2021年歷年英語高考真題全國(guó)卷及答案

2021年歷年英語高考真題全國(guó)卷及答案

高考學(xué)習(xí)最重要的是要多試和多練，試試并非受罪，問問并不

吃虧。高考加油！下面是我為大家推舉的歷年英語高考真題全國(guó)卷，

僅供大家參考！

歷年英語高考真題全國(guó)卷

第一局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值40分）

第一節(jié)（共15題;每題2分，總分值30分）

閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出

最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答案卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt（Met）isoneoftheworlds

largestandfinestartmuseums.Followingthesuggestedroute

willhelpyouexplorethemuseum.

TheTempleofDendur

This2000-year-oldbuildingstoodneartheNileRiver,

surroundedbyawallthatnolongerexists.Butyoucanstill

peekthroughthegateway.Whose"house'isthis?Itsnotfor

people.Itsforgods.Canyouidentifythem?Theyfaceout.A

kingfacesin,bringingofferings.

MetSpeaks

Bringingtogethersomeofthemostrespectedthinkerson

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agivensubject,MetSpeaksfeatureslectures,discussions,

talks,films,andforumsinwhichcompellingvoicesexplore

timelyissuesthatconnecttotheMetsexhibitionsand

permanentcollection.Programtimes,audiences,andtopics

vary.

TimetoSketch

Settledownforafewminutes,picksomethinginthis

gallery,andhavefundrawingit.Enjoythechancetolook

carefullyasyoucreateyourownsketch.Youllbesurprisedat

howmuchmoreyounotice,thankstoexploringartbysketching.

MetAccess

MaketheMetyours!Choosefromavarietyofservicesand

excitingprogramsthataretailoredtomeettheneedsof

visitorswithdisabilities.Programtimes,audiences,and

topicsvary.

AskfortheAccessInformationbrochureandAccess

CalendaratInformationDesks,downloadtheAccessCalendar

(PDF),orcall212-650-2021oremailaccess@metmuseum.org.

Admission

FeeincludesadmissiontotheMainBuildingandsame-week

admissiontotheCloistersmuseumandgardens.

RecommendedFee

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Adults$25

Seniors(65andolder)$17

Students$12

Members(JoinNow)Free

Childrenunder12(accompaniedbyanadult)Free

1.Howmuchisrecommendedtopayfor3adultand2student

visitors?

A.99B.IllC.87D.103

2.WhatcanyouknowabouttheTempleofDendur?

A.Ahighwallissurroundingthe2000-year-oldbuilding

now.

B.Akingfacesout,bringingofferingsinthetemple.

C.ThebuildingisdesignedforEmperortolivein.

D.TheNileRiverwitnessedthehistoryofthebuilding.

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheMet?

A.Issuesconnectedwitheconomiccrisiswillbediscussed

inMetSpeaks.

B.Visitorscanchoosesomethinginthegalleryandhave

fundrawingitonthewall.

C.Disabledpeoplewillfindvariousservicesandprograms

offeredespeciallyforthem.

D.Youcanemailaccess@metmuseum.orgformoreAdmission

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information.

B

OnMay28th,1998Iwasdrivingmy13-year-olddaughter

and14-year-oldsontoschool.Unfortunatelymycarcrashed

withatruck.Allthreeofuswerecriticallyinjured.Staceys

braininjurywasthemostsevere.Despiteallattemptstosave

her,shediedtwodayslater.WhenIbecameconscious,Iheard

myhusbandtalkingtotheorgandonorcoordinator器官捐助協(xié)

調(diào)員）.

WeknewthatStaceywouldwantthatbecausethatsthekind

ofpersonshewas.Shealwayswantedtoassistpeople.Shewas

alwayssmilingandbroughtsomuchjoytoothers.Shewas

friendlyandenjoyedwritingstoriesandpoetry.

IthasbeenacomforttoknowthatStaceylivesoninthe

livesofothers.IhaveevenmetthefamilyofoneofStaceys

kidneyrecipients序受人）.Thislittlegirlwas6yearsold

atthetimeofthetransplant.ShewassufferingfromNephrotic

Syndrome.IsawpicturesshowingtheeffectsoftheNephrotic

Syndromeandthepicturesofherafterthetransplant.They

alreadyshowedanamazingdifference.Wecorrespondeveryyear

throughletters,cardsandpictures.Thegirlisdoingreally

wellatschoolandwillbegraduatingfromhighschoolnextyear.

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Iamsogratefulthatwehavethisrelationship.Ialsofeel

relievedthatmydaughterhasmadesogreatadifferencetoa

personslife.

Overtheyears,Ihavehadsomekindofcontactwithall

oftherecipientsexcepttheheartrecipient.Imverysorryfor

that.Iwouldlovetohearsomethingfromtheheartrecipients

family.TherearesomanythingsthatIwonderabouther.I

wonderifsheisanythinglikeStacey.Doesshesmileallthe

time?Doessheenjoywritingstoriesandpoetry?Idohopethat

theycancontactus!

IfeelguiltybecauseIwastheonedrivingintheaccident

whichcausedStaceysdeath.Ialsofeelproudthatmydaughter

hashelpedsomanypeople.

4.WhendidStaceydiefromthetrafficaccident?

A.OnMay28th,1998B.OnMay29th,1998

C.OnMay31st,1998D.OnMay30th,1998

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They'refersto?

A.Thepicturestakenafterthetransplant.

B.ThepeoplewhoreceivedtheorgansofStacey.

C.Thepeoplewhocaredforthegirlinthehospital.

D.ThepicturesshowingtheeffectsoftheNephrotic

Syndrome.

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6.Whatisthewritersattitudetowardsherdaughters

organdonation?

A.GratefulB.DissatisfiedC.ProudD.Guilty

7.Whathasthewriterbeenlookingforwardtodoing?

A.Contactingthekidneyrecipientsfamily.

B.Visitingkidneyrecipientsfamily.

C.Gettingpaidfromtheheartfamily.

D.Seeingtheheartrecipient.

C

Whenwegiveourkidsholidaygifts,manyofuscantwait

toheartheirappreciativecriesof“thankyou!’oncethe

wrappinggetsrippedoff.Butheresatip:Youdbewisenotto

expectmuchgratitudefromthemforwhattheyreceive.

Gratitudecanmakeushappier,healthier,andevenfitter.

Butdothekidsshowtheirgratitudeforthestuffwebuythem?

AlltheresearchIvedonehasconvincedmethatitwonthappen.

Onemomtoldmethatwhensheaskedher16-year-oldsontothank

herforbuyinghimacellphone,hesaid,“Butthatswhatmoms

shoulddo.'Fromateenagersangle,itsaparents

responsibilitytotakecareofthefamily.AccordingtoDunham,

Yalesassistantprofessorofpsychology,“Whenteenagerscode

itthatway,agiftisnolongersomethinggivenfreelyand

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voluntarily'itsjustmomanddadlivinguptotheirobligation.

Parentsdohavetherighttodemandgoodmannersandchildren

shouldthanksincerelywhoevergivesthemsomething.Butkids

cantknowhowblessedtheyareunlesstheyhaveabasisfor

comparison.Andtheydontlearnthatbyaparentcomplaining

thattheyreungrateful.Weneedtogiveourchildrenthegift

ofawiderworldview.Showbyexamplethatgratitudeisntabout

stuffwhichultimatelycantmakeanyofushappyanyway.Its

aboutrealizinghowluckyyouareandpayingyourgoodfortune

forward.Youcancollectallthecharitableappealsandsit

downtogetherwiththekidstogothroughthem.Yousetthe

budgetforgivingandthekidsdecidehowitsdistributed.Once

theconversationaboutgratitudegetsstarted,itsmucheasier

tocontinueallyear.Alsoyoucansetupafamilyroutineat

bedtimewherekidsdescribethreethingsthathavemadethem

grateful.Whenkidsgoofftocollege,youcantextthema

pictureeachweekofsomethingthatinspiresyourappreciation.

Teachingchildrentofocusonthepositiveandappreciate

thegoodintheirlivesisperhapsthegreatestgiftwecangive

them.Andwecanalllearntogetherthatthethingsthatreally

matterarentonsaleatadepartmentstore.

8.Howdochildrenrespondwhenreceivinggiftsfromtheir

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parents?

A.Theyshownointerestintheirparentsgifts.

B.Theycantwaittoopentheirparentsgifts.

C.Theyshowmuchgratitudetotheirparentsforthegifts.

D.Theytaketheirparentsgiftsforgranted.

9.Tomakechildrengratefulforwhattheyhave,parents

should.

A.1iveuptotheirobligationB.asktheirchildrento

havegoodmanners

C.teachtheirchildrenbysettinganexampleD.complain

theirchildrenareungrateful

10.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Nogiftsaregreaterthanteachingchildrentobe

positiveandgrateful.

B.Childrenoughttorealizehowluckytheyaretohave

considerateparents.

C.Childrenaresupposedtodecidehowtodistributetheir

ownmoney

D.Itiseasyforparentstostarttheconversationabout

gratitude.

11.Whatsthepurposeoftheauthorwritingthistext?

A.Toexplainthereasonwhychildrenoffernogratitude

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totheirparents.

B.Togiveadvicetoparentsonhowtohelpchildren

developgratitude.

C.Toencourageparentstodothingstogetherwiththeir

children.

D.Toremindparentsoftheirresponsibilitytoeducate

theirchildren.

D

Peoplewithanimpulsivepersonalityrefertothosewho

tendtodothingswithoutconsideringthepossibledangersor

problemsfirst.Accordingtoanewstudybyresearchersatthe

UniversityofGeorgia,suchpeoplemaybemorelikelytohave

foodaddiction.Thestudyfoundthatpeopleexhibiting

impulsivebehaviorwerentnecessarilyoverweight,but

impulsivenesswasrelatedtoadirectrelationshipwithfood,

andtherefore,lesshealthyweight.

Foodaddictionhasbeencomparedtoaddictivedruguse.

Studieshave1inkedthedopamine多巴胺）releasethatoccurs

aftertastingdeliciousfoodtothedopaminereleasethat

happenswhenpeopleconsumeotheraddictivesubstances.

Impulsivebehaviorinvolvesseveralpersonalitytraits

（特點(diǎn)）.Twoofthesetraits,knownasnegativeurgencyandlack.

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ofperseverance,wereparticularlyassociatedwithfood

addictionandhighBMI（身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)）duringthestudy.

Negativeurgencyischaracterizedbythetendencyto

behaveimpulsivelywhenexperiencingnegativeemotions.Some

peoplemightdrinkalcoholortakedrugs.Forothers,itcould

meaneatingtofeelbetter.Lackofperseveranceiswhena

personhasahardtimefinishinghardorboringtasks.People

withalackofperseverancemighthavedifficultyattempting

tochangeaddictiveeatingbehavior,whichcouldalsocause

obesity.

“Impulsivenessmightbeonereasonwhysomepeopleeatin

anaddictivewaydespitemotivationtoloseweight,'saidDr.

AshleyGearhardt,aclinicalpsychologist.Hewasinvolvedin

developingtheYaleFoodAddictionScaleinaidofthosepeople.

“Wearetheorizingthatiffoodaddictionisreallyathing,

thenourmeasure,theYaleFoodAddictionScale,shouldbe

relatedtohelpingcontrolimpulsiveaction,'saidGearhardt.

ClinicalpsychologistDr.JamesMacKillop,whoselabwas

conductingthestudy,believesthattherapiesusedtotreat

addictivedrugbehaviorcouldhelppeoplewhosufferfrom

addictiveeatinghabits.

“Mostoftheprogramsforweightlossatthispointfocus

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onthemostobviousthings,whichareclearlydietand