2022年譯林版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)階段評(píng)估檢測(cè)試卷（五）（選擇性必修 第二冊(cè)）

階段評(píng)估檢測(cè)（五）（選擇性必修第二冊(cè)）

（120分鐘150分）

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳

選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

Text1

M:①I'moneofthetutors.CanIhelpyou?

W:IwastoldtocomeherebecauseI'dliketotalktosomeoneabouttakingawritingcourse.

1.Whatdoesthemando?

A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.

C.Aclerk.

答案:B

Text2

M:Goodmorning,Samuelmuseum.CanIhelpyou?

W:Oh,yes.Goodmorning.I'minterestedinchildren'sworkshops,and②Pdlikealittlemore

information,please.

2.Whatdoesthewomancomeherefor?

A.Beinginterestedinchildren'sworkshops.

B.Visitingthemuseum.

C.Learningaboutthefurtherinformation.

答案:c

Text3

W:Weplannedtomeethereatfouro'clock.③It'salreadyaquarterpastfournow.Marystill

hasn'tshownup.

M:Maybeshemissedthetrain,③whynotcallher?

W:31didabouttenminutesago,butIcouldn,tgetthrough.

3.WhendidthewomancallMary?

A.Ataround4:00.B.Ataround4:05.

C.Ataround4:15.

答案:B

Text4

W:Howdoyouusuallygotowork,Andy?

M:Igobycarmostofthetime,butmycarisgettingfixedatthemoment,so④I'vebeentaking

thebusthisweek.Whataboutyou,Mary?

W:Oh,Ialmostalwaystakethesubway.Idon'tevenownacar!

4.Howhasthemanbeengoingtoworkthisweek?

A.Bybus.B.Bycar.

C.Bysubway.

茲安A

Text5

M:Wehavetheseshirtsinblack,yellow,andwhite.

W:Well,Ialreadyhaveseveralyellowshirts,andwhiteshirtsgetdirtytooeasily.

M:⑤Tryonthisblackone,then.

W:5Oh,itmakesmelooksoslim!I'lltakeit!

5.Whichshirtwillthewomanbuy?

A.Theyellowone.B.Thewhiteone.

C.Theblackone.

答案:c

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選

項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

Text6

W:Whichmovieisyourfavorite?

M:Ihavetosay,myfavoritemovieisSuperbad.

W:Really?Why?

M:Honestly,itisoneofthebestmoviesI'veseeninalongtime.Ifsreallyaclassicmovie.

W:You'reright?-Thatmovieisamusing.

M:Ididn'tthinkyou'dseenthatmovie.

W:Iwenttoseeitthedayitcameout.

M:Iwaslaughingthroughthewholemovie.

W:?1couldn'thelplaughing,either.Listen,Iboughtthatmoviethismorning.Wouldyouliketo

cometomyhouseandwatchit?Youknow,it'salmosttheweekend.

M:Ofcourse.'Howabouttomorrowafternoon?Iwillbefreethen.

6.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutthemovieSuperbad^

A.Ifsclassic.Bit'sfunny.

C.Ifsold.

答案:B

7.Whenwillthemanbefreeforthemovie?

A.Thisafternoon.B.Thisevening.

C.Tomorrowafternoon.

答案:C

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

Text7

W:Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?

M:Yes,rdlikearoom,please.

W:Whatkindofroomdoyouwant?Wehavesinglerooms,doubleroomsandtwinrooms.

M:‘9Atwinroom,please.Mysonwilljoinmetomorrow.

W:OK.Andhowmanynightsareyouplanningtostayhere?

M:必Iwillstayhereforfournights.TodayuntilFriday.

W:Okay,sir.Hereisyourroomkey.Theelevatorisoverthere.Ihopeyoucanhaveagreatstay.

M:Thankyousomuch.

8.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Arrangingaccommodation.

B.Visitingafriend.

C.Makingaplan.

型u未空.Aa

9.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?

A.Adoubleroom.B.Asingleroom.

C.Atwinroom.

答案:c

10.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Tuesday.B.Sunday.

C.Wednesday.

