廣東省深圳市2023屆高三年級(jí)第二次調(diào)研考試英語試卷_第1頁
廣東省深圳市2023屆高三年級(jí)第二次調(diào)研考試英語試卷_第2頁
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廣東省深圳市2023屆高三年級(jí)第二次調(diào)研考試英語試卷一、閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。YourGardenEscapeEveninthebigcityyoucanfindoases(綠洲)ofcalmandbeauty.Fromaroyalpalacetoaclassicalgarden,werecommendgreatgreenspacestoescapethehustleandbustleofLondon.HornimanGardensHornimanGardenscover16acreswithbreathtakingviewsofLondon.VisitorscanenjoytheSoundGarden,MeadowField,andevenaPrehistoricGarden,whichfeaturesadisplayof"livingfossils.”Thegardensareverypopularwithfamilies,anddogscanbeletofftheirleadsintheMeadowField.ChiswickGardenAsaclassicalgardenlandscapeinLondon,itwasherethattheEnglishLandscapeMovementwasbornwithWilliamKent'sdesigns.Enjoyfreshbread,seasonalfood,andnaturalwinesintheaward-winningcafe,whileadmiringthebeautyofthenaturalisticlandscape,spottedwithimpressiveartandstatues.BuckinghamPalaceGardenThe39-acregardenboastsmorethan350typesofwildflowers,over200treesandathree-acrelake.ThegardenalsoprovidesahabitatfornativebirdsrarelyseeninLondon.AtourofthegardencanbecompletedbyhavingacreamteainthecafeoverlookingthePalace'sfamousgrasslandandlake.KewGardenTheRoyalBotanicGardenatKewisoneoftheworld'smostfamousgardensandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Haveawalkthroughthevastgarden,spotlocalwildlifeatthelake,orgetyourhandsdirtybytryingagardeninglesson.BesuretovisittheTemperateHouse,whichcontainssomeoftherarestandmostthreatenedplants.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinbothHornimanGardensandChiswickGarden?A.Studylivingfossils. B.Tastedeliciousfood.C.Enjoyimpressiveart. D.Appreciatefineviews.2.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttojoininhands-onactivities?A.HornimanGardens. B.ChiswickGarden.C.BuckinghamPalaceGarden. D.KewGarden.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toinformvisitorsoffamousgardens.B.Toentertaininterestedgardenvisitors.C.Tostressthenecessityofgardenescape.D.Toshowthebenefitsoftouringgardens.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Mychildhoodwasapaintedpictureofsunnyskyandrollinggreenfieldsstretchingtothehorizon.Ittastedofsharpberriesandsmeltofsourgrapes.Myfamilylivedinacabin(小木屋)inthecountrysidebutIlivedinmymother'sarms.Theyweresodelicatebutstrong,herredhairfallingaroundmelikeacurtainseparatingmefromtheworld.Childhoodwassimple.Thebordersofmyvillagewerethefurthestmytroubleswentandmonstersonlylivedinthepagesofbooks.Everydaywasawakingdreamofrunningracesandmuddyknees.Myvillagewasarchaic,dyingcabinshousingdyingfarmerswithdyingtraditions.Thereweren'tmanychildrenbutmeandtheotherboys;boysofbutchersandsellersformedourowngroup.Theycalleduswild.Isupposewewere.Treesandmountainsformedourplaygroundsandfightsbrokeoutaseasilyassuddenlaughter.Liberatedfromtherestrictionsofsociety,wewouldboundintothewoods,deeperanddeeperuntilwefoundalakewhich,withawildyell,wewouldjumpintoallatonce.Mymostvividmemoriesfromboyhoodcenteraroundthatlake.Watershonebrightlyandthesoundsofourscreamsbrokeintotheoutcryfrombirds.Theshockofcoldwateragainstsweatingskinwouldwakeeverynerveinmybodyandmybarefeetwouldhitthesinkingmuddybottom.Aswesubmerged(淹沒),timewouldsuspend,movementsslowingasbubblesrosearoundus.Iwasdrowning.Iwasliving.Iwasliving.Iwasdrowning.Fortimelessnessorasecond(bothfeltthesame),wewouldsuspend,curlup,andthenbeforcedbackoutintobreathingair.Weshouldhaveknownthatitwouldn'tlastforever.Yet,evenunderthebestcircumstances,there'ssomethingsotragicaboutgrowingup:tohaveyourperspectiveonthepeopleandlifearoundyouchange;toalwaysstruggletoreachamirroronlytofindyourselftallenoughtoseeyourreflectiononeday.Andfind,adifferentpersonstaringbackoutatyou.