浙江省部分校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月份聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省部分校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月份聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVisittheNewYorkBotanicalGardenTheNewYorkBotanicalGarden(NYBG)isanadvocatefortheplantworld.Wewelcomealltolearnabouttheimportanceofplantsandplantscience,andthejoyofgardening.UPCOMINGEVENTS·HOLIDAYTRAINSHOWTheNYBG’sHolidayTrainShow—afavoriteholidaytradition—hasbeenmakingmemoriesforover30years!Seemodeltrainspassthroughawonderfuldisplayofmorethan190replicas(復(fù)制品)ofNewYorklandmarks,eachre-createdfromnaturalmaterials.·T.H.EVERETT:ALIFEINPLANTSThroughT.H.Everett’sextensivearchive(檔案)heldbytheLuEstherT.MertzLibrary,weexplorethisinfluentialman’sextraordinarycareer,fromhismodestbeginningsinEnglandandearlytrainingattheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,tohispathtotheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.ADMISSIONAllvisitors,includingmembers,needticketsforentrytotheGarden.PurchaseattheGardenorreserveyourticketsinadvanceonlineanddisplaythemonyourmobiledeviceforquickerentry.PricingPublicMemberAdult$15FreeSenior(65+)$7FreeStudent(withID)$7FreeChild(2-12)$4FreeChildunder2FreeFreeOPENINGTIMES·January-July:10:00a.m.-4:00p.m.·August-December:10:00a.m.-6:00p.m.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheHOLIDAYTRAINSHOW?A.Celebrateatraditionalholiday. B.Tourthegardeninatrain.C.Watchamodel-trainsshow. D.Recreatelandmarkreplicas.2.Whatdoesthesecondeventfocuson?A.T.H.Everett’scareerlifeinplantstudy. B.T.H.Everett’sinfluenceonbotany.C.T.H.Everett’seducationalbackground. D.T.H.Everett’scontributiontothegarden.3.Whatistheadmissionfeeforanadultmemberwitha3-year-oldnon-member?A.Free. B.$4. C.$15. D.$19.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了紐約植物園即將開(kāi)展的活動(dòng)及入場(chǎng)費(fèi)。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW”部分關(guān)鍵句“Seemodeltrainspassthroughawonderfuldisplayofmorethan190replicas(復(fù)制品)ofNewYorklandmarks,eachre-createdfromnaturalmaterials.”（觀看火車(chē)模型穿過(guò)190多個(gè)紐約地標(biāo)復(fù)制品的精彩展示，每個(gè)復(fù)制品都是用天然材料重新打造的。）可知，游客在HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW上可以觀看火車(chē)模型穿過(guò)190多個(gè)紐約地標(biāo)復(fù)制品的精彩展示，由此可知，游客在HOLIDAYTRAINSHOW上可以觀看火車(chē)模型表演。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“T.H.EVERETT:ALIFEINPLANTS”部分內(nèi)容“ThroughT.H.Everett’sextensivearchive(檔案)heldbytheLuEstherT.MertzLibrary,weexplorethisinfluentialman’sextraordinarycareer,fromhismodestbeginningsinEnglandandearlytrainingattheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,tohispathtotheNewYorkBotanicalGarden.”（通過(guò)LuEstherT.Mertz圖書(shū)館保存的T.H.Everett的大量檔案，我們探索了這位有影響力的人非凡的職業(yè)生涯，從他在英國(guó)的謙虛起步和在英國(guó)皇家植物園的早期訓(xùn)練，到他進(jìn)入紐約植物園的道路。）可知，第二個(gè)活動(dòng)重點(diǎn)展示了T.H.Everett非凡的關(guān)于植物研究的職業(yè)生涯，由此可知，第二個(gè)活動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)是T.H.Everett的植物研究生涯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ADMISSION”部分表格中信息“Adult,Public:$15;Member:Free”（成人，民眾：15美元；會(huì)員：免費(fèi)）可知，一名成年會(huì)員的入場(chǎng)費(fèi)是免費(fèi)；根據(jù)“Child(2-12),Public:$4;Member:Free”（兒童（2-12歲），民眾：4美元；會(huì)員：免費(fèi)）可知，一名3歲的非會(huì)員的入場(chǎng)費(fèi)是4美元，經(jīng)過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算可知，一名成年會(huì)員和一名3歲的非會(huì)員的入場(chǎng)費(fèi)是4美元。