考研《英語一》2023年甘肅省慶陽市華池縣考前沖刺試卷含解析

考研《英語一》2023年甘肅省慶陽市華池縣考前沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Jean'sfatherwasafarmplanepilotinthelittlefarmingcommunityinNorthernCaliforniawhereshewasraised,and1Jeanwastotallyattractedbyairplanesandflying.Inhersenioryearofhighschool,herEnglishteacherwasMrs.DorothySlaton.Mrs.Slatonwasa2,demandingteacherwithhighstandardsandalow3forexcuses.Sherefusedtotreatherstudentslike4,insteadexpectingthemtobehavelikethe5adultstheywouldhavetobetosucceedintherealworldaftergraduation.Jeanwas6ofheratfirstbutgrewtorespectherfirmnessandfairnessgradually.OnedayMrs.Slatongavetheclassawritten7"Whatdoyouthinkyou’llbedoing10yearsfromnow?”Jean’sdreamwastobeapilotlikeherfather,butastheyearswentby,shehadbeenbeatendownbythe8andnegativewordsshegotwhenevershetalkedabouthercareer,sosheunwillinglygaveitupandwrotesomethingelse.Mrs.Slatoncollectedthepapersandnothingmorewassaid.Twoweekslater,theteacherhandedbacktheassignments,9thestudentstofaceitdownonthedesk,andaskedthisquestion:"Ifyouhadenoughfinancesandunlimited10,whatwouldyoudo?Pleasewriteitonthe11ofyourpreviousassignmentpaper.”Whenthestudentsstoppedwriting,theteacherasked,"Howmanyofyouwrotethesamethingon12sidesofthepaper?"Notonehandwentup.ThenextthingthatMrs.SlatonsaidchangedthecourseofJean’slife.Theteacherleanedforward13herdeskandsaid,"Ihavealittlesecretforyouall.Youdohave14abilitiesandtalents.Youdohaveaccesstothefinestschools,andyoucanarrangeplentyoffinancesifyouwantsomething15enough.Thisisit!Whenyouleaveschool,16youdon’tgoforyourdreams,noonewilldoitforyou.Youcanhave17youwantifyouwantitenough.”WhatherteachersaidtouchedJeansomuch!Inthefollowingyears,shetriedherbesttorealizeherdreamofbecomingapilot.Althoughitdidn’thappen18,shefinallybecameoneofthefirstthreefemalepilottraineesever19byUnitedAirlines.Today,JeanHarperisaBoeing737captain.Itwasthepowerofonewell-placed20wordthatgavethatuncertainyounggirlthestrengthandfaithtopursueherdream.1、A．so B．therefore C．besides D．otherwise2、A．hard-working B．kind C．strict D．lazy3、A．interest B．tolerance C．courage D．help4、A．children B．boys C．girls D．students5、A．responsible B．notable C．knowledgeable D．capable6、A．bored B．frustrated C．tired D．scared7、A．homework B．a(chǎn)ssignment C．paper D．lecture8、A．a(chǎn)pproving B．inspiring C．indifferent D．discouraging9、A．requiring B．suggesting C．demanding D．hoping10、A．work B．chances C．money D．problems11、A．title B．back C．right D．front12、A．same B．different C．neither D．both13、A．in B．on C．over D．under14、A．limited B．unlimited C．countable D．reasonable15、A．hardly B．badly C．impossibly D．likely16、A．if B．unless C．whether D．until17、A．that B．what C．which D．when18、A．overnight B．someday C．theotherday D．fortnight19、A．realized B．received C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．a(chǎn)ccomplished20、A．encouraged B．sensitive C．meaning D．positiveSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1AnexplosiononThursdaykilledoneandinjured21inabusystreetinTongren,SouthwestChina’sGuizhouProvince.Thebombwashiddeninarubbishbininthecity’scommercialhub（商業(yè)中心），wherelotsofshopsandrestaurantsareconcentrated.Theear-splittingblastwasheardaround12∶50p.m.，saidalocalnewspaper,citingwitnesses.Thepoweroftheblastshattered（使粉碎）nearbyshopwindowsandrippedthestainless（不生銹的）steelrubbishcantopieces.Onepasser-by，identified（確認(rèn)）onlyasZhang，saidshewasshockedbythenoiseandsawalotofpedestrianslyingonthegroundwhenshegottothescene.Thirteenoftheinjuredweretakentoalocalhospitalaftertheexplosion.Adoctortheresaidfivewereinseriousconditionbutalreadyoutofdangerafteremergencytreatment.TheotherswerejustslightlyThecauseoftheexplosionisstillunderinvestigation,saidanofficerwiththeTongrenpolice,butrefusedtospeculateastothecause.1、444．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A．AlltheinjuredweretakentoahospitalB．8oftheinjuredwerenottakentoahospitalC．TherubbishbinwithabombwasinarestaurantD．Therubbishbinwithabombwasinashop2、446．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Onepasser-by,identifiedonlyasZhang,sawthemanthrowingabombintoabin.B．Somecustomersinrestaurantswereinjured.C．Thewriterdidn’tgettothescene.D．Allcustomersinshopsgothurt.3、448．Inthelastparagraphtheunderlinedword“speculate”probablymeans________.A．tellB．guessC．discussD．talk4、450．Whatofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．BombHiddeninaRubbishBinB．TheCauseoftheExplosionC．ATerribleThingD．MarketBlastKills1,Injures21Text2DNAanalysishasrevealedfamilyrelationshipsbetweenmorethan10generationsofStoneAgepeopleatmegalithic(巨石的)tombsinIrelandandSweden.Theevidencesuggeststhatmegaliths,prehistoriclargestonestructures,sometimesactedasgravesforfamilygroupsinnorthwesternEuropethousandsofyearsago.Thelatestfindingsthrownewlightontheoriginsandsocialstructureofthegroupsthatbuiltmegalithsinthisregion—ahistorythathaslongbeenhiddeninmystery.Fortheirstudy,theinternationalteamofresearchersanalyzedthegenomes—thecompletesetofgeneticmaterialinacell—of24StoneAgeindividualsfromfivemegalithicburialsitesinIreland,ScotlandandGotland,alargeSwedishislandintheBalticSea.Thisanalysisshowedthatmanyoftheindividualsburiedateachmegalith,whoalllivedbetween3,800B．C．a(chǎn)nd2,600B．C．,accordingtoradiocarbon-datingoftheirremains,werecloselyrelatedviafamilyties.TheresultsalsoshowedthattheindividualsburiedatthemegalithswererelatedtoNeolithicfarmersinnorthernandwesternEuropebutgeneticallydistinctfromotherhunter-gatherers.ThiswasparticularlynoticeableattheAnsarvesiteontheislandofGotland.“ThepeopleburiedintheAnsarvetombareremarkablydifferentonageneticlevelcomparedtotheindividualsdugoutfromhunter-gathercontexts,showingthattheburialtraditioninthismegalithictomb,whichlastedforover700years,wasperformedbydistinctgroupswithrootsintheEuropeanNeolithicexpansion,”MagdalenaFraser,co-firstauthorfromUppsalaUniversity,saidinthestatement.1、What’sthesignificanceofthenewfindings?A．ItrevealsthefamilytiesbetweenpeopleinIrelandandSweden.B．Itimpliesthatmanypeopleburiedinthetombswerecloselyrelated.C．Itindicatesthelong-hiddenmysteryconcerningDNAanalysis.D．Itsuggeststhatthemegalithsbecametombsthousandsofyearsago.2、Howdidtheresearchersreachtheirfindings?A．Byinterviewingindividuals. B．Bytravellingtodifferentregions.C．Byanalyzinggenes. D．Bystudyingtheburialsites.3、Whichistrueaccordingtothelatestfindings?A．Somepeopleburiedinthetombswererelatedtofarmers.B．Fewpeopleburiedinthetombsweregeneticallydifferent.C．Allthepeopleburiedatmegalithshadfamilyrelationships.D．PeopleburiedintheAnsarvetombweredugout700yearslater.4、What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Megalithsservedastombsthousandsofyearsago.B．Peopleburiedatthemegalithswererecentlyanalyzed.C．