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"archaic"meaninParagraph2?A.Borderless. B.Valueless.C.Old-fashioned. D.Poverty-stricken.5.Whydidtheauthorconsiderhimselfandotherchildrenwild?A.Theyplayedinthewoodscrazily.B.Theytrickedotherspurposefully.C.Theyfrequentlybrokesocialrules.D.Theyfirmlyrefusedschooleducation.6.Howdoestheauthorintroducehismemoriesofthelake?A.Bysharingfeelings. B.Byexpressingideas.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bydescribingcharacters.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Lonelinessandchallengesmakeamangrowup.B.Theregretofgrowthisthatyouhavenevertried.C.Growthisoftenaccompaniedbysadgoodbyestothepast.D.Growthbeginswhenwebegintoacceptourownweakness.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。InshallowcoastalwatersoftheIndianocean,Dugong,akindofseacow,isintrouble.EnvironmentalproblemsposesuchamajorthreattoitssurvivalthattheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)upgradedthespecies'extinctionriskstatus(地位)tovulnerable(脆弱的).Muchworse,DugongsareatriskoflosingtheprotectionoftheTorresStraitIslanders,whohavelookedafterthemhistorically,huntingthemforfoodsustainablyandmonitoringtheirnumbers.Thesenativepeoplekeeptheirbiodiversity,andhavedeepknowledgeabouttheirenvironment.Butthesepeoplearealsothreatened,inpartbecauserisingsealevelsaremakingitdifficultforthemtolivethere.Thissituationisn'tuniquetoDugongs.Aglobalanalysisof385culturallyimportantplantandanimalspeciesfound68percentwerebothbiologicallyvulnerableandatriskoflosingtheirculturalprotection.Thefindingsclearlyillustratethatbiologyshouldn'tbetheprimaryfactorinshapingconservationpolicy,saysanthropologistVictoriaReyes-García.Whenaculturedeclines,thespeciesthatareimportanttothatculturearealsothreatened."Lotsofconservationiststhinkweneedtoseparatepeoplefromnature,”saysReyes-García."Butthatstrategymissesthecaringrelationshipmanyculturalgroupshavewithnature.”O(jiān)newaytohelpshiftconservationeffortsistogivespeciesa"bio-culturalstatus,”whichwouldprovideafullerpictureoftheirvulnerability.Inthestudy,theteamusedanewwaytodetermineaspecies'riskofdisappearing:themoreaculturalgroup'slanguageusedeclines,themorethatcultureisthreatened.Themoreacultureisthreatened,themoreculturallyvulnerableitsimportantspeciesare.Researchersthencombinedaspecies'culturalandbiologicalvulnerabilitytoarriveatitsbio-culturalstatus.IntheDugong'scase,itsbio-culturalstatusisendangered,meaningitismoreatriskthanitsIUCNcategorizationsuggests.Thisnewapproachtoconservationinvolvespeoplethathavehistoricallycaredforthem.Itcanhighlightwhencommunitiesneedsupporttocontinuetheircare.Scientistshopeitwillbringmoreeffortsthatrecognizelocalcommunities'rightsandencouragetheirparticipation—takingadvantageofhumans'connectionwithnatureinsteadofcreatingmoreseparation.8.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthenativepeopleandDugongs?A.ThenativepeoplehelpconserveDugongs.B.ThenativepeopletrainDugongstosurvive.C.Dugongsruinthenativepeople'senvironment.D.Dugongsforcethenativepeopletoleavehome.9.WhichstatementwillReyes-Garcíaprobablyagreewith?A.Theprotectionpolicyisusedincorrectly.B.Cultureisconnectedtospecies'existence.C.Manygroupstakegoodcareofeachother.D.Conservationistsprefernatureoverpeople.10.Howisthestudymethoddifferentfrompreviousones?A.Itinvolvesmorepreservationefforts.B.ItreliesontheIUCN'sclassification.C.Ithighlightstheeffectofhumanlanguages.D.Itassessesthebiologicalinfluenceofaspecies.