2019外研社版高中英語選修二 Unit 2 Improving yourself 知識清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀moderatorn.主持人detoxn.脫癮fundraisingn.募捐,籌款profilen.概況toweln.毛巾procrastinationn.拖延spitv.吐口水,吐唾沫h(huán)eadphonesn.(頭戴式)耳機(jī)binn.垃圾箱headlinen.媒體報道的熱門話題;標(biāo)題toothpasten.牙膏soapn.肥皂itemn.一件商品(或物品)unprecedentedlyadv.空前地jarn.(玻璃)罐子,廣口瓶lifelongadj.終身的likewiseadv.同樣地,相似地nailn.釘子重點(diǎn)單詞識記switchv.(用開關(guān))改變,轉(zhuǎn)換distractv.分散(注意力),使分心constantlyadv.持續(xù)不斷地;經(jīng)常地deadlinen.截止時間,最后期限appropriateadj.恰當(dāng)?shù)?合適的districtn.地區(qū),區(qū)域visionn.構(gòu)想,設(shè)想核心詞匯拓展securityn.平安,安全;安全措施→secureadj.安全的;可靠的;穩(wěn)固的motivatev.激發(fā),激勵→motivationn.動力,動機(jī)→motivatedadj.積極的;主動的occupyv.占用,占去(時間)→occupationn.占領(lǐng),占用;職業(yè)→occupiedadj.忙于……的;使用中的accessn.接觸的機(jī)會→accessibleadj.可使用的;可接觸到的;可到達(dá)的;易懂的relyv.(為生活或生存而)依賴→reliableadj.可信賴的considerateadj.替他人著想的→considerationn.仔細(xì)考慮;體諒;顧及→considerv.考慮;認(rèn)為promotev.促進(jìn),增進(jìn)→promotionn.提升;晉升;促銷clarifyv.澄清,講清楚,闡明→clarificationn.澄清,闡明necessityn.必需品;必然性→necessaryadj.必然的;必要的investv.投資→investmentn.投資額;投資;(時間、精力的)投入objectivelyadv.客觀地→objectiveadj.客觀的n.目的;目標(biāo)→objectv.反對;拒絕n.物體;對象equipv.使有知識和技能,使能夠勝任;裝備,配備→equipmentn.器材;設(shè)備核心短語速記switchon(用開關(guān))開,打開throwinthetowel認(rèn)輸relyon依靠,依賴maxout(錢)花光;(信用卡)刷爆incontrastto與……形成對比personalfinances(個人的)財務(wù)管理persuadesbtodosth說服某人做某事onreflection經(jīng)過仔細(xì)考慮beoccupiedwith忙于……missout錯失(機(jī)會);不包括,遺漏checkout核實(shí);查看;結(jié)賬離開stepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離barrierto……的障礙incontrolof控制,掌管thehereandnow當(dāng)下,此時此地putaside儲存;留出(一段時間);把……撇開不理,不考慮geographyn.地理學(xué)geometryn.幾何(學(xué))giftedadj.有天賦的;有才華的gloryn.巨大的光榮;榮譽(yù)graspvt.抓住;緊握;領(lǐng)會gratefuladj.感激的;感謝的greetingn.祝賀grievevi.感到悲痛,傷心vt.使傷心,為……而傷心groceryn.雜貨店groanvi.&n.呻吟,抱怨Noteatingfortwodayswouldhavebeeneasier!(wouldhavedone)讓我餓兩天可能還更輕松些！Tobehonest,Ididn’tfindthedetoxtoodifficult,butIdidgivemyphonetomydadtoavoidgivingin！(“do＋動詞原形”表強(qiáng)調(diào))說實(shí)話,我覺得社交媒體脫癮沒那么難,但為了讓自己不要半途而廢,我還是把手機(jī)上交給爸爸了。Afterreadingthepostsonthisforum,itseemsthatsomethingotherthanmoneyhasalsobeenraisedthroughthedetox.(itseemsthat...)看了論壇上的各個帖子,這次活動對人們的影響似乎遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止通過活動籌集到的錢。Insidethebagsarenecessitiessuchastoothpaste,soapandsocks,boughtfirstwithherpocketmoneyandthenthroughcrowdfunding.(介詞短語置于句首的倒裝句)包里面裝著一些生活必需品,比如牙膏、肥皂和襪子等。最初購買這些物品用的都是她自己的零花錢,后來則是通過眾籌購買。Howeverpeopleintendtousetheirmoney,managingitseemstobeunprecedentedlyimportanttoyoungergenerations.(however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)無論人們打算怎樣使用自己的錢,理財對于年輕一代來說似乎變得前所未有地重要。WhiletheSpendingjarisaboutthehereandnow,theSavingjargivesyouavisionforthefuture.(while表示“對比”)“消費(fèi)”罐子關(guān)注的是眼前和當(dāng)下,而“儲蓄”罐子則為你提供了未來的愿景。請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。