故選B項(xiàng)。BTiredofworkinginITandstayingthesameinAustralia,PauloCattancodecidedtomakeachange.In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.Paulo,39,hasspentthelastfouryearsbikingthroughAustralia.SouthAmerica,NorthAmerica,andEurope,ridingupto12hoursadayandspendinghisnightsinhistentunderthestars.“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.”P(pán)aulowroteonhistraveljournal,“TravelingthroughLatinAmerica,IexploredtherainforestandlearnedSpanishandPortuguese.MexicohassomeofthebestfoodIeverhadandPeruisaninterestingplacewhereIcanenjoytheuniquelocalIndianculture,alsocalledIncacivilization.”P(pán)aulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.Thankfully,themotorbike,whichPauloboughtsecondhandinAustralia,hasnotrequiredanymajorrepairssincehesetoff.Thejourneyisn’talwayseasy,butPaulohasneverlookedback.Sadly,theCovid-19pandemicputastoptohistravelsinGreecewhenhetraveledaroundEurope,andPaulohashadtospendthelastfewmonthsinItaly,hishomeland.Oncetheworldisbackupandrunning,heplanstoreturntolifeontheroadandexploreAsiaandAfrica.4.WhatdidPaulobegintodoin2015?A.Heswitchedhisoccupation. B.Hestartedatraveladventure.C.Hecarriedoutasavingplan. D.Hepurchasedtravelequipment.5.WhatdoweknowaboutPaulo’sjourney?A.HeenjoyedthebestfoodinPeru. B.Themotorbikeoftentroubledhim.C.Hegotajobtosupporthistravel. D.TheviewinAustraliaappealedtohim.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribePaulo?A.Determinedandadventurous. B.Intelligentandeconomical.C.Ambitiousandidealistic. D.Humbleandknowledgeable.7.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Afitnessmagazine. B.Atraveljournal.C.Alifestylewebsite. D.Asportscolumn.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.A7.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了PauloCattanco放棄工作，騎著摩托車(chē)環(huán)游世界的經(jīng)歷，雖然他的冒險(xiǎn)旅程因?yàn)樾鹿谝咔槎坏貌恢袛啵撬麖奈捶艞壦拿半U(xiǎn)夢(mèng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“In2015hestartedastrictbudgetsohecouldsaveupenoughmoneytobuyhisdreamKTM1190motorbike,acamera,andenoughfundstosupporthimselfforafewyears.(2015年，他開(kāi)始了一個(gè)嚴(yán)格的預(yù)算，這樣他就可以存夠錢(qián)買(mǎi)他夢(mèng)想中的KTM1190摩托車(chē)，一個(gè)相機(jī)，和足夠的資金來(lái)養(yǎng)活自己幾年。)”可知，Paulo在2015年開(kāi)始實(shí)施了省錢(qián)計(jì)劃。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“AustraliaformewasmyfirstexperienceridinglongdistanceandIwasmind-blownbythebeautyoftheoldcontinent.(澳大利亞對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是我第一次長(zhǎng)途騎行的經(jīng)歷，我被這片古老大陸的美景所震撼。)”可知，澳大利亞的景色吸引了Paulo。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thenhegaveuphisjob,packedhisthings,andsetoffonanadventure,travellingtheworldonhismotorbike.(然后他放棄了工作，收拾好行李，開(kāi)始了一段冒險(xiǎn)之旅，騎著他的摩托車(chē)環(huán)游世界。)”可知，Paulo喜歡冒險(xiǎn)，和第四段中“Paulohasmanagedtokeephistravelsgoingbykeepinghisbudgettight,sohehasn’thadtogetajobforhistravels.Tokeepcostslow,heseldomlookedforaccommodationinhotelsandwentcampinginstead.(保羅通過(guò)保持緊縮的預(yù)算來(lái)維持他的旅行，這樣他就不用為他的旅行找工作了。為了保持低成本，他很少在旅館住宿，而是去露營(yíng)。)”