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthelatestapproach?A.Conservative. B.Favourable. C.Critical. D.Ambiguous.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Adaptingtotechnologicaladvancesisadefiningpartofthe21s-centurylife.JusttwomonthsafterbeinglaunchedinNovember2022,OpenAI'sChatGPThasalreadyreachedanaudienceofover100millionpeople.WhileChatGPTthreatenstochangewritingandwriting-relatedwork,theMesopotamians,wholived4,000yearsagoinageographicalareacenteredinmodern-dayIraq,wentthroughthiskindoffar-reachingchangebeforeus.AncientMesopotamiawashometomanyofcivilization'searlydevelopments.Itspeoplewereworldleadersinadaptingtotechnologicalandculturalchanges.Theyinventedthewheelandagriculture,andpioneeredadvancesinmathematicsandurbanization.Thesebreakthroughsarereflectedincuneiform(楔形文字)literature,oneoftheoldestknownformsofwriting.Initsliterature,Mesopotamiansdon'tpresentculturalandtechnologicaladvancesasconsistentlybeneficial.Theyoftenrepresentnewtechnologiesbeingcontrolledintheserviceofhumanconflictandmostlyservingtheinterestsofthosewithhighsocialpositions.Insomeways,therepresentationofnewtechnologiesinitsliteratureechoes(映現(xiàn))contemporaryconcernsaboutAI:fearsofincreasingsocialinequalitiesanditspotentialuseininformationwar.Inrecentyears,AI—thenewestformofwriting—hasbeenusedtodecipher(破譯)theoldest:cuneiformliterature.Inbroaderfields,theboundariesofhowAImaybeusedhaven'tbeenclearlyexplained.InJanuary,forexample,atopinternationalAIconferencebannedtheuseofAItoolsforwritingscientificpapers.Humanshavebeenstrugglingtoinvent,useandadapttotechnologysinceourearliestcivilizations.Butthetechnologyandresultingknowledgearenotalwaysevenlydistributed.Knowinghowweadaptedtochangingtechnologyinthepasthelpsusmorefullyunderstandthehumanconditionandmayevenhelpusprepareforthefuture.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningMesopotamians?A.Theiradaptationtothreats. B.Theirinfluencesonwriting.C.Theircontributiontoliterature. D.Theirachievementsincivilization.13.Whatcanbeinferredabouttechnologicaladvancesfromparagraph3?A.Theypreventhumanconflict. B.Theybringabouthiddendangers.C.Theytakeawaypeople'sconcerns. D.Theylowerpeople'ssocialstatus.14.WhatisthecurrentsituationofAIaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Itsuseinliteratureispopular.B.Itisnotallowedtofinishpapers.C.Itsrangeofapplicationisundefined.D.Itisnotacceptedinbroaderfields.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowPeopleCanUsetheLatestTechnologyB.HowChatGPTWillThreatenWritingandWorkC.WhatAIWillDobyLearningCuneiformLiteratureD.WhatHistoryCanTeachUsAboutNewTech'sImpact二、任務(wù)型閱讀(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities?Urbanareasalsotendtogethotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.16.It'smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthegroundinurbanareasandthecountryside.Inthecountry,evaporation(蒸發(fā))ofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltheair.17.Havingfewerplants,citieshavelessevaporationandareunabletocooldownthetemperature.Darkcoloursareanotherproblem.Darkobjectsabsorballwavelengthsoflight,makingthetemperatureincreasemorenoticeably.Incontrast,whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy.18.Sadly,mostpartsofcitiesarecoveredbyasphalt(瀝青),steel,roofsandbrickswhichareoftendarkincolour.19.Aspeopledrivecars,heatbuildings,andrunairconditioners,citiesaregeneratingwasteheatandpouringitintotheatmospheredirectly.Thewasteheataddstothesolarenergytrappedbythetallbuildings.Butcitiesdon'thavetobesohot.Somecitieshavelightenedtheirstreets.Thisisdonebycoveringblackasphaltstreets,parkinglots,anddarkroofswithamorereflectivegraycoating.20.Havingmoregreenspacesalsohelps.Plantsserveasanaturalairconditioner.Theycatchheat,releasevapour(蒸汽)intotheair,andtakeawayheat,contributingtocooler,freshercities.A.Citiesalsoproducemoreheatthansuburbanareas.B.Thehigherthetemperature,theshorterthewavelength.C.Thisphenomenonisknownastheurbanheat-islandeffect.D.Soitwillnotbetransformedintoheatwhichmakestheairhot.E.Changesinbuildingmaterialshaveaminimaleffectoncitytemperatures.F.Muchofthesoilincities,bycontrast,hasbeencoveredwithroadsandbuildings.G.Thesechangescandecreaseairtemperaturesdramatically,especiallyinsummer.三、完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Growingup,Iwasfortunatetohavedinnerwithmyfamilyalmosteveryday.Sometimes,thefamilydinnercircle21.toincluderelativesstoppingby.Yet,Iknewsomefriendswhoseparentsgothomeafterdinneroreven22.theentireevening.SoI23.thequalitytimearoundourkitchentable,whichwitnessedcountlessvaluable24.inmylife.25.,mykidscannotrelatetomychildhoodmemories.Theyhavebeenleftto26.withbabysittersmoretimesthanIwouldliketoadmit.MyhusbandandIhave27.careers.Andweoftenendupstayingattheofficewaypastdinnertime.Whenthishappenstoooften,it28.thebalanceofourfamily.Apartfromsufferingfrom29.,whatelsecanahardworkingfamilydo?Ithinkwecanalltryto30.ourownwaystospendtimetogether.SurelytherearedayswhenI'mtoobusytoshareamealwithmyfamily.ButIwouldmakeeffortsto31.a(chǎn)ndchatlaterthatday,32.settingasidecellphoneseverytime.AndIevenfindabedtimereadingwithmykidsmuch33..Iamalsoproudtohaveour"bigbreakfast”routineeverySaturday.Myhusbandservesastheheadchef,andmyyoungerson34.himtomakethebreakfast.Iamawarethatmysonsaregrowingupquicklyandwillbeoutofthe35.someday.Butnow,Iamhappytohavesomanywonderfulthingsonmyplate.21.A.widened B.formed C.lessened D.closed22.A.missed B.a(chǎn)voided C.enjoyed D.recorded23.A.wasted B.treasured C.limited D.calculated24.A.shows B.dishes C.recipes D.moments25.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Besides26.A.sleep B.dine C.study D.play27.A.suitable B.flexible C.satisfying D.demanding28.A.maintains B.disturbs C.improves D.strikes29.A.fear B.a(chǎn)nger C.guilt D.hunger30.A.predict B.create C.evaluate D.a(chǎn)ccept31.A.workout B.calmdown C.holdon D.catchup32.A.unwillingly B.casually C.consciously D.carelessly33.A.louder B.shorter C.simpler D.sweeter34.A.a(chǎn)ssists B.guides C.a(chǎn)llows D.orders35.A.office B.kitchen C.house D.park四、語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。EveryyearduringtheSpringFestival,asmallvillageeastofBeijingputsonaspecialshow.It'sabout-15℃,andamandressedinastrawhatandsheepskincoat36.(throw)spoonafterspoonofheavymolteniron(鐵水)atamassive,icywall.Thecollision(碰撞)betweenthe1,600℃liquidmetalandthefrozenbrickcreatesawaterfallofsparks(火花)37.(fall)overhim,equallybeautifulanddangerous.Thisisaperformance38.requiresextraordinarycourage,skillandstrength.KnownasDaShuhua,ithasahistoryof500yearsinNuanquan,ahighly-developedsteeltown.DaShuhuatranslatesliterallyinto"beatingdownthetreeflowers,”39.a(chǎn)griculturalactivityofhittingfruittreestostimulategrowth.Inancienttimes,fireworksweren'talways40.