高中英語語法精講教程

12-425-739-11412-16517-20621-24725-2712-425-739-11412-16517-20621-24725-27828－30931－331035－401140－4511狀語從句（二1213141516動詞時態(tài)－－動詞時態(tài)（一一、一般TheywantgoodThecoatmatchestheThisTheywantgoodThecoatmatchestheThisworkdoesnotsatisfyDoyou你懂了嗎a.HealwaystakesawalkafterEveryoneisinhighspiritsb.ThesunrisesintheeastandsetsintheSoundtravelsfasterthroughwaterthanitdoesthroughTimeandtidewaitfornoc.ThisclothfeelsIloveclassicalThePresidentstillseemsabletofindtimetogod.ThemeetingThePresidentstillseemsabletofindtimetogod.ThemeetingbeginsatWeleavehereat8:00e.Whenyoucomenexttime,bringmesomeIftimeallows,weshallgothereWhetherheagreesornot,Iwillstayata.ChinaDeclaresMannedSpaceflightLauraBushArrivesinb.Francisslipspast,passestheballtoYaoMing,whojumps,catchesandshootsittheNow,look,Ipressthebuttonandturnonthec.YoumindyourownIfhedoesthatagain,hegoestod.HerecomestheIfhedoesthatagain,hegoestod.HerecomestheTheregoestheHiswordsfetchedalaughfromallIdidnotsleepwelllastDidyoudirectthetouristtothe.HesuddenlyfellillTheenginestoppedbecausethefuelwasused【誤】IvisitedthePalaceMuseum.（在沒有上下文的情況下，應(yīng)避免這樣說【正】IvisitedthePalaceMuseumlast【正】IhavevisitedthePalaceb.IwrotehomeonceaweekatHewasalreadyintheb.IwrotehomeonceaweekatHewasalreadyinthehabitofreadingwidelyinhisSheusedtostudylateintothenightwhenshewasinSeniorHewouldsitforhoursdoingc.Sheenteredtheroom,pickedupamagazineandlookedthroughitThestudentsgotupearlyinthemorning,didmorningexercisesandthenreadaloudintheopen.WewouldnotleaveuntiltheteachercameShetoldmeshewouldnotgoifitrainedthenext.It'stimeweIwishIweretwentyyearsIwouldratheryoudidn'tdoanythingforthetimeb.IwonderedIwouldratheryoudidn'tdoanythingforthetimeb.IwonderedifyoucouldgivemeaMightIcomeandseeyouHisfatherisafilmHisfatherwasafilmHowdoyouliketheHowdidyoulikethe一般將來時是由“willshall動詞原形”構(gòu)成的。shall縮寫成“'ll”shallnotwillnotshan'twon'tI'llgoandshuttheWhenwillyouknowyourexamIcanseeyou'rebusy,soIwon'tstayYouandIwillarrivethereYouandIwillarrivetherenextBothofuswillgraduatefrommiddleschoolnextIshallbefreethisThere'llbenochemistryclassesTheywillprobablygotoShanghaifortheirwillshallbedoingwillshallI'llbeseeingafriendoffattheHe'llbegoingwithusMyunclewillcometoseemeeveryThestudentswillhavefiveEnglishclassesperweekthisThatbaglooksheavy.I'llhelpyouwithIwon'ttellanyonewhathappened,IFlowerswilldiewithoutWaterwillchangeintoiceatThisFlowerswilldiewithoutWaterwillchangeintoiceatThiswillbeyoursister,I①用于“Iexpect,I'msure,Ithink,Iwonder+賓語從句”Don'tworryabouttheexam.I'msureyou'llIwonderwhatwillIdon'tthinkthetestwillbevery②用于“and+陳述句”WorkhardandyouwillGoatonceandyouwillseeI'llletyouknowassoonasheIfyouaskhim,hewillhelpWeshallgounlessit①begoingto+“begoingto+動詞原形”a.I'mgoingtobuyanewcoatthis“begoingto+動詞原形”a.I'mgoingtobuyanewcoatthisAreyougoingtoplaybasketballafterHeisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsWhatareyougoingtodob.Lookatthoseblackclouds.ItisgoingtoThecarisgoingtoturnThereisgoingtobea“begoingto+動詞原形”與“willshall+動詞原形”SheisgoingtogetShewillget 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Yes,Iknow.I'mgoingtophonehimThemeetingwillbeginat10:00Coffeewillbeservedfrom9:30fromtodayIfeelterrible.IthinkI'mgoingtobe4．