茲安?A

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

Text8

W:Oh,mygoodness,what'sthematterwithyou?

M:Ihadanaccidentlastweek.

W:Wereyouinjuredseriously?

M:Abitserious.Ihadmyleftlegbroken.

W:Canyoutellmeindetail?

M:Lastweek,Iwasridingmybikealongthewayintheevening.AtthesecondturningofGreen

Street,?acarwasoutofcontrolandIgothitbyit.Thedriverandotherpeoplesentmeto

hospitalandIreceivedanoperationinhospital.

W:Pooryou!@Nowonderthemanagersaidyouwouldbeabsentforfivemonths.

M:Couldyoudomeafavor?

W:Sure!

M:@Couldyousendane-mailtoMrBrownandtellhimwhathappenedtome?Imadean

appointmentwithhimandwoulddiscusswithhimaboutourproducts.

W:Noproblem.Hopeyou'llrecoversoon.

11.Whatcausedtheaccident?

A.Thebreakdownoftheman'sbike.

B.Thepooreyesight.

C.Anout-of-controlcar.

答案:C

12.Howlongwillthemanbeabsent?

A.Fivemonths.B.Fivedays.

C.Fiveweeks.

茲口菜安.A

13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodotohelphim?

A.Telephoninghisboss.

B.Sendingane-mailtoMrBrown.

C.Sendinghimtohospital.

答案:B

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

Text9

W:Jason?Howareyou?Haven'tseenyouforages.

M:Yeah,?sinceweleftcollege.Whathaveyoubeenupto?

W:Iwentbacktomycountryfbrawhiletostaywithmyparents.Thejobmarketwasextremely

goodfbrsoftwareprogrammingthere.

M:Butyourmajorwashistory!

W:Yes,butIhavenotalentfbrbeingateacher,youknow.?。makeprogressinthecomputer

field,IappliedfbragraduateschoolhereinEngland,andIamworkingonamaster'sdegreein

computerattheUniversity.

M:Youwerealwayssayinghowyouhatedcomputers!Butnowyou'replanningtoworkontheIT

field.Whatasurprise!

W:Hey,enoughaboutme.Whathaveyoubeendoing?

M:Tmasingernow,andIhavegivenseveralconcertssofar.

W:?Youmajoredinchemistryincollege,didn'tyou?

M:Yeah,butmyinteresthaschanged.

14.Wheredidthespeakersgettoknoweachother?

A.Atthecollege.B.Inthecompany.

C.Attheclub.

合效榮安.?AA

15.Whydidthewomanapplyforthegraduateschool?

A.Tobeateacher.

B.Tomakeprogress.

C.Toexperiencemore.

答案:B

16.Whatwastheman'smajor?

A.History.B.Chemistry.

C.Computer.

答案:B

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

Text10

M:Goodevening,Seattle!We5vebeenenjoyingalittlebitofsummerthispastweekwithclear

blueskies,sunshine,andwarmevenings.Buttomorrow,?thatwillchangetowhatwetypically

seethistimeofyear:rain,rain,andmorerain.Bringyourumbrellaswithyoubecausebynoon,

we'llseeshowers.Temperatureswillcoolto45degrees.Therainandwindwillpickupoverthe

nextfewdays,firstcomingoverthemountainsandlaterpouringdownoverthecity.頌Expecta

wildstormonThursdaynight,withhighwinds,possiblelightning,andlowtemperaturesof

40degrees.OnFriday,therainwillbereplacedbyathickmorningfog.Drivesafely,everyone!Or

evenbetter:Considertakingthesubwayandavoidtheroadsaltogether.Thisweatherwillmake

itdifficulttoseeandmaycauseaccidents.Butthesunwillreturnbrieflytheverynextday,justin

timefortheweekend.@We9llseehightemperaturesof56degreesandclearskiesonSaturday.

So,planahikeinthewoodsorwalkalongthebeach,andenjoythewarmthwhileyoucan!And

that'stheChannel7weatherreport,withme,LeslieCooper,rilbebackinonehourforanother

weatherupdate.

17.WhatistheweatherusuallylikeinOctober?

A.Rainy.B.Sunny.

