山東省濟(jì)南市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟(jì)南市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題本試卷分為第I卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，共150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第I卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面五段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whohadatrafficaccidentlastnight?A.Tom.B.Mike.C.David.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemanupstairs?A.Kind.B.Annoying.C.Hard-working.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thekitchenistooold.B.Thekitchenneedsrepairing.C.Thekitchenisingoodcondition.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.HelpMaryfinishherreport.B.Chatwithhisroommates.C.MakeacalltoBob.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Preparationsforaparty.B.Aninvitationtoaparty.C.Ashoppinglist.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面五段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話和獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你都有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Onwhichdaywillthewomangototheconcert?A.April10th.B.April12th.C.April15th.7.Howmuchshouldthewomanpayinall?A.$50.B.$150.C.$200.聽第7段材料，回答第8至第10題。8.Howistheweathertoday?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.9.Whatwillthemantake?A.Araincoat.B.AnotherT-shirt.C.Anotherpairofshoes.10.Wherearemostprobablythespeakers?A.Atastore.B.Atahotel.C.Athome.聽第8段材料，回答第11至第13題。11.Whatdidthemanjustdo?A.Hekickedarubbishbin.B.Heboughtsomebottledwater.C.Hethrewawayaplasticbottle.12.Whatdoesthewomanusuallydotoprotecttheearth?A.Reusetheoldthings.B.Collectplasticbottles.C.Sortouttherubbish.13.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Cousins.B.Workmates.C.Friends.聽第9段材料，回答第14至第16題。14.WhyisthewomangoingtoLondon?A.Toorganizeanactivity.B.Todosightseeing.C.Towatchashow.15.WhowillmeetthewomanattheairportinLondon?A.Afriendofhers.B.Afellowworker.C.Ahotelclerk.16.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Adoctor.B.Ateacher.C.Anactor.聽第10段材料，回答第17至第20題。17.Wheredoesthespeakerprobablywork?A.Atauniversity.B.Atapark.C.Inaclub.18.HowdointernationalstudentsfindtheLakesideCampus?A.Interesting.B.Iconic.C.Inspiring.19.Whatissuggestedbythespeaker?A.Enjoyingthelocalculture.B.Makingmorefriends.C.Meetingthescholars.20.Whoisthespeechintendedfor?A.Freshmen.B.Graduates.C.Parents.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADoesyourchildlovehigh-tech,writingorspecialtyarts?Attendingasummercampwiththisfocusisaperfectwayforthemtoexploreandtoexperience.Lookthroughourselectionandfindtheperfectfitforyourchild.IDTechSummerCampsWe’retrustedandhostedbytheworld’stoplearningorganizations.Therightinstructorchangeseverything.Withpersonalizedlearning,yourchildwillprogressattheirownpace.YourchildcanleveluptoGrade10,standingouttocollegesandfutureworkers.Wecan’twaittowelcomeyourchildtoourcommunityof500,000+students.SummerAcademicYouthProgramsSummeristheperfecttimeforpre-collegestudentstoexploretheircareerinterests.Ourprogramsprovideopportunitiesforstudentstoexperiencecollegelifewhileexpandingtheirknowledgeandexploringtheirinterests.Therearemanyopportunitiesincludingovernightcampsandclasscreditopportunities.IndependentLakeCampItisanovernightsummercampofferingimpressiveactivitiesduetoourqualityfacilities(設(shè)備),andtalentedstaff.Startedasanon-traditionalsummercamp,wefocusonpromotingcreativitywithineachcamperandthecommunityanddevelopingindividualgrowthwithourpersonalizedscheduling—eachcamperchoosestheirownactivities.VirtualLiveCreativeWritingCampCreativewritingistaughtliveonlinebyexperiencedteachers.Greatforages7+anddividedintoage-basedgroups,thiscamphasalimitedclasssizesostudentscanlearnfunnewskills.Videoswillbemadeavailabletoallcreativewritingcampers.Sowithseveralcampstoattend,yourchildwillnevermissabeat!1.WhowillbeinterestedinSummerAcademicYouthPrograms?A.Graduateslookingforjobs. B.Studentstolevelupcredits.C.Learnerstohaveacademiccourses. D.Highschoolersexpectingcollegelife.2.WhatdoIDTechSummerCampsandIndependentLakeCamphaveincommon?A.Theymakearrangementsforwork. B.Theyincludeovernightactivities.C.Theyofferpersonalizedlearning. D.Theyimprovepersonalcreativity.3.Whichcampbestsuitschildrenwithbusysummerschedules?A.IDTechSummerCamp. B.IndependentLakeCamp.C.VirtualLiveCreativeWritingCamp. D.SummerAcademicYouthPrograms.〖答案〗1.D2.C3.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四種關(guān)于高科技、寫作或?qū)I(yè)藝術(shù)的探索和體驗(yàn)的夏令營(yíng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SummerAcademicYouthPrograms下的介紹“Summeristheperfecttimeforpre-collegestudentstoexploretheircareerinterests.Ourprogramsprovideopportunitiesforstudentstoexperiencecollegelifewhileexpandingtheirknowledgeandexploringtheirinterests.(夏天是大學(xué)預(yù)科學(xué)生探索自己職業(yè)興趣的最佳時(shí)間。我們的課程為學(xué)生提供了體驗(yàn)大學(xué)生活的機(jī)會(huì)，同時(shí)擴(kuò)展他們的知識(shí)和探索他們的興趣)”可知，期待大學(xué)生活的高中生會(huì)對(duì)SummerAcademicYouthPrograms感興趣。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)IDTechSummerCamps的介紹“Withpersonalizedlearning,yourchildwillprogressattheirownpace.YourchildcanleveluptoGrade10,standingouttocollegesandfutureworkers.(通過個(gè)性化的學(xué)習(xí)，你的孩子會(huì)按照自己的節(jié)奏進(jìn)步。你的孩子可以升到10年級(jí)，在大學(xué)和未來的工作者中脫穎而出)”以及IndependentLakeCamp下的描述“wefocusonpromotingcreativitywithineachcamperandthecommunityanddevelopingindividualgrowthwithourpersonalizedscheduling—eachcamperchoosestheirownactivities.(我們專注于促進(jìn)每個(gè)露營(yíng)者和社區(qū)的創(chuàng)造力，并通過我們的個(gè)性化日程表發(fā)展個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)——每個(gè)露營(yíng)者選擇自己的活動(dòng))”可知，兩者的共同之處是他們提供個(gè)性化的學(xué)習(xí)。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)VirtualLiveCreativeWritingCamp下面的介紹“Videoswillbemadeavailabletoallcreativewritingcampers.Sowithseveralcampstoattend,yourchildwillnevermissabeat!(視頻將提供給所有創(chuàng)意寫作營(yíng)員。所以，有幾個(gè)營(yíng)地參加，你的孩子不會(huì)錯(cuò)過任何一個(gè)節(jié)拍！)”可知，VirtualLiveCreativeWritingCamp最適合暑期安排繁忙的孩子。故選C。BChristineRowseydidn’tknowhowshewouldgoon.Thelastthreeyearshadbeenhard,butshestillfeltthatshewasmakingprogresstowardhergoalofbecominganurse.“Ididn’thaveanymoney.Ididn’thaveanything—justadream,”sherecalled.Thatdreamcameoutofthelossofherson,whowasborn3weeksinadvance.Unfortunately,afterawholemonthintheintensivecareunit,theboylefther.Christine’smainsourceofsupportduringthatordealhadbeenthehospital’snursingstaff.“Ireallylovedthewaytheyhelpedme,”shesaid.That’swhenChristinehadarealization:Shewantedtodosomethingwithherlifethatmattered.Christinebecamedeterminedtobecomeanurseandhelppeoplethewayshehadbeenhelped.ShewasabletolearninOaklandUniversity’sone-yearlicensedpracticalnursing(LPN)program.Shetookoutloans(貸款)andworriedabouthowshewouldrepaythem.Shebecamethestarstudentbutstruggledtotakecareofherfamilyandstudyatthesametime.Withscholarships,shewasabletocoverabouthalfofhercosts.Fortherest,shecouldn’tfindawayout.That’swhenChristinefoundoutaboutaVOAprogram,whichnotonlypaidforherstudybutofferedtocovergasandfood.