begoingto可用于條件句，表示將來時間，willIfyouaregoingtoattendthemeeting,you'dbetterleave②be+動詞的-ing“be+動詞的-ing形式”leavemove,start,stay,geteat,meet,seeoff,dieHeisleavingforXinjianginafewIamdiningoutTheplaneistakingoffTheoldmanis“be+動詞的-ing形式”和“begoingto+動詞原形”Wearemovingtoa“be+動詞的-ing形式”和“begoingto+動詞原形”WearemovingtoanewflatWearegoingtomovetoanewflatYouaregoingtofallifyouclimbthatBecareful.Youaregoingtobreakthatbe+be(amisare)(was,a.ThehighwayistobeopentotrafficinAmItotakeoverhis.Ifwearetotakethe5:00train,wemustleavec.表示命令或吩咐等。否定形式常表示“禁止”或“不許”Youaretobebackbefore10Youarenottogooutaloneat“be+動詞不定式”與“begoingto+動詞原形”1．“begoingto+動詞原形”側(cè)重說話人個人的意圖和打算，“be+動詞不定式”I'mgoingtotrymybest1．“begoingto+動詞原形”側(cè)重說話人個人的意圖和打算，“be+動詞不定式”I'mgoingtotrymybesttowritethisarticleAmItowaitheretilltheir不用“be+動詞不定式”It'sgoingtoRachelisgoingto④一般現(xiàn)在時.Whattimedoesthenexttrainleavefor.I'llgivethebooktoyouafterIfinishIfhearrives,wemustgoandmeethimattherailwayc.hopesupposeIhopealliswellwithSuppsewegohiking一般過去將來時是由“should/would+動詞原形”HeaskedmeyesterdaywhenIshouldleavefor一般過去將來時是由“should/would+動詞原形”HeaskedmeyesterdaywhenIshouldleaveforTheywantedtoknowhowtheywouldfinishthehomeworka.HesaidtheywouldarrangeaIaskedifhewouldcomeandfixmyTV.IfIhadachancetostudyabroad,IwouldstudyatCambridgeIwishhewouldgowithmetothecinemaawas/weregoingtoHesaidthathewasgoingtoliveinthecountrywhenheTheythoughtitwasgoingtobwas/were動詞的-ingNobodyknewwhethertheguestswereIwastoldthatthetrainwasleavinginafewc.was/wereShesaidshewastocleantheclassroomafterItc.was/wereShesaidshewastocleantheclassroomafterItwasreportedthatanotherbridgewastobebuiltacrosstheYangtse“was/weregoingto+動詞原形”或“was/were+動詞不定式完成式”LastSundayweweregoingtovisittheGreatWall,butitIwastohavehelpedwiththeperformance,butIgotfluthedayd.was/wereabouttoIfeltsomethingterriblewasabouttoe.was/wereonthepointofI'mgladyouhavecome.Iwasonthepointofcallingyou,butyou'vesavedme“beabouttodo”和“beonthepointofdoing”Iwasabouttostartwhenitsuddenlybeganto進(jìn)行I'mreadingtheeveningnewspaper.Nowitisn'tsnowingAretheyplayingsoccerinthemomentSheismakingafireListen!MaryissinginganEnglishsongintheTheyareplantingtreesonthehillthesedays.Idon'treallyworkhere;Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrive,begin,come,do,drive,fly,go,leave,JaneandBettyaregoingonholidayinafewWhereareyoustayinginWhereareyoustayinginconstantly,always,forever等狀語連用，給現(xiàn)在的動作披上She'sconstantlyMybrotherisalwaysleavingthingsHeisforeverthinkingofdoingmorefortheThehouseisfallingdown.TheweatherischangingfortheI'mforgettingmyFoodiscostingThetrainisarrivinglatealmosteverydaythisSomeoneisknockingattheTheboyisjumpingwithHewhohelpsothersishelpingHewhohelpsothersishelpingIfyouinsistondoingit,youaredoingafoolishbe動詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。但有時可用“am,is,arebeing形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)Idon'tthinkyouarebeingfair.HeisbeingYouarenotYouarenotbeingseem,look,appear,havebelongto,ownholdThisbackpackbelongstoHeseemsratherangrywithknowremember,understandsee,thinkbelieve,suppose,hopeIdon'tthinkhewillcomeIIdon'tthinkhewillcomeIstillrememberthedayswhenwestudiedShe'sunderstandingyoubetterwantwishneeddesireYourclothesneedHowIwishIwereacontinue,keep,last,goonShestillcontinuesinpoorEverydayafterfinishinghishomework,hegoesontodosomesee,hear,smell,taste,feelTheapplestasteThisflowersmellsSheistastingtheThedogSheistastingtheThedogissmellingtheThebellissoundingforThecomputerisworkingThecomputerworksThebusisSheislivingintheShelivesintheHeisdoingwellatHedoeswellatIwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.WereyouexpectinghimTheywerenottalkingwhenIcameIwashavingsupperat7:00yesterdayevening.ShewasplayingthepianowhileIwasreadingtheWelistenedcloselywhiletheteacherreadtheWeweretalkingaboutyouthewholeHewaswatchingTVathomefrom3:00to5:00yesterdayHetoldmethathewasgoingsoon.ShesaidshewasleavingforNewShesaidshewasleavingforNewYorkthenextItwassnowingasthemedicalteammadeitswaytotheTomslippedintothehousewhennoonewasFiveminuteslater,hewasstandingatthedoor,smoking.Thebabywascryinghard,andsuddenlythecryingShewenttothedoctoryesterday.ShewashavingalotoftroublewithherIhaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkbecauseIwashelpingmymotherathomealldayd.always,constantlyThegirlwasalwayschangingherInthepasthewasconstantlyaskingmeforShewrotealettertoherfriendlastShewaswritingalettertoShewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastShewavedtoShewaswavingtoTheboyjumpedupandTheboywasjumpingupand將來進(jìn)行時是由“shall/willbeDon'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.We'llbehavingclassesthen.WillyoubeusingyourbicyclethisShewon'tbehavingameetinginherofficeat8:00I'llbetakingmyholidaysoon.TheywillbemeetingusattheIhopeyouwillbecomingonI'llbeseeingMr.SmithTheI'llbeseeingMr.SmithTheministerwillbegivingaspeechoninternationalPleasecometomorrowafternoon.TomorrowmorningI'llbehavingaStopthechildorhewillbefallingYouwillbemakingaWillyoubereadinganythingelse?WhenshallwebemeetingThestudentsaerstudyingUnit3thisweek,andnextweekwe'llbestudyingUnitMydutieswillendinJulyandIwillbereturningtoSomeonehasSomeone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et4.主動語態(tài)：would被動語態(tài)：wouldbeWetoldhimthatwewouldcleantheclassroomsoon.Wetoldhimthattheclassroomwouldbecleanedsoon.HesaidthatanewtradecenterwouldbebuiltinthecentreoftheHesaidthatanewtradecenterwouldbebuiltinthecentreofthecity.Sheaskedwhethertheirplanwouldbeconsideredwithgreatcare.Iwasn'ttoldthatIshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.5.被動語態(tài)：amisarebeingWearecleaningtheclassroomnow.Theclassroomisbeingcleanednow.Ahospitalisbeingbuiltinthecentreofthetown.Arethebabiesbeingtakencareofbythisnurse6.主動語態(tài)：waswere被動語態(tài)：waswerebeingWewerecleaningtheclassroomthistimeyesterday.Theclassroomwasbeingcleanedthistimeyesterday.Theteachingplanwasbeingdiscussedatthattime.WastheTVsetbeingfixedthistimeyesterdayThehousewasbeingpaintedwhenwearrivedathishome.7.主動語態(tài)：hashave被動語態(tài)：hashavebeenTheclassroomlookstidy.Wehavecleanedit.TheclassroomlookstidyIthasbeencleaned.ManyforeignfilmshavebeenshownonTVsincelastmonth.Theradiohasnotbeenturnedonyet.HasanewtrainingcentrebeensetupTheradiohasnotbeenturnedonyet.Hasanewtrainingcentrebeensetupinour8.主動語態(tài)：had被動語態(tài)：hadbeenTheclassroomlookedtidy.Wehadcleanedit..HisnewlywrittennovelhadbeentranslatedintoEnglishbytheendoflastmonth.Shetoldmethatshehadbeendismissedbyher HerhomeworkhadnotbeenfinishedwhenIgothome.9.主動語態(tài)：willshallhave被動語態(tài)：willshallhavebeenWewillhavecleanedtheclassroombyfiveo'clock.Theclassroomwillhavebeencleanedbyfiveo'clock.Thenewbookswillhavebeenenteredintheregisterbeforeanotherparcelarrives.HowmanyexpresswayswillhavebeencompletedbytheendofnextBeforeyoureturnmyworkwillhavebeendone.10.主動語態(tài)：wouldhave被動語態(tài)：wouldhavebeenIsaidwewouldhavecleanedtheclassroomby500.Isaidtheclassroomwouldhavebeencleanedby500.TheheadmastersaidthearticlewouldhavebeentranslatedbytheendofnextThedaywasdrawingnearwhenthedamwouldhavebeencompleted.Thedaywasdrawingnearwhenthedamwouldhavebeencompleted.Hetoldmethatpreparationswouldhavebeenfinishedby600.+Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.DidyourlettergetansweredFinallyhisbikegotrepaired.AsIpassedbymyskirtgotcaughtonanail.++Sheseemedannoyedbyhiswords.Thehouseappearsdeserted.【誤】Shegotborninasmall【正】Shewasborninasmallvillage.【誤】Theoldmangotofferedalargesumof【正】Theoldmanwasofferedalargesumofmoney.【誤】Colingotcaughtcheatinginthe【正】Colinwerecaughtcheatingintheexam.BywhomisthebookwrittenThechildrenweredrivenindoorsbytheBywhomisthebookwrittenThechildrenweredrivenindoorsbytherain.Thewolfwaskilledwithagun.Thefieldwasspreadwithwildflowers.3．from表示源于某種物質(zhì)（看不出原材料Goodwineismadefromgrain.4．of表示用某種材料制成（看得出原材料Thetableismadeofwood.Youarewantedonthephone.Heisknowntoeverybody.Shewascaughtintherain.by.示方式Hewasmuchflatteredbyheraskinghimtodinner.（by表示原因.A.HowisthiswordpronouncedScientistssaythatworkisdonewheneveraforcemoves.AgreaternumberofmagicEnglishbookswillbepublishednextyear.Afterwareverythinghadbeendestroyed.B.Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youAfterwareverythinghadbeendestroyed.B.Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbepunished.AnewHopeSchoolwillbeopenedinourvillage.（anewHopeSheislikedbyeverybody.XiaoLiwaselectedmonitoroftheclass.C.Thebridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.Wewereshockedbythenewsofhisdeath.Manyaccidentswerecausedbycarelessdriving.D.Heappearedonthestageandwaswarmlyapplaudedbytheaudience.TheoldprofessorgavealectureonAmericanhistoryandwaswellreceived.IwasshownroundtheschoolcampusbySean,whohadenteredtheschooljusta.You'vebeentoldmanytimesnottomakethesamemistake.Everybodyisexpectedtoobeythefollowingrules.Thecontrolroommaynotbeenteredwithoutpermission.Thefilmiscoatedwithlight-sensitivechemicals,whicharechangedbythe.G.Thewest-eastgaspipelineprojectwaskickedoffonJuly4,abigThewest-eastgaspipelineprojectwaskickedoffonJuly4,abigeventinthewestdevelopmentcampaign.西氣東輸工程7月4HewasborninthisTheschoolissituatedinthesuburbs.Thevegetablesdidn'ttasteverygood.Theyhadbeencookedtoolong.Hearrivedattheairportwherehewasmetbyhisfriend.by短語（二中國人常這樣說：Iexpectyoutobethereontime.英美人常這樣說：Youareexpectedtobethereontime.A.++“++賓語”Theywilldiscusstheplanatthemeeting.Theplanwillbediscussedatthemeeting.InthepastthekingpossessedgreatTheplanwillbediscussedatthemeeting.Inthepastthekingpossessedgreatwealth.nInthepastgreatwealthwaspossessedbytheking.B.主語+謂語+間接賓語+Wegavethestudentsomebooks.Thestudentwasgivensomebooks.Somebooksweregiventothestudent.Hisfatherboughthimacomputerlastweek.Hewasboughtacomputerbyhisfatherlastweek.Acomputerwasboughtforhimbyhisfatherlastweek.注意：用直接賓語作被動語態(tài)的主語時，通常要在間接賓語前加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~(to,TheyawardedhimtheNobelPrize.TheNobelPrizewasawarded（to）him.Thehosthadcaughtussomefish.nSomefishhadbeencaughtforusbythehost.主人給我們捉了一些魚。（for可省nC.主語+謂語+賓語+Allthevillagerspaintedthehouseswhite.--Thehouseswerepaintedwhitebyallthevillagers.Theykeptuswaitingforalongtime.Wewerekeptwaitingforalongtime.WeregardedhimasthebestdoctorWewerekeptwaitingforalongtime.Weregardedhimasthebestdoctorintown.Hewasregardedasthebestdoctorintown.有些使役動詞和感官動詞,makeseehearwatchnoticeobservelistentoWeheardhimsaygood-byetohisfriends.nHewasheardtosaygood-byetohisfriends.nD.含有情態(tài)動詞的謂語變成被動語態(tài)時，用“情態(tài)動詞bedone”havehadoughtcancouldmaymightmusthavehadtooughttocancouldbemaymightbemustbehavehadtobewillwouldbeshallshouldbeoughttobeThemustbehavehadtobewillwouldbeshallshouldbeoughttobeThemachinemustbeoperatedwithcare.Suchasentenceoughtnottobeusedhere.What'sdonecannotbe Peoplehadtoberemindedofthedangerthatnight.E.含有“begoingtodo”和“betodo”含有“begoingtodobetodo等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語動詞，變成被動語態(tài)時，分別用“betobedone”和“beto+bedone”。在這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中，beTheproblemisgoingtobediscussedatthemeeting.ThisnewfilmistobeshownonTVnextweek.TheysaidthathehadgoneabroadtostudyEnglish.ItwassaidthathehadgoneabroadtostudyEnglish.Wehaven'tdecidedwhenweshouldgocamping.Ithasn'tbeendecidedwhenweshouldgocamping.Webelievedthathewouldsucceed.Hewasbelievedtosucceed.FatherexpectedthatIshouldbecomeanengineer.Iwasexpected(bymyfathertobecomeanengineer.（父親）肯定的祈使句的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是：Let+Iwasexpected(bymyfathertobecomeanengineer.（父親）肯定的祈使句的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是：Let+be+態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是：Don't+let++be+過去分詞（Let++not+be+過去分詞MovethedesksintotheLetthedesksbemovedintothecorridor.Don'ttrust--Don'tletherbeLethernotbetrusted.H.ThenursesinthishospitallookafterthepatientsveryThepatientsarewelllookedafterbythenursesinthishospital.TheyhaveputoffthemeetingtillnextThemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextSaturday.Suchabadhabitshouldbegotridof.Alltheimportantmattershavenowbeenattendedto.I.Theyaskedustodiscusstheproblemat--Wewereaskedtodiscusstheproblemat.動SheofferedtobuyarecorderforArecorderwasofferedtobeboughtforme.有人提出要幫我買一臺錄音機(jī)。（動TheteacherorderedthatArecorderwasofferedtobeboughtforme.有人提出要幫我買一臺錄音機(jī)。（動Theteacherorderedthatweshouldtakethedesk.Smokefilledthemeetingroom.Themeetingroomwasfilledwithsmoke.Aclothcoveredthetable.Thetablewascoveredwithacloth.have,own,cost,lack,want(缺乏),become(適合),resemble,fail,lastflee,benefitholdSheresembleshermother.Helacksself-confidence.Thishallcanhold2,000people.Wouldyouhaveacupof Shehadabadcoldyesterdayandnowsheisfeelingmuchbetter.DoyougetHowdoyoutakethis Iowe50poundstoyou.Hiscarelessdrivingcosthis Theysimplycannotcontainthemselvesfor Heabsentedhimselffromameeting ForTheysimplycannotcontainthemselvesfor Heabsentedhimselffromameeting Foryearsthetwosisterslookedafteroneanother.IcouldnotbelievemyeyeswhenIsawhimstillalive.Thedoctorshookhisheadandthenwentoutwithoutanywords.Hefixedhiseyesontheoilpainting.Hiseyeswerefixedontheoilpainting.Thiskindofdictionarycoststen Thecaseweighstwentykilos.Helaughedahearty Shedreamtasweetdream.Headmittedhavingdone Hehasdecidedtogoandstudy Heleftthearmyin1998.他1998Sheenteredthehallatonce.takeplaceloseheart,belongtoconsistofThebookbelongstome.Shecaughtaverybadcold.catchaeatone'sloselosemakeamakeupone'smakemakeroomkeepeatone'sloselosemakeamakeupone'smakemakeroomkeepkeepspeakone'stake takeone'stake takeone'stake takeup takeone's Iwouldratherdoitnow.Hedarenotdoit.所謂系表結(jié)構(gòu)，在此指“連系動詞+用作表語的動詞-ed形式”....結(jié)構(gòu)少數(shù)“be用作表語的動詞-ed形式”by結(jié)構(gòu)少數(shù)“be用作表語的動詞-ed形式”by......much..Dbe+Hermoneyisallgone.Thehonouredguestsarearrived.Themoonisrisen.Sheisgrownup.Theleavesarefallen.Wearepreparedfortheworst.E.表示“充滿”意思的“be+with”Themountainiscoveredwithsnowalltheyearround.Theclassroomwascrowdedwithpupils.Thelakeisdottedwithfishingboats.Thefloorwaspiledwitholdbooks.F.remainfeelliestandbecomegrow+Thematterremainedunsettled.Shefeltdisappointed.Theroadbecamecrowded...Shefeltdisappointed.Theroadbecamecrowded....WhendidtheaccidentIce-creamalwaysgoeswellinhotDoeslifeexistonthemoonClassbeginsat ThemeetingendedupwithwarmThemachineruns Hisvoicerecords,readwrite,translate,act,add,wash,wear,cook,lock,sell,tear,cut,keep,burn,strike,lastThebooksellswell.Mypenwritessmoothly.Theplayreadsmoreeasilythan Hiscarcan't GoodHiscarcan't Goodmedicinetastes WhathesaidprovedtobeTheflowerssmell Yoursentencedoesn'tsoundright.Themeatiscooking.ThebookisSheistoblame.Thehouseistolet.Heseatshimselfatthebackoftheclassroom.Heisseatedatthebackoftheclassroom.HelosthimselfintheHewaslostintheforest.HedressedhimselfinadarkblueHewasdressedinadarkbluesuit.ThetallbuildingunderrepairisanofficeTheresultisnnowunderThechildrenareinthecharge thisThisnurseTheresultisnnowunderThechildrenareinthecharge thisThisnurseisinchargeogtheTheteacherissatisfiedwithwhathe Weareopposedtounjust WearepreparedtoaccepthisHewastiredwithplayingallTheearthistiltedalittle.Hundredsofsoldierswerestationedaroundtheprison.Thevillageislocatedatthefootofahill.Springis ThemoonwassetanditwasveryHeisadvancedin HeisdonewithMyfeverisgonebutIstillhavea HewasgraduatedfromBeijing Youare Heis Dobeseated.Bepreparedplease.Getwashed.BeconcernedBepreparedplease.Getwashed.Beconcernedmoreaboutthewell-beingofthemasses..虛擬語moodWherethereisawill,there'saway.CanyouhelpmecarrytheboxupstairsHowImissedthelifeinthecountryside!Comethisway,please!Don'tmakeanynoise,willyouDobecarefulwhencrossingthestreet.IfIwereabird,IcouldflyinIfIwereabird,Icouldflyintheair.如果我是一只小鳥，我就能在空中飛行。Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.但愿四季如春。Maygoodluckbeyours!Ifafloodhappenedinthepast,therewasusuallyagreatlossoflifeandproperty.Weshallgothereunlessitrainstomorrow.I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoukeepitclean.如果你能保持車子干凈，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反if主句的謂：would(couldshouldmight與過去事實(shí)相反if條件句的謂語：had與將來事實(shí)相反if主句的謂：shouldwould(couldshouldmight)+wereto條件從句用動詞的過去式（bewere條件從句用動詞的過去式（bewereshould（第一人稱）或would（全部人稱）+動詞原形?？捎们閼B(tài)動詞could,might代替should,wouldIfitwereSundaytomorrow,Iwouldgoandseemyfriends.IfIwereyou,Ishouldgoandtry.我要是你，我就去試試。Ifwisheswerehorses,beggarsmightride.wouldgoiftheytreatedmelikeaslave.稱）+havedone，也可用could,might代替should,would。IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterdayIwouldhavetelephonedyou.Ifithadnotrainedthismorning,Ishouldhavegoneshopping.Thefloodmighthavecausedgreatdamagestothepeopleifwehadnotbuiltsowerewould（全部人稱）+動詞原形。也可用could,might代替should,would。Ifhewereheretomorrow,Iwouldspeaktohim.Ifyoudroppedtheglass,Ifyoudroppedtheglass,itwouldbreak.你要是把杯子掉下來，會打碎的。Ifshehadtime,shecouldhelpme.她要是有時間，就會幫我了。②shouldIfitshouldrain,thecropscouldbesaved.假如下雨，莊稼可能就有救了。③weretoweretodo。這種形式比較正式，常出現(xiàn)在書面語中，其假設(shè)成IfIweretodothework,Ishoulddoitinadifferentway.IftheheadmasterweretocomewhatwouldwesaytohimIfitsnowedtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.（常用形式（可能性較小Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.had,should放在主語前，用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Wereitnecessary,Imightgowithoutdelay.如果需要的話，我可以立即去（=If werenecessary Hadyoutakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.議，就不會考試不及格了（=Ifyouhad議，就不會考試不及格了（=Ifyouhadtakenmy ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldcallonher.要是有時間，我就去看她（=IfIshouldhavetime. Ifyouhadn'twatchedTVyesterday,youwouldn'tbesosleepynow.如果你昨天不Iftheyhadlefthomeearlythismorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour.Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinthefuture.was來代替當(dāng)主語是第一人稱或第三人稱單數(shù)時的were。IfwerehereIwishIwereabird.也可以說成：IsishIwasaWereIinyourposition,Iwouldnotdoit.如果我處在你的位置，我是不會干這件HeHewouldnotgetsucharesultwithoutyourhelp.沒有你的幫助，他就不會有今天的成果。(條件暗含在介詞短語withoutyourhelp中)Butforyou,Icouldnotberecoveredsosoon.要不是有你，我就不會恢復(fù)得這么快。(條件暗含在Butforyou中)Thissamething,happeninginthepast,wouldleadtoadisaster. 生在過去，就會釀成大禍。(條件暗含在分詞短語happeninginthepast中)Hemusthavebeenthere,orhenevercouldknowtheplaceso Itwoulddoyounogood.這可能會對你沒好處。(條件可能是ifyoushouldgiveupthejob如果你放棄這項工作的話)Theycouldhavewon.他們本來是會贏的。(iftheyhadbeen如果他們有耐心的話beenmorecareful如果你更加小心一點(diǎn)的話）Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutitIshouldhavehelpedyou.為什么你不告訴我？我會幫助你的。（ifyouhadtoldmeaboutit如果你當(dāng)時告訴我的話）Didyougotoseehimyesterday---Iwouldhave,butsomeonedroppedovertomyhouseforavisit.原想去的，但有人到我家來玩了。（ifnoonehaddroppedovertomyhouseforavisit如Shewasill,otherwiseshewouldhavebeenpresentatthemeeting.Itoldhimtogotherehimself,butperhapsIshouldhavegonetogetherwithhim.SupposeyouwereinSupposeyouwereinmyshoeswhatwouldyoudo假若你站在我的立場上，你會怎么辦？（用supposesupposingproviding等詞表示if）Totalkwithher,youwouldknowshecouldnothearwell.如果你同她交談，你就會知道她的聽力不好。（Ifyoushouldtalkwithher...）Lefttohimself,hecouldnothavefinishedthework.要是放任他的話，他是不可能完成工作的。（動詞的-edIfhehadbeenlefttohimself...）Youwouldn'tIwouldliketogowith主語從句通常用于“Itis+形容詞名詞動詞的-ed形式+that...”結(jié)構(gòu)。主語從句中是否用虛擬語氣取決于所用的形容詞或動詞的-ed形式，其謂語動詞常用“should+動詞原形”（美國英語常省略should，只用動詞原形。Itisimportantthatwe(shouldworkoutastudyplan.Itwillbebetterthatwe(should)Itwillbebetterthatwe(should)meetsomeothertime.Itissuggestedthateachstudent(should)singasonginEnglish.Itisdemandedthatheshouldleaveatonce.Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedtoseehis