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考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年瀘州市敘永縣全真模擬試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MarkTwainsaidthat"habitishabit,andnottobeflung(扔)outthewindowbyanyone,butcoaxed(勸誘)downstairsastepatatime."Thechancesofsuccessfullychangingnegativebehavior1whenyoumakegradualchangesthatgiveyoutimeto2negativepatternsforpositiveones.Onanygivenday,countlessnumbersofusgetoutofbedand3tobegintochangeagivenbehavior"today."Whetheritbeexercisingmore,drinkingless,managingtime4orsomeotherchangeinanegativebehavior,westartoutwithhigh5Inashorttime,however,avastmajorityofpeoplefailandaresoondoing6itwastheythoughttheyshouldn'tbedoing.Afterconsiderableresearch,someresearchersbelievethatbehaviorchangesusuallydonot7iftheystartwiththechangeitself.8theybelievethatwemust9aseriesof“stages”toadequatelyprepareourselvesforthat10change.Onceyouhaveanalyzedallthefactorsthat11whatyoudo,youmustdecidewhichbehavior-changetechniquewillworkbestforyou.AccordingtothepsychologistAlbertEllis,most12problemsandrelatedbehaviorsarisefromirrational(不理性的)statementsthatpeoplemaketo13wheneventsintheirlivesaredifferentfromwhattheywouldlikethemtobe.Forexample,supposeafterdoing14onanexam,yousaytoyourself,“IcannotbelieveIfailedthateasyexam.Iamsostupid.”Bychangingthisirrational“catastrophic”self-talkintorational,15statementsaboutwhatisreallygoingon,youcanincreasethe16thatpositivebehaviorswilloccur.Positiveself-talkmightbe17asfollows:"Ireallydidn'tstudyenoughfortheexam.Ijustneedtoprepareforthenext18”.Suchself-talkwillhelpyoutorecoverquicklyfrom19andtakepositivestepstocorrectthesituation.Someothertechniquelikepurposefully20orstoppingnegativethoughtsandrefusingtodwellon(沉湎于)negativeimagescanalsospareyouwastedenergy,timeandemotionalresourcesandmoveontopositivechanges.1、A.decline B.remain C.disappear D.improve2、A.substitute B.cancel C.find D.ignore3、A.refuse B.determine C.hesitate D.a(chǎn)dvocate4、A.more B.better C.worse D.less5、A.values B.requirements C.expectations D.levels6、A.whichever B.however C.wherever D.whatever7、A.succeed B.fail C.exist D.fade8、A.Nevertheless B.Otherwise C.Instead D.Moreover9、A.lookthrough B.breakthrough C.gothrough D.pullthrough10、A.initial B.temporary C.instant D.eventual11、A.involve B.influence C.explain D.a(chǎn)djust12、A.emotional B.physical C.technical D.professional13、A.a(chǎn)ll B.others C.someone D.themselves14、A.poorly B.carefully C.completely D.slowly15、A.positive B.ridiculous C.negative D.explicit16、A.danger B.a(chǎn)wareness C.a(chǎn)mount D.probability17、A.written B.phrased C.listed D.captioned18、A.research B.test C.talk D.problem19、A.tiredness B.habits C.disappointment D.burdens20、A.recalling B.starting C.blocking