(wide)affordable.SopeopleinNuanquanmadeuseofscrapironanddevelopedDaShuhuaasaway41.(celebrate)festivals.Asaresult,theybroughtfireworkdisplays42.a(chǎn)wholenewlevel.Today,DaShuhuahasbecomemorepopularthanever,dueto43.(ban)onfireworkstoreduceairpollutioninsomepartsofChina.Everyyear,thisuniquefireworkdisplayattractstonsofpeopleinspiteofthefreezingcoldweather44.drawsattentionforitsprotection.Since2021,it45.(list)asanintangibleculturalheritageofChina.五、寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)46.假定你是李華,你校交換生Hans在策劃"ApproachingChineseStudents”欄目,用短視頻介紹中學(xué)生校園生活,為此咨詢你的意見。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封郵件,內(nèi)容包括:1.推薦拍攝內(nèi)容;2.陳述理由;3.表達(dá)祝愿。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearHans,Yours,LiHua47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。BalletwasawayoflifeinKelly'sfamily.HereldersisterSerenawasnowdancingatatopcollege.ThoughKelly'smomalwayswantedhertofollowinhersister'sfootstepsandKellyherselfwasgoodatballet,herloveforballethadfadedyearsbefore,andshewaseagerforanewchallenge.Onedayatschool,asKellyleftthedancestudio,shewalkedpastthegym,fascinatedbyboxers(拳擊手)traininginsidetheboxingring.Shewasdeeplyimpressedbyhowhardtheyhitandhowfasttheymoved.Infact,she'dlongbeenattractedtoboxing.Shepulledapieceofpaperfromherbackpack.OnthefamiliarOakwoodHighSchoolClubSign-upSheetwasthephrase:BOXINGCLUBTRYOUT(選拔).ThatwaswhatKellyreallywantedtodo.Sheknewhermomhadhighexpectationsforherwhenitcametoballet.Tiredoftryingtokeepupwithhersister,Kellywasreadytocarveherownpath.Thenextday,shegatheredhercourageandtoldSerenaabouthernewpassion.Atfirst,Serenadidn'tunderstandandthoughtshewasjustjoking.ButwhenshesawKellywasserious,shereplied,"YouknowMomwantsyoutobeaballetdancer,right?Besides,boxingisonlyforboys,andyou'resogoodatballet.Leanintoyourstrength,Kelly.”"ButthisiswhereIwanttoputmystrength,”Kellyinsisted,"andwhatexactlydoes‘onlyforboys'mean,anyway?Boxingisasportforeveryone!”Gradually,touchedbyherdeterminationandpassion,Serenabegantounderstandandsupporther.Kellycouldfeelit.Hersisterwasgoingtorespectherdecision,nomatterwhat.Butthatwasnothingcomparedtothepreparationsforthetryout,whereshewasrequiredtoshowherfootworkandpunching(擊打)abilitieswithothercandidates.Boxingdidn'tcomenaturaltoKelly,butshehadmadeuphermindtostickwithherchoice.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ThenKellybeganhertrainingforthetryout,keepingitasecretfromhermom.ThefollowingMonday,resultsoftheboxingtryoutwereposted.

答案解析部分【答案】1.D2.D3.A【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷題;細(xì)節(jié)理解題;時(shí)文廣告類;旅游觀光類【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,向讀者介紹了倫敦一些著名的公園景點(diǎn)??疾閷W(xué)生理解詞匯、語篇及理解語篇中具體信息的能力。核心價(jià)值在于引導(dǎo)學(xué)生注重美育,具有良好的審美意識(shí),在自然美景中,放松身心、陶冶情操、感受美、鑒賞美。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解,包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題,推理判斷題,是一篇介紹類閱讀,注意先略讀文章,掌握文章大意,再分析題干及選項(xiàng),到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)HornimanGardens部分中的"HornimanGardenscover16acreswithbreathtakingviewsofLondon.”霍尼曼花園占地16英畝,享有倫敦的壯麗景色;ChiswickGarden部分中的"Enjoyfreshbread,seasonalfood,andnaturalwinesintheaward-winningcafe,whileadmiringthebeautyofthenaturalisticlandscape,spottedwithimpressiveartandstatues.”