“TheVOAprogramwasarealblessing,”saidChristine.“Iwouldn’thavebeenabletocontinueifVOAhadn’tbeenthereforme.”ChristinenowworksasanLPNinDetroit,whereshecaresforpatients.ThroughVOA,shegivestalkstoyoungpeopleaboutthenursingprofession.“NursingschoolwasthehardestthingI’veeverdone,andVOAhelpedmethroughit,”saidChristine.“Allthesepeoplehelpedmerewritemylife,thewayIwantedittobewritten.”4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“ordeal”inParagraph2?A.Suffering. B.Adventure. C.Operation. D.Blessing.5.WhatmadeChristinedeterminedtobeanurse?A.Thehelpofthemedicalworkers. B.Thedreaminherchildhood.C.Thelossofheroldjob. D.Thedeathofherson.6.HowdidChristinesolvehereconomicproblem?A.Bygettinganextrajobandcuttinglivingcosts.B.ByaskingforfamilysupportandworkingforVOA.C.Bystudyinghardandgettinghelpfromaprogram.D.Byapplyingforscholarshipsandborrowingmoney.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChristine?A.Warm-heartedandhumorous. B.Strong-willedandthankful.C.Well-educatedandstrict. D.Open-mindedandfearless.〖答案〗4.A5.B6.C7.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Christine得到別人幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)護(hù)士夢(mèng)想的故事?！?題詳析】詞義理解題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前一句“Unfortunately,afterawholemonthintheintensivecareunit,theboylefther.(不幸的是，在重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房住了整整一個(gè)月后，兒子離開了她。)”可知，因?yàn)閮鹤尤ナ懒?，所以這對(duì)她來說是一種折磨；由此可知，劃線單詞的意思是“折磨”。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thelastthreeyearshadbeenhard,butshestillfeltthatshewasmakingprogresstowardhergoalofbecominganurse.“Ididn’thaveanymoney.Ididn’thaveanything—justadream,”sherecalled.(過去的三年很艱難，但她仍然覺得自己在朝著成為一名護(hù)士的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。“我沒有錢。我什么都沒有——只有一個(gè)夢(mèng)，”她回憶道。)”可知，童年的夢(mèng)想使克里斯汀立志要當(dāng)一名護(hù)士。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Shebecamethestarstudentbutstruggledtotakecareofherfamilyandstudyatthesametime.Withscholarships,shewasabletocoverabouthalfofhercosts.(她成為了明星學(xué)生，但同時(shí)努力照顧家庭和學(xué)習(xí)。有了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，她可以支付大約一半的費(fèi)用。)”和“That’swhenChristinefoundoutaboutaVOAprogram,whichnotonlypaidforherstudybutofferedtocovergasandfood.(就在這時(shí)，Christine發(fā)現(xiàn)了美國(guó)之音的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不僅為她提供學(xué)習(xí)費(fèi)用，還提供汽油和食物。)”可知，通過努力學(xué)習(xí)和一個(gè)美國(guó)之音項(xiàng)目的幫助，Christine解決了她的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。故選C。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Christinebecamedeterminedtobecomeanurseandhelppeoplethewayshehadbeenhelped.(Christine決心成為一名護(hù)士，像別人幫助她那樣幫助別人。)”可知，Christine是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的人；再結(jié)合文章最后一句“Allthesepeoplehelpedmerewritemylife,thewayIwantedittobewritten.(所有這些人都幫助我按照我想要的方式改寫了我的人生。)”可知，因?yàn)檫@些人改變了她的人生，所以Christine感謝這些人；由此可知，Christine是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，對(duì)別人心存感激的人。故選B。CHeadingsoccerballsseemstotakegreaterinjuriesonwomenthanonmen,accordingtoanewstudywhichfocusedonthebrainsofsoccerplayers.Headknockscanreallyhurtthebrain.Femaleathletestendtosuffermorebraindamagethanmalesdoafterinjuries,thestudypointsout.Butuntilnow,noonehaddirectlycompareddamageinmenandwomenafterheadingballs.MichaelLipton,abrain-imagingexpertattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicineinNewYorkCity,ledtheresearch.Henoted,“It’simportanttofigureouthowmalesandfemalesmightbedifferentafterbraininjury.Hopefully,determininghowthesexesdifferafterbraindamagewillhelpchoosebettertreatmentsforeach.”Researcherschose98soccerplayersfromamateurteams.Theplayersestimatedhowoftentheyhadheadedaballinthepastyear.Theaverageheadersamongmenwere487whilewomen469.Theresearchersthenstudiedthebrainscansofeachplayerlookingforsignsofdamage.Theyusedaspecialtypeofscantohighlightchangesinthebrain’swhitematter.Whitematterismadeupoffibers(纖維),whichcarryelectricalsignalsfromnervecellsinonepartofthebraintothoseinanother.Sodamagetowhitematteraffectshowwellthebrainworks.Thescansturnedupmorewidespreadbraindamageinthefemaleplayers.Inwomen,eightregionsshowedpotentialdamagelinkedtofrequentheaders.Inmen,onlythreeregionsdid.Thebrainchangesstudiedhereweren’tbigenoughtocausebraindamage.Butrepeatedblowstothebraincancontributetomemoryloss,depressionandotherproblems.OnebiggerconcernisCTE,whichcanleadtoconfusion,troublerememberingthingsandemotionaloutbursts.Researchersdon’tknowwhywomen’sbrainsappearatgreaterrisk.Differencesintheirheadsandnecksmayplayarole.Somightgeneticsandhormones.8.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Comparisonofbraindamagebetweensexes. B.Causesofbraininjuriesamongplayers.C.Functionsofwhitematterinourbrain. D.Effectofrepeatedblowsonathletes.9.WhydidMichaelLipton’steamcarryoutthestudy?A.Tofindoutthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen. B.Tocontributetotreatmentsforbraininjury.C.Topreventsoccerplayersfromgettinghurt. D.Tomakeabreakthroughinsoccerskillstudy.10.Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A.Byinterviewingsoccerplayers. B.Bystudyingthebrainscans.C.Byusingacomputermodel. D.Byreferringtoformerstudies.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Itishardtoidentifybraindamage. B.Thestudyprovestobeatotalfailure.C.Reasonsforbraindamageremainsunclear. D.Mentalproblemscausephysicaldifferences.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.B11.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了一項(xiàng)針對(duì)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員大腦的新研究，頭球?qū)ε缘膫λ坪醣饶行愿??！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Headingsoccerballsseemstotakegreaterinjuriesonwomenthanonmen,accordingtoanewstudywhichfocusedonthebrainsofsoccerplayers.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)針對(duì)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員大腦的新研究，頭球?qū)ε缘膫λ坪醣饶行愿?”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究的重點(diǎn)是比較兩性之間的腦損傷。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Henoted,“It’simportanttofigureouthowmalesandfemalesmightbedifferentafterbraininjury.Hopefully,determininghowthesexesdifferafterbraindamagewillhelpchoosebettertreatmentsforeach.”(他指出：弄清楚男性和女性在腦損傷后可能會(huì)有什么不同是很重要的。希望，確定腦損傷后的性別差異將有助于選擇更好的治療方法)”可知，邁克爾·利普頓的團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是為了幫助治療腦損傷。故選B?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Theresearchersthenstudiedthebrainscansofeachplayerlookingforsignsofdamage.Theyusedaspecialtypeofscantohighlightchangesinthebrain’swhitematter.Whitematterismadeupoffibers(纖維),whichcarryelectricalsignalsfromnervecellsinonepartofthebraintothoseinanother.(然后，研究人員研究了每個(gè)球員的大腦掃描圖，尋找損傷的跡象。他們使用一種特殊類型的掃描來突出顯示大腦白質(zhì)的變化。白質(zhì)是由纖維組成的，它將電信號(hào)從大腦一個(gè)部位的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞傳遞到另一個(gè)部位)”可知，通過研究大腦掃描進(jìn)行研究。故選B。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Researchersdon’tknowwhywomen’sbrainsappearatgreaterrisk.Differencesintheirheadsandnecksmayplayarole.Somightgeneticsandhormones.(研究人員還不知道為什么女性的大腦風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大。頭部和頸部的差異可能是原因之一。基因和荷爾蒙也是如此)”可知，研究人員還不知道為什么女性的大腦風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大，腦損傷的原因尚不清楚。故選C。DTheSanDiegoCountyWaterAuthorityhasanunusualplantousethecity’sscenicSanVicenteReservoir(水庫(kù))tostoresolarpowersoit’savailableaftersunset.TheprojectcouldhelpunlockAmerica’scleanenergyfuture.Perhapstenyearsfromnow,ifallgoessmoothly,largeundergroundpipeswillconnectthislaketoanewreservoir,amuchsmallerone,builtinanearbyvalleyabout1100feethigher.Whenthesunishighinthesky,California’sabundantsolarpowerwillpumpwaterintothatupperreservoir.It’sawaytostoretheelectricity.Whenthesungoesdownandsolarpowerdisappears,operatorswouldopenavalve(閥門)andtheforceof8milliontonsofwater,fallingbackdownhillthroughthosesamepipes,woulddrivemachinescapableofproducing500megawattsofelectricityforuptoeighthours.That’senoughtopower130,000typicalhomes.“It’sawaterbattery!”saysNeenaKuzmich,DeputyDirectorofEngineeringforthewaterauthority.ShesaysenergystoragefacilitieslikethesewillbeincreasinglyimportantasCaliforniastartstorelymoreonenergyfromwindandsolar,whichproduceelectricityontheirownschedules,withoutconsideringthedemandsofconsumers.Californianslearnedthisduringaheatwavethispastsummer.“EverybodyinthestateofCaliforniagotatextmessageat5:30intheeveningtoturnofftheirappliances,”Kuzmichsays.Thesunwasgoingdown,solargenerationwasdisappearing,andtheremainingpowerplants,manyofthemburninggas,couldn’tkeepupwithdemand.Thereminderworked:Peoplestoppedusingsomuchpower,andthegrid(電網(wǎng))survived.Yetearlieronthatsameday,therewassomuchsolarpoweravailablethatthegridcouldn’ttakeitall.Gridoperatorsturnedawaymorethan2000megawatthoursofelectricitythatsolargeneratorscouldhavedelivered,enoughtopowerasmallcity.Thatelectricitywaswasted.Therewasnowaytostoreitforlater,whenoperatorsdesperatelyneededit.12.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph2?A.Topresenttheimportanceofareservoir. B.Torecallasituationinrecenttenyears.C.Tointroducetheusageofsolarenergy. D.Toexplainawaytostoreelectricity.13.WhatmayNeenaKuzmichagree?A.Thereservoirservestostoreenergy. B.Californiansneedlittlesolarenergy.C.Peopleusedtowastetoomuchenergy. D.Newstoragewaysareenvironmentallyfriendly.14.WhywasatextmessagesenttoeveryoneinCalifornia?A.Tostoppeopleworking. B.Towarnpeopleofdanger.C.Totellpeoplethesunsettime. D.Toremindpeopleoflackofenergy.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ScenicSanVicenteReservoir B.SanDiegoCountyEnergyPlanC.WaterBatteriestoStoreSolarPower D.MachinestoStoreWaterinCalifornia〖答案〗12.C13.A14.D15.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了圣地亞哥縣水務(wù)局有一個(gè)不同尋常的計(jì)劃，利用該市風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的圣維森特水庫(kù)儲(chǔ)存太陽能，以便在日落后使用。該項(xiàng)目可能有助于開啟美國(guó)清潔能源的未來。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whenthesungoesdownandsolarpowerdisappears,operatorswouldopenavalve(閥門)andtheforceof8milliontonsofwater,fallingbackdownhillthroughthosesamepipes,woulddrivemachinescapableofproducing500megawattsofelectricityforuptoeighthours.That’senoughtopower130,000typicalhomes.(當(dāng)太陽落山，太陽能消失時(shí)，操作人員會(huì)打開一個(gè)閥門，800萬噸水通過這些管道傾瀉下來的力量，將驅(qū)動(dòng)能夠產(chǎn)生500兆瓦電力的機(jī)器，持續(xù)8小時(shí)。這足以為13萬戶普通家庭提供電力)”可知，第二段是來介紹太陽能的用途的。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““It’sawaterbattery!”saysNeenaKuzmich,DeputyDirectorofEngineeringforthewaterauthority.ShesaysenergystoragefacilitieslikethesewillbeincreasinglyimportantasCaliforniastartstorelymoreonenergyfromwindandsolar,whichproduceelectricityontheirownschedules,withoutconsideringthedemandsofconsumers.(“這是一個(gè)水電池!”水務(wù)局工程部副主任妮娜·庫(kù)茲米奇說。她說，隨著加州開始更多地依賴風(fēng)能和太陽能，這樣的儲(chǔ)能設(shè)施將變得越來越重要。這兩種能源在不考慮消費(fèi)者需求的情況下自行發(fā)電)”可知，NeenaKuzmich認(rèn)為這個(gè)蓄水池是用來儲(chǔ)存能量的。故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thesunwasgoingdown,solargenerationwasdisappearing,andtheremainingpowerplants,manyofthemburninggas,couldn’tkeepupwithdemand.(太陽下山了，太陽能發(fā)電消失了，剩下的發(fā)電廠，其中許多是燃燒天然氣的，無法滿足需求)”可知，發(fā)給加州每個(gè)人的短信的目的是提醒人們?nèi)狈δ茉础９蔬xD。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TheSanDiegoCountyWaterAuthorityhasanunusualplantousethecity’sscenicSanVicenteReservoir(水庫(kù))tostoresolarpowersoit’savailableaftersunset.TheprojectcouldhelpunlockAmerica’scleanenergyfuture.(圣地亞哥縣水務(wù)局有一個(gè)不同尋常的計(jì)劃，利用該市風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的圣維森特水庫(kù)儲(chǔ)存太陽能，以便在日落后使用。該項(xiàng)目可能有助于開啟美國(guó)清潔能源的未來)”可知，文章主要講述的是利用圣維森特水庫(kù)儲(chǔ)存太陽能。C項(xiàng)：WaterBatteriestoStoreSolarPower(水電池儲(chǔ)存太陽能)符合文章主題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Yourteenyearsareatimetolearnaboutyourselfandstartthinkingaboutyourfuture.Doingwellinschoolandleadingahealthysocialandpersonallifewillmakeyouhappierandmorelikelytosucceed.Butdon’tgettoocarriedawaywithsuccessandthefar-futurerightnow.____16____Becomeaneagerreader.Gotoyourschoollibraryorthepubliclibraryandcheckoutbooksthatinterestyou.Itcanbeanythingfrompoetrytographicnovelsandcomics.____17____Ifyoudon’tknowwheretostart,askthelibrarianforsuggestionsbasedonyourinterests.____18____Doyourhomework,showupforclassontime,keepyourschoolworkorganized,andhaveaplannerofimportantdatestohelpyouturninassignmentsontimeandwithlessstress.Duringclass,payattentionandaskquestionstofurtheryourunderstandingofthematerial.Takeextracurricularactivitiesyouenjoy.Makeyourextracurricularsachanceforyoutorelaxalittleandexpressyourself.____19____Youcanalwaysfindclassesatschoolorbeyond.Also,youcanusetheactivitiestomakeyourvoiceheard.Setrealisticacademicandpersonalgoals.Setrealisticgoalsforyourselftofeelasenseofaccomplishmentregardingyourschoolandpersonallife.____20____Oryoucangainextracreditsatleastonceperterm.Asforpersonalgoals,youmightsetanintentiontogetreallygoodatshooting3-pointshotsorlearnhowtobakebread.A.Justgetreading!B.Beanexcellentstudent.C.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyoulike.D.Youcanturntoyouradvisersforhelp.E.Takethechanceforyoutoexpressyourself.F.Herearesometipsforyoutoenjoyyourteenagelife.G.Forexample,youmightsetagoaltoachieveallA’s.〖答案〗16.F17.A18.B19.E20.G【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。作者為青少年讀者提供建議，如何更好的享受青少年生活?！?6題詳析】上文“Butdon’tgettoocarriedawaywithsuccessandthefar-futurerightnow.（但是，現(xiàn)在不要太著迷于成功和遙遠(yuǎn)的未來。）”指出作者建議青少年要適當(dāng)享受青少年時(shí)期的生活；下文各段開頭的主旨句，如第二段“Becomeaneagerreader.（成為一個(gè)熱切的讀者。）”可知下文各段是在給讀者提供建議。故空格處的句子為承上啟下的作用。選項(xiàng)F“Herearesometipsforyoutoenjoyyourteenagelife.（以下是一些讓你享受青少年生活的小貼士。）”符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Itcanbeanythingfrompoetrytographicnovelsandcomics.（它可以是任何讀物，從詩(shī)歌到平面小說和漫畫。）”指出作者建議大家閱讀，重要的是去讀起來，而不是讀什么樣的書籍。選項(xiàng)A“Justgetreading!（開始閱讀吧?。狈险Z境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】下文“Doyourhomework,showupforclassontime,keepyourschoolworkorganized,andhaveaplannerofimportantdatestohelpyouturninassignmentsontimeandwithlessstress.