C.Snowy.

套里A

18.Whatwillthetemperaturebeduringthewildstorm?

A.56degrees.B.45degrees.

C.40degrees.

答案:C

19.Whatdoesthemansuggestusaboutthetransportation?

A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.

C.Bycar.

分安.A

20.Whenwillitbesunnyagain?

A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.

C.OnSaturday.

答案:c

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題每小題2.5分滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

3TipstoProtectYourselfFromWildfireSmoke

WildfiresmokecontainsdangerousVOCgasesandsmallparticles(PM2.5)thatcancause

serioushealtheffects.Thisarticlewillcoverhowtoprotectyourhealthfromwildfiresmokewith

threesimplesteps.

Tip1:StayIndoorsandCloseWindows

Theeasiestthingyoucandotoprotectyourselfagainstwildfiresmokeistostayindoorsand

secureyourhomefromtheoutdoors.Thisincludesshuttingalldoorsandwindows,todecreasethe

amountofwildfiresmokeenteringyourhome.Juststayinginsideandlimitingtheamountof

outdoorairthatentersyourhomecanreducethesmokeairpollutionyoubreatheby40%.

Tip2:WearaMaskWhenOutdoors

Formostareasaffectedbywildfiresmoke,themostdangerousairpollutantissmallparticulate

mattercalledPM2.5.AnN95maskisdesignedtofilterout95%ormoreofdangeroussmall0.3

micronparticlematter.ButwhatifyoucannotgetyourhandonanN95mask?Itturnsouta

surgicalmaskdoesagoodjobaswell.AstandardsurgicalmaskcanreducePM2.5particulatesby

63%,muchbetterthannothing!

Tip3:TurnOnanAirPurifierWhenIndoors

WhileclosingyourdoorsandwindowscanreducePM2.5pollutionby50%,HEPAairfilters

(過(guò)濾器)canreducePM2.5fromwildfiresmokebyover99%.ButVOCgasesaretoosmallfor

themtocatch.ForfilteringoutVOCssuchasbenzeneandformaldehyde,carbonfiltersai*every

effective.Bothfilterscanfitononepurifier.

【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了保護(hù)自己免受野外大火煙霧傷害的一些措

施。

21.Whydoyouneedtoclosealldoorsandwindows?

A.Toprotectyourselfagainstwildfires.

B.Topreventsmokeenteringtheroom.

C.Tolowerthequantityofwildfiresmokeindoors.

D.Todecreasetheairpollutionyoubreathe.

【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話“todecreasetheamountofwildfiresmoke

enteringyourhome”可知關(guān)窗關(guān)門主要是為了減少進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的煙量。故選C。

22.Whichwayhelpstoreducethesmokeairpollutionmost?

A.Closingyourdoorsandwindows.

B.WearinganN95mask.

C.Wearingastandardsurgicalmask.

D.TurningonanairpurifierwithHEPAairfilters.

【解析】選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話“Juststayinginside...canreducethesmoke

airpollutionyoubreatheby40%.”,第三段第二句話“AnN95maskisdesignedtofilterout95%.

和第五句話“AstandardsurgicalmaskcanreducePM2.5particulatesby63%.??”,第四段第一句話

“HEPAairfilterscanreducePM2.5fromwildfiresmokebyover99%”可知帶有HEPA過(guò)濾器的

空氣凈化器可以減少最多的煙霧空氣污染。故選Do

23.Whatdoweknowaboutcarbonfilters?

A.TheyworkwellinreducingVOCgases.

B.TheyarebetterthanHEPAairfilters.

C.Theywon'tworkwithoutHEPAairfilters.

D.TheycanremovePM2.5byover99%.

【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句話“ForfilteringoutVOCssuchasbenzeneand

formaldehyde,carbonfiltersareveryeffective.”可知,在過(guò)濾VOC氣體時(shí)，碳濾芯是非常有效的。

故選A。

B

“Thinkglobally,actlocally"isagoalIhaveformystudents.Travel1ingtoMalawionafield

studyhasmadethesewordsmeansomuchmoretomepersonallyandprofessionallyasaSocial

Studiesteacher.Ourfieldvisitsprovidedourgrouptheopportunitytoexperienceprogramsthat

developsustainability,irrigation（灌;既）andchangeculturalbeliefs.