享受新鮮的面包,時(shí)令食品,和天然葡萄酒在屢獲殊榮的咖啡館,而欣賞自然主義的風(fēng)景之美,發(fā)現(xiàn)令人印象深刻的藝術(shù)和雕像??芍?,游客可以在霍尼曼花園和奇斯威克花園欣賞美景。故選D。2.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)KewGarden部分中的"Haveawalkthroughthevastgarden,spotlocalwildlifeatthelake,orgetyourhandsdirtybytryingagardeninglesson.”在廣闊的花園中漫步,在湖邊觀賞當(dāng)?shù)氐囊吧鷦?dòng)物,或者嘗試上一節(jié)園藝課,讓自己的雙手臟起來??芍?,如果游客想?yún)⒓訉?shí)踐活動(dòng),他們應(yīng)該去KewGarden。故選D。3.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Fromaroyalpalacetoaclassicalgarden,werecommendgreatgreenspacestoescapethehustleandbustleofLondon.”從皇家宮殿到古典花園,我們推薦巨大的綠色空間來逃離倫敦的喧囂。可知,文章的目的是向游客介紹著名園林。故選A。【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.C【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】主旨大意題;推理判斷題;詞義猜測(cè)題;人物故事類;記敘文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了作者對(duì)于童年美好生活的回憶以及對(duì)于長(zhǎng)大后童年時(shí)光逝去的感傷?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷,詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析,推理,概括和歸納,從而選出正確答案。4.考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的"Myvillagewasarchaic,dyingcabinshousingdyingfarmerswithdyingtraditions.”我的村莊很古老,垂死的小屋住著垂死的農(nóng)民,他們的傳統(tǒng)已經(jīng)消亡。并結(jié)合上下文語境可知此處是描寫我小時(shí)候生活的村莊很陳舊。archaic意為"陳舊的”。故選C。5.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"Treesandmountainsformedourplaygroundsandfightsbrokeoutaseasilyassuddenlaughter.Liberatedfromtherestrictionsofsociety,wewouldboundintothewoods,deeperanddeeperuntilwefoundalakewhich,withawildyell,wewouldjumpintoallatonce.”樹木和山脈構(gòu)成了我們的游樂場(chǎng),打架就像突然的笑聲一樣容易爆發(fā)。從社會(huì)的束縛中解放出來,我們會(huì)跳進(jìn)樹林里,越陷越深,直到發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)湖,我們會(huì)大叫一聲,立刻跳進(jìn)湖里??芍?,之所以作者認(rèn)為自己和其他孩子都是野孩子,是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)跇淞掷锆偪竦赝嫠?。故選A。6.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Watershonebrightlyandthesoundsofourscreamsbrokeintotheoutcryfrombirds.Theshockofcoldwateragainstsweatingskinwouldwakeeverynerveinmybodyandmybarefeetwouldhitthesinkingmuddybottom.Aswesubmerged(淹沒),timewouldsuspend,movementsslowingasbubblesrosearoundus.”水面閃閃發(fā)光,我們的尖叫聲被鳥兒的叫聲打斷了。冷水對(duì)著出汗的皮膚的沖擊會(huì)喚醒我身體的每一根神經(jīng),我的光腳會(huì)撞到下沉的泥濘的底部。當(dāng)我們潛入水中時(shí),時(shí)間會(huì)停止,隨著我們周圍的氣泡上升,運(yùn)動(dòng)變慢;第五段"Iwasdrowning.Iwasliving.Iwasliving.Iwasdrowning.”我快淹死了。我還活著。我還活著。我快淹死了;以及第六段"Fortimelessnessorasecond(bothfeltthesame),wewouldsuspend,curlup,andthenbeforcedbackoutintobreathingair.”在一段時(shí)間或一秒鐘內(nèi)(兩者的感覺都是一樣的),我們會(huì)暫停,蜷縮起來,然后被迫重新呼吸空氣。可知,作者從自己當(dāng)時(shí)的所見、所聽、所感等多個(gè)層面描繪了自己童年時(shí)對(duì)于湖的回憶。故選A。7.考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段"Weshouldhaveknownthatitwouldn'tlastforever.Yet,evenunderthebestcircumstances,there'ssomethingsotragicaboutgrowingup:tohaveyourperspectiveonthepeopleandlifearoundyouchange;toalwaysstruggletoreachamirroronlytofindyourselftallenoughtoseeyourreflectiononeday.Andfind,adifferentpersonstaringbackoutatyou.”我們?cè)缭撝缾矍椴粫?huì)永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去。然而,即使在最好的情況下,成長(zhǎng)也有一些悲劇:你對(duì)周圍人和生活的看法發(fā)生了變化:你總是掙扎著去拿鏡子,卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)足夠高,有一天可以看到自己的倒影。然后發(fā)現(xiàn),另一個(gè)人正盯著你??芍?,作者在最后一段似乎傳達(dá)了"成長(zhǎng)常常伴隨著對(duì)過去的悲傷告別。”故選C。