2024版新教材高考英語全程一輪總復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)21Unit3FasterHigherStronger外研版選擇性必修第一冊

課時作業(yè)(二十一)選擇性必修第一冊Unit3Faster,higher,strongerⅠ.閱讀理解A[2023·浙江省金華十校一模]London,withcountlessfamoussitesandallmanneroffood,drink,shopping,history,andculture,isdefinitelyawonderfulcitytovisit.TimeZoneGreenwichMeanTimeduringthewinter,BritishSummerTimeduringtherestoftheyear(startingatDaylightSavingTime)．BestTimetoGoThebesttimetovisitLondonoverallisinspring,whenthetemperatureshavewarmedup,thesunhasstartedtoshineandLondon'sgardensandparksarelookingtheirbest.However,therealityisthatthebesttimetotraveltoLondondependsalotonwhatyou'relookingfor.Ifyou'reallabouttakingalookinsideQueenLiz'spalace,you'dbettermakeitinsummer,whilewinterisbeautifulandfestiveforthoselookingtogettheirfillofChristmasmarketsandtraditionalcheer.ThingstoKnowLondoners,andEnglishpeopleingeneral,haveamuchdifferentmannerofinteractingwithoneanotherthanAmericansdowhileanAmericanmightthinknothingofsmilingatastrangertheypassonthesidewalkoraskingaboutworkinthefirstfewminutesofaconversation,Londonersmightconsideritimpoliteorstrange.Don'tmistakethisforunfriendliness;it'sjustaculturaldifference.Instead,talkaboutthingslikemovies,TVshows,books,yourtravels,andthelike,insteadofworkorfamily.HowtoGetAroundGettingaroundLondonisunbelievablyeasythankstothewell-maintainedandextensiveUnderground.TheUnderground,unlikeAmericantransportationsystemswhichoftenpayperrideorpayperlengthoftrip,arepaidinzones.Farealsovariesbasedontimeofdayandthemethodyouusetopay.It'sworthgettinganOystercardtomakeyourlifethatmuchsimpler.1．Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Asurvey.B．Atraveljournal.C．Aresearchpaper.D．Aguidebook.2．WhenisthebesttimetovisitLondonforpeoplewhoenjoyalivelyatmosphere?A．Spring. B．Summer.C．Autumn. D．Winter.3．WhichofthefollowingisasuitabletopicforstartingaconversationwithLondoners?A．Dailyentertainments.B．Futureplans.C．Personalrelationships.D．Annualincomes.B[2023·浙江省高三第一次適應(yīng)性考試]Aroundtheglobefarmorebirdspeciesarelosinggroundthangaining,accordingtoanexpansivereviewofahalf-centuryofbirdpopulationresearchpublishedinthejournalAnnualReviewofEnvironmentandResourcesinMay.Thereview,entitledTheStateoftheWorld'sBirds,showedthatmorethan5，200differentspeciesofbirds—justshyofhalftheworld'stotal—areknownorsuspectedtobedeclining.Around3，800speciesarerelativelystable,andfewerthan700speciesshowincreases.AmongbirdsontheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies,almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)—fivetimesmorethanthenumberofbirdspecieswithanIUCNstatusthathaschangedforthebetter.“Afterdocumentingthelossofnearly3billionbirdsinNorthAmericaalone(accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalScience),itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally，”saysreviewcoauthorKenRosenberg,aconservationscientistnowretiredfromtheCormellLabofOmithology.Thereviewpointstodisappearinganddegradedhabitat—resultingfromclimatechange,urbanization,agriculturalintensification,andinternationaltrade—astheleadingdriverofbirddeclinesworldwide.Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcouldavert60%oflikelyextinctions.LeadauthorAlexanderLees,aresearchassociateattheCormellLab,alsopointstotheneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.“Lossanddegradationofhabitatisoftendrivenbydemandforresources，”saysLees.“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”4．InwhatorderarethreatenedspeciesarrangedontheIUCN'sRedList?A．Speciesquantity.B．Livinghabitat.C．Decliningrate.D．Conservationstatus.5．HowdoesKenRosenbergfeelwhensayingthewords?A．Hopeful. B．Relieved.C．Doubtful. D．Concerned.6．Whatdoestheunderlined“avert”meaninParagraph4?A．Prevent. B．Increase.C．Cause. D．Face.7．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Extrareasonsforbirdextinction.B．Possiblesolutionstohabitatloss.C．Substantialchangesinhumanbehavior.D．Theprospectofbiodiversityloss.[答題區(qū)]題號1234567答案Ⅱ.