Thefinalfieldvisit,duringourincredibleweek-longjourney,tookustoavillageinthe

MangochiDistricttolearnaboutConcern's"EmergencyResponseandEarlyRecovery

Program^.Withmonetaryassistance,thecitizensofthevillageplantednumerousfieldscontaining

mustard（芥菜）greens,Chinesecabbage,tomatoes,sugarcane,cassava（木薯）andfruittrees.They

hadconstructedacomplexnetworkofshallowtrenches（渠）toprovideirrigationtotheplants.The

slop6dd頃斜的）landbecamealush（茂盛的）greennetworkoffieldsprovidingavarietyoffoods

improvingtheirdietandextraproducetosellpositivelyimpactingtheirlocaleconomy.

Thefarmersextensivelyexplainedtheagriculturaltechniquesusedtoplantcropswithminimal

disturbanceofthesoil,companionplantingtomaximizethegrowingseasonandtheirrigation

systembringingwatertothedelicateplantstoensurefullproduction.Proudlyonefarmer

demonstratedhowanaturalpesticideisusedtoprotectthegraincropsfrominsectdestruction.lt

wasexplainedthepesticidewasmadefromtheleavesoftheNeemtree（尼姆樹）.Theleavesare

driedthengroundintoapowderandmixedwithwater.Themixtureisthendripped（；j§）inthecenter

ofindividualplantsusingarecycledplasticbottlewithsmallholespunched（打孑L?）inthelid（蓋）.1

founditveryinterestinghowtheyareusinganativeplanttoprotecttheircropsofinsectdestruction

andwanttotrysimilarconceptsinmyowngardens.

Thefieldstudywasalifechangingexperienceforme."Thinkglobally,actlocally".Whatcan

mystudentsandIdotoimprovethelivesofsomanypeoplewholivetheirdailylifewithsolittle?

【文章大意】本文講述了一位社會(huì)學(xué)老師帶著他的團(tuán)隊(duì)去MangochiDistrict的一個(gè)村落調(diào)研

村民們是如何利用當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀粭l件進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的.既要有全球戰(zhàn)略眼光.又要符合當(dāng)

地條件。

24.Accordingtotheauthor,whatdidthefinalfieldvisitdo?

A.Itlastedforawholesummervacation.

B.Itshowedusthesustainabledevelopment.

C.Ittaughttheauthorhowtogrowcrops.

D.Itcontributedtothelocaleconomy.

【解析】選Bo由第一段最后“developsustainability,irrigationandchangeculturalbeliefs”得知

主要是觀察可持續(xù)發(fā)展的情況。

25.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelocalfarmers9naturalpesticide?

A.Thevillageisrichinnaturalresources.

B.Theymadethemostofthenativeplants.

C.Theyhavetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.

D.Theydidn'thaveenoughmoneytobuyfertilizers.

【解析】選Co根據(jù)第三段ItwasexplainedthepesticidewasmadefromtheleavesoftheNeem

tree.Theleavesaredriedthengroundintoapowder....inthelid,可知此題的答案。

26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Thepesticidethefarmersareusingismadefromchemicalmatters.

B.Thepesticidethefarmersareusingisveryenvironmental-friendly.

C.Theslopedlandmadeitdifficultforthefarmerstogrowplants.

D.TheConcernstaffdon'tcareabouttheprogramcarriedoutinMalawicountryside.

【解析】選Bo根據(jù)第三段Proudlyonefarmerdemonstratedhowanaturalpesticideisusedto

protectthegraincropsfrominsectdestruction可知答案。

27.What'sthepurposeofthewritertowritethistext?

A.Todescribethewriter'sexperience.

B.Totellreaderspeople'slifeinMangochiDistrict.

C.lbexplainhowthepesticideismadeinagriculture.

D.Toshowthathuman'sactioninlocalplacecounts.