Latestfindingsshedlightonamysteryaboutburials.D．Stone-AgepeopleinIrelandandSwedenhadcloseties.Text3Areyouscaredaboutmovinguptoseniorhighschool?Itcanbeanewexperience,butyoushouldn'tworry.We'veputtogetheraguideonhowtosurvivethefirstweek.You'renotaloneRemembereverybody_else_in_your_year_is_in_the_same_boat,youmaynotrealizeit,butthey'rejustasnervousasyouare.Movingtoseniorhighschoolisanopportunity,notaproblem.Thingsaredifferentandallyouneedtodoisbepoliteandlearnthenewrules.Teachersarereadytohelp!Ifyou'reunsurewhattodoorareworriedaboutanythingthenyouhadbetteraskforhelp.Teachersareprobablythebestpeopletoturntoasthey'reexperiencedinhelpingnewstudents.Someseniorhighschoolsalsohavea“friendssystem”.Ifyourschoolhasthis,thenyouwillbepairedwithanolderstudent.Theywilllookoutforyouandhelpyouifyouhaveanyproblemsorquestions.AllchangeTherearelotsofdifferencesbetweenjuniorhighschoolandseniorhighschool.You'llhaveahomeworkdiaryorastudentplanner.Youwillhaveyourlessonswithdifferentteachersindifferentrooms.Youwillhavehomeworkfordifferentsubjectsondifferentdays,somakesureyougetorganized.Makesureyouhaveacopyofyourschooltimetablewrittendownsoyouknowwhichroomsyourclassesareinandonwhichdaysyouwillhaveyourdifferentsubjects.OtherpointsIfyou'vegotanolderbrotherorsisterattheschoolthenaskthemforadvice.Beyourself!Itsoundssimple,butpeoplewillknowyoumuchbetterifyoujustactnaturally.Havingearlynightsmakesadifferenceandyou'llfinditeasiertogetupinthemorning!1、What’stheclosestmeaningoftheunderlinedsentence?A．OtherstudentshavetolearnboatingwithyouB．OtherstudentswillteachyoupolitenessandnewrulesC．OtherstudentshavesimilarfeelingstoyoursD．Otherstudentswillhelpyousolveyourproblems2、Whydothenewstudentsturntoteachersfirstwhenhavingproblems?A．TeachersareequaltoeverystudentB．TeachersaregoodathelpingsolveproblemsC．ParentsaretoobusytohelpthemD．Teacherswon'tblamethemasparentsdo3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．YoucanactinanaturalwayB．YoushouldgotobedearlyenoughC．YoumayaskyourolderbrotherforadviceD．Youmustfocusondressingproperly4、What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．TohelpnewstudentstogetusedtolifeinseniorhighschoolB．TotellstudentstheimportanceoflearningC．TomakeadifferencewhenmovinguptoseniorhighschoolD．TowarnstudentsnottoignorefriendshipinseniorhighschoolText4Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeupashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,anydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledge,wemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledge,wecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotentialresourcestobefound.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin–offsofspaceexploration.Thetechnicalimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystemshavelongbeenineffect.Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.1、WhatmightbethekeytothosequestionsmentionedinParagraph1?A．Humans’nature.B．Knowledge.C．Civilization.D．Potentialdangers.2、Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“spin-offs”underlinedinparagraph4?A．Applications.B．Shortcomings.C．Advantages.D．Gains.3、Inwhichsituationmaythistextbeappliedproperly?A．Aprivateconversation.B．Aclasspresentation.C．Acartoonpicture.D．Afashionreview.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HowKnowledgeBenefitsUsB．WhatHumansSpreadforC．