安徽省蕪湖市馬塘區(qū)2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》高分沖刺試題含解析

安徽省蕪湖市馬塘區(qū)2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》高分沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Aftermybrotherdiedinanaccident,mymotherwasverysad.Iwasonly4yearsoldatthetime,butIstillunderstoodthe1inmymom’sattitudetowardsafety.2,everythingarounduswaspotentially3.Igrewupwithalotof4andrulesthatweremeantto5me.Forexample,Iwasnot6towalkhomefromschoolbymyself,eventhougheveryoneIknewalreadydid.Icouldn’t7eveningpartiesorgotosummercamp,8whatifsomethinghappenedtome?AsIgotolder,thelistofthingsto9gotlonger.Ibecameanatural10.Iwasconcernedaboutthingslikegettingcancer,losingmywallet,beingcaughtincaraccidentsandearthquakes—11bigandsmall,realand12.Thefunnypartisthatyou’dneverknowitbylookingatmylife,becauseI’mconstantly13myselftodothethingsthatfrightenorworryme.Infact,I’vedevelopeda14formyself:Ifitscaresme,thenIhavetodoit15once.I’vedonelotsofthingsthatwouldhave16mymom:I’veriddenamotorcycle,I’vetraveledalone,andI’veperformedstand-upcomedy.Courageisn’tanaturalattribute(品質(zhì))ofhumanbeings.Ibelievethatwehavetopracticebeingcourageous.Themore17Idothingsthatscaremeorthatmakeme18,themoreIrealizethatIcandoalotmorethanIoriginallythoughtIcoulddo.EventhoughIinherited(經(jīng)遺傳獲得)mymother’scautious19,I’vealsocometobelievethatfearcanbeagoodthing,ifwe20it.Believingthathasmademyworldalessscaryplace.1、A．hint B．change C．scene D．lesson2、A．Slowly B．Logically C．Fortunately D．Suddenly3、A．important B．inspiring C．convenient D．dangerous4、A．restrictions B．considerations C．judgments D．comparisons5、A．limit B．help C．protect D．train6、A．a(chǎn)llowed B．encouraged C．reminded D．a(chǎn)dvised7、A．a(chǎn)rrange B．a(chǎn)ttend C．decorate D．support8、A．but B．though C．or D．because9、A．hope B．fear C．count D．bear10、A．worrier B．dreamer C．a(chǎn)dult D．thinker11、A．ideas B．a(chǎn)ffairs C．a(chǎn)ctions D．disasters12、A．special B．common C．imaginary D．practical13、A．expecting B．warning C．forcing D．promising14、A．rule B．form C．case D．hobby15、A．inall B．a(chǎn)tmost C．a(chǎn)fterall D．a(chǎn)tleast16、A．threatened B．shocked C．confused D．entertained17、A．rarely B．quickly C．often D．fairly18、A．confident B．uncomfortable C．happy D．generous19、A．nature B．duly C．work D．task20、A．know B．get C．a(chǎn)void D．faceSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1"Bigtobacco"iswhatthebossesofseverallargetechnologyfirmshavestartedcallingFacebook．Beingcomparedtothetobaccogiantsisfarfrompraise，butitisnottheonlywide﹣spreadanalogy（比擬）．AlowerblowisthesuggestionthatFacebookmaybecomelikeYahoo，theoncehigh﹣flyinginternet?rmthatfell．Evenayearagotheideawouldhavebeenunthinkable．ButsinceJanuaryFacebookhasbecometrappedinaseriesofmisjudgmentsandmissteps．ItbecameclearthatithaddonetoolittletostopRussianinterference（干涉）inAmerica'selectionin2016．Ithadtoadmitthatithadsharedthepersonaldataof90muserswithoutsidefirmswithoutpermission．ThecomparisontoYahooisimperfect．EvenatitspeakYahoo'sbusinesswasneveraslargeandpro?tableasFacebook's．OneofthemainreasonsYahoodeclinedisbecauseitlostouttoapowerfulcompetitor，Google，inonlinesearch；MarissaMayer，itsbossfrom2012untilitssaletoVerizonlastyear，wasunabletorestoreadvertisers'oremployees'confidenceasusersleft．ButpeoplewhowatchedYahoo'sfallingseesimilarities．Executive（主管）turnoverwasaleadingindicatorofitsdecline；beforeMs．MayerwashiredYahoowentthroughfourchiefexecutivesinthreeyears．Mr．Zuckerberg，whocontrolsthemajorityofFacebook'svotingshares，isnotleaving，butmanytopexecutivesare．Thisyearseveralhaveannouncedtheirdepartures，includingFacebook'schiefsecurityofficer．Whenadvertisers'faithinFacebookhasbeenshaken，politiciansinWashingtonarerunningoutofpatiencewiththecompany．Lawmakers'inspectionofthe?rmiscausingittobemorecautiousabouthowitusesdatafortargetingadvertisementsandaboutwhatinformationitmakesavailabletooutsiders．