【解析】選D。文章開頭和結(jié)尾都提到了“Thinkglobally,actlocally”,前后呼應(yīng)為主題。

C

“Robotsarereadytoreplacemillionsofhumansinvariousindustries.Butthey'renowhere

closetobeinghuman-like.”

ThafswhatBlakeHannafordsaid.Hannafbrd,aroboticsprofessorattheUniversityof

WashingtoninSeattle.

Sofar,robotsdon'treallylookoractlikethesensitivebeingsdescribedthroughoutscience

fiction.Rather,thesebasicmachinesaretaskedwithcarryingoutsimpletasksthatpromote

productivityaroundtheworkplaceorfactory.Wearestilldecadesawayfromafuturewhererobots

carryoutmoredifficultandmeaningfultasks.

Butotheraspectscontinuetohaveasignificantinfluenceonrobotics.Robotsarealready

performingsomehumanfunctions.Ineverydayterms,thatmeansyoursmartphonecandomore

withthesamebatterylife.ltalsomeansquickeradvancesinartificialintelligence—thingslike

computervisionandnaturallanguageprocessingthathelprobots“see"and“l(fā)earn”.

Goingforward,Hannafordsaid,robotswilluppeople'sbrains"toperformother,more

complextasks."There'sgoingtobealotofpeoplewhofallbythewayside,“hesaidofthe

countlessjobsthatwillbeautomatedordisappearentirely.

Morethan120millionworkersworldwide(11.5millionintheU.S.)willneedretrainingjustin

thenextfewyearsduetoreplacementcausedbyartificialintelligenceandrobots,accordingtoa

recentIBMInstituteforBusinessValuesstudy.Notallofthemwillgetthatretraining,ofcourse,but

theoneswhodowillbemorelikelytolandnewtypesofjobsbroughtbytherobotrevolution.

Butsomeexpertssaythemorerobotsoutperformhumans,themorehumanswillbeexpected

tokeepup.

“Thewaywehavetostartthinkingaboutrobotsisnotasathreat,butassomethingthatwecan

workwithinaco-operativeway,“Hannafordsaid,“Alotofitischangingourownattitudes79

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了機(jī)器人和機(jī)器人技術(shù)的未來(lái)以及對(duì)人類的影響。

28.WhatcanweinferfromwhatHannafordsaidinthefirstparagraph?

A.Robotswillhelpmakelifeeasierforallofus.

B.We'llseesomejobssubstitutedentirelybyrobots.

C.Robotswillbehuman-likeoneday.

D.Thechancesthatwe'llbewipedoutbyrobotsinthefutureareveryhuge.

【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“機(jī)器人已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好取代不同行業(yè)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)人。但它

們遠(yuǎn)不及人類?！笨芍?，我們將看到一些工作完全被機(jī)器人所取代。故選B。

29.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Robotsinsciencefictioncloselyresembleus.

B.Robotscancarryoutcomplexactionsautomatically.

C.Humanswillbereplacedbyrobotsinthenearfuture.

D.Thereisalongwaytogoforthedevelopmentofrobots.

【解析】選Do段落大意題。根據(jù)第三E殳“Rather,thesebasicmachinesaretaskedwithcarryingout

simpletasksthatpromoteproductivityaroundtheworkplaceorfactory.”可矢口，這些基本機(jī)器的彳壬

務(wù)是執(zhí)行簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)，以提高工作場(chǎng)所或工廠的生產(chǎn)力。機(jī)器人發(fā)展還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故選

D。

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperform"inParagraph7probablymean?

A.Completelesstasksthan.

B.Dobetterthan.

C.Makemoremistakesthan.

D.Getmoreretrainingthan.

【解析】選B。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第七段“themorehumanswillbeexpectedtokeepup”可知，機(jī)

器人比人類表現(xiàn)得越好，期望繼續(xù)的人就越多。故選B。

31.Whatistheauthor'srealattitudetowardsthefutureofrobotsandrobotics?

A.Objective.B.Positive.

C.Indifferent.D.Negative.