完形填空[2023·山東省百師聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考]MissBaughwasthekindofteacherthateveryonehadatleastonce：scary.Shetoleratednononsense.Shedrilledusandgrilledusandtaughtustotake__1__seriously.ButIhadmyownlifeoutsideofschoolandhadjustdiscoveredaprop(道具)for__2__：aninkbottlepaintedtolookasthoughithadoverturned.OfallthepeopleIcouldhavetricked,__3__IchoseMissBaugh.Beforeclass，Iopenedherbookandplacedthebottleononeofthepages，proudlynotingthatittrulydidlooklikespilledink!ThenIwaitedforthefun.Iwasn't__4__.WhenMissBaughsawtheoverturnedbottle.sheletoutalittle__5__.ButimmediatelyMissBaughdiscoveredthe__6__.Shepickedupthebottleandexaminedit.Shelookedup.Hereyes__7__theclassroomwithadeadlylook.Someofmyclassmatescarefully__8__lookingatme，soasnottogivemeaway.“Whodidthis？”askedshe.Iquietly__9__myhand.AllofmylifeI'vebeeneducatedtobehonest.Icouldn'thelp__10__.Besides，Iwantedmybottleback.MissBaughfixedmewithastarethatstruck__11__inmyheart.Andthen，most__12__，shelaughed.“Well，itcertainly__13__me！”shesaid，andreturnedthebottletome.Butsomethinghadchanged—forme，anyway.Icametounderstandthat，ifeventhe__14__ofMissBaughhadawarmhumanbeingbeneaththatstrictlook，thenotherstrictpeopleprobablydo，too.AndI'vehappilyprovedthat__15__manytimesinmylife.1．A.school B．placeC．a(chǎn)ction D．life2．A.plays B．showsC．parties D．tricks3．A.normally B．luckilyC．strangely D．extremely4．A.amused B．disappointedC．discouraged D．a(chǎn)nnoyed5．A.cry B．callC．sigh D．relief6．A.secret B．causeC．truth D．result7．A.swept B．warnedC．reminded D．forced8．A.missed B．hatedC．started D．a(chǎn)voided9．A.waved B．heldC．pressed D．raised10．A.showingup B．owningupC．breakingup D．comingup11．A.terror B．surpriseC．silence D．shame12．A.undoubtedly B．unfortunatelyC．unexpectedly D．uncertainly13．A.fooled B．contactedC．a(chǎn)mazed D．inspired14．A.threats B．1ikesC．quality D．success15．A.principle B．practiceC．theory D．law[答題區(qū)]1～5________6～10________11～15________課時作業(yè)(二十一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要說明了游覽倫敦的一些建議。1．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“London,withcountlessfamoussitesandallmanneroffood,drink,shopping,history,andculture,isdefinitelyawonderfulcitytovisit.”結(jié)合文章主要說明了游覽倫敦的一些建議可推知，文章可能選自旅行指南。2．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“whilewinterisbeautifulandfestiveforthoselookingtogettheirfillofChristmasmarketsandtraditionalcheer.”可知，對于喜歡熱鬧氣氛的人來說，游覽倫敦的最佳時間是冬天。3．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Instead,talkaboutthingslikemovies,TVshows,books,yourtravels,andthelike,insteadofworkorfamily.”可知，日常娛樂主題適合和倫敦人開始對話。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章根據(jù)今年5月發(fā)表在《環(huán)境與資源年度評論》雜志上的一篇對半個世紀(jì)鳥類種群研究的綜述稱，在全球范圍內(nèi)，失去的鳥類物種遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于增加的鳥類物種。這篇題為《世界鳥類狀況》的綜述顯示，超過5200種不同的鳥類——略少于世界鳥類總數(shù)的一半——已知或懷疑正在減少。文章主要對鳥類保護(hù)展開了說明。4．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)”可知，世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟紅色名錄上的瀕危物種是按保護(hù)狀況排列的。5．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally”可知，肯·羅森伯格說這句話感到擔(dān)憂。6．答案與解析：A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcould”以及后文“60%oflikelyextinctions”可知，在一份充滿希望的報告中，作者引用了2020年的一項(xiàng)研究，該研究表明，只要恢復(fù)世界各地重點(diǎn)地區(qū)5%的棲息地，就可以阻止60%的可能滅絕。故畫線詞意思是“阻止”。7．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“theneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.”以及“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”可知，最后一段主要講的是棲息地喪失的可能解決辦法。Ⅱ.完形填空【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。一個是班里同學(xué)都害怕的老師，一個是喜歡惡作劇的作者，通過這次惡作劇使作者認(rèn)識到了嚴(yán)厲的外表后也有有愛心的一面。1．答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文“MissBaughwasthekindofteacherthateveryonehadatleastonce:scary”可知，MissBaugh是個大多數(shù)人都會遇到的一類老師，老師會教導(dǎo)我們認(rèn)真學(xué)對待學(xué)習(xí)。2．答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文“aninkbottlepaintedtolookasthoughithadoverturned”可知，作者這里是想愚弄老師，所以發(fā)現(xiàn)一個可以做惡作劇的道具。3．答案與解析：C根據(jù)第一段“MissBaughwasthekindofteacherthateveryonehadatleastonce:scary.”可知，鮑小姐讓人懼怕，因此要盡量不找麻煩，但是這里作者選擇戲弄老師，所以做了一件不尋常的奇怪的事。4．答案與解析：B根據(jù)下文“WhenMissBaughsawtheoverturnedbottle.sheletoutalittle__5__.”可知，惡作劇之初，作者騙到了老師。5．答案與解析：A根據(jù)“l(fā)etoutcry”(叫了出來)可知，老師被騙到以為墨水灑了，所以會驚恐大叫。6．答案與解析：C根據(jù)下文“Shepickedupthebottleandexaminedit.”可知，老師拿起了瓶子說明發(fā)現(xiàn)真相。7．答案與解析：A句意：她用嚴(yán)厲的目光掃視著教室。A.swept掃；B.warned警告；C.reminded提醒；D.forced逼迫。根據(jù)下文“withadeadlylook.”可知，老師發(fā)現(xiàn)是學(xué)生惡作劇，會變得嚴(yán)厲，因此會用嚴(yán)厲的目光掃視全班，找出誰在惡作劇。8．答案與解析：D句意：我的一些同學(xué)小心翼翼地避免看我，以免暴露我。根據(jù)下文“soasnottogivemeaway.”(以免暴露我)可知，同學(xué)們知道是我，不看我，為了不泄露我。9．答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文“All