Mr．ZuckerbergandMs．SandbergareunderpressuretoprovetoemployeesandadvertisersthatFacebookisnotonlytrustworthybutworthyoftheirtimeandmoney．Iftheycannotdoso，andthecompany'ssharepricecontinuesitsslide，itispossiblethatMs．Sandbergwillbereplacedinthenextyear．Mr．ZuckerbergwilldoubtlesshavethoughtsaboutYahoo'ssorrytale．1、ForFacebook，beingcomparedto"bigtobacco"is．A．positiveB．a(chǎn)mbitiousC．creativeD．negative2、Accordingtotheauthor，whatdoesFacebookcurrentlyhaveincommonwiththefailedYahoo？A．Lettingoutusers'data．B．Beingdeepinfinancialcrisis．C．Leadersareleavingthecompany．D．Layingoffalargenumberofemployees．3、TheauthortriestosupporthisjudgmentaboutFacebookby．A．questioningitsmanagementB．usingevidencerelatedtoitC．a(chǎn)nalyzingitsfinancialdataD．listingitsadvantagesanddisadvantages4、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．Facebookgetstrappedintrouble．B．Twocompaniesaredeepincrisis．C．HowtosaveFacebook．D．Faithismorevaluablethangold．Text2Haveyoueverpressedthepedestrianbuttonatacrosswalkandwonderedifitreallyworked?They’recalled“placebo(安慰劑）buttons”一buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed，butprovidenofunctionality.InNewYorkCity,onlyabout100ofthe1,000crosswalkbuttonsactuallyfunction.Crosswalksignalsweregenerallyinstalledbeforetrafficjamhadreachedtoday’slevels.Butwhiletheirfunctionwastakenoverbymoreadvancedsystems—suchasautomatedlightsortrafficsensors—thephysicalbuttonswereoftenkept,ratherthanbeingreplacedatfurtherexpense.Othercities，suchasBoston，DallasandSeattle，havegonethroughasimilarprocess,leavingthemwiththeirownplacebopedestrianbuttons.InLondon,whichhas6,000trafficsignals,pressingthepedestrianbuttonresultsinareliable“Wait”light.Butthatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatthe“greenman”—or“pedestrianstage”intrafficsignaldesignprofession—willappearanysooner.“Wedohavesomecrossingswherethegreenlightcomesonautomatically,butwestillaskpeopletopressthebuttonbecausethatenablesaccessiblefeatures,’’saidGlynnBarton,directorofnetworkmanagementatTransportforLondon.Thesefeatures,suchasblindtracksandhearabletrafficsignals,helppeoplewithvisualdisordercrosstheroadandonlyfunctionwhenthebuttonispressed.Asforthelights,agrowingnumberofthemarenowcombinedandbecomeapartofanelectronicsystemthatdetectstrafficandadjuststimefrequencyaccordingly(givingprioritytobusesifthey’rerunninglate,forexample),whichmeansthatpressingthebuttonhasnoeffect.AccordingtoLanger,aHarvardpsychologist,placebobuttonsgiveustheillusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))ofcontrol—andsomethingtodoinsituationswherethealternativewouldbedoingnothing.Inthecaseofpedestriancrossings,theymayevenmakeussaferbyforcingustopayattentiontooursurroundings.“Theyserveapsychologicalpurposeattheveryleast,”sheadded.1、Whyarethephysicalbuttonsstillkeptinsomecities?A．Becauseitmaycostmoneytoreplacethem.B．Becausetheyremainasmemoriesofacity.C．Becausedohaverealfunctionsintraffic.D．Becausetheycanresultinreliablelights.2、Whichofthefollowingwordcanreplacetheunderlineword“features”inParagraph4?A．Functions. B．Uses.C．Equipment. D．Facilities.3、Ifyoupresseda“placebobutton”inLondon,whatwouldhappen?A．Alltrafficwouldbeaffected. B．Somekindofsoundmightappear.C．Pedestrianscamefirsttocrosstheroad. D．“Greenman”wereboundtoshowupearlier.4、Whatcanweknowabout“placebobuttons”fromLanger’swords?A．Theycanreallycontroltraffic. B．Theyservelittlefunctions.C．Theymayworkmentally. D．