2022屆 高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀之說明文基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練（三）

2022高考英語閱讀之說明文基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練（三）

（A）

DrivingtotheeastfromcitycenterofYinchuan,capitalcityinNorthwest

China'sNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,millionsofmidnightbluesolarpanels

wouldsuddenlycomeintoviewontheslopesofgullies,likeablueocean.

Allthatsunlightabsorbedbythemorethan2millionphotovoltaic（PV）panelsis

convertedintoelectricitythatflowsintothegrid（電網(wǎng)）,creatingtheworld'slargest

PVpowerplantandpowerscitiesacrossthecountry.Underthepanelsarealso

plantedgoji,whichwiththesolarparktogetherturnedtheoncedesertedlandintoan

"oasis"（綠洲I）andhelpedlocalstoleadbetterlives.Thenin2016,tomakefulluse

oftheland,overthegojiplantation,HuaweiSmartPVsupportedtheNingxia

BaofengEnergyGroupinbuildingasolarpowersystem,whichcanalsoconserve

energyandreduceemissions.

Throughtheefforts,thevegetationcoveragehasnowincreasedfrom30percent

to85percent,whichhasalsosignificantlyimprovedtheregionalclimate.Attheend

ofDecemberlastyear,comparedwithtraditionalcoalpowerstation,thesolarfarmis

estimatedtoreduceemissionsofCO2by2.047milliontons,equaltoplantingaround

89milliontrees.

Theaverageannualpowergenerationincomeisexpectedtobemorethan100

millionyuan,benefitingmorethan26,000poorhouseholdsin349lowincome

villages.Bytheendof2020,thepercapitadisposableincomeoffarmersinHongde

villagehasalreadyreached10,686yuan.

Asidefromtheeconomicbenefit,solarPVpowergenerationisalsooneofthe

top10targetedpovertyalleviationprojects（精準(zhǔn)脫貧項目）inChina.Since2014,the

countryhasmaderelevantplans,strengthenedpowergridbuildingandoperation

services,andpromotedvarioussolarphotovoltaicpovertyalleviationprojectsfunded

bythegovernmentandcarriedoutbyenterprises.

“Povertyalleviationisjustafirststep,wearehighlymotivatednow,andafter

fiveyears,youwillseeanevenbetterpicture/1alocalresidenttoldtheGlobalTimes

onTuesday.

1：Whatmainlymakesuptheblue-ocean-likeviewinthefirstparagraph?

A.Theregionalclimate.

B.Huawei-supportedPVpanels.

C.Massively-growngoji.

D.Government-fundedpovertyalleviationprojects.

2：Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?

A.Thesolarpowersystemisenvironment-friendly.

B.Thesolarpowersystemwillleadtoreducingplantingtrees.

C.Thesolarpowersystemwillreplacetraditionalcoalpowerstation.

D.Thesolarpowersystemisimprovingthevegetationcoverageslowly.

3.Whafsthelocals'attitudetowardsthesolarpowersystem?

A.Neutral.B.Objective.C.Inspired.D.Indifferent.

4：Whafsthebesttitlefbrthispassage?

A.TheSolar6Ocean,HelpsPeopleoutofPoverty.

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B.EnterprisesGoHandinHandwithLocalGovernments.

C.TheSolarPanels一theTestedBestSolutiontoPoverty.

D.OneoftheTop10TargetedPovertyAlleviationProjectsinChina.

(B)

Nobodyneedsremindingthatexerciseisgoodforourhealth,butwemayneed

remindingthatitneedstobedoneintherightway.

Lightexercisesareagreatwaytoimprovecirculationandkeepourmuscles

active,especiallyiftherestofthedaywillbespentsittinginfrontofacomputerorin

alecturehall.However,certainsportslikelongdistancerunningrequiretrainingto

buildupourbodiessotheycanhandlethechallenge.Ifwegointosuchsportcold,it

canshockourmuscles,hearts,lungs,andotherorgansandcauseseverepainorin

somecases,evendeath.

Somepeoplearebornwithmedicalconditionsthatgounnoticeduntiltheystress

theunstablepartoftheirbody.Aweakheartmayneverbeseenuntilwedosomething

thatcausesextremephysicaleffort.Recentlytherehavebeencasesofpeopledying

whilerunninglongdistances.Also,auniversitystudentdiedaftertakinga1.000m

runningexam.Someuniversitiesandhighschoolshavecutlongdistanceraces(i.e.

3.000m,5,000m)fromtheircampussportsgames,partlybecauseofthesupposed

dangerandpartlybecausetheysayfewerpeopleareenteringsuchevents.

Maybeeducationaboutsucheventsislacking,especiallyduringprimaryand

highschool.Peopleparticipatinginsuchcompetitionsshouldrealizethatareasonable

amountoftrainingisrequiredbeforehandandhavingamedicalcheckiswise,

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especiallyforamarathon.Peopleshouldn'tbeforcedtoparticipateineventsthatpush

thempasttheirlimits,especiallyiftheyhaven'twarmed-upcompletely.Cancelling

eventscouldleadtopeoplebecominglesshealthyandoverweight.Maybethese

eventsshouldn'tbecancelled,butorganizersandparticipantsshouldbemorecareful

aboutregularhealthchecks.

l.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?

A.lbpersuadeustotakelesssports.

B.Togiveussomeremindingonexercises.

C.Toadvisestudentstohaveregularexercises.

D.lbrequirecancellinglongdistancerunning.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cold"inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Havingtrainedalot.B.Inanunfriendlyway.

C.Withoutanypreparation.D.Havingalowtemperature.

3.Whydosomeuniversitiesandschoolscancellongdistanceraces?

A.Becausenostudentsarewillingtoentersuchevents.

B.Becauselongdistancerunningisnotfitforstudents.

C.Becausetheyworryaboutthesupposeddangerinsuchraces.

D.Becausethestudents5physicalconditionsaretoopoortofinishthem.

4.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodobeforerunningamarathon?

A.Trytolosesomeweightfirst.

B.Pushourselvespastourlimits.

C.Participateinitconfidently.

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D.Haveamedicalcheckandwarm-upexercises.

（C）

Flyinghasshrunktheworld!It'snowpossibletotravelaroundtheglobequickly

andeasily.Jumpingonaplaneandjettingoffonholidayorabusinesstripisthenorm

formanyofus,andwiththeriseofbudgetairlines,thenumberofpeopletakingtothe

skiesisincreasing.Butwhileairtraveliscostingusless,thecosttotheenvironment

isgoingup.

Climatechangeissomethingwe'reallawareofnow,andaviation

companiesknowthatsomeoftheblameforthisisbeingpointedatthem.Lastyear

airlineswereforecastedtouseabout97bngallonsofjetfuel.

Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,

particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswer

toreducingemissionsandminimisingtheenvironmentaldamage.

Recentdevelopmentshavefocusedonreducingtheamountoffuelairliners（大

型客機(jī)）bum.Makingflyinggreenandsustainablewasthehottopicattherecent

DubaiAirShow.Therewastalkofadvancesinenginetechnology,makingthemmore

efficient,andpossiblyusingbiofueltopoweraircraft.

RiosGalvan,abioenergyexpertandprofessoratKhalifaUniversityinAbu

Dhabi,toldtheBBCthat“thesehavethecapacitytoreducethecarbon

footprintanywherebetween50-80percentwhenyoucomparethemtofuels75

AndPhilCurnock,chiefengineerofthecivilfutureprogrammeatRolls-Royce,

alsosuggestedthatelectrichybridengines（混合動力發(fā)動機(jī)）couldplayapartfor

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smalleraircraft,coveringshorterdistances.Hesays“itoffersthepossibilityof

acarbon-neutralflightforalimitedrange.^^

Ofcourse,aircraftmanufacturersareconstantlylookingatwaystomaketheir

planesmorefuelefficient.Boeing'sDreamliner,forexample,isalreadyinoperation

anduses25percentlessfuelperpassengercomparedwithaircraftofasimilarsize.