可知，雖然預(yù)算緊張，但是Paulo沒(méi)有放棄自己的旅行夢(mèng)想，所以說(shuō)他很有決心，故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了PauloCattanco放棄工作，騎著摩托車(chē)環(huán)游世界的經(jīng)歷，雖然他的冒險(xiǎn)旅程因?yàn)樾鹿谝咔槎坏貌恢袛?，但是他從未放棄他的冒險(xiǎn)夢(mèng)。由此可知，文章講的是PauloCattanco所追求的一種生活方式，所以文章可能選自一個(gè)有關(guān)生活方式的網(wǎng)站，故選C。CInrecentyears,townsacrossItalyhavebeenracingtolaunchplansaimedatattractingnewresidentstorevivethetowns.Fromabandonedhomessellingforaeuro,toready-to-occupyhousesatlowprices,therehasbeenatendencyforcompetition.ThepicturesquetownofPresicceisthelatesttoenterthegamewithaveryalluringoffer.Officialssaytheywillpaypeopleupto30,000eurostobuyanemptyhouseandtakeupresidency.Evenbetter,thehousesforsaleaspartofthedealarepricedaround25,000euros.Thecashmotivationisexpectedtobreathenewlifeintothedepopulatingtown,wherenewbornsarefewereachyear.PresiccetracesitshistorytotheMiddleAges,boomingduringtheRenaissanceasaprosperousplaceknownforitsfinewine,cheesesandcattletrade.Itgainsareputationasa“townofgreengold”forgreenolivetreesandoliveoil.Itslocationisincredible,surroundedbythenatureoftheSalentoareaandclosetobeautifulbeachesandclearwatersofSantaMariadiLeuca.“Therearemanyemptyhomesinthehistoricalcenterbuiltbefore1991whichwewouldliketoseealiveagainwithnewresidents,”sayslocalcouncilorAlfredoPalese.“Itisapitywitnessinghowourolddistrictsfullofhistory,wonderfularchitectureandartareslowlyemptying.”AccordingtoPalese,a2019merger(合并)withthenearbytownAcquaricatocreatethelargertownPresicce-Acquaricahasprovidedthemwithextramoneytoensuretheprojectcancontinueforyearstocome.“AfterthemergerasperItalianlaw,ourwiderterritorywillbeblessedwithmorepublicfunds,roughly1,000,000eurosperyearforseveralyearsforward,whichweintendtoinvesttorenewtheolddistrict,”saysPalese.Thetownhallhasalreadylaunchedotherplanstoattractmoreresidents,includingtaxbenefitstosetupnewbusinessactivitiesandbabybonusesforfamilieswithkids.8.WhatproblemdomanyItaliantownsface?A.Depressedhousingmarket. B.Financialcrisis.C.Fiercebusinesscompetition. D.Populationdecline.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alluring”inparagraph2mean?A.Conditional. B.Attractive. C.Formal. D.Reasonable.10.What’stheauthor’purposeofwritingparagraph3?A.ToshowPresicce’spastglory. B.TointroducePresice’straditionalculture.C.Toadvertiseahistoricaltown. D.TostresstheimportanceofrevivingPresicce.11.WhydidPaleseandAcquaricamergein2019?A.Tocreatewiderterritory. B.Togainmorefunds.C.Toattractmoreinvestment. D.TofollowItalianlaw.〖答案〗8.D9.B10.D11.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了意大利各地的城鎮(zhèn)都在競(jìng)相推出旨在吸引新居民來(lái)振興城鎮(zhèn)的計(jì)劃?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段最后一句提到“Thecashmotivationisexpectedtobreathenewlifeintothedepopulatingtown,wherenewbornsarefewereachyear.”（現(xiàn)金的刺激有望為這個(gè)人口日益減少的小鎮(zhèn)注入新的活力，這里的新生兒每年都在減少。）由此判斷，很多意大利小鎮(zhèn)面臨的問(wèn)題是人口數(shù)量的減少。故選D。【9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。第二段第二句提到“Officialssaytheywillpaypeopleupto30,000eurostobuyanemptyhouseandtakeupresidency.Evenbetter,thehousesforsaleaspartofthedealarepricedaround25,000euros.”（官員們表示，他們將向購(gòu)買(mǎi)空房子并居住的人支付高達(dá)3萬(wàn)歐元的費(fèi)用。更妙的是，作為交易的一部分，待售房屋的價(jià)格在2.5萬(wàn)歐元左右。）能夠以更低的價(jià)格購(gòu)買(mǎi)房子并且購(gòu)買(mǎi)房子后還可以得到一筆費(fèi)用，這是一個(gè)非常誘人的條件！A.Conditional有條件的；B.Attractive有吸引力的；C.Formal正式的；D.Reasonable合理的。attractive(有吸引力的)符合文意，故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。第三段第一、二、三句提到“PresiccetracesitshistorytotheMiddleAges,boomingduringtheRenaissanceasaprosperousplaceknownforitsfinewine,cheesesandcattletrade.Itgainsareputationasa“townofgreengold”forgreenolivetreesandoliveoil.Itslocationisincredible,surroundedbythenatureoftheSalentoareaandclosetobeautifulbeachesandclearwatersofSantaMariadiLeuca.”（雷西塞的歷史可以追溯到中世紀(jì)，在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期蓬勃發(fā)展，以優(yōu)質(zhì)葡萄酒、奶酪和牲畜貿(mào)易而聞名。它因綠油油的橄欖樹(shù)和橄欖油而享有“綠色黃金之城”的美譽(yù)。它的位置令人難以置信，被薩倫托地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境所包圍，靠近美麗的海灘和圣瑪麗亞迪盧卡的清澈海水。）這三句提到了Presicce優(yōu)美的自然風(fēng)光和令人聞名的特產(chǎn)，說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)非常宜居的地方，但由于各種原因有著很多空置房間。后文提到““Therearemanyemptyhomesinthehistoricalcenterbuiltbefore1991whichwewouldliketoseealiveagainwithnewresidents,”sayslocalcouncilorAlfredoPalese.“Itisapitywitnessinghowourolddistrictsfullofhistory,wonderfularchitectureandartareslowlyemptying.””（當(dāng)?shù)刈h員AlfredoPalese說(shuō)：“在1991年之前建造的歷史中心有許多空置的房屋，我們希望看到新居民重新活躍起來(lái)?！薄翱吹轿覀兡切┏錆M歷史、美妙建筑和藝術(shù)的老城區(qū)正在慢慢清空，真是令人遺憾。”）當(dāng)?shù)刈h員希望這些美麗的地方不要被空置，因此通過(guò)展示當(dāng)?shù)氐拿篮脕?lái)吸引更多的人入住，使得這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)重新煥發(fā)生機(jī)。D項(xiàng)“TostresstheimportanceofrevivingPresicce.”（強(qiáng)調(diào)振興Presicce的重要性）該項(xiàng)符合文意。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。第四段第一句提到“AccordingtoPalese,a2019merger(合并)withthenearbytownAcquaricatocreatethelargertownPresicce-Acquaricahasprovidedthemwithextramoneytoensuretheprojectcancontinueforyearstocome.”（根據(jù)Palese的說(shuō)法，2019年與附近的小鎮(zhèn)Acquarica合并，創(chuàng)建了更大的小鎮(zhèn)Presicce-Acquarica，這為他們提供了額外的資金，以確保該項(xiàng)目可以在未來(lái)幾年繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。）由此判斷，兩個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的合并是為了吸引更多的資金。故選B。DTreesnaturallyabsorbedCO?throughphotosynthesis(光合作用),releasingoxygen,storingcarbonfordecades,orevencenturies.BiotechnologyfirmLivingCarbonsayslabtrialsofitsgenetically-changedpoplartreestakeupmorecarbonandgrow1.5timesfasterthanunchangedones.Theteamaddedgenesfrompumpkintothepoplars,whichmakestheirphotosynthesismoreefficient,turningmorecarbondioxideintosugarstocreatewoodbiomass(生物量).Thoughthefirm’slabresultsarepromising,biologistswarnthathighgrowthratesarenotguaranteedinthewildasthepoplarscompeteforsunlightwithotherplantsandtrees.Genetically-modified(GM)supertreesmayalsoneedmuchwateringandfertilizertokeeptheirrapidgrowth.TheresultsareimportantgiventherateofclimatechangeandclimbingCO?levelsintheatmosphere.ButcriticssaythereareriskstoplantingGMtreesinthewildiftheyreproducewithothertrees,ornegativelyaffectotherplantandanimalspecies.LivingCarbonsaystreesareahybridthatcanonlyreproducefromcuttings,socannotcross-pollinate(授粉)withwildtrees.Ifthefieldtrialsaresuccessfulthenitwillstilltaketimetogetapprovalfromthegovernment.Onesixth,around135,treespeciesintheUSmayfaceextinctionduetoclimatechange,foreigninsectspecies,ordisease.AndeventhoughfieldtrialsofaGMchestnuttreehaveshownitsabilitytoresistsomeforeigndiseasethatwipedoutbillionsofAmericanchestnuts,itstillhasnotbeenapprovedforplanting.