrencanbenefitiftheyareproperlyrewarded.D．Rewardspreventchildrenfrombeingresponsible.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“rewardscanhelpparentsteachtheirchildrennewhabits.Shillersaysthekeyisinhowtherewardsaregiven.”可知應選C項。2．Whentryingtoencourageyoungerkidstodosomething,parentsshouldavoid________．A．promisingasmallrewardB．promisingalong-termrewardC．promisinganonmaterialrewardD．makingrewardsfairlyimmediateB解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Makerewardsfairlyimmediate...longer-termrewards.”可知應該避免給年紀小的孩子允諾長遠的獎勵。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“convert”inParagraph5mean?A．Replace. B．Discover.C．Exchange. D．Change.D解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“Ifyoutrytoworkon...that’stoomuch.”并結合選項可知這里是指不要試圖一次“改變”很多事情。4．WhichofthefollowingtipsisNOTgiveninthepassage?A．Thinkingabouthiddenproblems.B．Helpingchildrenreachtheirgoals.C．Beingrealisticwhenmakinggoals.D．Thinkingiftherequestsmakesense.B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，可知A、C、D三項的內(nèi)容都有提到，但并沒有說要幫助小孩完成目標。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完形填空WhenIenteredtheLatinclassasahighschoolfreshman,Ihadnoideathattheteacherwouldbeoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleinmylife.MissSiegesmund1outasagracefullady,dressed2inacolorfulsuit.Herdarkbrownhairshonelikegold,andshewaselegant.“3arenotsupposedtobeattractive，”Ithoughttomyself.However,sheprovedtohaveawinningpersonalityto4herlooks.Atfirst,IwassoshythatIoftencrossedthestreetto5talkingtoclassmatesandremained6aroundothers.Mymotherdidnotbelieveinpraiseasitwould7toomuchprideinmyself.Thisstrange8hadanegativeinfluenceonmychildhood.I9inmyLatinclassasMissSiegesmundbelievedinme.Shelistenedto10Isaid.HerLatinclasswasfunandstoriesfromRomanhistoryseemedtoe11．Shetaughtgoodstudyhabits,andIreceivedanAineveryclass.I12participatedinaspeechcontestbeforetheentirestudentbody.Canyouimaginethe13Ihadmadetoarriveatthatpoint？I14thirdinthecontest.MissSiegesmundsaid，“Youshouldhavewon.Youwere15！”Ithoughttomyself，“Shehasso16faithinme.”Soon,myhighschooldayshitaneven17peak.Ithinkofmyselfasalittledovewitha18wing.Myteacherbecamemy19onearth.Shemendedmywingand20metofly.Ishallneverforgetherforsheisoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleinmylife.【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文。在高一時教我們拉丁語的西基斯蒙德小姐成了對我最富影響力的人之一。通過對我的鼓勵，她把我從一個羞澀的小女孩變成了一個積極向上的、自信的人。她是我的天使，她修復我的翅膀，使我展翅飛翔。1．A．sang B．spokeC．stood D．pickedC解析：西基斯蒙德小姐是一位引人注目的優(yōu)雅的女士。standout“引人注目，脫穎而出”；pickout“分辨出”。2．A．fashionably B．fortunatelyC．casually D．particularlyA解析：由下文colorful可知，此處用fashionably“打扮得時髦”。fortunately“幸運地”；casually“隨意地”；particularly“特別地”。3．A．Students B．TeachersC．Classmates D．FreshmenB解析：句意：教師不應該太引人注目。從上下文可知作者在談論西基斯蒙德小姐，因此，此處選Teachers。4．A．match B．a(chǎn)djustC．change D．ruinA解析：句意：但是，她證明了她的迷人的個性與她的相貌相匹配。match“與……相匹配”。adjust“適應，調(diào)整”；change“改變”；ruin“破壞，毀滅”。5．A．keep B．practiceC．enjoy D．a(chǎn)voidD解析：句意：開始，我非常害羞，經(jīng)常穿過馬路避免和同學們說話，而且在其他人周圍感到尷尬。keep“保持，保留”；practice“練習，實踐”；enjoy“欣賞，喜歡”；avoid“避開，避免”。6．A．disappointed B．embarrassedC．delighted D．a(chǎn)stonishedB解析：句意：……在其他人周圍感到尷尬。disappointed“失望的，沮喪的”；embarrassed“尷尬的”；delighted“高興的，快樂的”；astonished“驚訝的”。7．A．resultin B．makeupC．gowith D．takeoutA解析：句意：我媽媽不相信表揚的作用，因為表揚會使人驕傲。resultin“導致，結果是”；makeup“彌補，和解，編造”；gowith“伴隨”；takeout“切除，發(fā)出”。8．A．excuse B．causeC．case D．beliefD解析：句意：這種奇怪的信念對我的童年產(chǎn)生了消極的影響。excuse“理由，辯解，借口”；cause“原因，理由”；case“情況”；belief“信念，信仰”。9．A．changed B．sufferedC．relieved D．a(chǎn)dmittedA解析：句意：我在我的拉丁課上發(fā)生了變化，因為西基斯蒙德小姐信賴我。change“改變，變化”；suffer“遭受，忍受”；relieve“減輕，解除”；admit“允許進入，承認”。10．A．however B．whateverC．whenever D．whicheverB解析：句意：無論我說什么她都傾聽。said為及物動詞，空白處需要代詞作賓語。whatever“無論什么”；whichever“無論哪一個”。11．A．simple B．trueC．a(chǎn)live D．livelyC解析：句意：她的拉丁課很有趣，出自羅馬歷史的故事變得鮮活。ealive“變得生動起來”。12．A．hardly B．everC．even D．neverC解析：句意：我甚至在全校學生面前參加了演講比賽。even“甚至”。13．A．progress B．fortuneC．promise D．decisionA解析：句意：你能想象得到我在那方面所取得的進步嗎？progress“進步，進展”；fortune“財富，運氣”；promise“諾言，約定，允諾”；decision“決定”。14．A．spoke B．placedC．believed D．foundB解析：句意：在比賽中我獲得了第三名。place“排名次”，placethird“排名第三”。15．A．realistic B．flexibleC．reliable D．fantasticD解析：句意：你本應該獲勝。你棒極了。realistic“現(xiàn)實的”；flexible“靈活的，可變通的”；reliable“可靠的，可信賴的”；fantastic“極好的”。16．A．few B．muchC．little D．manyB解析：句意：她是那么信任我。havemuchfaithinme“對我很信任”。17．A．wider B．deeperC．higher D．largerC解析：句意：不久，我的高中時代再攀新高峰。anevenhigherpeak“一個更高的頂峰”。18．A．broken B．lostC．fallen D．ruinedA解析：句意：我把自己當做折翅的雛鴿。broken“弄壞的”；lost“迷路的，丟失的”；fallen“落下的”；ruined“毀壞的，破壞的”。19．A．mother B．modelC．a(chǎn)im D．a(chǎn)ngelD解析：句意：我的老師成了我人世間的天使。angel“天使”。20．A．a(chǎn)pplied B．droveC．a(chǎn)llowed D．informedB解析：句意：她修復了我的翅膀并驅(qū)使我飛翔。apply“應用”；drive“推動，驅(qū)使”；allow“允許，給予”；inform“通知，通告”。B卷eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解AFoodblogs,celebrities,andnutritionistsalladvocatethebenefitsofeatingorganic(有機的)fruitsandvegetables.ButanewstudypublishedinScienceAdvancespaintsamoreplexpicture.Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides．Organicfruitsandvegetablestypicallycostmorethanconventionalones.Togetacertificateasorganic,farmersmustmeetspecificcriteria,includinggrowingproducewithouttheuseofgeneticengineeringandchemicalinputs.Withoutthesemethods,thegrowingprocesstypicallyrequiresmorelabor,time,andmoney,acostthatispasseddowntoconsumers.It’struethatinmanyways,organicfarmingismoresustainablethanconventionalfarming.Butwhenitestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasoutputandwaterloss,theparisongetsplex.Organicfarmsproducelessgreenhousegasoutputperacre.However,becausetheyarebarredfromusinggeneticengineering,pesticides(殺蟲劑),andothermethodsthatincreaseefficiency(效率),organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated19%to25%lessyieldthanconventionalfarms.Whilethereisn’tawholelotofresearchonthetopic,thefewstudiesthatdoexistsuggestgreenhousegasoutputandwaterlossmightactuallybehigheronorganicfarms,onaperunitbasis,saysstudyauthorVerenaSeufert.Inaddition,whileorganicproduceislikelymorenutritiousthanconventionalfruitsandvegetables,there’snotalotofevidencetosupporttheclaimthattheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluenceconsumerhealth.Thesameistrueforthepesticideremainder.Indevelopedcountries,wherepesticideuseistightlyregulated,there’snoscientificconsensusonhowtheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluencehumanhealth.Still,Seufertstressesthatifyoucanaffordtoeatorganicproduce,youshoulddoso.Organicfarmsprovidesaferworkenvironmentsforworkers,plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity.Therealtakeawayfromherstudyisnotthatorganicproduceisbadbutthatthepracticeneedsmorestudiestoincreasetheyieldwithoutloweringsustainability.Butifyoucan’taffordtobuyorganicproduce,don’tstresstoomuch,particularlyfromanutritionalperspective.【解題導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要介紹了有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的一些情況。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downsides”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Dangers. B．Drawbacks.C．Benefits. D．Differences.B解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides．”可知，雖然有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品可能稍微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺點。再結合語境和下文陳述的有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的缺點可以判斷，畫線詞應指有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品不好的一面，B項意為“缺點”，故B項正確。2．Whichkeyfactormakesithardtopareorganicfarmingwithconventionalfarmingwhenitestoenvironmentalconcerns?A．Theyield. B．Theprice.C．Thewaterloss. D．Thelabor.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Butwhenitestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasoutputandwaterloss,theparisongetsplex.”可知，當涉及諸如溫室氣體排放和水資源損失等環(huán)境問題時，比較傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)和有機農(nóng)業(yè)就困難了；且根據(jù)第三段其他內(nèi)容可知，雖然有機農(nóng)業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)相比更可持續(xù)，但因為不能使用基因工程技術、殺蟲劑及其他提高效率的方法，有機農(nóng)業(yè)的產(chǎn)量相對低，故產(chǎn)量是使得兩者之間的比較變得困難的重要因素。A項意為“產(chǎn)量”，故A項正確。3．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Farmers’workenvironmentshouldbeimproved.B．Organicproduceshouldbemademoreefficiently.C．Itisn’twiseforconsumerstobuyorganicproducts.D．Thepesticideremainderdonoharmtopeople’shealth.B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句可知，由于禁止使用基因工程技術和殺蟲劑等，有機農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量估計會比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量低19%至25%。據(jù)此可以判斷，應當提高有機農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率，故B項正確。第五段的最后一句亦是提示。4．Intheauthor’sopinion,whyshouldwesupportorganicproduce?A．It’senvironmentallyfriendly.B．It’smorenutritious.C．Ithelpskeepthevarietyofplants.D．It’ssaferforconsumers.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Organicfarmsprovidesaferworkenvironmentsforworkers,plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity.”可知，有機農(nóng)場為工人提供更安全的工作環(huán)境，而且有機農(nóng)場有助于保持生物多樣性。據(jù)此可以判斷，我們應當提倡有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的原因之一是能保持生物的多樣性，故C項正確。BAgroupofforeignresidentsmarriedtoJapanesetalkedabouttheirchildren’snames.NicoleDespresStudentsservicesmanager,40(American)WehavenointentiontoliveoutsideJapansoitmadesenseforthekidstotakemyJapanesehusband’sfamilyname.However,wedidwanttohaveaWesternnametoo,soallthreeofthemnowhavebothaWesternandJapanesename.Weagreedtherewouldbenostrangenames,spellingorunusualkanji(ChinesecharactersintheJapaneselanguage).AllnameshadtobeeasytosayandfamiliarinbothJapaneseandEnglish.JohnMcCrackenpanygeneralmanager,27(American)Myson’snameisAiden.InpartbecausemywifeandImetinuniversityandasshewasstudyingIrishhistoryandIhavesomelinkstoScotlandandIreland,IwantedauniqueGaelic(蓋爾族的)name.WesettledforAidenaswefoundkanjithatcanbeusedinJapanthatmeans“l(fā)egendaryhero”.PaulaMurakamiCollegewomen’sAssociationofJapan,53(American)Myhusbandwasveryexcitedaboutchoosingnames,soIdecidedtolethimchoose.HewantedtheirfirstnamestobeJapaneseandcampupwithnamesthatincludedthekanjicharacterinhisownname.Ourboys,HirokiandKenta,neverhadanyproblemswhilelivingontheU．S.WestCoastwithJapanesenames,andIthinkbothaschildrenandasadults,theylovetheirnames.JeffRuizRecordingengineer,42(Mexican)Myson’snameisLenny.Mywifechoseittogetherwithmeaswewerelookingforanamethatworksinbothworlds—mineinMexico,andhersinJapan—andthenameLennyismoneverywhere.InJapanesewewritethenameinkatakanaasthatiseasyforJapanesepeoplewhoseemtolikenamesintwoorthreecharacters.【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了和日本人結婚的外國居民告訴我們他們都是怎么給孩子起名字的。5.Whatdoweknowaboutthepeoplementionedinthepassage?A．Nicoleandherhusbandhadanagreementonhowtonamethechildren.B．JeffwillremaininJapanashiswifeisnotusedtoMexicanlife.C．ThefourcoupleshavedecidedtolivewiththechildreninJapanforever.D．PaulaandherfamilywouldlovetoliveontheU．S.WestCoast.A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NicoleDespres部分：WehavenointentiontoliveoutsideJapansoitmadesenseforthekidstotakemyJapanesehusband’sfamilyname.However,wedidwanttohaveaWesternnametoo,soallthreeofthemnowhavebothaWesternandJapanesename.Weagreedtherewouldbe...可以得知，主語都是“we”說明夫妻倆就取名字這件事情持有一致的看法，答案選A。6．Whichofthefollowingdoestheunderlinedword“katakana”mean?A．AJapanesesystemofgrammar.B．AwayofwritingnamesinJapaneselanguage.C．AJapanesewordwhichmeans“name”．D．AnamepopularwithJapanesepeople.B解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)JeffRuiz部分：InJapanesewewritethenameinkatakanaasthatiseasyforJapanesepeoplewhoseemtolikenamesintwoorthreecharacters.可知katakana是用日文寫名字的一種方式，故答案為B。7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．NicoleandherJapanesehusbandhaveadaughterandtwosons.B．Paulahaslittlesayinmakingadecisionathome.C．John’swifeisIrishandthecouplehaveonlyonechild.D．LennyisanamefamiliartoJapanesewhenwrittenintheJapaneseway.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)JeffRuiz部分：...andthenameLennyismoneverywhere.InJapanesewewritethenameinkatakanaasthatiseasyforJapanesepeoplewhoseemtolikenamesintwoorthreecharacters.可知，JeffRuiz和妻子選擇了“thenameLennyismoneverywhere”一個世界各地都普遍使用的名字，那么寫成日語后按理也應該是一個很普遍常用的名字，故答案為D。8．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．IsaWesternNameBetterthanaJapaneseName?B．WhydoesYourChildHaveTwoNames?C．HowdoYouChooseYourChild’sName?D．CanYouSettleDifferencesinNamingYourChild?C解析：標題歸納題。