Otherimprovementsincludebetteraircraftaerodynamics（空氣動力學(xué)），changesto

waysaircrafttaxi（滑彳亍）onrunways,andtheuseoflightermaterials.

1.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?

A.Theearthgetssmaller.

B.Budgetairlinesbecomepopular.

C.Flyingisfavoriteamongpassengers.

D.Airtravelcandoharmtoenvironment.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minimising"mean?

A.Lowering.B.Consolidating.C.Weakening.D.Increasing

3.Whichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage?

A.Boeing'sDreamlinerisagreenaircraft.

B.Biofuelisanecessitytopowerairliners.

C.Electrichybridengineshavetheirlimitations.

D.Wayswillbefoundtoreducefuelconsumption.

4.Howcanaircraftsbemademorefuelefficient?

A.Bybetteringrunways.

B.Bymakingsmalleraircrafts.

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C.Byusingthelightermaterials.

D.Byusingaircraftaerodynamics.

（D）

Ihavemanynewteachersinhighschool,butLoriRunkle,myEnglishLanguage

andCompositionteacher,ismyfavoriteteacher.

Ms.Runkleenjoysgettingtoknowmoreaboutstudents,soIhavemanychances

totalkwithherafterclass.Ihavealwayswantedtobecomeajournalist（新聞記者）.

SinceMs.RunkleusedtobeajournalistbackintheUnitedStates,shehasintroduced

manyhelpfuljournalisticwritingskillstome.

Althoughsheismyteacher,Ms.RunkleandIaremorelikefriends.Sheoften

invitesmyclassmatesandmetotakepartindifferentactivitiesoutsideofschool.For

example,Iwenttolistentoajournalistsspeech,whichhelpedmebetterunderstand

currentevents（時事）.

NotonlydoesMs.Runkletalkwithmeoutsideofschool,sheisalsoagreat

teacherintheclassroom.EnglishLanguageandCompositionisareallyhardsubject

forasecondlanguagelearner.Wefeltworriedinthebeginning,butMs.Runklereally

makesanefforttohelpusout.Inclass,Ms.Runklealwaysencouragesstudentsto

questioneverythingtokeepusactive.OnepartofclassIlovethemostiswhen

groupsofstudentsarerequiredtogivespeechesoneventsthatarehappeninginthe

world.ItrequiresalotofdeepthinkingandIreallylearnquitealotfromit.

IloveMs.Runkleverymuch.Shenotonlyhelpsmetogetgoodscores,butalso

actsasagoodfriendandalwaysgivesmeadviceonlife.

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1.Afterclass,theauthor.

A.seldomseesMs.Runkle

B.talkswithMs.Runklequitealot

C.enjoysintroducingMs.Runkletoherfriends

D.ofteninvitesMs.Runkletodifferentactivities

2.WecaninferfromthetextthatMs.Runkleis.

A.friendlyandhelpfulB.kindandhumorous

C.cleverandactiveD.strictandboring

3.Theauthor'sfavoritepartofMs.Runkle'sclassiswhenMs.Runkle.

A.tellsthemhowtogetgoodscores

B.asksthemquestionsabouttheworld

C.asksthemtodescribecurrentevents

D.tellsthemabouteventsthatarehappening

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?

A.ToexpresshowmuchshemissesMs.Runkle.

B.Todescribeanunforgettableteacher.

C.Tolookbackonherspecialhighschoollife.

D.Toshowwhatmakesagoodteacher.

(E)

Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandother

managerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublished

WednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.

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ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,

000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers'memoryand

thinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthe

samegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.

Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating（刺激），demandingjobsbefore

retirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive（認(rèn)矢口）

functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.

TheresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfbrtheparticipantsJoverall

healthstatus.

“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,vsaysFranciscaThen,wholedthe

study."Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou'reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butit

makesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork—sure,youwillfeeltired,butitcanhelp

yourbrainstayhealthy.v

It'snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,

Thenpointsout.Awaiter'sjob,forexample,thatrequires

multitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimul