考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年懷化市模擬預(yù)測(cè)試卷含解析

考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年懷化市模擬預(yù)測(cè)試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Therearemanyprinciplesandvaluesallpeopleliveby.The1thatIlivebyishonesty.IhavealwaysbeentaughtthatlyingwilljustgetmeintomoretroublethanImightalreadybe2.Beinghonestisa3allpeopleneedtohaveandusetogo4inlife.EversinceIwasalittlekid,myparentshave5metobehonest6itistherightthingtodo.AsIgot7,Irealizedsomethingveryimportantthatcould8thewaypeopletakemetobeaperson.Ifjustonceyoustopbeinghonestandtellalieitwill9changepeople’sopinionofyouandtheirwholewayofacting10you.Whenyoutellalieyoulosethatperson’s11foreverorhavetoworkyourwholelifetogetitback.Itismypersonal12toachievegreatthingsinlifeandhonestywillsurehelpmegetthere.Formerightnowlosingsomebody’strustwouldbeatruly13thing.Whateveryoudoforalivingor14youlive,honestyissomethingimportantforallofus.Honestygetsyoumuchhigherinlifethangettingintomore15likelyingwould.Lyingcan16getyouintotroubledealingwiththegovernment.Honestyisjustasimportanttomeasmyfamily.Already,Iknowitissomethingthatwill17myfutureandmyrelationshipwithallpeople.ItissomethingaboutmyselfthatIhopetonever18nomatterwhathappens.MostofallhonestywillhelpmenomatterwhetherI’matschool,homeorjust19withfriends.Itissomething20Ihopemychildrenwillalsohaveandappreciate.1、A．professionB．lawC．careerD．contract2、A．inB．intoC．onD．onto3、A．characterB．qualityC．personalityD．speciality4、A．slowlyB．downC．fastD．far5、A．a(chǎn)dvisedB．madeC．taughtD．ordered6、A．incaseB．sothatC．a(chǎn)lthoughD．because7、A．olderB．elderC．strongerD．taller8、A．a(chǎn)cceptB．ensureC．changeD．exchange9、A．possiblyB．totallyC．hardlyD．nearly10、A．likeB．towardC．a(chǎn)gainstD．forward11、A．confidenceB．hopeC．interestD．trust12、A．a(chǎn)rrangementB．intentionC．goalD．purpose13、A．horribleB．fascinatingC．unacceptableD．surprising14、A．whereverB．wheneverC．whicheverD．whomever15、A．questionsB．problemsC．a(chǎn)ccidentsD．incidents16、A．surelyB．easilyC．evenD．still17、A．breakB．improveC．destroyD．strengthen18、A．loseB．meetC．ownD．miss19、A．hangingoverB．hangingonC．hangingupD．hangingout20、A．whoB．whatC．whichD．thatSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Ourhomegalaxy(星系),theMilkyWay,makesforaprettyspacepicture,anditlooksnormalatadistance.Butanew3Dmaprevealsasurprise:_______________________________.TheMilkyWayisaspiral(漩渦型的)galaxy,inwhichstarsandgascloudsexistmainlyinitsspiral“arms”.Ourmassiveneighbor,theAndromedagalaxy(仙女座),isalsospiral.Spiralgalaxiesusuallyappearveryflatandeasytoseethroughatelescope,saidtheresearchers.Using1,339large,pulsating(脈沖的)starstomakea3DmapoftheMilkyWay,researchersdiscoveredinsteadthatthegalaxy’sdiskofstarsisincreasinglytwisting，mostlikelyduetothespinningofthedisk.Andthefartherthestarsarefromthecenter,themoretwisteditbecomes.Previously,astronomerssawevidenceofhydrogencloudsbecomingwarped(彎曲的)intheMilkyWay.Thisisn’tcompletelyabnormal,becauseastronomershavenoticedthesamepatternofprogressivelytwistingspiralsinaboutadozenothergalaxies.Butitdoeshelpthemmakemoresenseofourgalaxy.Becauseweliveinthisgalaxy,thatmakesithardertoobserve,anddustandstarlightmakeitevenmoredifficultwhenusingtelescopes.Tryingtodeterminewhatourgalacticcenterlookslikeissimilartotryingtofindthecenterofaforestyou’restandingin.“ItisextremelydifficulttodeterminedistancesfromtheSuntopartsoftheMilkyWay’soutergasdiskwithouthavingaclearideaofwhatthatdiskactuallylookslike,”leadstudyauthorXiaodianChenoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijingsaidinastatement.Fromafar,theMilkyWayappearslikeathinrotating(旋轉(zhuǎn)的)diskofstars,orbitingthecentereveryfewhundredmillionyears.Inthecenter,hundredsofbillionsofstarsanddarkmatterholdthegalaxytogether.Butasyoumovetowardtheoutermostreachesofthegalaxy,thegravitationalglueofthecenterfades.Intheouterdisk,thiskeepshydrogengasfrombeingrestricted,whichcontributestoanS-shapedwarping.