appropriate,switchon,occupy,access,constantlyThedaybeforeyesterdayIheardastoryaboutaboywhowasoccupiedinplayingcomputergameswithheadphonesalltheday.Everydayfromdawntonight,helockedhimselfinhisroom,never2.switchingonthelight.Therewasnothingthatcoulddistracthisattentionfromcomputergames.Heneverwentoutuntilhehadtobuynecessities,letalonegoingtoschool.Forthisreason,hismothercried3.constantly.Topromotehisstudy,hisfathertookawayhiscomputer.Therefore,no4.accesstothecomputerwasgiventohiminhisfamily.However,hereliedonthecomputersomuchthathewenttothenetbartoplay.Unfortunately,hishealthbrokedownafterplayingcomputergameswithoutfood,waterorrestforthreedays.Fromthismatter,wecanlearnthatweshouldmotivateteenagerstoobjectivelylookonthecomputerasatoolanduseit5.appropriately.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯switchv.(用開關(guān))改變;轉(zhuǎn)換n.開關(guān);轉(zhuǎn)換switchoff關(guān)上(電燈、電視等);斷掉(電源)switchon打開;接通switchover轉(zhuǎn)變;轉(zhuǎn)換;換臺switchto切換到;轉(zhuǎn)到Whenyouarenotintheroom,allthelightsandthefanshouldbeswitchedoff.Hearrivedhomelateanddidnotswitchonthelightsoasnottodisturbhisfamily.隨著科技的發(fā)展,我們已經(jīng)改用手機(jī)銀行了。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,wehaveswitchedovertotelephonebanking.occupyv.占領(lǐng);使用,占用;使忙于;忙著(occupiedadj.已占用的;無空閑的;忙于……的occupationn.工作;職業(yè);占領(lǐng))occupyoneselfwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事keepsboccupied使某人忙碌beoccupiedwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事IsupposeIamlookingforanoccupation(occupy)whichmotivatesmetobepositive.Becausetheywereoccupiedinmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.Occupyingthemselvesinmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)Occupiedinmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)accessn.(接近的)方法;通路;機(jī)會;權(quán)利(常與to連用);可接近性vt.進(jìn)入;使用(accessibleadj.可接近的;可使用的;易懂的;隨和的)have/get/obtain/gainaccessto擁有……的機(jī)會;可以接近/進(jìn)入giveaccessto準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入/接近beaccessibleto可接近的;可靠近的;可使用的Thedeadlineofthecompetitionisaccessible(access)onthewebsitetothepublic.現(xiàn)在,隨著希望工程的實(shí)施,貧困地區(qū)的許多兒童有了接受教育的機(jī)會。NowadayswiththeHopeProjectcarriedout,manychildreninpoordistrictshave/get/obtain/gainaccesstoeducation.NowadayswiththeHopeProjectcarriedout,educationisaccessibletomanychildreninpoordistricts.equipv.配備;裝備;使有所準(zhǔn)備;使有能力,使能夠勝任(equipmentn.[U]設(shè)備,器材;配備,裝備)equip...with...用……裝備……equipsbfor(doing)sth使某人為(做)某事而準(zhǔn)備equipsbtodosth使某人具備做某事的條件beequippedwith配備有……(表狀態(tài))Itisclarifiedinareportthathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak(speak).我們學(xué)校配備有許多從國外購買的先進(jìn)設(shè)備。Ourschoolisequippedwithmuchadvancedequipmentboughtfromabroad.Heisequippedwithrichknowledgeandinterestingteachingmethods,somyEnglishteacherisverypopularamongusstudents.(應(yīng)用文寫作之人物介紹)→Equippedwithrichknowledgeandinterestingteachingmethods,myEnglishteacherisverypopularamongusstudents.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)relyon/upon依靠;依賴(reliableadj.可信賴的;可靠的)relyon/dependon/counton(doing)sth依賴/信任/指望(做)某事relyonsbtodosth指望/相信某人會做某事relyon/uponitthat...相信……;指望……Thosewhomotivateyouconstantlyarereliable(rely)friends.我最尊敬我叔叔,因?yàn)槊慨?dāng)我處于困境時,我都可以指望他給我一些實(shí)用的建議。IrespectmyunclemostbecauseIcanrelyonhimtooffermesomepracticalsuggestionswheneverIamintrouble.(relyonsbtodo)IrespectmyunclemostbecauseIcanrelyonitthathecanoffermesomepracticalsuggestionswheneverIamintrouble.(relyonitthat...)用法點(diǎn)撥介詞on后邊通常不能直接跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,需要用it作形式賓語再接賓語從句。Itseemsthat...Afterreadingthepostsonthisforum,itseemsthatsomethingotherthanmoneyhasalsobeenraisedthroughthedetox.看了論壇上的各個帖子,這次活動對人們的影響似乎遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止通過活動籌集到的錢。itseemsthat...似乎……seem(tobe)＋adj./n.看起來好像……seemtodo/tobedoing/tohavedone...看起來要做……/正在做……/已經(jīng)做了……Itseemsasif/though...看起來好像……Theenginejustwon’tstart.Somethingseemstohavegone(go)wrongwithit.隨著社會的發(fā)展,我們似乎正在失去很多傳統(tǒng)。Withthedevelopmentofsociety,itseemsthatwearelosingalotoftraditions.(it作形式主語)Withthedevelopmentofsociety,weseemtobelosingalotoftraditions.介詞短語置于句首的倒裝句Insidethebagsarenecessitiessuchastoothpaste,soapandsocks,boughtfirstwithherpocketmoneyandthenthroughcrowdfunding.包里面裝著一些生活必需品,比如牙膏、肥皂和襪子等。最初購買這些物品用的都是她自己的零花錢,后來則是通過眾籌購買。介詞短語以及表示地點(diǎn)、方位或時間的副詞位于句首時,句子要用全部倒裝。此時謂語動詞一般為be動詞或lie,come,go,stand等動詞,且句子的主語為名詞。形容詞或分詞位于句首也可用全部倒裝。如果句子的主語為人稱代詞,則不用倒裝語序。Inthemiddleofthewoodslies(lie)adeeplake,whereyoucanfindvariousfishes.Theyarrivedatanoldcastle.Abigcrowdofpeoplestoodinfrontoftheoldcastle.→Theyarrivedatanoldcastle,infrontofwhichstoodabigcrowdofpeople.(改為含有定語從句的倒裝句)Thedaysaregonewhenwomenrelyonmentomakealiving.→Gonearethedayswhenwomenrelyonmentomakealiving.(改為倒裝句)(2022·全國甲)Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,andIworriedthatTillyconstantlyclimbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.我每天帶狗出去四次,因此我擔(dān)心蒂莉不斷地爬樓梯會重新打開傷口。(2022·全國甲)Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues...研究人員表示,下一步要試圖弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是否完全依賴視覺線索……(2022·全國甲)CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmentalprotection.曹和吳還在沿路收集垃圾,以促進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)。(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)ThehostelsinRomeofferabedinadormroomforaround25$anight,andforthat,you’lloftengettostayinacentrallocationwithsecurityandcomfort.羅馬的旅社會提供單人間單人床,每晚收費(fèi)大約25美元。因此,通常你需要住在安全舒適的市中心。(2020·天津)Itencouragesustooccupyourownlittlecorner,toavoidfoolishleapsintothedark,tobesatisfied.它鼓勵我們占據(jù)自己的小角落,避免愚蠢地跳進(jìn)黑暗,使我們自我滿足。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙accessA.n.通道，道路B.n.機(jī)會，權(quán)利C.v.存取Notonlydowehavefreeaccesstobasketballcourses,butalsoourschoolholdsvariouskindsofsportscompetitions.BThefileswereaccessedeverydaytokeepthemuptodate.CTheonlyaccesstotheirhouseisalongthatnarrowroad.A快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。Webroughtinalittlemoreofourownvision.想象Wecouldseetheprofileofadistanthillifitisveryclear.輪廓Wehavemanyitemstodiscussinourmeetingtoday.項(xiàng)目;細(xì)目核心知識強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識Somepeopleregardshynessasabarriertocommunication,butthere’sevidencethatthiscanbebrokendowngradually.Onreflectionwedecidedtoputasideshort-terminvestmentandswitchovertolong-terminvestment.IwasdisheartenedtoseeIhadsomuchcredit-carddebt;Imaxedthemouttopayformytraining.Incontrasttomypreviousimpression,heisnotgoodatpersonalfinancesatall.Variedsitesarefreeandaccessible(access)toanyonewithanInternetconnection.Don’ttaketoomanyclothesandavoidheavybooksandelectricalequipment(equip).Hegotalicenceandoccupiedanimportantpositioninthecompanyincontrolofthenecessities.Asaconsequence,thenewpolicyhasbroughtaconstant(constantly)streamofvisitors.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)幫助做作業(yè)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)做家庭作業(yè)本來會帶來諸多便利。(wouldhavedone)DoinghomeworkwiththehelpoftheInternetwouldhavebroughtmuchconvenience.事實(shí)證明,利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)幫助做作業(yè)的確存在弊端。(“do＋動詞原形”表示強(qiáng)調(diào))IthasbeenproventhatdoinghomeworkwiththehelpoftheInternetdoeshaveitsdisadvantages.缺點(diǎn)之一是學(xué)生不能獨(dú)立思考。(完全倒裝)Amongthedisadvantagesisthatstudentscan’tthinkindependently.SomestudentsusetheInternettohelpthemstudy,whileotherschatonlinefortoolong.無論學(xué)生怎樣看待這個現(xiàn)象,我們都最好充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來的方便。(however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)Howeverstudentsthinkofthisphenomenon,wehadbettermakefulluseoftheconveniencebroughtbytheInternet.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]動作描寫motivatev.激發(fā),激勵occupyv.占用,占去(時間)distractv.分散(注意力),使分心throwinthetowel認(rèn)輸relyon依靠,依賴spitv.吐口水,吐唾沫promotev.促進(jìn),增進(jìn)clarifyv.澄清,講清楚,闡明maxout(錢)花光;(信用卡)刷爆equipv.使有知識和技能,使能夠勝任人物描寫considerateadj.替他人著想的objectivelyadv.客觀地incontrastto與……形成對比[續(xù)寫語料運(yùn)用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。一天,當(dāng)湯姆開車時,一些黃色的背心分散了他的注意力。那是一些致力于環(huán)保工作的志愿者正在清理路邊的垃圾。與那些在公共場所隨地吐痰和亂扔垃圾的人不同,這些志愿者激勵他做一些促進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)的事情。經(jīng)過仔細(xì)思考,他決定加入志愿者,畢竟美麗的環(huán)境依靠每個人的貢獻(xiàn)。Oneday,whileTomwasbehindthewheel,someyellowvestsdistractedhisattention.Itissomevolunteersdedicatedtoenvironmentalprotectionworkwhoarecleaningupthegarbageontheroadside.Incontrasttothosewhospitinpublicandlitterabout,thesevolunteersmotivatedhimtodosomethingtopromoteenvironmentalprotection.Onreflectionhedecidedtojointhevolunteerssincethebeautifulenvironmentrelyoneveryone’scommitment.詞形變化填空(每小題3分,共18分)Hehasadecentoccupationandoccupiesanimportantpositioninthecompany.Heisoccupiedwithhisworkeveryday.(occupy)Theoldmanconsidershisdaughter-in-lawconsideratebecauseshealwaystakeseverythingintoconsiderationwhenshedealswithfamilyaffairs.(consider)Fallenrockscutofftheonlyaccesstothevillage,soitisnotaccessibletotheoutsidenow.(access)Hehasclarifiedhisopinionindetailbutsomeonestillcan’tunderstandhisclarification.(clarify)Mostpeoplethinkacertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandgivepurposetolifeanditisgenerallya