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第十三講:三角函數(shù)圖象及性質(zhì)【考點(diǎn)梳理】1、用五點(diǎn)法作正弦函數(shù)和余弦函數(shù)的簡圖(1)在正弦函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的圖象中,五個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是:SKIPIF1<0.(2)在余弦函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的圖象中,五個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是:SKIPIF1<0.2、SKIPIF1<0的圖象與性質(zhì)(1)最小正周期:SKIPIF1<0.(2)定義域與值域:SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镽,值域?yàn)閇-A,A].(3)最值(SKIPIF1<0).對于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(4)對稱軸與對稱中心.(SKIPIF1<0)對于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(5)單調(diào)性.(SKIPIF1<0)對于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(6)平移與伸縮由SKIPIF1<0的圖象變換得到SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0)的圖象的兩種方法(1)先平移后伸縮(2)先伸縮后平移【典型題型講解】考點(diǎn)一:三角函數(shù)的性質(zhì)【典例例題】例1.(多選)(2022·廣東汕頭·高三期末)對于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,x∈R,則(

)A.f(x)的最大值為1 B.直線SKIPIF1<0為其對稱軸C.f(x)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增 D.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為其對稱中心【答案】BD【詳解】依題意,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,A錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則直線SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0圖象的對稱軸,B正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,即在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,C錯(cuò)誤;因SKIPIF1<0,則點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為其對稱中心,D正確.故選:BD例2.(2022·廣東珠?!じ呷谀╆P(guān)于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,下列說法正確的是(

)A.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象可由函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位得到B.SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱C.SKIPIF1<0的表達(dá)式可以改寫為SKIPIF1<0D.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,則m的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0【答案】BD【詳解】對于A,由函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位可得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;對于B,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以B選項(xiàng)正確;對于C,SKIPIF1<0,所以C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;對于D,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,又函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以D選項(xiàng)正確.故選:BD【方法技巧與總結(jié)】研究三角函數(shù)的性質(zhì),關(guān)鍵式將函數(shù)化為SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的形式利用正余弦函數(shù)與復(fù)合函數(shù)的性質(zhì)求解.【變式訓(xùn)練】1.(2022·廣東揭陽·高三期末)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則該函數(shù)的增區(qū)間為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【詳解】令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)的增區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.2.(2022·廣東茂名·一模)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為______【答案】3【詳解】由題意,SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)的最大值為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:3.3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則下列說法正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù) B.SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù)C.SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù) D.SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù)【答案】B【詳解】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),故A錯(cuò)誤,B正確;又SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為非奇非偶函數(shù)函數(shù),故C、D錯(cuò)誤.故選:B.4.設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的周期為SKIPIF1<0B.將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位,得到的函數(shù)為奇函數(shù)C.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0D.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)共有6個(gè)【答案】D【詳解】由題意,得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0選項(xiàng)A不正確;對于選項(xiàng)B:將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位,得到的函數(shù)是SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤;對于選項(xiàng)C:當(dāng)時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,選項(xiàng)C不正確;對于選項(xiàng)D:令SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)共有6個(gè),D正確,故選:D.5.設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期大于SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【詳解】由SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期大于SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,取SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故選:SKIPIF1<0.6.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.4 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0的最小值為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期的SKIPIF1<0,所以,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期為SKIPIF1<0,因此,SKIPIF1<0.故選:A7.(2022·廣東湛江·一模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有且只有一個(gè)極大值點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為___________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【詳解】由題意知,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.又SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有且只有一個(gè)極大值點(diǎn),所以SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)有2個(gè)極大值點(diǎn),舍去;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)有1個(gè)極大值點(diǎn),成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<08.(2021·廣東佛山·一模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.從下面的兩個(gè)條件中任選其中一個(gè):①SKIPIF1<0;②若SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,求解下列問題:(1)化簡SKIPIF1<0的表達(dá)式并求SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間;(2)已知SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的值.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0,單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(2)SKIPIF1<0(1)解:若選擇條件①SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0若選擇條件②,若SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的最大值點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的零點(diǎn)且SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0的周期為T,由此可得SKIPIF1<0,即有SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,即有SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,再結(jié)合SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,綜上可得:SKIPIF1<0,(2)解:SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,從而可得SKIPIF1<0,即有SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.考點(diǎn)二:三角函數(shù)的圖象【典例例題】例1.(2022·廣東·金山中學(xué)高三期末)為了得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,可以將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象(

)A.向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度 B.向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度C.向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度 D.向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度【答案】A【詳解】SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.例2.(多選)(2022·廣東中山·高三期末)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的部分圖象如圖所示,下列說法正確的是(

