考研《英語一》2023年重慶市永川市考前沖刺預(yù)測試卷含解析

考研《英語一》2023年重慶市永川市考前沖刺預(yù)測試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)IunderstoodChineseculturesonlyseenonTVandinbooksbutonlymadelittleheadwaylearningChinese.1,itdidnotmatter.Thepatience,generosityand2ofstrangersleftmepleasantlysurprisedwithBeijing.I3neededChineseOnmybirthday,forexample,Iwas4inthecity.EveryoneIknewwasoutoftown,soIdecidedto5adayofitmyself.Iwentshopping.Afterthreehappyhours,Iwentconfidentlyuptothe6andforaminute,I7everyonespokeEnglish.Butafter8myitems,thewomanbehindthecounterspokeinChinese,andallIcoulddowasstare9.Ithoughtshewasaskingcashorcard,soIpulledoutsomenotes,butshe10herhead.Westoodthereforafewminutes11anothercashiersaid,“Acoupleofyour12arepartofthesaleandcannotbeexchangedor13oncebought.”Anotherday,IwenttothepolicestationasIhadlostmywalletina14landDuringthat20-minutetalk,Irealizedtheeagernessand15ofpeople.SpeakinginamixofChineseandEnglish,theyoungpoliceofficerdidallhecouldtoputme16.Heknewthatasforeignerswewerenervousatthepolicestation,sohesmiledandspoke.Intheend,the17tookacoupleofhoursandthewalletdidnot18anymore.Ihadmadeafriend.Therearemany19andunforgettablememoriesofgettingbywithout20,butperhapswithoutthefriendshelp,Beijingmaynothavebeensoeasytonavigate.1、A．Lastly B．However C．Instead D．Thus2、A．sacrifice B．efforts C．warmth D．promise3、A．rarely B．basically C．completely D．totally4、A．still B．even C．only D．a(chǎn)lone5、A．make B．need C．do D．plan6、A．exit B．store C．counter D．hall7、A．realized B．recognized C．guaranteed D．a(chǎn)ssumed8、A．ringingup B．showingup C．a(chǎn)ssessing D．examining9、A．poorly B．helplessly C．quickly D．patiently10、A．waved B．nodded C．shook D．hung11、A．until B．a(chǎn)s C．a(chǎn)fter D．for12、A．expenses B．purchases C．supplies D．parcels13、A．a(chǎn)ccepted B．canceled C．returned D．broken14、A．foreign B．same C．different D．new15、A．happiness B．wisdom C．excitement D．kindness16、A．forsure B．a(chǎn)tease C．inorder D．inplace17、A．incident B．procedure C．question D．survey18、A．matter B．stay C．change D．return19、A．interesting B．a(chǎn)musing C．pleasant D．a(chǎn)dmiring20、A．cellphone B．policeofficers C．Chinese D．cashiersSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1MyhusbandandIwanteddesperatelytheinstanttransformationfromtypicalconsumerstoeco-consciouspeople．WeswitchedourlightbulbstoCFL(compactfluorescentlight)bulbstoconserveenergy．Wewentaboutthehouseturningofflightsandunpluggingappliancesthatweren’tinuse．Buttherateofglobalwarmingexceededoursnail’spaceconversiontogreenhood．SoIpressedonward．Idecidedtoputveganism(素食主義)atthetopofouragenda．Vegansrefuseanyanimalfleshorcommercialgoodsmadefromanyanimalbyproductssuchasmilkorfats．Allthefamilyapplaudedthisoptionexceptformyhusband．Somekindofanimalneededtosacrificeitsdearlifeforhismealoritwash’tdinner．Icookedupastorm，strugglingtopreparenutritiousmealsdominatedbynot-so-obviousvegandisheslikebeanburritosandhigh-fibervegetablestir-fry．Ittookafewdaysbeforeherealizedthathehadn’tbeeneatinganymeat．“Ifeellikeeatingbeef．”heannounced．Sothatnight，Itookfulladvantageofazucchini(一種南瓜)，cutitintochunky(粗大的)piecesandcookedthem．ThenIcoveredthemwithspices．Mybeef-starvedhusbandhadsomeandacuriouslookcrossedhisface．“Where’sthebeef?”“Livingpeacefullysomewhereonanopenplainwhereitbelongs．”“Iknewit”hemurmured．“You’vesurelymadegreatcontributionstotheboomincattle.”Histastebudsweredevelopedcompletelyaroundtheflavorofeverykindofanimal：cattle，pigs，deer，lamb，chickensandducks．Convertinghimwaslikefeedinggrasstoalion．I’mallforpreservingourplanet，butwhatgoodwoulditdotosavetheearthfortomorrow’sgenerationiftoday’sdiedofstarvation?Thenextday，wewentoutforburgers．Iwasverycarefultoplacethepaperbagintoourrecyclingbin．1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“exceeded”underlinedinParagraph1?A．Defeated． B．Absorbed．C．Bound． D．