【解析】選Ao推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文和最后一段大意可知，作者以客觀的態(tài)度論述了機(jī)器人

和機(jī)器人技術(shù)未來(lái)發(fā)展的利弊，故選A。

教師專用?【疑難詞匯】promoteproductivity提高生產(chǎn)力roboticsn.機(jī)器人技術(shù)in

everydayterms用通常的說(shuō)法computervision計(jì)算機(jī)視覺(jué)naturallanguageprocessing自然

語(yǔ)言處理automatev.使自動(dòng)化retrainw.重新教育,再教育

D

Therearemanyfascinatingaspectsofantlife,butnonemaybeamorepracticallessonforus

thantheirgiftforavoidingtrafficjams.

AnewresearchpaperpublishedinthejournaleLiferevealshowantskeeptrafficflowingby

changingtheirbehaviortomeetchangingconditions.Fortheirexperiments,researchersfromthe

UniversityofToulouseandtheUniversityofArizonafocusedonArgentineantsthatfrequently

movefromcolony（聚居地）tocolonydependingontheproximityoffoodsources.

ExploringtheArgentineants'giftforfastcommutes,theresearchersbuiltbridgesconnecting

theircolonies.Thebridgesvariedinwidthfromafifthtothree-quartersofaninch.Thecolonies,too,

wereofdifferentsizes,rangingfrom400tomorethan25,000ants.Essentially,researchersbuilta

newinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）systemfortheants,connectingtheirbiggestcitiestothesmallest

villages.Thentheysatbackandmonitoredthetraffic.

Andsurprise,surprise,evenwhenthosenarrowerbridgesreachednear-capacity,therewereno

20-antpile-ups.Indeed,therewasneverahold-up.Trafficremainedsteadyregardlessofhow

overburdenedtheinfrastructurewasbecauseantswereabletoadjusttothechangeofroad

conditions.Atsomepoint,whenthebridgesgotreallybusy,antsmovednotsomuchasindividuals

butratherlikewaterflowinginanever-constantstream.

“Whendensityonthetrailincreased,antsseemedtobeabletoassesscrowdinglocallyand

adjustedtheirspeedaccordinglytoavoidanyinterruptionoftrafficflow,“theauthorsnoteina

newsrelease/'Moreover,antskeptthemselvesfromenteringacrowdedpathandensuredthatthe

capacityofthebridgewasneverexceeded.Argentineantsareextremelyeffectiveingettingto

wheretheyneedtobeinahurry.

Thelessonforhumans?Thetrafficproblemmaylieinourinabilitytoadjustourdrivinghabits

fbrthegoodofthewhole/'Trafficjamsareeverywhereinhumansocietywhereindividualsare

pursuingtheirownpersonalobjectives/9theauthorswrite/'Incontrast,antsshareacommongoal:

thesurvivalofthecolony,thustheyareexpectedtoactcooperativelytooptimize（優(yōu)化）food

return.^^

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。螞蟻的生活有很多令人著迷的方面，但對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有什么

比它們避免交通堵塞的天賦更實(shí)用的了。發(fā)表在eLife雜志上的一篇新研究論文揭示了螞蟻是

如何通過(guò)改變行為來(lái)滿足不斷變化的路面狀況以保持交通流暢的。在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，來(lái)自圖盧

茲大學(xué)和亞利桑那大學(xué)的研究人員觀察經(jīng)常從不同聚居地遷徙的阿根廷螞蟻，阿根廷螞蟻能

非常有效地到達(dá)它們需要匆忙到達(dá)的地方。研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻似乎能夠評(píng)估局部的擁擠情況，并

相應(yīng)地調(diào)整它們的速度，以避免交通擁堵,保證交通順利流暢。螞蟻的這個(gè)天賦值得人類學(xué)習(xí)。

32.Howdotheantskeeptrafficflowing?

A.Byadjustingtotheroadconditions.

B.Bymonitoringthetrafficflow.

C.Bycommunicatingwitheachother.

D.Bybuildingtheirownpaths.