D.holdingSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1UniversityofPennsylvaniaresearcherssaythatforthefirsttimetheyhavelinkedsocialmediausetoincreasesindepressionandloneliness.Theideathatsocialmediaisanythingbutsocialwhenitcomestomentalhealthhasbeentalkedaboutforyears,butnotmanystudieshavemanagedtoactuallylinkthetwo.Todothat,Pennresearchers,ledbypsychologistMelissaHunt,designedastudythatfocusedonWeChat,SnapchatandInstagram.Thestudywasconductedwith143participants,whobeforetheybegan,completedamoodsurveyandsentalongphotosoftheirbatteryscreens,showinghowoftentheywereusingtheirphonestoaccesssocialmedia."Wesetouttodoamuchmorecompletestudywhichattemptstoimitatereallife."Huntsaid.Thestudydividedtheparticipantsintotwogroups:Thefirstgroupwasallowedtomaintaintheirnormalsocialmediahabits.Theother,thecontrolgroup,wasrestrictedto10minutesperdayonsocialmedia.Therestrictionswereputinplaceforthreeweeksandthentheparticipantsreturnedandweretestedforoutcomessuchasfearofmissingout,anxiety,depressionandloneliness.Theresultsshowedaveryclearlinkbetweensocialmediauseandincreasedlevelsofdepressionandloneliness."Usinglesssocialmediathanyounormallydowouldleadtosignificantdecreasesinbothdepressionandloneliness,"Huntsaid.SocialmediainviteswhatHuntcalls"downwardsocialcomparison.""Whenyou'reonline,itcansometimesseemthateveryoneelseiscoolerandhavingmorefunandincludedinmorethingsandyou'releftout,"Huntsaid.Andthat'sjustgenerallydiscouraging."Everyminuteyouspendonlineisaminuteyouarenotdoingyourworkornotmeetingafriendfordinnerorhavingadeepconversationwithyourroommate."Andthesereallifeactivitiesaretheonesthatcanencourageself﹣esteemandself﹣worth,Huntadded."Peopleareontheirdevices,andthat'snotgoingtochange,"shesaid.Butasinlife,abitofcontrolgoesalongway.1、Beforethestudywasconducted,theparticipantscompletedasurveyto.A.imitatepeople'sreallifeB.linklonelinesstodepressionC.showtheiruseofsocialmediaD.provesocialmediaisimportant2、Theresultsofthestudyshowedusinglesssocialmediawouldresultin.A.people'sfearofmissingoutB.higherlevelsofdepressionC.obviousreliefinlonelinessD.lowerlevelsofhappiness3、InHunt'sopinion,whichactivitybenefitsmoretomentalhealth?A.Hikingoutwithfriends.B.Makingcomparisonwithothers.C.Playingcomputergamesinsparetime.D.Loggingontosocialmediaandhavingfun.4、Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AStudyonSocialMedia.B.HowtoImproveMentalHealth.C.PeopleAddictedtoSocialMedia.D.SocialMediaInfluencesMentalHealth.Text2Itsoundsalmosttoogoodtobetrue,butanewstudyonsleepingbrainssuggeststhatlisteningtolanguageswhileyousleepcanactuallyhelpyoutolearnthem.Forthestudy,researchersplayedrecordingsofforeignwordsandtheirtranslationstosubjectsenjoyingslow-wavesleep,astagewhenapersonhas1ittleconsciousnessoftheirenvironment.Toensurethattheresultswerenotcompromisedbyforeignlanguagewordsthatsubjectsmayhavehadsomecontactwithatsomepointintheirwakinglives,researchersmadeuptotallynonexistentforeignwords.Whenthesubjectswokeup,theywerepresentedwiththemade-upwordsagainwithouttheirtranslations.Thesubjectswerethenaskedtoimaginewhetherthismade-upwordindicatedanobjectthatwaseithersmallerorlarger.Thisvague(模糊的)wayoftestingtheirunderstandingofthewordsisanapproachthatissupposedtotapintotheunconsciousmemory.Unbelievably,thesubjectswereabletocorrectlyclassifythewordsinthiswayatanaccuracyratethatwas10percenthigherthanrandomchance.That’snotaratehighenoughtohavethemsuddenlycommunicatinginaforeigntongue,butitisenoughtosuggestthatthebrainisstillabsorbinginformationonsomelevel,evenduringsleep.Researchershavelongknownthatsleepisimportantformemory,butpreviouslyitsroleinmemorywasthoughttorelateonlytothepreservationandorganizationofmemoriesacquiredduringwakefulness.Thisisthefirsttimethatmemoryformationhasbeenshowntobeactiveduringsleep.Inotherwords,ourbrainsarelisteningtotheworld,andlearningaboutit,evenwhenourconsciousselvesarenotpresent.Thenextstepforresearcherswillbetoseeifnewinformationcanbe1earnedquickerduringwakefulnessifitwasalreadypresentedduringsleep.Ifso,itcouldforeverchangehowwetrainourbrainstolearnnewthings.Sleeplearningmightbecomeawidespreadpractice.1、Whydidresearchersusesomemade-upwordsinthestudy?A.Toguaranteetheaccuracyofthetestresult.B.Toincreasethedifficultyoftestinginformation.C.Toavoidthesubjectscheatingintheexperiment.D.Totestifourbrainaregoodatlearningsomethingnew.2、Whatwerethesubjectsaskedtodointhestudy?A.Classifywhattheyheardbysize.B.Makeupawordtorepresent“l(fā)arge”or“small”.C.Repeatthewordstheyheardinthesleep.D.Imaginethemeaningsofthemade-upwords.3、Whatconclusiondidresearchersdrawfromthisstudy?A.Sleepisnecessaryforagoodmemory.B.Memoryformationgoesonduringsleep.C.Listeningduringsleepisgoodforourbrain.D.Learninglanguagesinsleephasbettereffects.4、Whatwillbetheresearchers’nextplan?A.Totrainpeoplehowtolearnduringsleep.B.Toprovetheexistenceofunconsciousmemory.C.Todigoutthereasonforunconsciouslearning.D.Tostudytheeffectofsleeplearningonconsciouslearning.Text3Imagineacatthatdoesnotneedsomeonetocleanupafteritkeepsanolderpersoncompanyandhelpsthemremembertotaketheirmedicine.ThatistheshareddreamofthetoymakerHasbroandscientistsatBrownUniversityinProvidence,RhodeIsland.Theresearchersreceiveda$3-million-dollarawardfromtheNationalScienceFoundationforaspecialproject.Theywanttofindwaystoaddartificialintelligence,orA.I.,toHasbro’s“JoyforAll”robotic.Thecathasalreadybeenforsalefortwoyears.Thoughpricedover1000dollars,itsoldquitewell.Itwasmeanttoactasa“companion”forolderpeople.Nowtheprojectisaimedatdevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.ResearchersatBrown’sHumanity-CenteredRoboticsInitiativeareworkingtodecidewhichactivitiesolderadultsmayneedthemost.Theyhopetomakethecatperformasmallnumberofactivitiesverywell.Suchactivitiesincludefindinglostobjectsandremindingthepersontotakemedicineorvisittheirdoctor.Theyalsowanttokeepthecostdowntojustafewhundreddollars.ItisanideathathasappealedtoJeanneElliott.Her3-year-oldmotherMaryDerrliveswithherinSouthKingstown.Derrhasdementia(癡呆).TheJoyforAllcatthatElliottboughtthisyearhasbecomeatruecompanionforDerr.ThecatstayswithDerrandkeepshercalmwhileElliottisatwork.Elliottsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertoremembertotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenshewalkswouldbegreater.Theresearchersaretryingtolearnhowtheimprovedcatswillcompletehelpfulactivitiesandhowtheywillcommunicate.Theysaythattheydonotwantatalkingcat,however.Insteadtheyaretryingtodesignacatthatcanmoveitsheadinaspecialwaytosuccessfullycommunicateitsmessage.Intheend,theyhopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanandthecatinwhichthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnessamongelderlypeople.1、What’sthepurposeoftheproject?A.Torelievethepainoftheelderly.B.Topromotethesalesofamedicine.C.Toinventaroboticcatfortheelderly.D.Tohelpmaketheroboticcatsmarter.2、Comparedwiththeoldmodel,thenewroboticcatwillbe.A.smallerB.cheaperC.moretalkativeD.moreexpensive3、WhatdoesParagraph3intendtotellus?A.Thecatgivesmuchhelptotheelderly.B.Themorefunctionsofthecat,thebetter.C.Thereisnocurefordementiaatpresent.D.MaryDerrwouldhavediedwithoutthecat.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Atalkingcatisquitepopularamongtheelderly.B.Feelingsofsadnessamongtheelderlyareunavoidable.C.Eachfamilycanaffordsuchacatinthefuture.D.Thefeelingofbeingneededisvitaltotheelderly.Text4Whenyou’reajuniorinhighschool,threelittlelettersquicklybecomelargerthanlife:SAT.Atthestartofmyjunioryear,Irealizedthattheenvironmentwaspackedwithcompetition.Surprisingly,thispressuredidn’tcomefromadults.Itcamefromtheotherstudents.Everyoneinmygradehadcollegeonthebrain.Togetintothecollegeofourchoice,weallbelieved,wehadtooutcompeteandoutscoreeveryoneelsewithlesssleep,becausetimeforsleepingwastimeyoudidn’tspendstudyingfortheSAT.Iletmyselfgetsweptupinthepressure.Mynewmottowas,ifIwasn’tineverysinglehonorlevelclass,Iwasn’tdoingenough.Iwasbad-temperedandIcouldn’tfocus.Istoppedtalkingtomyfriendsandmymom,andIcouldn’tfigureoutwhoIwas.Ididn’thavetheconfidencetoknowthatmyownpassionsanduniqueskillswerewhatwouldmakemestandouttocolleges.That’swhenIrealized:IamnotmySATscore.TryingtosticktowhatIthoughtcollegeswantedmaskedwhoIreallyam.IdecidedtorelyonmystrengthsandgetawayfromthecrazypressureIwasputtingonmyself.Insteadofforcingmyselfintohigherlevelsofmath,Itookonanextrahistoryclass.IlearnedhowtolovewhatIwasdoingandnotwhatIthoughtIwassupposedtodo.Ilearnedtoshineasanindividual,notafacelessmemberofthecrowd.AndIfoundthatnotonlywasthisbetterformyhappiness,butitalsomadememoreeffectiveandefficientwhenIstudied.Tome,individualitymeanshavingtheconfidencetodecidewhoIamandwhoIwanttobe,andanumberonapageisnevergoingtochangethat.Iammoresureofmyself,andmorereadytoapplyforcollege,thanever.1、Atthestartofthejunioryear,theauthordecidedtostudyfortheSAT________.A.toovercomethepressurefromotherhighschoolstudentsB.totesthowgoodshewasatstudyingcomparedtoothersC.becauseitwasexcitingtocompetewithotherstogetintocollegeD.becauseshewaseagertogetanadvantageoverothersinthecompetition2、Whendidtheauthorrealizesheshouldn’tjustcompeteforscores?A.Whenshegotineverysinglehonorlevelclass.B.Wheneverybodystoppedtalkingtoher.C.Whenshefoundshewasnolongerherusualself.D.Whensheforcedherselftotakeadvancedmaths.3、WhatcanyouinferfromParagraph5?A.Shetriedtoliveaswhoshewas,notjustastudentfocusingongrades.B.Shelearnedtoteamupwithothersandsogainedefficiency.C.Shemanagedtodowellinbothmathsandhistoryclasses.D.Shewantedtobenumberoneandnoonecouldchangehermind.4、Whichstatementbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A.Pressurebringsoutthebestinyou.B.Youwillstandoutbybeingyourbestself.C.Thingswillhappenwhetheryoulikeitornot.D.Lifeisjustamatterofdecisivetimes.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theworld’slongestcross-seabridge—Hongkong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB)openedonOctober24,1.TheGuardiandescribeditasoneoftheseven2.(wonder)ofthemodernworldTheHZMB,3.linksHongkongandMacaototheChinesemainlandcityofZhuhai,beganin2009andcostabout120billionyuanIt’sdesigned4.(have)aservicelifeof120years,20yearslongerthanmostbridgesAndit’snotonlyabridge,butalsoparttunnelandpartislandInonesection,thebridgeturnsintoa5.7kmunderseatunnelthat6.(pass)throughtwoman-madeislandsThetunnelis7.world’slongestunderseatunnelforroadtraffic,allowinglargeshipstocontinuepassingthroughtheseaareaabovethetunnelThebridge’sengineershadtotakemanyenvironmentalfactors8.considerationinordertoprotectthesurroundingenvironmentwhile9.(build)thebridgeChinesewhitedolphins,an10.(endanger)specieslivinginthisarea,wereaparticularconcernTheHZMBwillmake11.muchmoreconvenienttoshortenthetraveltimefromHongKongtoZhuhaifromfourhourstoabout45minutesBydrawinglocalcitiesandreligionsclosertogether,thebridgewillaidthearea’sdevelopment12.(great)ItisexpectedtodrivetheeconomicdevelopmentofHongkong,MacaoandnineGuangdongcitiesChina,whichtakesprideininventionsinancienttimes,hasonceagainshownitsability1.(change)theworldwithits“newfourgreatinventions”:high-speedrailways,electronicpayments,sharedbicyclesandonlineshoppingThe“newfourgreatinventions”areallrelatedtoChina’shigh-techinnovation(創(chuàng)新),2.improvedthequalityofpeople’slives“MywalletisnolongerinuseIcanbuyandeat3.Iwantsimplywithatapofmyphone,”saidLinJinlong,4.overseasChinesestudentfromCambodia,5.(add)that“evenpancakesellersareusingAlipay(mobilepayment)Wecanalsoorderfoodathome,anditisofgreat6.(convenient)IfIwereathomeinCambodia,Iwouldhavetogooutdoors”Thebikesthemselvesarenotnew,buttheoperatingmodelofbike-sharingisbased7.satellitenavigationsystem,mobilepayment,bigdataandotherhightechnologiesItis8.(increase)clearthatChinaisinnovatingandnolongercopyingWesternideasThisispartlybecauseChinaskippedoverthePCageandwentdirectlytomobileChinahasthe9.(large)mobileuseintheworldIntermsofthe“newfourgreatinventions”,CharlieDai,principalanalystofAmericanmarketresearchcompanyForrester,said,“Theseproductsandservice10.(improve)customerexperiencesofar,improvingnationalandglobaleconomyatthesametime”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Teacherslovetoputstudentsintoteams.1、Why?Becausetheyknowtheresponsibleteammemberswillcomethroughforagoodgrade.Ifyouareteamedupwithastudentwhoislazy,theworstthingyoucandoisletitgetyoudown.2、anditmightcreateapositivechangeinyourpartner!Trythesetipsforworkingwithaslacker(懶蟲(chóng)).●Beexcitedandprovideagoodexample.Yourslackermaybeagoodpersonwhohasdevelopedbadworkhabits.Youmaybeabletoteachyourpartnersomevaluableskillsforasuccessfulfuture.●Thinkrewards!3、Forinstance,youcouldpromisetomakecupcakesforthenextworkmeetingandencourageyourpartnertobringagoodsnack.●Makesometimetositwithyourpartnerandestablishasetofworkrulesanddeadlines.Don’tquarrel,though.Makeitclearthatyouwouldliketoestablishrulestokeepyoubothontrack.4、Keeparecordofyourrules,yourinitialmeetings,andyourwork.Whenitbecomesobviousintherecordsthatyou’redoingallthework,talkwiththeslacker.5、A.Don’tlettheangerandpaindefeatyou.B.Comeupwithagreatrewardformeetingsomegoal.C.Instead,takesomestepstoencourageyourpartnertowork.D.Unavoidablyoneormorememberswilltrytodonothing.E.Startoutbygivingyourpartneracleartaskwithadeadline.F.Showhim/hertheevidenceandsuggestheorshepickupthepace.G.Thinkaboutthefutureandthefactthatyouaregoingtoberewarded.HowtotestbestIt’sbacktoschool,whichmeansit’

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