Distributed．2、Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’shusbandfromParagraph2?A．Hesupportedthemeat-freediet． B．Hewasapreserverofanimals．C．HewasregardedasameatLover． D．Heplayedadominantroleincooking．3、Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Shehadagoodsenseofhumor． B．Shesuccessfullytransformedherhusband．C．Sheadvocatedraisingmorecattle． D．Shehadaperfectrecipeforcookingmeals．4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HungerorAnger? B．DiscriminationorAppreciation?C．VegetablesorMarbles? D．GreensorLions?Text2JeremyBarasremembersthefirsttimeheeversawapop-uprestaurant.The26-year-oldentrepreneurwasonvacationinEnglandfouryearsagoandhadtolookupattheLondonEyeFerrieswheeltoseeit.Hangingabovehimwasacapsule(航天艙)fullofdinerswhowereservedanewcourseeachtimearevolutionwasmade.“Ithoughtthatwasthecoolestthingever”,hesays.Baras,whofoundedPopUpRin2012topromotetheideaofpop-uprestaurantsintheUSA,hasbeenstudyingthemeversince.Pop-ups,whichhavebeenaroundsinceatleasttheearly2000s,areopenanywherefromafewhourstoseveralmonths,buttheirdefiningfeatureisthattheyaretemporary.Theymaybeonlyatinypartofthe$709billionU.S.restaurantindustry,butpop-upshavegottenaboostinrecentyearsasalower-cost,lower-riskwayforentrepreneurstotestthewaters.Somerestaurantownersseethemasawaytorenewinterestinexistinglocations.Andsomestrugglingcities,likeOakland,California,haveturnedtothemtohelprevitalizelocaleconomiesimpactedbytherecession(衰退).Theconcepthasbeenespeciallypopularwithup-and-comingchefswhowanttotest-driveasamenuconceptwithoutinvestingafortuneinapermanentspace.“Yourcooksandchefsarereallytalented,butthey’restuckinthebackofsomebodyelse’skitchencookingsomebodyelse’smenu,”saysZachKupperman,chiefbusinessmanofficerandco-founderofDinnerLab.ChefsinDinnerLabcookinthemiddleofspace,giveabriefintroductionaboutthemenuandthemselves—andthenbravelylistentodinerfeedbackafterward.Pop-ups’temporarynaturealsoallowsrestaurateurstochargeadeposittomakesurethedinerswillshowup.Ofcourse,trendsinthefoodindustrycomeandgoquickly,andthereisnoguaranteethatdinerswon’ttireoftheconcept.Someentrepreneurshaveresortedtoevenweirderlocations—inaformerlimestonemine,say,oratthetopofacrane—tokeepcustomersinterested.“It’snotquitepartofthemainstreameconomyyet.”saysBaras.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“arevolutionwasmade”inParagraphOnepossiblymean?A．Chefsdesignedcreativedishes.B．Dinerstastedfoodinanewandcreativeway.C．Thecapsulecontainingdinersmadeacircle.D．Greatchangesweremadeinthefoodindustry.2、Perspectivechefsaredrawntopop-upsduetothefactthat________.A．pop-upsarebecomingincreasinglypopularwithdinersworldwideB．theyhavethedesiretoexploreasaferwaytomakealivingC．theirinvestmentinpop-upswillbringthemalong-lastingfortuneD．pop-upsprovideachangeabletestfieldfortalentedchefs’creativity3、Thewriter’spurposeofwritingthepassengeris________.A．toappealtopeopletodineoutinpop-uprestaurantsB．togiveabriefintroductionofpop-uprestaurantsC．towarnbusinessownersoftheappearanceofpop-uprestaurantsD．toforeseethefutureofpop-uprestaurants’developmentText3Doyoulistentothesongsthatyourparentslike?Chancearethatyoudon’t.YouprobablythinkthemusicthattheylikeisoldanddullandthattheSongsonyourplaylistaremuchcooler.Buthereiswhatscientistsfoundrecently:people’smusictasteschangeastheyage,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.Soit’slikelythatyourownmusicalpreferencewillfollowasimilarpathtoyourparents’whetheryoulikeitornot.Weusedtothinkthatcultureandpersonalityarctheonlyfactorsthataffectone’smusicchoice.ButresearchersattheUniversityofCambridge,UK,gathereddatafrommorethan250,000peopleoverthepast10years.Theynoticedthataspeopleage,theirsocialcircumstanceschange,andsodoestheirmusictaste.Therearethreemusicalperiodsthatpeoplepassthroughastheymature-intense”,“contemporary”and“sophisticated”.Thefirstperiodcomesintheteenagersyears,duringwhichtimepeoplelikeintensemusicsuchaspunkandrockbecauseteenagerstendtobeaggressiveandwanttoestablishtheiridentityasindependentindividuals.Butaspeoplemoveintoearlyadulthood,theirlifestylechanges—theysocializemoreandwanttobuildcloserelationshipswithothers.Asaresult,theybecomemorefondofcontemporarymusic,suchaspopandR&B,whichisusuallyupliftinganddanceableandplayedatpartieswherepeoplehangouttogetherandchat.Whenmiddleagecomes,thingshavesettleddownformostpeople.Thisperiodwillbedominated(支配)bymore“sophisticated”music,suchasjazzandclassical,aswellasmorecatchymusiclikecountry,folk,andblues.“Formany,thislifestageisfrequentlyexhaustedbyworkandfamily,andthereisarequirementforrelaxing,emotive(動情的)music,”JasonRentfrow,aresearchermember,toldThetelegraph.Butyoumustbethinking:“Aren’tthereoldpeoplewhoarestillintorockmusic?”O(jiān)fcoursethereare.ButRentfrowexplainedthattheirreasonsforlisteningtorockmusicmayhavechanged.“Weusemusicfordifferentreasons,”hesaid,andthusatthatagepeoplemaylistentoremindthemselvesoftheiryouths.1、Whydochildrenusuallylikedifferentsongsfromtheirparentsaccordingtothepassage?A．Childrenprefercoolmusic.B．Musictastechangeswithage.C．parents’songsarealwaysdull.D．Parentshavebettersocialcircumstances.2、Theunderlinedword“catchy”inParagraph7probablymeans________.A．touchingandeasilyrememberedB．a(chǎn)wkwardandeasilycapturedC．elegantbutdifficulttounderstandD．flexibleanddifficulttocatch3、Middleageisaperiodwhenpeople________.A．haveanaggressivegoalB．likePopandR&BC．desirecloseconnectionswithothersD．leadastressfullife4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Oldpeopledon’tlikerockmusic.B．Musiccanserveasareminder.C．Rockmusicmakesoldpeopleyounger.D．Listeningtorockmusicneedsreasons.5、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Whydopeoplelikemusic?B．Howcanyouimproveyourmusictalent?C．Whatinfluencespeopledmusictaste?D．Whydodifferentpeoplelikedifferentmusic?Text4TheCrownePlazaHotelinCopenhagenisofferingafreemealtoanyguestwhoisabletoproduceelectricityforthehotelonanexercisebikelinkedtoagenerator(發(fā)電機(jī)).Theideaistogetpeoplefitandreducetheircarbonfootprint.Guestswillhavetoproduceatleast10watthoursofelectricity—roughly15minutesofcyclingforsomeoneofaveragefitness.GuestsstayingatPlazaHotelwillbegivenmealticketsworth$36oncetheyhaveproduced10watthoursofelectricity.Thebicycleswillhavesmartphonesattachedtothehandlebarsmeasuringhowmuchpowerisbeinggeneratedforthehotel.Theplan,aworld-first,willstarton19Aprilandrunforayear.Onlyguestsstayingatthehotelwillbeabletotakepart.FrederikkeToemmergaard，hotelspokeswoman,said,“Manyofourvisitorsarebusinesspeoplewhoenjoygoingtothegym.Theremightbepeoplewhowillcyclejusttogetafreemeal,butgenerallyIdon’tthinkpeoplewilltakeadvantageofourprogramme.”Copenhagenhasalong-standingcyclingtraditionand36%oflocalscycletoworkeachday,oneofthehighestpercentagesintheworld,accordingtothewebsitevisitcopenhagen.dk.USenvironmentalwebsitetreehugger.comrecentlyvotedCopenhagentheworld’sbestcityforcyclists.“BecauseCopenhagenisstronglyconnectedwithcycling,wefeltthebicyclewouldworkwellasasymbolofthehotel’sgreenprofile(形象).”Ifsuccessful，theelectricbicyclemealprogrammewillbespreadtoallCrownePlazahotelsintheUK,thehotelsaidinastatement.1、Whatisthemainpurposeofthefreemealprogramme?A．Topromotethehotel’sgreenconcept.B．Tomakethecityknowntotheworld.C．Toattractpeopletothehotelrestaurant.D．Togetgueststostaylongeratthehotel.2、Howcanaparticipantgetafreemeal?A．Bybecomingaprofessionalcyclist.B．Bycyclingtoproducesomeelectricity.C．Bylinkingasmartphonetoabicycle.D．Bymonitoringhisorhercarbonfootprint.3、Whoaremostlikelytoenterfortheprogramme?A．Thepoorlocalpeople.B．Theenvironmentactivists.C．Health-conscioushotelguests.D．