2021年高考英語（北京卷）基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)積累與運(yùn)用（原卷版）

2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語（北京卷）基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)積累與運(yùn)用完形填空基礎(chǔ)詞匯考查與積累takeatriphomebytrain_____________________oppositeamiddleagedman__________________sharpeyes______________onone’slap_____________adjustascarf_______________wearon_______________managetodo______________wave_____________stareat_______________dropoff______________grab______________inpanic_______________astonished______________bother_____________monitor(v.)_____________embarrassed______________drag_____________rock(v.)_____________alarm______________sorrow______________relief_____________confused_____________concerned_____________詞性轉(zhuǎn)換immediateadv._________________adjustn.________________angryadv._____________;n._____________noiseadj._______________realn.______________reliefadj.______________高考真題改編之語法填空Igotaseatoppositeamiddleagedmanwithsharpeyes，___________keptwatchingayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap．Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunity_____________(climb)outofthewindow,soIhavebeenwatchingallthetime.語法填空基礎(chǔ)詞匯考查與積累diverse______________asideeffect_______________sort(v.)______________link...to...______________o...______________eacross____________anelderlywoman____________wander____________aconveniencestore___________adramaticrise______________naturaldisasters_____________resultin_____________economicloss______________dueto_____________climate______________critical______________extremeweatherevents____________________詞性轉(zhuǎn)換pleteadv._______________diversen._______________experienceadj._____________connectadj.____________;n.____________safeadv._____________extremeadv._____________largeadv._____________globeadj._____________convenientn.______________losen._____________investn.______________preventn._______________majorn.______________findn.______________閱讀A篇基礎(chǔ)詞匯考查與積累inthefieldof...___________ideal______________holdamaster’sdegree__________applicant_____________agraduateprogram_____________assignment____________technicalinstitution_______haveagoodmandof_________officerelatedsoftware_________adaptto____________possessinterpersonalandmunicationskills_____________________obtain____________visa____________arrange_______________finance(v.)____________internship_____________medicalinsurance_____________proof____________aprehensivehealthinsurance_________________atargetcountry__________insurancecoverage______________upto______________indicate____________motivation_____________medicalcertificate_____________access(v.)_____________fillouttheapplicationform___________________athand____________respondto______________candidate_____________contact(v.)____________update______________fluent_____________getaccesstothedatabase____________________training____________詞性轉(zhuǎn)換applyn.______________requiren._____________adaptn._____________possessn._____________preparen.______________arrangen.______________locaten._____________medicineadj._____________entireadv._____________limitadj._____________selectn.____________;adj.______________fluentn._____________financeadj._____________insuren._____________respondn._____________motivaten._____________三．一詞多義(將下列斜體字的含義寫在橫線上)1.apply,原文：Whocanapply？誰可以申請(qǐng)？BythetimeIsawthejobadvertised,itwastoolatetoapply.______________Thediscountappliesonlytochildrenundertheageoften._____________Applythecreamtoexposedareaseverythreehoursandafterswimming._____________Youcansolveanyproblemifyouapplyyourself.______________原文：Applicantsarerequiredtopresentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution.申請(qǐng)者被要求呈遞一份來自于技術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)的信。Theypresentedasumofmoneytothecharitableorganizationtohelpthehomeless.____________Thisjobpresentsmanydifficultiestothenewrecruit._____________Everyonepresentweledthedecision._____________Thegamehasexistedinitspresentfromformorethan300years._____________Iamlookingforabirthdaypresentformymother,butIdidn’tfindanysuitable._____________Iamusuallytooimmersedtothepresenttoworryaboutthefuture.______________四．高考真題改編之語法填空1.Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork__________themanager.2.Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybefore___________(fill)outtheapplicationform.3.If__________(select)，youwillbecontactedbyamanager．五．寫作積累與練習(xí)YoushouldhaveagoodmandofeitherEnglishorFrench．你應(yīng)該熟悉掌握英語或者法語。Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofofficerelatedsoftware．你必須熟悉掌握辦公室相關(guān)的軟件。Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandmunicationskills．你應(yīng)該擁有強(qiáng)的人際交往技巧。練習(xí)1：熟悉掌握英語和辦公室相關(guān)軟件可以使你勝任這份工作。__________________________________________________________________________________練習(xí)2：我擁有強(qiáng)的人際交往技巧以及積極的人生態(tài)度，所以，我可以勝任這份工作。__________________________________________________________________________________閱讀B篇基礎(chǔ)詞匯考查與積累informsb.of/about...__________anonprofitorganization____________representative__________somewhat____________project______________supply____________withouthesitation___________rewarding_____________collectitems____________eventually______________losesightof______________focuson____________ithitsb.that..._____________getagoodgrade______________overseas____________inthebeginning____________makeadifference______________nowthat____________furtherone’seducation________initialplans_______________involve____________liveuptoone’sexpectations___________________image____________ment_____________influence______________underrateone’spotential_____________詞性轉(zhuǎn)換introducen._____________organizationv.______________impressadj.____________;n.____________detailadj.______________poweradj._____________hesitaten._______________varyadj._______________imaginen._______________realizen._______________beginn.______________三．一詞多義(將下列斜體字的含義寫在橫線上)affect原文：Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten．既然我們的項(xiàng)目結(jié)束了，我意識(shí)到我不僅影響了一個(gè)人的生活，而且是十個(gè)人的生活。Bothbuildingswerebadlyaffectedbythebigfire.______________Iwasdeeplyaffectedbythefilm.______________Thedroughtaffectedlocalfarmersandmarketgardeners._____________四．高考真題改編之語法填空1.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair（絕望）andneed___________Ijoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation．2.___________thebeginning，Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson．五．長難句分析WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected，ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild．閱讀C篇基礎(chǔ)詞匯的考查與積累academic(n.)______________soundawarning____________humanity____________engage_____________globalcollapse_____________widespread___________credible_____________survey___________foodinsecurity______________extremeweatherevents_________________freshwatershortage____________species_____________beunderway____________publicengagement____________pandemic_____________economiccrises____________virus___________shutdownnations___________safetynets_____________disastrously______________lacking_____________flexibility______________scholar____________beconcernedwith...___________identifytrend_____________civilization_____________originator_____________ecologicalfootprint__________concept____________measure_____________maintainagivenlifestyle___________________current_____________decade_____________onlyif______________consequence______________severity_____________disturbance______________ignore_____________turnout_____________victim_____________incurable_____________signtheletter_____________issue____________makethebestof______________troubling_____________original_____________relevant______________Assforthepublicawarenessof....___________________scared_____________prioritized______________詞性轉(zhuǎn)換openadv.______________riskadj._____________globeadj.______________especialadv.______________advanceadj.______________safen._____________warnn.______________totaladv._____________certainadv.______________possibleadv.______________discussn.______________harmadj._____________reducen.______________scienceadj._____________三．熟詞生義(翻譯句子，并寫出黑體詞的含義)Researchersinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas“acrediblescenario（情景）thiscentury”．project,____________翻譯：___________________________________________________________________________四．長難句分析1.Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespeciallygermaneinthismomentofstilluncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations．2.Notverylongago，itwasalsounthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility．閱讀D篇基礎(chǔ)詞匯考查與積累philosopher____________theorize______________vary_____________measure____________stateoftheart____________advancedphysics____________decisively____________whatif_____________intermsof_____________astronomy_____________relate...to..._____________ecology____________increasingly_______________beawareof..._____________reflect_____________conceptualize_____________anewapproach_____________circumstance_____________asaresultof_____________globalwarming____________flow______________besensitiveto_____________atthepresentrate_____________programme(v.)_____________onaverage____________aheadofstandardtime_________theoppositeeffects___________register_____________shorttermirregularity____________longtermtrend____________dynamic___________observatory____________reveal_____________witness____________opt_____________inharmonywith____________inrelationto____________atomictime____________encounter____________imbalance____________motivate___________counteract_____________consumefuel____________policy____________novel(adj.)____________naturalphenomena__________forinstance______________officialcalendar____________shiftdates_____________vital____________likewise___________inability____________define____________highlight______________adefinedcontext__________valid____________praiseworthy_____________presentanassumption___________________crucial____________definition_____________afixedframe_____________shape(v.)_____________詞性轉(zhuǎn)換famousadv._______________dependadj.____________;n.____________absoluteadv.______________consideradj.____________;n._____________balanceadj.______________totaladv.______________environmentadj._______________localadv.______________behaven.______________agricultureadj.______________surviven._____________awaren.____________admitn.____________meaningadj._____________assumen._____________arguen._____________三．熟詞生義(翻譯句子，并寫出黑體詞的含義)1.AlbertEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevariesdependingonwhereyoumeasureit．wrinkle,____________翻譯：________________________________________________________________________________2.Theclockregistersbothshorttermirregularitiesandlongtermtrendsinriverdynamics．register,___________翻譯：________________________________________________________________________________四．高考真題改編之語法填空1.We'renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers，___________aresensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmentalchanges．2.Thissortofobservatoryallowsus___________(witness)thosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.五．長難句分析It'sasortofobservatorythatrevealshowtheriversarebehavingfromtheirowntemporalframe（時(shí)間框架），andallowsustowitnessthosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.閱讀理解七選五一．基礎(chǔ)詞匯考查與積累anenjoyablepastime___________behindthescenes____________distractone’smind__________lowerstressandanxietylevels_____________________priorto___________validity____________assess_____________tie...to..._____________bloodpressure____________bloodsugarlevel____________whenitesto...__________tempo___________participant_____________monitorheartrates__________followsuit______________arangeofhealthissues_____________resultin_______________offthewall______________scientificbacking____________implication___________overallwellbeing____________individualized_____________詞性轉(zhuǎn)換enjoyadj.______________healthadj.______________benefitadj.______________similaradv._____________anxiousn.____________Europeadj._____________valueadj.____________scienceadj._____________impressadj.____________三．高考真題改編之語法填空1.____________(interesting)，themorecheerfulthemusicwas，thefastertheirheartrateswere．2.Whenthemusicslowed，theparticipants'stressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffects_________heartratesappearedtofollowsuit．四．長難句分析Whenitestohearthealth，thereisspeculation（推測(cè)）thatit'snotthestyleofmusic，butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth．五．寫作積累與練習(xí)1.Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed．在晚上，很多人睡前享受放松的音樂。isteningtojust30minutesofsoftmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels，throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety．每天就聽30分鐘輕柔的音樂可以通過壓力和焦慮的減輕，來促進(jìn)健康的血糖水平。Bydistracting（分心）themindfromthepain,music,peop