“Somewhattooursurprise,wefoundthatin3Dourcollectionof1339starsandtheMilkyWay’sgasdiskfolloweachotherclosely.Thisoffersnewinsightsintotheformationofourhomegalaxy,”RicharddeGrijs,seniorstudyco-authorandprofessoratMacquarieUniversity’sDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy,saidinastatement.“Perhapsmoreimportantly,intheMilkyWay’souterregions,wefoundthattheS-likestellar(星的)diskiswarpedinaprogressivelyTwistedspiralpattern.”Sothemassiveinnerdisk’srotationalforcecausestheouterdisktowarp,theresearchersconcluded.“Thisresearchprovidesacrucialupdatedmapforstudiesofourgalaxy’sstellarmotionsandtheoriginsoftheMilkyWay,”saidLicaiDeng,co-authorandseniorresearcherattheChineseAcademyofSciences,inastatement.1、Whichofthefollowingmightbethemissingsentenceinthefirstparagraph?A．TheMilkyWayisbeingwarpedandtwistedbyitsstars.B．TheMilkyWayisspiralandorbitingitselfallthetime.C．Theformationofourhomegalaxyisduetotheforceofgravity.D．TheoriginoftheMilkyWayliesinitsrotationalforce.2、Whatdoestheunderlined“this”referto?A．theMilkyWay B．thegravitationalglueC．thefadingofgravity D．theoutermostreachofthegalaxy3、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thegalaxyweliveinisuniqueforitsspecialspirals.B．ThestarsinthecenteroftheMilkyWayaremoretwisted.C．Thedistancefromthesuntootherstarsisalreadyknowntoscientists.D．TherotationofitsinnercenterforcestheMilkyWaytotwist.4、Whatisthesignificanceofthisfinding?A．ItrevealswhytheMilkyWayisaflatandspiralgalaxy.B．Itleadstoabreakthroughofusing3Dtechnologyinspaceresearch.C．ItprovesapreviouswayofobservingtheMilkyWaywhilewearelivinginit.D．ItcontributestoourknowledgeabouttheMilkyWay.Text2Thetornadolast4minutes,tous,itfeltlikealifetime.NosoonerhadwefoundcoverageofthetornadofromtheTVthanitwasontopofus.ItwastheloudestthingIhaveeverheard.Thewindbegantoroarthroughthehouse.Wehadthreeflightsofstepstogettothefirstfloor.Theclosetdownthereisunderneathabrickstaircase,whichseemedlikethestrongestplaceinourhousetowaitthingsout.Itfeltasiftherewerenofloorunderneathmeasthewindliftedmeoffmyfeet.Aswefinallyreachedthelastflightofsteps,ourfrontdoorblewout.Glassfleweverywhere.Suddenly,athree-foot-longtreebranchwhippedthroughthedoorframe.Itflewoverourheads,missingusbyinches.Hadwebeenonestepup,itwouldhaveimpaledus.Wegotclosetothestaircaseonlytoheartheloudsoundofourgaragedoorcomingoff.Thebackwallofthehousefollowedandtoreoffintothedarknessoutside.BythetimeIreachedthecloset,thetornadohadbeenoverusforaboutaminute.Jimmypushedmedowntotheclosetfloor,buthecouldn’tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.IgrippedJimmy’sarmandtriedtobringJimmywithit.Mykneeswerefullofglass,butinthatmoment,Ifeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn’tbelieveitwasover.Thestormlastedfourminutes.Inthattime,fourofthetwelvetownhousesinourunitwerecompletelydestroyed.Ofthehousesleftstanding,ourssufferedthemostdamage.Amazingly,noneofuswereseverelyinjured.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Theydecidedtohideinthebrickstaircasebecauseitwasthestrongestplacetohide.B．Itwashardtomakeittothefirstfloorbecausetherewasnofloorunderneaththem.C．Theirhousewasoneofthehousesintheunitthatwerecompletelydestroyed.D．Ifthetornadohadn’tstoppedintime,Jimmywouldhavebeenblownawayintothedarkness.2、What’stherightorderoffollowingevents?a.Thebackwallofthehousetoreoffintothedarknessoutside.b.Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetandwasthoughttobegone.c.Theauthorfeltnopainalthoughherkneeswerefullofglass.d.Atreebranchwhippedthroughthedoorframeandflewovertheirheads.e.Thegaragedoorcameoff.f.TheauthorwaspusheddowntotheclosetbyJimmy.A．deafcbB．deafbcC．dfeabcD．daefcb3、Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheirexperience?A．Thrillingandsmooth.B．Frighteningandlucky.C．Sufferingandmiserable.D．Painfulandunfortunate.4、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AnunforgettableexperienceB．TornadoonthewayC．LovedefeatseverythingD．Thelife-long4minutesText3Baseballwasalwayswheremyheartlay.However,myfatherdidnotcareforbaseball.Tworecreationalactivitiesheenjoyedweregolfingandfishing,neitherofwhichIconsideredarealsport.Hedidn’ttalkmuchandhewasn’tgoodatexpressinghimself.Frankly,Iwasn’tentirelycertainhecaredaboutme.Inaway,myfatherwaslikeafamiliarstrangerIsaweveryday.Oneday,watchingtheplayontelevisionmademewantagloveofmyown.Tomysurprise,myfathersaidhewantedone,too.Hewasontheportlyside,butthenagain,oneofthefamouspitchers(投手)ontheMetswasevenfatter.SoIthought,whynot?Weboughttwogloves,andthatevening,hesuggestedwegoouttothecourtyardandtoss(擲)theballaround.I’dalreadypracticedcatchingandthrowingatschool,butIcouldtellthiswasthefirsttimeformyfather,becauseeverytimehecaughttheball,itlandeddirectlyinhispalm.Ifyou’veevercaughtaballwithabaseballglove,youknowhowmuchthishurts.Butmyfathercaughtballafterballthisway.Slap!Slap!Hewinced(齜牙咧嘴).Afteraboutfiveminutes,ItoldhimI’dhadenough.Itwasn’toutofmercy,butformyownself-interest.Neighborhoodkidswerewatchingandwouldnodoubtteasemelaterforhavinganoldmanwhodidn’tknowhowtoproperlycatchabaseballdothat.Whenmyfathertookthegloveoff,hispalmwasredandswollen.Dad,whopassedaway11yearsago,nevertoldmehelovedme.Butthatsoundofthebaseballlandinginthesoftfleshofhishand,overandoveragain—itspokeitsowntenderlanguage,thoughatthetime,allIfeltwasshame.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“portly”meaninParagraph2?A．Experienced.B．Cool.C．Famous.D．Fat.2、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Thefatherdidn’tfeelhurtwhencatchingtheball.B．Thefatherdidn’tunderstandhischildatall.C．Theauthordidn’trealizehisfather’sloveforhimbackthen.D．Theauthorcriticizedhisfatherwhenplayingbaseballtogether.3、Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ACryingShameforBaseballB．Saying“ILoveYou”withBaseballC．ALovingFatherandHisSonD．LivingaHappyLifewithBaseballText4ThesixthmassextinctionoflifeontheEarthisunfoldingmorequicklythanfeared,scientistshavewarned.Morethan30percentofanimalswithabackbone—fish,birds,amphibians,reptilesandmammals—aredeclininginbothrangeandpopulation,accordingtothefirstcomprehensiveanalysisofthesetrends.Aroundadecadeago,expertsfearedthatanewrangewipeoutofspecieswasappearing.Today,mostagreethatitisunderway—butthenewstudysuggeststhatthedie-outisalreadygrowingfast.Thelossofbiodiversityhasrecentlyaccelerated.Severalspeciesofmammalsthatwererelativelysafeoneortwodecadesagoarenowendangered,includingcheetahs,lionsandgiraffes,thestudyshowed.Thereisnomysteryastowhy:ourownever-expandingspecies—whichhasmorethandoubledinnumbersince1960to7.4billion—iseating,crowdingandpollutingitsplanetarycohabitantsoutofexistence.Bycomparison,thereareasfewas20,000lionsleftinthewild,lessthan7,000cheetahs,500to1,000giantpandas.Themaindriversofwildlifedeclinearehabitatloss,over-consumption,pollution,otherspecies,disease,aswellashuntinginthecaseoftigers,elephants,rhinosandotherlargeanimalsprizedfortheirbodyparts.Climatechangeisthoughttobecomeamajorthreatinthecomingdecades,withsomeanimals—mostfamouslypolarbears—alreadyindeclineduetorisingtemperaturesandchangingweatherpatterns.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accelerated”inParagraph3mean?A．Madeup.B．Putup.C．Spedup.D．Usedup.2、Whyhasthelossofbiodiversityspedup?A．Themankind’spopulationisgrowingfast.B．Theairpollutionistoosevere.C．Therearefewerspeciesinlargerareas.D．Mancauseswiderwaterpollution.3、Whichisnotthemaindriverofwildlifedecline?A．Outsideanimals.B．Lossoflivingareas.C．Variousillnesses.D．Lackofwater.4、Howisthefutureofpolarbears?A．Uncertain.B．Hopeful.C．Doubtful.D．Unsatisfying.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)YoumaybeintheUnitedStatesonlyashorttimebeforeyouareinvitedtodinnerinanAmericanhomeYourhostsmaytelephoneyouoraskyou1．person,ortheymaysendyouawritten2．(invite)inthemailIfyougetone,youshouldtelephoneyourhoststoacceptAdinnerinanAmericanhomeismostlikelytobeameal3．(serve)toguestssittingatatableIftheguests4．(seat)atthetable,thehostsmayservethefood,oritmaybepassedso5．eachpersonmayhelphimselfTherearesomeothercustomsyoushouldknowYoushouldarriveontimeWhenyougetthere,yourhostsmayofferyousomethingtodrink,andsomelightfoodbeforedinnerThemealis6．(usual)servedabouthalf7．hourafteralltheguestsarriveMostAmericansdonothavemaids8．otherhelpinthehouseOftenthehusbandandwifeandtheirchildrensharetheresponsibilitiesof9．(prepare)themealandcleaningupafterwardAfterdinner,theguestsoftenstaywiththehostforanothertwoorthreehoursThenallofthemenjoy10．(them)HistorianshavesaidthatwehavealwayshadasweettoothOursweettoothhasgrownovertheyearsandpeoplearenowmoreattached1．sweetsthaneverbeforeTimRichardson,2．famoushistorian,hascreatedatimelinetoshowourloveofsweets,startingasearlyas8,000yearsBC．Hesaid,“Asweetthing3．(enjoy)duringthedaycanbeasourceofsimplecomfortandpleasurecheeringusupPeoplehaveknownthisfor4．(century)Throughouthistory,manysweetshavekepttheircharmandpopularitybecausetheyhavekeptupwiththe5．(late)tastetrends”Gavepaintingshavebeenfoundofourearlyancestorsattackingbeehives(蜂窩)6．(find)honeyAfunfactaboutthesesweetsisthathoneycomb(蜂巢)wasthefirsteversweeteatenAstheyears7．(go)on,lollypops(棒棒糖)werefirsteatenin9ADandgumswereenjoyedasearlyasthe1650’sAmainproductofthesweetmarkettoffeeappearedinthe1890’sOtherpopularsweets,suchasboiledsweets,chewinggumandbubblegum,camelaterChewinggumhasahistorythat8．(date)backtotheancientGreeks9．,itwasn’tuntil192810．WalterDiemerhappenedonjusttherightgumrecipetomaketheveryfirstbubblegumSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Campingessentials(必需品)Campingcanbeafunandcheapfamilyactivityorvacation.Butyoudoneedquiteafewsuppliestomanagelifeinthegreatoutdoors.1、.Andremembertocheckyourcampingessentials.TentUnlessyou’resleepingunderthestarsoryouhaveacamperoranRV,don’tforgettheobviousone:atent!Checkthemeasurementsanduserreviewswhenyouarebuyingone.SleepingBagandPillowEveniftheweatherlookshotforyourcampingtrip,bringasleepingbagforeverycamper.Withoutapillow,youwouldbefacingarockynight’ssleep.2、.3、Flashlightsareanothercampingitem.Bringmultipleflashlightsandextrabatteries,andalsoconsiderbuyingacampinglantern.Lanternsaregreatbecausetheyshedmorelightinalldirectionsandstandontheirownsothatyoucanplaycardsorgamesatnight.TheAnti-itchCreamKeepawayfrommosquitoes,blackfliesandotherbiters.Don’tforgettheanti-itchcreamtoapplyafterinsectbites.4、.Askdoctorsforwhichproductstouse.CampfireSuppliesMatchesstoredinaplasticbag,dryfirewoodanddrynewspapersareallyouneedforacampfire.5、.Eachcampfireshouldhaveitsownstonecampfirespotandmanyalsoprovideacast-ironshelfforcookingon.Inaddition,thereareothercampingessentials,suchaskitchenitems,bottledfoodandwater,toiletpaper,first-aidkits,andbooksandgames.Alltheabovecanenrichyouroutdoorcamping.A．CardsorgamesB．FlashlightsandlanternsC．KidsalsolikehavingapillowforthelongcarrideD．Bringclothesforalltypesofweather,fromhottorainydaysE.Findoutwhatyou’llneedtopackforyourcampingadventureF.YouandyourkidscandoaquickhuntfordrywoodforyourfireG.JustkeepinmindthatmanysprayscontainhighlevelsofchemicalsThereisnosoundworsethananalarmclockfirstthinginthemorning.Someofusarethet