【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.B【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷題;細(xì)節(jié)理解題;觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題;科普環(huán)保類;說明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,通過海牛Dugong的例子講述了文化與物種生存的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,推理判斷和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度三個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇科普類閱讀,通讀全文,理解文章大意,閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容,仔細(xì)核對(duì),選擇符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Muchworse,DugongsareatriskoflosingtheprotectionoftheTorresStraitIslanders,whohavelookedafterthemhistorically,huntingthemforfoodsustainablyandmonitoredtheirnumbers.Thesenativepeoplekeeptheirbiodiversity,andhavedeepknowledgeabouttheirenvironments.”更糟糕的是,Dugongs正面臨著失去托雷斯海峽島民保護(hù)的危險(xiǎn),這些島民以前一直在照顧Dugongs,現(xiàn)在持續(xù)地獵殺它們作為食物,并監(jiān)控它們的數(shù)量。這些當(dāng)?shù)厝吮3种麄兊纳锒鄻有裕瑢?duì)他們的環(huán)境有深刻的了解。可知,當(dāng)?shù)厝伺cDugongs的關(guān)系是當(dāng)?shù)厝藥椭Wo(hù)Dugongs。故選A。9.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Whenaculturedeclines,thespeciesthatareimportanttothatculturearealsothreatened.”當(dāng)一種文化衰落時(shí),對(duì)該文化重要的物種也受到威脅??芍琑eyes-García可能會(huì)同意"文化與物種的生存息息相關(guān)。故選B。10.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的"Inthestudy,theteamusedanewwaytodetermineaspecies'riskofdisappearing:themoreaculturalgroup'slanguageusedeclines,themorethatcultureisthreatened.Themoreacultureisthreatened,themoreculturallyvulnerableitsimportantspeciesare.Researchersthencombinedaspecies'culturalandbiologicalvulnerabilitytoarriveatitsbio-culturalstatus.”(這項(xiàng)研究中,研究小組使用了一種新的方法來確定一個(gè)物種消失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn):一個(gè)文化群體的語言使用下降得越多,該文化受到的威脅就越大。一種文化受到的威脅越多,其重要物種在文化上就越脆弱。然后,研究人員將一個(gè)物種的文化和生物脆弱性結(jié)合起來,得出它的生物文化狀態(tài)。可知,與以前的學(xué)習(xí)方法相比,現(xiàn)在的研究方法突出了人類語言的影響。故選C。11.考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Thisnewapproachtoconservationinvolvespeoplethathavehistoricallycaredforthem.Itcanhighlightwhencommunitiesneedsupporttocontinuetheircare.”這種新的保護(hù)方法涉及到歷史上一直照顧它們的人。它可以突出社區(qū)何時(shí)需要支持以繼續(xù)提供護(hù)理??芍?,作者贊成最新的方法。故選B?!敬鸢浮?2.D13.B14.C15.D【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】主旨大意題;推理判斷題;細(xì)節(jié)理解題;段落大意題;說明文;社會(huì)文化類;科普類【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,通過講述歷史上美索不達(dá)米亞人的科技成就及其影響來啟示當(dāng)今的科技發(fā)展及影響?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,推理判斷。段落大意和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇科技類閱讀,首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,掌握大意,然后結(jié)合具體的題目,再讀短文,從中找出相關(guān)信息,就可以確定正確答案。12.考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段"AncientMesopotamiawashometomanyofcivilization'searlydevelopments.Itspeoplewereworldleadersinadaptingtotechnologicalandculturalchanges.Theyinventedthewheelandagriculture,andpioneeredadvancesinmathematicsandurbanization.Thesebreakthroughsarereflectedincuneiform(楔形文字)literature,oneoftheoldestknownformsofwriting.”古代美索不達(dá)米亞是許多早期文明發(fā)展的發(fā)源地。它的人民在適應(yīng)技術(shù)和文化變化方面處于世界領(lǐng)先地位。他們發(fā)明了車輪和農(nóng)業(yè),開創(chuàng)了數(shù)學(xué)和城市化的先河。這些突破反映在楔形文字文學(xué)中,這是已知最古老的書寫形式之一??芍?,關(guān)于美索不達(dá)米亞人,第二段主要討論了"他們的文明成就”。故選D。13.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"Theyoftenrepresentnewtechnologiesbeingcontrolledintheserviceofhumanconflictandmostlyservingtheinterestsofthosewithhighsocialpositions.”它們通常代表著為人類沖突服務(wù)而被控制的新技術(shù),主要為那些社會(huì)地位高的人的利益服務(wù)??芍?,從第三段可以推斷出技術(shù)進(jìn)步的"它們帶來了隱患。故選B。14.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Inbroaderfields,theboundariesofhowAImaybeusedhaven'tbeenclearlyexplained.”在更廣泛的領(lǐng)域,人工智能如何使用的界限還沒有得到明確的解釋??芍?,根據(jù)第四段,AI的現(xiàn)狀是"它的應(yīng)用范圍是不明確的。故選C。15.考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段"Humanshavebeenstrugglingtoinvent,useandadapttotechnologysinceourearliestcivilizations.Butthetechnologyandresultingknowledgearenotalwaysevenlydistributed.Knowinghowweadaptedtochangingtechnologyinthepasthelpsusmorefullyunderstandthehumanconditionandmayevenhelpusprepareforthefuture.”自最早的文明以來,人類一直在努力發(fā)明、使用和適應(yīng)技術(shù)。但是技術(shù)和由此產(chǎn)生的知識(shí)并不總是均勻分布的。了解我們?nèi)绾芜m應(yīng)過去不斷變化的技術(shù)有助于我們更全面地了解人類的狀況,甚至可能幫助我們?yōu)槲磥碜龊脺?zhǔn)備??芍疚闹饕ㄟ^講述歷史上美索不達(dá)米亞人的科技成就及其影響來啟示今天的科技發(fā)展及影響。"關(guān)于新技術(shù)的影響,歷史能告訴我們什么”適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D?!敬鸢浮?6.C;17.F;18.D;19.A;20.G【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】七選五;科普類;記敘文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了熱島效應(yīng)?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五,本文是一篇介紹類閱讀,要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16.根據(jù)空前"Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities?Urbanareasalsotendtogethotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.”你有沒有注意到,農(nóng)村的夜晚比城市涼爽得多?城市地區(qū)在白天也往往比附近有很多綠色植物的地區(qū)更熱??芍?,本文是一篇介紹熱島效應(yīng)的科普文。首段的行文邏輯為從現(xiàn)象到結(jié)論,從而引出熱島效應(yīng)這一地理名詞。所以,C.Thisphenomenonisknownastheurbanheat-islandeffect.“這種現(xiàn)象被稱為城市熱島效應(yīng)?!狈险Z境。故選C。17.根據(jù)空前"evaporationofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltoair”土壤和植物葉子中的水分蒸發(fā)有助于冷卻到空氣中,與F.Muchofthesoilincities,bycontrast,hasbeencoveredwithroadsandbuildings.“相比之下,城市的大部分土壤已經(jīng)被道路和建筑物覆蓋。形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,回應(yīng)空前主題句"It'smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthegroundinurbanareasandthecountryside.”這主要是由于城市和農(nóng)村覆蓋地面的材料不同造成的。故選F。18.根據(jù)空前"Incontrast,whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy”相反,白色物體反射所有波長(zhǎng)的光能,和D.Soitwillnotbetransformedintoheatwhichmakestheairhot.“所以它不會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為使空氣變熱的熱量?!毙纬梢蚬P(guān)系。即,白色物品會(huì)反射所有波長(zhǎng)的光,因此能量不會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)換成熱量,從而讓空氣變熱。故選D。19.根據(jù)空后"Aspeopledrivecars,heatbuildings,andrunairconditioners,citiesaregeneratingwasteheatandpouringitintotheatmospheredirectly.”隨著人們開車、給建筑物供暖和使用空調(diào),城市正在產(chǎn)生廢熱,并將其直接排放到大氣中。A.Citiesalsoproducemoreheatthansuburbanareas.“城市也比郊區(qū)產(chǎn)生更多的熱量?!逼渲械?producemoreheat”產(chǎn)生更多的熱量與"generatewasteheat”產(chǎn)生廢熱,形成對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。開車,供暖或是開空調(diào)都是產(chǎn)生熱量的行為。故選A。20.本段的討論內(nèi)容為解決熱島效應(yīng)的方法。G選項(xiàng)中的"thesechanges”對(duì)應(yīng)了空前"coveringblackasphaltstreets,parkinglots,anddarkroofswithamorereflectivegraycoating”覆蓋黑色瀝青街道、停車場(chǎng)和深色屋頂?shù)姆垂庑愿鼜?qiáng)的灰色涂層。同時(shí),G.Thesechangescandecreaseairtemperaturesdramatically,especiallyinsummer.“這些變化會(huì)使氣溫急劇下降,尤其是在夏天。”進(jìn)一步解釋了這些舉措所能帶來的好處,與前文形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選G?!敬鸢浮?1.A;22.A;23.B;24.D;25.A;26.B;27.D;28.B;29.C;30.B;31.D;32.C;33.D;34.A;35.C【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】記敘文;人物故事類【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,圍繞"共享親子時(shí)光”這一話題展開,體現(xiàn)親情的可貴。作者感慨,總有一天兒子會(huì)長(zhǎng)大,并且離開家?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,固定短語等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。21.句意:有時(shí),家庭聚餐的圈子擴(kuò)大到包括親戚。A.widened

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