)A.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱B.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱C.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減D.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象【答案】AB【詳解】解:由圖可知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,將點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0代入得:SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,對于A,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,故A正確;對于B,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,為最小值,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,故B正確;對于C,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上不單調(diào)遞減,故C錯(cuò)誤;對于D,將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位,可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤.故選:AB.【方法技巧與總結(jié)】1.圖象變換過程中務(wù)必分清式相位變換,還是周期變換.變換只是相對于其中的自變量SKIPIF1<0而言的,如果SKIPIF1<0的系數(shù)不是1,就要把這個(gè)系數(shù)提取后再確定變換的單位長度和方向.2.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象求解析式時(shí),常采用待定系數(shù)法,由圖中的最高點(diǎn)、最低點(diǎn)或特殊點(diǎn)求A;由函數(shù)的周期確定SKIPIF1<0;確定SKIPIF1<0常根據(jù)“五點(diǎn)法”中的五個(gè)點(diǎn)求解,其中一般把第一個(gè)零點(diǎn)作為突破口,可以從圖象的升降找準(zhǔn)第一個(gè)零點(diǎn)的位置.【變式訓(xùn)練】1.(2022·廣東廣東·一模)將正弦函數(shù)圖象上各點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)縮短為原來的SKIPIF1<0,縱坐標(biāo)不變,得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象.則SKIPIF1<0圖象的一個(gè)對稱中心為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【詳解】正弦函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對稱中心是SKIPIF1<0,若圖象上各點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)縮短為原來的SKIPIF1<0,縱坐標(biāo)不變,那么對稱中心是SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),對稱中心是SKIPIF1<0,A符合,其他選項(xiàng)不成立.故選:A2.(2022·廣東韶關(guān)·一模)若將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度,則平移后的函數(shù)圖象的一條對稱軸為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【詳解】由題意,將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,則平移后函數(shù)的對稱軸方程為SKIPIF1<0,取SKIPIF1<0可得,SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0為平移后的函數(shù)圖象的一條對稱軸,故選:B.3.(2022·廣東廣州·一模)將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位,得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,則下列說法正確的是(

)A.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0是偶函數(shù)B.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減C.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱D.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增【答案】AC【詳解】由題設(shè),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),在SKIPIF1<0上有SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0遞增,故A正確,B錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,在SKIPIF1<0上有SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0不單調(diào),故C正確,D錯(cuò)誤.故選:AC4.(多選)(2022·廣東·鐵一中學(xué)高三期末)將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度后得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,且SKIPIF1<0,則下列說法正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù)B.SKIPIF1<0C.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有4個(gè)極值點(diǎn)D.若SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為5【答案】BCD【詳解】∵SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0為奇數(shù),∴SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),故A錯(cuò).由上得:SKIPIF1<0為奇數(shù),∴SKIPIF1<0,故B對.由上得,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由圖象可知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有4個(gè)極值點(diǎn),故C對,∵SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào),所以SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,又∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0的最大值為5,故D對故選:BCD.5.(多選)(2022·廣東東莞·高三期末)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0且對任意SKIPIF1<0都有SKIPIF1<0,則下列結(jié)論正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位后,圖象關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱D.SKIPIF1<0的圖象向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位后,圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0軸對稱【答案】BD【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,又對任意SKIPIF1<0都有SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的最大值,SKIPIF1<0,整理得:SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因此A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,B正確;SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位后得到的圖象對應(yīng)的函數(shù)解析式為:SKIPIF1<0,該函數(shù)圖象不關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱,故C錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0的圖象向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位后,得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,該圖象關(guān)于y軸對稱,故D正確,故選:BD6.(多選)(2022·廣東清遠(yuǎn)·高三期末)將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象上所有的點(diǎn)向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度后,得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0的最小值是SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱C.SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期是SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0【答案】ACD【詳解】由題意知,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的最小值是SKIPIF1<0,最小正周期是SKIPIF1<0,故A,C正確;令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故B錯(cuò)誤;令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0,故D正確.故選:ACD.7.(多選)(2022·廣東惠州·一模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(其中SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0)的部分圖象如圖所示,則下列結(jié)論正確的是(

)A.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0直線對稱B.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱C.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增D.SKIPIF1<0與圖象SKIPIF1<0的所有交點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)之和為SKIPIF1<0【答案】BCD【解析】根據(jù)圖象求出函數(shù)解析式,再判斷各選項(xiàng).【詳解】由題意SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0不是對稱軸,A錯(cuò);SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0是對稱中心,B正確;SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,C正確;SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,和為SKIPIF1<0,D正確.故選:BCD.9.(2022·廣東茂名·二模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的部分圖象如圖所示.將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位得到SKIPIF1<0的圖象,則()A.SKIPIF1<0) B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【詳解】由圖象知,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位得到SKIPIF1<0的圖象,∴SKIPIF1<0,故選:D.10.(2022·廣東惠州·二模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的部分圖象如圖所示,則下列結(jié)論中正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期為SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增 D.SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù)【答案】ABD【詳解】由圖知SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故SKIPIF1<0,選項(xiàng)A正確;又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為函數(shù)的一條對稱軸,故選項(xiàng)B正確;由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,故C錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),故D正確.故選:ABD.【鞏固練習(xí)】一、單選題1.已知直線SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象的一條對稱軸,為了得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,可把函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象(

)A.向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度 B.向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度C.向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度 D.向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度【答案】B【詳解】依題意,直線SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象的一條對稱軸,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.將SKIPIF1<0的圖象,向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度得SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.2.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.2 C.5 D.7【答案】C【詳解】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是奇函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:C3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則下列結(jié)論錯(cuò)誤的是(

)A.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期是SKIPIF1<0B.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減C.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象可由函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度,再向下平移1個(gè)單位長度得到D.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱【答案】C【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小正周期是SKIPIF1<0,A正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,故B正確;函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度,再向下平移1個(gè)單位長度得到SKIPIF1<0,故C錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0中心對稱,D正確.故選:C4.如圖是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象的一部分,則要得到該函數(shù)的圖象,只需要將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象(

)A.向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度 B.向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度C.向左平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度 D.向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度【答案】A【詳解】由題圖知:SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0向左平移SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.二、多選題5.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則下列說法正確的是(

)A.直線SKIPIF1<0為函數(shù)f(x)圖象的一條對稱軸B.函數(shù)f(x)圖象橫坐標(biāo)縮短為原來的一半,再向左平移SKIPIF1<0后得到SKIPIF1<0C.函數(shù)f(x)在[-SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0]上單調(diào)遞增D.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)閇-2,SKIPIF1<0]【答案】AD【詳解】解:對于A:SKIPIF1<0,選項(xiàng)A正確;對于B:函數(shù)f(x)圖象橫坐標(biāo)縮短為原來的一半,得到SKIPIF1<0,再向左平移SKIPIF1<0后得到SKIPIF1<0,選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤;對于C:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,不妨令SKIPIF1<0為銳角,SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),f(x)單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),f(x)單調(diào)遞減,選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤;對于D:2π是函數(shù)的周期,可取一個(gè)周期[-SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0]探究f(x)值域.而函數(shù)f(x)的對稱軸為:SKIPIF1<0.因此:可取區(qū)間[-SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0]探究f(x)值域,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0即:SKIPIF1<0,選項(xiàng)D正確.故選:AD.6.設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則下列結(jié)論中正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱 B.SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱C.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減 D.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為0【答案】ABC【詳解】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,A正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,B正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,故C正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,D錯(cuò)誤.故選:ABC7.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則下列說法正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱C.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0D.對SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,有SKIPIF1<0成立【答案】ACD【詳解】∵函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的周期SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0恒成立,故A正確;又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的圖象不關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱,故B錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,故C正確;因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以對SKIPIF1<0有SKIPIF1<0成立,故D正確.故選:ACD.三、填空題8.寫出一個(gè)同時(shí)具有下列性質(zhì)①②③的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0___________;已知函數(shù)滿足:①SKIPIF1<0;②SKIPIF1<0;③函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減;【答案】SKIPIF1<0(答案不唯一)【詳解】對于①,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0中心對稱,對于②,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,且函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,則SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0故答案為:SKIPIF1<0(答案不唯一)9.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的部分圖象如圖所示,則SKIPIF1<0________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【詳解】解:由SKIPIF1<0知,SKIPIF1<0,由五點(diǎn)法可知,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0故答案為:SKIPIF1<010.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有最大值,沒有最小值,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為______.【答案】17【詳解】由SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有最大值,沒有最小值,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.由SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有最大值,沒有最小值,可得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為17,,故答案為:17四、解答題11.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(1)求SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的增區(qū)間和值域.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0(2)單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0,值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0【解析】(1)解:因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0(2)解:由(1)可得SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上的單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0;12.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)角A,B,C的對邊分別為a,b,c,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的面積;(2)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取最大值,求SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域.【答案】(1)若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0【解析】(1)因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,由正弦定理可得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,(2)SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0處取得最大值,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0.14.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0從下面兩個(gè)條件:條件①SKIPIF1<0、條件②SKIPIF1<0中選擇一個(gè)作為已知.(1)求SKIPIF1<0時(shí)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域;(2)若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象向右平移m個(gè)單位長度后與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象重合,求正數(shù)m的最小值.【答案】(1)答案見解析;(2)答案見解析.【解析】(1)若選擇條件①作為已知:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0;若選擇條件②作為已知:SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0;(2)若選擇條件①作為已知:函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象向右平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位長度后,得到函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的圖象,∵SKIPIF1<0的圖象與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象重合.∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0

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