【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話“Anewresearchpaperpublishedinthejournal

eLiferevealshowantskeeptrafficflowingbychangingtheii*behaviortomeetchanging

conditions."可知,發(fā)表在eLife雜志上的一篇新研究論文揭示了螞蟻是如何通過(guò)改變行為來(lái)滿

足不斷變化的路面狀況以保持交通流暢的。故選項(xiàng)A正確。

33.Whatdidantsdowhenthebridgesgotverycrowded?

A.Theyscrambledtopassautomatically.

B.Theyflowedinthestreamconstantly.

C.Theychangedtheirspeedaccordingly.

D.Theymovedonindividuallyinahurry.

【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句話“Whendensityonthetrailincreased,ants

seemedtobeabletoassesscrowdinglocallyandadjustedtheirspeedaccordinglytoavoidany

interrupt沁noftrafficflow”可知，當(dāng)路面密度增加時(shí)，螞蟻似乎能夠評(píng)估局部的擁擠情況,并相應(yīng)

地調(diào)整速度,以避免交通流中斷。故選項(xiàng)C正確。

34.Whatdoestheauthorexpecthumanstodointhelastparagraph?

A.Toraisetrafficsafetyawareness.

B.Tofindsolutionstopresentproblems.

C.Togiveupindividuals,ambitions.

D.Toactforthegoodofthewholesociety.

【解析】選Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段描述“螞蟻給人類的啟發(fā)是什么呢?人類的交

通問(wèn)題可能在于我們無(wú)法為整體利益調(diào)整我們的駕駛習(xí)慣?！煌ǘ氯谌祟惿鐣?huì)無(wú)處不在,

人們都在追求自己的個(gè)人目標(biāo),'作者們寫道，'相比之下，螞蟻有一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo):群體的生存，因

此它們需要合作以優(yōu)化食物回報(bào)?！?可以推斷出作者希望人類向螞蟻學(xué)習(xí)，把人類社會(huì)整體利

益作為一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)。故選項(xiàng)D正確。

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowArgentineAntsMoveontheRoads

B.InterestingExplorationofAnts,Gifts

C.ANewResearchPaperonAnts

D.AntsTeachUsHowtoAvoidTrafficJams

【解析】選Do標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文大意以及首尾段可知，螞蟻擁有的避免交通堵塞的天賦

值得人類學(xué)習(xí)和思索;螞蟻有一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo):群體的生存'因此它們需要合作以優(yōu)化食物回

報(bào)。因此，選項(xiàng)D比較符合本文內(nèi)容大意,適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選項(xiàng)D正確。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

BeaResponsibleCamper

Beingaresponsiblecamperisaboutmorethanjustrespectingyourneighborsandobserving

theboundariessetbycampsites.36Pleasekeepsustainablecampingguidelinesinmindwhile

planningatripintothegreatoutdoors.

Leavenotrace.37Followtheprinciples:"takeonlypictures,leaveonlyfootprints”.Most

“l(fā)eavenotrace"principlesfocusonreducingourimpactonthenaturalenvironment.Followingthe

samerulesforhikingandotheroutdoorrecreationalactivitiesisoneofthebestwaystoshowyour

respectfbranaturaldestination.

38Harmfulsunscreenchemicalscannegativelyaffectdrylandaswell.Theycanpollute

bodiesofwaterandmaytakemanyyearstobreakdowninthenaturalenvironment,sobemindful

ofwhatyouputonyourbodiesbeforejumpingintothatlake.Asaruleofthumb,alwaysstayat

least200feetawayfromanywatersourcewhileusingsoaportoothpaste.

Respectthewildlife.Ifyou'recampinginapopularareawithplentyofpeoplearound,it'seasy

toforgetthatyou'reactuallysharingspacewithwildanimalhabitats.Animalsthatgettoousedto

humanscangetreliant,whichdisruptsthenaturalbalanceofthingswithintheir

ecosystems.Sometimes,toomuchinteractionwithpeoplecanmakeanimalsmoreaggressiveorlead

tomorehuman-wildlifeconflicts.Trytokeepallofyourfoodoutofreachfromwildlife.39

Practicefiresafety.WhilethisisespeciallyrelevantonthewestcoastoftheUnitedStates,

wherewildfireseasonismostthreatening,firesafetyshouldalwaysbeatopprioritywhilecamping.

40Inareasknownforhavinggreaterfiredanger,itpaystohaveashovelorabucketofwater

handytotakecareofanyrunawayflames.

A.Aimforzerowaste.

B.Keepwaterwaysclean.

C.Onlybuildfiresindesignatedfirepitsorrings.

D.Andmostimportantly,remembernevertofeedwildanimals.

E.Takingyourcampsiteoffthebeatenpathmaysoundadventurous.

F.Alwaysleaveyourcampsitethesame(orbetter)thanyoufoundit.

G.Ifsabouthavingthelowestimpactpossibleonthesurroundingenvironment.

【文章大意】本文介紹了如何做一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的露營(yíng)者。

36?【解析】選Go做一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的露營(yíng)者不僅僅是尊重你的鄰居和遵守露營(yíng)地設(shè)定的邊界,G

選項(xiàng)它是對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的影響盡可能小;G選項(xiàng)中的It指代Beingaresponsiblecamper。故選項(xiàng)G

正確。

37?【解析】選F。本段主題句:不要留下任何痕跡。F選項(xiàng):始終保持營(yíng)地不變或保持比你來(lái)到

的時(shí)候更好!符合本段主題。故選項(xiàng)F正確。

38?【解析】選B?？疾橹黝}句,本段的內(nèi)容:有害的防曬化學(xué)品也會(huì)對(duì)干燥的土地產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影

響，它們會(huì)污染水體，并且可能需要很多年才能在自然環(huán)境中分解,所以在跳入湖中之前要注意

你身上的東西。根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn),在使用肥皂或牙膏時(shí)，始終與任何水源保持至少200英尺的距離。所

以本段強(qiáng)調(diào)保持水道清潔。故選項(xiàng)B正確。

39?【解析】選D。本段主要介紹要尊重野生動(dòng)物。選項(xiàng)D:最重要的是,記住永遠(yuǎn)不要喂野生

動(dòng)物，符合本段主題。故選項(xiàng)D正確。

40?【解析】選C。本段主要講露營(yíng)者要注意消防安全。C選項(xiàng):僅在指定的火坑或火圈內(nèi)生火,

符合本段主題。故選項(xiàng)C正確。

教師專用

keepsth.inmind牢記;focuson關(guān)注;showone'srespectfor尊敬;bemindfulof留心

【派生詞】

sustainable〃6?.可持續(xù)的;recreational時(shí).娛樂(lè)的消遣的;reliant。力依賴性的;依靠的

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

A71-year-oldmanwhohasbeenblindsincebirthsayshe'dbe"lost"withoutthekind

23-year-oldAsdaemployeewhohelpshim41

Kieran,whoworksattheStrelleyAsdastoreinNottingham,meets42MichaelFullerat

thefrontdoorandguideshimaroundtheshoparm-in-arm.He43theitemsMichaelneeds,

takeshimtothetill,packshisbagsandmakessurehegetshomesafely—44himhometohis

wife,Wendy.

MichaelandKieranhaveformedaclose45inthethreeyearswhenthey'vebeen

shoppingtogether/61goonmostdaysandthat'stheideasoIdon'thavetogetanawfullotallin

one46.KieranrememberswhatIusuallygetandhealsopointsoutnewitemsandthingsI

may47

YoungKieranhasbeenworkingatthestoreforthreeyearsandhashelpedMichaelfinishhis

shoppingalmosteveryday48.Michaelsaid,“Thestoreisonavery,verybusyroad.Getting

thereis49enough,butIdoneedsome50gettingbackwithmyshoppingandKieran

51bringsmeback.Heisreally,reallygood.”

“Wetalkaboutallsortsofthings------howhiswifeis,whathegotuptowhenhewas

younger.Helovescookingandisalwaysgivingouttipstoo."The52workerhasbeen

nominated（提名）foraservicesuperstar53forhiskindness-buthe'sincrediblyhumble.He

saiditwasniceto54someonethewayyouwouldlikeifyouwereinasimilar55

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了善良的Kieran幫助71歲失明老人購(gòu)物并送他

回家的故事。

41.A.shopB.work