Theycanhelptheblind.Text3BritainandFrancearetwoimportantcountriesinEurope.Theyareneighbors,separatedonlybythe20-mileseawayoftheEnglishChannel.Andformostofthetimethatthetwocountrieshaveexisted,theFrenchandtheBritishhavebeenrivalsorevenenemies.Oneconflictbetweenthetwocountrieslastedover100years,andtheBritishandFrenchwereatwarthroughthe18thcentury.Thereisnofightingnow,ofcourse.Butthereisstillastrongsenseofrivalry(敵對(duì))betweenthetwonations.That’swhyarecentsurveyintheUKcausedamajorshock.Itrevealed(揭露)thatonethirdoftheBritishpeoplewouldliketoliveinFrance.Italsoshowedthattwenty-onepercentofBritishpeoplewouldactuallyprefertohavebeenborninFrance.Manyreasonsweregiven.Francehasabetterclimateandamorerelaxedlifestyle,withsomeofthelongestholidaysinEurope.Itisthoughttohavebetterpublicservicesineveryareafromhealthtotransport.PeopleinFranceworkshorterhoursandenjoylongervacations.Andthinkofthefoodandwine!Estimates(估計(jì))ofthenumbersofBritonslivinginFrancerangefrom100,000tohalfamillion.Butitisnotone-waytraffic.Around15,000FrenchpeopleperyearcometoliveinBritain,mainlysettlinginLondon.TheyareattractedbyhigherpayinBritain,lowertaxes,amoredynamiclifestyle.Nowitseemsthatpeoplecangototheplacethatsuitsthembest.1、WhydosomeBritishpeopleliketoliveinFrance?A．Theypreferthelongerholidaysthere.B．EnglandhastheworstfoodinEurope.C．FranceisnotfarawayfromEngland.D．Thetwocountrieshavealwaysbeenfriends.2、SomeFrenchpeoplemainlysetinLondonbecause________.A．theylikebetterthemoredynamiclifestyleB．theythinktherearebetterpublicservicesinitC．theyliveinFranceforalongtimeD．theycanworkshorterhoursthere3、Whichwouldbethemostidealwaytoliveforpeopleinbothcountries?A．WorkandliveinFrance.B．WorkandliveinLondon.C．WorkinLondonandliveinFrance.D．WorkinFranceandliveinLondon.4、Whatasuggestiondoesthetextgive?A．Bothofthepeopleliketomovebetweentwocountries.B．BothofthepeoplearebecomingmoreEuropean.C．TheFrencharebecomingmoreBritish.D．TheBritisharebecomingmoreFrench.Text4OPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAntliaPneumaticaInanewplaybyAnneWashburn,directedbyKenRusSchmoll,agroupofestrangedfriendsgatherataTexasfarmhousetoburyoneoftheirpeers.(PeterJaySharp,416W.42ndSt.212-279-4200.Inpreviews.)BrightStarSteveMartinandEdieBrickellwrotethisbluegrass-and-Americanamusical,inwhichamagazineeditormeetsasoldierreturningfromtheSecondWorldWar.WalterBobbiedirects.(Cort,138W.48thSt.212-239-6200.Inpreviews.)TheCrucibleIvovanHovedirectsArthurMiller’sclassicdramaabouttheSalemwitchtrials,starringSaoirseRonan,BenWhishaw,CiaranHinds,andSophieOkonedo.(WalterKerr,219W.48thSt.212-239-6200.Inpreviews.)DryPowderJohnKrasinski,ClaireDanes,andHankAzariastarinSarahBurgess’splay,inwhichanexecutiveataprivate-equityfirm(私人股本公司)triestoreboundfromaP.R.disaster.ThomasKaildirects.(Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.Inpreviews.OpensOct.28,2017)TheFatherFrankLangellastarsinaplaybytheFrenchwriterFlorianZeller,translatedbyChristopherHamptonanddirectedbyDougHughesforManhattanTheatreClub,aboutaneighty-year-oldmanwhoislosinghisgriponhisownlifestory.(SamuelJ.Friedman,261W.47thSt.212-239-6200.PreviewsbeginOct.28,2017)1、Ifyou’reinterestedinAmericanmusic,wherecanyougetentertained?A．PeterJaySharp,416W.42ndSt.B．Cort,138W.48thSt.C．WalterKerr,219W.48thSt.D．Public,425LafayetteSt.2、Ifyouwanttopreviewaplaynow,whichofthefollowingisnotavailable?A．BrightStarB．TheCrucibleC．DryPowderD．TheFather3、Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassageisto________.A．informB．entertainC．persuadeD．describPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThecheongsamisafemaledresswithdistinctiveChinesefeaturesandenjoysgrowing1．(popular)intheinternationalworldofhighfashionThename“cheongsam”2．(mean)simply“l(fā)ongdress”enteredtheEnglishvocabularyfromthedialectofChina'sGuangdongProvinceInotherpartsofthecountryincludingBeijing,however,it3．(know)as“qipao”，whichhasahistorybehinditAftertheearlyManchu(滿族的)rulerscametoChina,theManchuwomenwore4．(normal)aone-piecedresswhichcametobecalled“qipao”5．the11RevolutionendedtheruleoftheQingDynasty,thefemaledresssurvivedthepoliticalchangeand,withlaterimprovements,hasbecomethetraditionaldressforChinesewomenThecheongsam,6．neckishigh,collarclosed,fitswelltheChinesefemalefigure,anditssleevesmaybeeithershort,mediumorfull7．(long),dependingonseasonsortastesInaddition,itisnottoocomplicated(復(fù)雜)8．(make)Nor9．itneedtoomuchmaterialAnotherbeautyofthecheongsamisthatitcanbeworneither10．casualorformaloccasionsIneithercase,itcreatesanimpressionofsimpleandquietcharm,elegance(優(yōu)雅)andneatnessOnlineshoppingisgettingmoreandmorepopularinmostcities,wherepeopleareabletomakefulluseoftherapidly-developedInternettechnologyItiswelcomedbymostpeopledueto1．(vary)reasonsFromtheangleoftheconsumers,itcansavemuchtimeforapersonwho2．(have)littlesparetimetogoshoppinginthemallsBy3．(simple)clickingthemouse,theycangetwhatevertheywantwhilestayingathome,4．maybetensofthousandskilometersawayfromtheonlineshopsFortheretailers,itcancutsomecostsforthosewhodon’thavemuchcirculatingfundsItalsosavesthemtheneedtorentahouse5．(compare)withtraditionaltradestyle6．,therearestillsomedisadvantagesinonlineshoppingFirst,aface-to-facedealmakesonline-shoppingless7．(rely)andtrustworthySecond,peoplewilllosethefunofbargain8．isundeniablethatshoppingontheInternethasbecomeanirresistibletrendinmodernsocietyItisofgreatimportancethatwemaketherelativelawswiththerapid9．(grow)ofonlineshoppingOnlyinthiswaycanweenjoythepleasureandconvenienceofonlineshoppingwithoutthefearof10．(cheat)SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框的A～F選項(xiàng)中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)A．SuggestionsonhavinginterviewsB．BeyourselfC．ListenbeforetalkingD．UseyoureyesandsmileE.FocusyourenergyF.Qualitiesofgoodcommunication1、_________Goodcommunicationisvitalinmodernsociety.Weknowthatmuchofthecommunicationisunspoken.Consciouslyorunconsciously,weshowourtruefeelingswithoureyes,faces,bodiesandattitudes.Yourgoodqualitiescanmakegoodcommunication.Thepersonalqualitiesincludephysicalappearance,energy,rateofspeech,pitchandtoneofvoice,gestures,expressivenessofeyes,andtheabilitytoholdtheinterestofothers.Whatshouldwedosothatourcommunicationwillbeeffective?Herearemysuggestions.2、_________Firstly,thetrickistobeconsistentlyyou,atyourbest.Themosteffectivepeopleneverchangecharacterfromonesituationtoanother.They’rethesamewhetherthey’rehavingaconversationwiththeirclosefriends,addressingtheirgardencluborbeinginterviewedforajob.Theycommunicatewiththeirwholebeing.3、_________Secondly,whetheryou’retalkingtoonepersonoronehundred,alwaysremembertolookatthem.Don’tbreakeyecontactwhiletalking.Asyouenteraroom,moveyoureyescomfortably,thenlookdirectlyatthoseintheroomandsmile.Thisshowsclearlythatyouareatease.Smilingisimportant.Thebesttypeofsmileandeyecontactisgentleandcomfortable,notforced.4、_________Youshouldalsoabsorbotherpeoplebeforeshowingyourself.Youcan’tlearnanythingwhenyoutalk.Whenyouattendameeting,apartyoraninterview,don’timmediatelystartthrowingyouropinions.Stopforasecond.Absorbwhat’sgoingon.What’sthemoodoftheothers–aretheydown,up,happy,expectant?Aretheyeagertolearnfromyou,ordotheyshowresistance?Ifyoucansensewhat’shappeningwithothers,youwillbebetterabletoreachthem.So,listenbeforeyoutalk.5、_________Howdoyougetyourenergyup?Beforethemeeting,collectyourthoughtsaboutthegoalofthemeeting–yoursandtheother’s.Onceyougothroughthedoorway,nolongerthinkaboutyourself.Focusonthepersonyouaremeetingtofindoutwhatheisinterestedin.Properlycollectedenergycomesacrosswhenwesincerelybelievesomething.Whenyouspeakwithenergy,youareinvolvedwithyouraudienceandyourmessage.Youcreateanairofcertainty.Theaudiencemaydisagreewithyou,buttheycan’tquestionyourbelief.IfeelhappywhenIcomehomeattheendofthedayandseethosebig,graphicprintsonmywall.TheymakemytinyNewYorkapartmentfeelmorehomeandmorepurposeful;morelikeme.Why?1、You’reprobablynottryingtospendcrazydollarsonartforyourhome—whois?MaybeyoujustgraduatedandknowyouneedtoupgradefromthatposterofEinsteinwithhistongueoutt