（做家庭作業(yè)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)到場(chǎng)上課，安排好作業(yè)，安排好重要日期，以幫助你按時(shí)完成作業(yè)，減輕壓力。）”指出這一段作者建議讀者要要認(rèn)真完成學(xué)生該完成的事情，做一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。選項(xiàng)B“Beanexcellentstudent.（做一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生）”恰好符合語境，是對(duì)下文的具體行為的總的描述?？捎米鬟@一段的主旨句。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上文“Makeyourextracurricularsachanceforyoutorelaxalittleandexpressyourself.（讓你的課外活動(dòng)給你一個(gè)放松和表達(dá)自己的機(jī)會(huì)。）”指出作者建議讀者要利用好課外活動(dòng)休息和表達(dá)自己。選項(xiàng)E“Takethechanceforyoutoexpressyourself.（抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)表達(dá)自己。）”與上文自然過渡，且句子的chance“機(jī)會(huì)”前使用定冠詞the，表示上文表達(dá)的同一個(gè)“機(jī)會(huì)”，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】上文本段主旨句“Setrealisticacademicandpersonalgoals.（設(shè)定現(xiàn)實(shí)的學(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)人目標(biāo)。）”指出這一段是關(guān)于如何制定目標(biāo)的。而選項(xiàng)G“Forexample,youmightsetagoaltoachieveallA’s.（例如，你可以設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)，所有科目都拿A。）”符合“設(shè)定目標(biāo)”這一段落大意。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。KylerNipperhasadiseasepreventinghisheelsfromtouchingthegroundwhilewalking.Towalk,heusuallyplaceshis____21____onhisfronttiptoes,andhisdifferentwayofwalking____22____hisshoestobendinthemiddleandoftencomeapart.Hisparentswouldgethimnewones,____23____they’dwearoutinweeks.Becausehisshoeswerealwayswornout,somekids____24____him.Kylerdidn’twantanyoneelseto____25____itforhavingoldshoes,sohemadeashoedonation____26____.“Pleasedonateshoesforthe____27____kids,”Hewroteonthebox.He____28____togivethedonatedshoestoanyoneinhisschoolwhoneededanewpairofshoes.MovedbyKyler’sstory,LadyGaga’sBornThisWayFoundationhaspartneredwithKylerandnow____29____donatewonderfulpairsofshoestohischarity(慈善機(jī)構(gòu)).“I’msoproudand______30______withhiswork.YoungpeoplelikeKylerarethekeytobuildingakinder,braverworldforusall,”saidMayaSmith,directoroftheFoundation.NowKylerhassetupseveral“Kyler’sClosets”atlocal______31______andstudentscancomeinprivateto______32______anypairthattheylike.KyleralsoregularlybringsshoestotheLasVegasRescueMissionforthose______33______peopleduringeveningmeals.Kylerbelievesin______34______forothersandhelikestosaythatweshouldnotonlytellpeopletobekind,butalso______35______it.“We’respreadingitalongtheway,sothattomeisasuccess,”saidKyler.21.A.shoes B.balance C.safety D.actions22.A.causes B.requires C.expects D.allows23.A.or B.once C.so D.yet24.A.heardof B.talkedwith C.caredfor D.laughedat25.A.explore B.remember C.experience D.fear26.A.organization B.speech C.box D.party27.A.naughty B.needy C.sick D.strange28.A.planned B.supported C.agreed D.afforded29.A.regularly B.hardly C.normally D.simply30.A.familiar B.impressed C.patient D.disappointed31.A.parks B.hospitals C.schools D.houses32.A.buy B.exchange C.choose D.donate33.A.lucky B.careless C.homeless D.suitable34.A.responsibility B.kindness C.benefit D.confidence35.A.discover B.record C.explain D.show〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.D25.C26.C27.B28.A29.A30.B31.C32.C33.C34.B35.D【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述KylerNipper創(chuàng)建一個(gè)捐贈(zèng)鞋的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)為需要鞋的學(xué)生們提供新鞋?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：走路時(shí)，他通常用前腳尖保持平衡，而他不同的走路方式導(dǎo)致他的鞋子在中間彎曲，并且經(jīng)常分開。A.shoes鞋子；B.balance平衡；C.safety安全；D.actions行動(dòng)。由前文“preventinghisheelsfromtouchingthegroundwhilewalking”可知，由于腳后跟有問題，所以只有踮著腳用腳尖走路來保持“平衡”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：走路時(shí)，他通常用前腳尖保持平衡，而他不同的走路方式導(dǎo)致他的鞋子在中間彎曲，并且經(jīng)常分開。A.causes導(dǎo)致；B.requires需要；C.expects期待；D.allows允許。由前文“onhisfronttiptoes”可知，由于是用腳尖走路，則會(huì)“導(dǎo)致”鞋中間彎曲并裂開。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。A.or或；B.once一旦；C.so所以；D.yet然而。句意：他的父母會(huì)給他買新的，但幾周后就會(huì)磨損。由前文“Hisparentswouldgethimnewones”和后文“they’dwearoutinweeks”可知，兩句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗男涌偸瞧婆f不堪，一些孩子嘲笑他。A.heardof聽說；B.talkedwith與...交談；C.caredfor照顧；D.laughedat嘲笑。由前文“hisshoeswerealwayswornout”可知，孩子們會(huì)“嘲笑”他穿破鞋。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Kyler不想讓其他人因?yàn)橛信f鞋而經(jīng)歷這種情況，所以他做了一個(gè)鞋子捐贈(zèng)箱。A.explore探索；B.remember記?。籆.experience體驗(yàn)；D.fear害怕。由前文“somekids_____him.”可知，這里講Kyler不想讓其他孩子也“經(jīng)歷”這種嘲笑。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kyler不想讓其他人因?yàn)橛信f鞋而經(jīng)歷這種情況，所以他做了一個(gè)鞋子捐贈(zèng)箱。A.organization組織；B.speech演講；C.box盒子；D.party聚會(huì)。由后文“Hewroteonthebox”可知，這里他做了一個(gè)捐贈(zèng)“盒子”。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：請(qǐng)為由貧窮的兒童捐贈(zèng)鞋子。A.naughty淘氣的；B.needy貧困的；C.sick生病的；D.strange奇怪的。由前文“havingoldshoes”可知，這里是在為那些穿舊鞋的“貧困”孩子募捐。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他計(jì)劃把捐贈(zèng)的鞋子送給學(xué)校里需要一雙新鞋子的人。A.planned計(jì)劃；B.supported支持；C.agreed同意；D.afforded提供。由前文“madeashoedonation______”可知，他這樣做是“計(jì)劃”把捐贈(zèng)的鞋子送給有需要的人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：被Kyler的故事所感動(dòng)，LadyGaga的BornThisWay基金會(huì)與Kyler合作，現(xiàn)在定期向他的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)精美的鞋子。A.regularly定期的；B.hardly幾乎沒有；C.normally通常地；D.simply僅僅。由后文“KyleralsoregularlybringsshoestotheLasVegasRescueMission”可知，這里BornThisWay基金也應(yīng)是“定期”捐贈(zèng)鞋給他慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我為他的工作感到驕傲和印象深刻。A.familiar熟悉的；B.impressed印象深刻的；C.patient耐心的；D.disappointed失望的。由前文“I’msoproud”可知，MayaSmith對(duì)Kyle的工作感到自豪并且“印象深刻”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在Kyler已經(jīng)在當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校設(shè)立了幾個(gè)“凱勒衣櫥”，學(xué)生們可以私下來挑選他們喜歡的任何一雙鞋。A.parks公園；B.hospitals醫(yī)院；C.schools學(xué)校；D.houses房屋。由后文“studentscancomeinprivate”可知，Kyle應(yīng)是在“學(xué)?！苯ⅰ皠P勒衣櫥”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在Kyler已經(jīng)在當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校設(shè)立了幾個(gè)“凱勒衣櫥”，學(xué)生們可以私下來挑選他們喜歡的任何一雙鞋。A.buy買；B.exchange交換；C.choose選擇；D.donate捐贈(zèng)。由后文“anypairthattheylike”以及上下文可知，學(xué)生們可以“挑選”自己喜愛的鞋。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Kyler還經(jīng)常在晚飯時(shí)間去拉斯維加斯救援團(tuán)為那些無家可歸的人帶去鞋。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.careless粗心的；C.homeless無家可歸的；D.suitable合適的。由前文“theLasVegasRescueMission”可知，這里的人應(yīng)是“無家可歸的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kyler相信善待他人，他喜歡說，我們不僅要告訴人們要善良，還要表現(xiàn)出來。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.kindness善良；C.benefit利益；D.confidence信心。由后文“weshouldnotonlytellpeopletobekind”可知，Kyler相信應(yīng)該要“善待”別人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Kyler相信善待他人，他喜歡說，我們不僅要告訴人們要善良，還要表現(xiàn)出來。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.record記錄；C.explain解釋；D.show展現(xiàn)。由前文“notonlytell”并結(jié)合上文可知，我們不僅要說，還要自己做來“展示”友善。故選D項(xiàng)。第Ⅱ卷第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IntheheartofmodernBeijingistheForbiddenCity.Itserved