WhytoExploreSpaceD．HowHumansSaveOurselvesPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)SinceJuly2019,China’sonlinefood-deliveryplatformEleme1．(carry)outanewserviceofpickingupgarbagefromitsusersinShanghaiTheservicecomesafter2．recently-releasedregulationonwastemanagementinShanghaiIndividuals3．throwawaytheirgarbagewithoutbeingsortedoutcanbefinedupto200yuan,whilecompaniesand4．(organize)canfacefinesupto50,000yuanThetrashtakeawayservicerequiresresidentstosort5．(they)owngarbagebeforeit6．(pick)upbyworkersfromEleme,whowillensurethewasteisdisposedofinthecorrectgarbagebinsIt’sobviousthatthisserviceis7．(convenience)totheold,especiallytothedisabledcustomers8．,manynetizensonSinaWeibodon’tthinkElemeisprovidingawonderfulservice,sayingitjustwants9．(make)moneyTheythink12yuanforanorderistoomuchBesides,manymorepeopledoubtifthesecollectorswillwashtheirhandsafterdealing10．thetrashInthe1830s,WilliamProcterandJamesGamblestartedasmallfactoryinCincinnati,inwhichcandlesandpiecesofsoap1．(produce)However,themarketforcandlessuddenlyfellasaresultofThomasEdison’s2．(invent)oftheelectriclightThesituationappearedtobehopelessforMrProcterandMrGamble,3．a(chǎn)naccidentsavedtheircompanyOnedayin1879,aforgetfulworkerforgot4．(stop)hismachinewhenhewenttolunchAlotofairmadeitswayintothemixtureInsteadof5．(throw)awaythemixture,hemadeitintosoapThesoapwascut,packedandshippedFilledwithairbubbles(氣泡),thenewsoapwas6．(light)thanwater7．(nature),itfloatedThesoapwasgiventhename“IvorySoap”To8．(they)surprise,MrProcterandMrGamblereceivedlotsofletters9．thebuyersforthat“accidental”soapTheywantedmoreof10．soap,whichfloated!YoumaywonderwhythatproductwassopopularInCincinnati,manypeoplebathedintheOhioRiverandthefloatingsoapwouldnevergetlostIvorySoapbecameabestsellingthingbecauseoftheworker’smistakeSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Nowadays，thereisatrendthatmoreandmorepeoplespendtheirholidaysinforeigncountries.1、Soreadourtraveltipsthataresimpleandpractical，andyoucanalwaysenjoyyourtravels.Onabusinesscard，writedowntheemergencycontact'sinformationandplaceitinyourwallet.2、Giveyouremergencycontactacopyofyourtravelplan，apassportdatapage，andthevisainformation.Giveeachpieceofyourluggageauniquelook：tieabrighthandkerchieftoahandleorpurchaseacoloredluggagetag.3、Ifyoudon'tspeakthelocallanguage，carryamatchbox，orabrochurewiththenameandaddressofyourdestination.4、Toavoidbeingatargetofcrime，don'tweareyecatchingclothing：dressconservatively(保守地)，anddon'twearorcarryobvioussignsofwealth(goldwatches，expensivejewelryandetc.)anddon'tcarrymorecashthannecessary.5、Tomakesureofasafejourneyandavoidsomeunnecessarytroublewhentravelinginforeigncountries，youcouldneverbetoocareful.A．Also，don'tacceptpackagesfromstrangers.B．Onceyourwalletisstolen，youcanletthemknow.C．Goodpreparationscanalwayshelpyououtaswell.D．Youcanshowittotaxidriverswhenaskingfordirections.E．Itwillbeeasierforyoutokeeptrackofyourbagfromadistance.F．Ofcourseeveryonewantshistravelstobetrouble-freeandenjoyable.G．Includethenameofanyonewhoshouldbecontactedinanemergency.Astrongmemorydependsonthehealthandvitality（活力）ofyourbrain.Theysaythatyoucan’tteachanolddognewtricks,butwhenitcomestothebrain,scientistshavediscoveredthatthisoldsayingsimplyisn’ttrue.1、.Giveyourbrainaworkout.Memory,likemuscularstrength,requiresyouto“useitorloseit”.Themoreyouworkoutyourbrain,th