VisitorsfondofCopenhagenfood.4、AccordingtoParagraph3,Copenhagenhasoneoftheworld’s.A．bestchainhotelsB．greenestnaturalenvironmentsC．longestbikepathsD．highestratesofpeoplecyclingtoworkPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ihaverecentlyreturnedfrom1．extended26-daytriptoChinaImadetwoearliertripstoChinain2．Onmypreviousvisitsmytravel3．(limit)Beijing,ShanghaiandChongqingThistimeI,togetherwithmyfamily,wasabletovisitsomeofthemoreremotecitiesandholidaydestinations4．(miss)ontheprevioustripsandrevisitBeijingandShanghaitoobservethegreatchangesthereinjustfourshortyearsThemanycontradictionsand5．(struggle)withinChinatodayareveryimpressiveNoonecanignoretherichculture6．(date)backtoancienttimesischanginginthemodernageataspeedandscalethathasneverbeenwitnessed7．happensinChina,thethird8．(large)countryintheworldwith20percentoftheworld’spopulation,will9．(certain)shapetheimmediateanddistantfuturesof10．(we)allOnthisblogIwillbepostingatraveljournal11．photographsanddrawingsMarkedonthemaparethecitiesandvillagesIvisitedwhileinChinaAlbertEinstein,thegeniusbehindthetheoryofrelativity,hasrecentlybeenmakingheadlinesagainHowever,thistimeitisnotforanewscientificbreakthrough,1．forahandwrittennotehegaveabellboy95yearsagoInOctober1922,EinsteinwasdeliveringaseriesoflecturesinJapan2．hereceivedatelegraminforminghimthathe3．(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysicsThough4．(please)atthenews,theNobelwinnerdecidedtocontinuewithhisJapanesetripinsteadof5．(head)toStockholmtoacceptthehonorWhileinTokyo,hepenned6．noteinGerman,saying“Aquietandhumblelifewillbringmore7．(happy)thanthepursuitofsuccess”Perhapshehadnoloosechangetotipabellboycomingtodeliverthemessage,hegavehimthenote,andtoldhim,“Maybeifyouarelucky,thenote8．(become)morevaluablethanjustaregulartip”Earlierthisyear,thebellboy’snephewdecidedtohandittoJerusalem-basedWinner’sAuctions(拍賣)andExhibitionsThenotewasthenputupforauction,9．mightbringtheownerasurprising$10．56million11．a(chǎn)EuropeanbuyerItwasarecordforanauctionofadocumentinIsraelandthewild-hairedscientistdeserveditSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Weallhavetomakedecisionsallthetime,andwehaveanabundanceofchoices,rangingfromtinyissuestovitalones.Unfortunately,peopleoftenfindithardtomakedecisions.1、Ifyouwouldliketoimproveyourskillofdecisionmaking,herearefoursuggestionsforyou.Don’texpecttohaveitall.2、Youcan’tordereverydeliciousdishonthemenu.Andtherewillbepathsnottaken,careersnotchosen,tonameafew.Youcanimaginesome“whatif”situationsifyoumust,butdonotletthemtakeuptoomuchspaceinyourbrain.3、It’softengoodtothinkthroughyourdecisions.Butdon’toverdoit.Researchcanreachapointwherereturnsbegintoreduce,whichmakesitconfusingmorethanclarifying.Manygooddecisionscanbemadebasedasmuchonintuition(直覺)asoncarefulassessmentofendlessdata.Don’tdelaymakingdecisions.Yes,thereisatimetoputoffmakingadecision.Perhapsyouneedmoreinformation.4、Orit’slikelythatyouwaitforalessstressfultime.Justdon’twaitsolongthatthedecisionismadebyyourownindecisiveness.Don’tbehardonyourself.Youdecidetogoonavoyage.Youchooseanexpensiveliner.Everythingshouldworkoutjustright.Onlyyoudidn’texpectabugthatranaroundontheship,makingyouandyourfamilysickforfivedays.5、Butpleaserememberitisunavoidablesometimes.A．Don’tspendtoomuchtimethinking.B．Itisanimportantsourceofinformation.C．Youmayregretmakingsuchastupiddecision.D．Don’tcountonemotiontomakedecisions.E.Maybeyouwishtoconsultwithyouradvisor.F.Decisionsforceustoclosethedooronotherpossibilities.G.Thatmeanstheskillofgooddecision-makingcountsalot.ThemanwhocouldseethefutureTheabilitytopredictthefutureisararetalent.AmericanauthorIsaacAsimov(1920—1992),oneofthegreatsciencefictionwritersofhisage,hadsuchatalent.1、Nowthatwe’rehere,let’sseewhathegotright.2、Asimovthoughtcomputerswouldcausearevolutioncomparabletotheinduatrialrevolution