IfCO?storageistheaimthentherearespeciesthatalreadyfitthebill.California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.Redwoodsarenotsuitableforeveryforestryplot,socreatingclimateadaptabletreesthroughreproducingprogramsthatfitintolocalecosystemsisthegoal.Butintherushtofixtheclimatecrisis,increaseCO?uptake,andcarbonstorage,GMsupertreesmaybepartofthatsolution.12.Howwasthepoplars’carboncapacityimproved?A.Byabsorbingcarbondioxide. B.Byproducingwoodbiomass.C.Byspeedingupphotosynthesis. D.Byengineeringtheirgenes.13.WhatisthepotentialdisadvantageoftheGMtrees?A.Theyreproducedwithotherplants. B.Itisimpossibletogetapproval.C.Itishardtogrowfastinthewild. D.Theyarenotcompetitiveenough.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fitthebill”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Beunusual. B.Beavailable. C.Beunsuitable. D.Bevaluable.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SupertreesCouldBeClimateFix. B.SupertreesTakeupMoreCarbon.C.ChangeofGenesReduceCO?. D.ChangesofGenesBringsEfficiency.〖答案〗12.D13.C14.B15.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了加利福尼亞的紅杉樹(shù)樹(shù)比其他任何物種都能儲(chǔ)存更多的碳。紅杉并不適合每一塊林地，因此通過(guò)繁殖計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造適應(yīng)氣候的樹(shù)木，以適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)是目標(biāo)。但在急于解決氣候危機(jī)、增加二氧化碳吸收和碳儲(chǔ)存的過(guò)程中，轉(zhuǎn)基因超級(jí)樹(shù)可能是解決方案的一部分?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“BiotechnologyfirmLivingCarbonsayslabtrialsofitsgenetically-changedpoplartreestakeupmorecarbonandgrow1.5timesfasterthanunchangedones.(生物技術(shù)公司LivingCarbon表示，對(duì)其轉(zhuǎn)基因楊樹(shù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)吸收了更多的碳，生長(zhǎng)速度是未轉(zhuǎn)基因楊樹(shù)的1.5倍。)”可知，通過(guò)改造楊樹(shù)的基因來(lái)提高它們的碳容量，故選D?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thoughthefirm’slabresultsarepromising,biologistswarnthathighgrowthratesarenotguaranteedinthewildasthepoplarscompeteforsunlightwithotherplantsandtrees.Genetically-modified(GM)supertreesmayalsoneedmuchwateringandfertilizertokeeptheirrapidgrowth.(盡管該公司的實(shí)驗(yàn)室結(jié)果令人鼓舞，但生物學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，由于白楊與其他植物和樹(shù)木爭(zhēng)奪陽(yáng)光，野外的高生長(zhǎng)率并不能得到保證。轉(zhuǎn)基因超級(jí)樹(shù)也可能需要大量的水和肥料來(lái)保持它們的快速生長(zhǎng)。)”可推知，轉(zhuǎn)基因樹(shù)的潛在缺點(diǎn)是很難在野外快速生長(zhǎng)，故選C?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)下文“California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.(加利福尼亞的紅杉樹(shù)比其他任何物種都能儲(chǔ)存更多的碳。)”可知，加利福尼亞的紅杉樹(shù)比其他任何物種都能儲(chǔ)存更多的碳，這說(shuō)明如果二氧化碳儲(chǔ)存是目標(biāo)的話，那么紅杉樹(shù)是合適的，由此可推知，畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)意為“合適的”與B項(xiàng)“Beavailable.(可利用的；合適的)”意思一樣，故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“California’sRedwoodtreesstoremorecarbonthananyotherspecies.Redwoodsarenotsuitableforeveryforestryplot,socreatingclimateadaptabletreesthroughreproducingprogramsthatfitintolocalecosystemsisthegoal.Butintherushtofixtheclimatecrisis,increaseCO?uptake,andcarbonstorage,GMsupertreesmaybepartofthatsolution.(加利福尼亞的紅杉樹(shù)比其他任何物種都能儲(chǔ)存更多的碳。紅杉并不適合每一塊林地，因此通過(guò)繁殖計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造適應(yīng)氣候的樹(shù)木，以適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)是目標(biāo)。但在急于解決氣候危機(jī)、增加二氧化碳吸收和碳儲(chǔ)存的過(guò)程中，轉(zhuǎn)基因超級(jí)樹(shù)可能是解決方案的一部分。)”可知，文章主要介紹了轉(zhuǎn)基因超級(jí)樹(shù)可以幫助解決氣候危機(jī)，A項(xiàng)“超級(jí)樹(shù)可能修復(fù)氣候。”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Isyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty?Thissayingisoftenusedtotestpeople’soutlookinasituation;dotheyfocusonthepositives(ahalf-fullglass)orthenegatives(ahalf-emptyone)?___16___—andit’sknowntoboostyourwell-being.Whyisthinkingpositivelygoodforyou?Researchshowsthatpeoplewhoareoptimisticandthinkpositivelytendtoexperiencelessstressandcopewellwhenfacedwithlife’schallenges.Peoplewhoaremorepessimisticmayfindithardtobelievethatthesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshaveevenfoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyoulivelonger.AccordingtoProfessorTaliSharot,beingoptimisticaboutthefuturecanmakeyouhappierandmoresuccessful.___17___Worryingislikeafirealarm.Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe—ifyouwereneverworriedandwereoverlypositiveabouthowthingswouldturnout,youwouldn’trecognizerisks.“___18___It’slikeafirealarm,”sayschildpsychotherapistRachelMelville-Thomas.“Thetroubleisthatsometimesitgoesoffwhenthereisn’tahugedangertoface.”Whenthishappens,youcanfeelanxiousandhopelessaboutwhatliesahead.___19___Optimismisshapedbyyourgenes,whichcarrycharacteristicsinheritedfromyourparents,andbywhathappenstoyou.___20___Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.A.Learntothinkpositively.B.Sometimesworryingcandoharmtoourhealth.C.Thewayyouthinkpositivelyornegativelylargelydependsonyourgenes.D.Worryingisourbrainwarningusthattheremightbesomethingthreatening.E.However,nomatteryourstartingpoint,everyonecanlearntobecomemoreoptimistic.F.Thinkingpositively,withabeliefthatmostthingswillturnoutwell,iscalledoptimism.G.This’sbecauseyoubelieveyourgoalsareachievable,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.〖答案〗16.F17.G18.D19.A20.E【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了積極的思考帶來(lái)的好處，以及怎么樣學(xué)會(huì)積極的思考?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Thissayingisoftenusedtotestpeople’soutlookinasituation;dotheyfocusonthepositives(ahalf-fullglass)orthenegatives(ahalf-emptyone)?(這句話經(jīng)常被用來(lái)測(cè)試人們?cè)谀撤N情況下的看法；他們關(guān)注的是積極的一面(半滿的杯子)還是消極的一面(半空的杯子)?)”以及后文“andit’sknowntoboostyourwell-being.(眾所周知，它能促進(jìn)你的健康)”可知，空處應(yīng)是講述積極的影響，所以F項(xiàng)“Thinkingpositively,withabeliefthatmostthingswillturnoutwell,iscalledoptimism.(積極地思考，相信大多數(shù)事情都會(huì)有好的結(jié)果，這叫做樂(lè)觀主義)”符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】分析設(shè)空，位于段尾，應(yīng)是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Researchshowsthatpeoplewhoareoptimisticandthinkpositivelytendtoexperiencelessstressandcopewellwhenfacedwithlife’schallenges.Peoplewhoaremorepessimisticmayfindithardtobelievethatthesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshaveevenfoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyoulivelonger.AccordingtoProfessorTaliSharot,beingoptimisticaboutthefuturecanmakeyouhappierandmoresuccessful.(研究表明，樂(lè)觀和積極思考的人在面對(duì)生活挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)往往會(huì)經(jīng)歷更少的壓力，并能很好地應(yīng)對(duì)。更悲觀的人可能很難相信這些挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)過(guò)去。科學(xué)家們甚至發(fā)現(xiàn)，積極思考可以讓你活得更久。根據(jù)TaliSharot教授的說(shuō)法，對(duì)未來(lái)持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度可以讓你更快樂(lè)，更成功)”可知，G項(xiàng)“This’sbecauseyoubelieveyourgoalsareachievable,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.(這是因?yàn)槟阆嘈拍愕哪繕?biāo)是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的，這鼓勵(lì)你朝著目標(biāo)努力)”符合文意，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe—ifyouwereneverworriedandwereoverlypositiveabouthowthingswouldturnout,youwouldn’trecognizerisks.(每個(gè)人都會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)地?fù)?dān)心。擔(dān)心可以幫助你保持安全——如果你從不擔(dān)心，對(duì)事情的結(jié)果過(guò)于樂(lè)觀，你就不會(huì)意識(shí)到風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，本段主要講述了擔(dān)心的好處，在根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Worryingislikeafirealarm.(憂慮就像火警)”，可知D項(xiàng)“Worryingisourbrainwarningusthattheremightbesomethingthreatening.(擔(dān)心是我們的大腦警告我們可能會(huì)有威脅)”符合本段主題，其中Worrying為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】分析設(shè)空，是本段的小標(biāo)題，是對(duì)本段的高度概括，根據(jù)下文“Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.(研究表明，畫(huà)或?qū)懸粋€(gè)積極的結(jié)果會(huì)有所幫助——例如，你彈吉他的畫(huà)面，已經(jīng)通過(guò)了下一次考試。想象一下可以激勵(lì)你去實(shí)現(xiàn)它，比如每天放學(xué)后練習(xí))”可知，本句主要講述了，要學(xué)會(huì)積極的想象一些事情，也就是積極地思考，所以A項(xiàng)“Learntothinkpositively.(學(xué)會(huì)積極思考)”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Optimismisshapedbyyourgenes,whichcarrycharacteristicsinheritedfromyourparents,andbywhathappenstoyou.(樂(lè)觀是由你的基因塑造的，它帶有從你父母那里遺傳來(lái)的特征，也由你身上發(fā)生的事情決定)”以及后文“Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat’spositive—forexample,animageofyouplayingguitar,havingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit,suchaspracticingeverydayafterschool.(研究表明，畫(huà)或?qū)懸粋€(gè)積極的結(jié)果會(huì)有所幫助——例如，你彈吉他的畫(huà)面，已經(jīng)通過(guò)了下一次考試。想象一下可以激勵(lì)你去實(shí)現(xiàn)它，比如每天放學(xué)后練習(xí))”可知，E項(xiàng)“However,nomatteryourstartingpoint,everyonecanlearntobecomemoreoptimistic.(然而，無(wú)論你的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是什么，每個(gè)人都可以學(xué)會(huì)變得更加樂(lè)觀)”和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選E項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwaswaitinginacheckoutline.Awomanandtwoboyswereaheadofme.Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto___21___hisgoods.Thencamethe___22___.Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons(優(yōu)惠券),orsomeonewhoforgotto___23___apieceoffruit.Fairenough.Onewaited.Buttoday,itwassomethingelse.Themandidn’thave___24___money.Sohebegantheprocessofchoosingwhich___25___tokeepandwhichtohandback.He___26___overeachonebeforekeepingorabandoningit.Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.Eventually,his___27___cametoanend.Themanturnedbacktousasheleft,___28___andapologetic.We___29___offhischagrin(懊惱).Itcouldhappentoanyone.ButIhadnoideajusthow___30___thefamilyofthreeaheadofmewereuntiltheirturncame.Thewomanaskedthecashiertoaddallthe___31___goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible.Thenthetwoboys___32___throughtheexitwiththesmallbagofgroceries.Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen___33___.ThenIrealizedallittooktowitnessthisflashof___34___waswaitingalittlelongerinacheckoutline.Icouldhavecaughtthebus.ButIfeltso___35___onmyfeetthatIwalkedhomeinstead.21.A.bag B.list C.check D.receive22.A.question B.barrier C.difficulty D.conflict23.A.fetch B.slice C.weigh D.taste24.A.adequate B.pocket C.extra D.bonus25.A.tools B.items C.drinks D.snacks26.A.doubted B.glanced C.shifted D.paused27.A.delay B.evaluation C.checkup D.selection28.A.thrilled B.anxious C.embarrassed D.satisfied29.A.blew B.waved C.cut D.kicked30.A.helpless B.sympathetic C.patient D.annoyed31.A.expensive B.thrown-away C.left-behind D.major32.A.dashed B.slipped C.walked D.moved33.A.accomplished B.failed C.postponed D.started34.A.tenderness B.courage C.kindness D.tolerance35.A.fast B.heavy C.clumsy D.light〖答案〗21.A22.A23.C24.A25.B26.D27.D28.C29.B30.B31.C32.A33.A34.C35.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在商店結(jié)賬時(shí)，遇到了一位錢(qián)不夠的老人，排在作者前面的女士和兩個(gè)男孩為老人留下的物品付了錢(qián)，送給了老人?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在收銀臺(tái)，一位白發(fā)老人已經(jīng)開(kāi)始打包他的貨物。A.bag裝進(jìn)袋子；B.list列清單；C.check檢查；D.receive收到。根據(jù)上文“Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto”可知，指在收銀臺(tái)打包自己要買(mǎi)的物品。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后問(wèn)題來(lái)了。A.question問(wèn)題；B.barrier障礙；C.difficulty困難；D.conflict沖突。后文“Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons,orsomeonewhoforgotto”主要描述了在收銀臺(tái)會(huì)遇到的問(wèn)題。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)是有很多優(yōu)惠券的顧客，或者是忘記稱水果重量的人。A.fetch取來(lái)；B.slice切成薄片；C.weigh稱重；D.taste品嘗。根據(jù)上文“Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons,orsomeonewhoforgotto”主要描述了收銀臺(tái)存在的問(wèn)題，即有時(shí)是有很多優(yōu)惠券的顧客，或者是忘記稱水果重量的人。故選C。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)人沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)。A.adequate足夠的；B.pocket袖珍的；C.extra額外的；D.bonus獎(jiǎng)金。根據(jù)后文“tokeepandwhichtohandback”可知，老人沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)買(mǎi)下所有的東西。故選A。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，他開(kāi)始選擇哪些要保留，哪些要?dú)w還。A.tools工具；B.items物品；C.drinks飲料；D.snacks小吃。此處指第一段中“hisgoods”提到的物品，他開(kāi)始選擇哪些要保留，哪些要?dú)w還。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他在每一個(gè)東西上都停下來(lái)，然后保留或放棄。A.doubted懷疑；B.glanced一撇；C.shifted轉(zhuǎn)移；D.paused暫停。根據(jù)后文“Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.(我們等待著。排在前面的隊(duì)伍越來(lái)越長(zhǎng))”可知，他在每一個(gè)東西上都停下來(lái)，然后保留或放棄。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他選完了。A.delay推遲；B.evaluation評(píng)估；C.checkup檢查；D.selection選擇。根據(jù)后文“Themanturnedbacktousasheleft”可知，老人終于選完了東西。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那人離開(kāi)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)身對(duì)著我們，尷尬而又抱歉。A.thrilled激動(dòng)的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)后文“andapologetic”指老人因?yàn)榈⒄`了別人的時(shí)間尷尬而抱歉。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們揮手示意他不再懊惱。A.blew吹；B.waved揮舞；C.cut切割；D.kicked踢。根據(jù)后文“offhischagrin.Itcouldhappentoanyone”可知，隊(duì)伍后面的人揮手表示不在意，故選B。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我不知道前面那一家三口是多么富有同情心，直到輪到他們。A.helpless無(wú)助的；B.sympathetic同情的；C.patient耐心的；D.annoyed生氣的。根據(jù)后文提到這家人買(mǎi)下了老人的東西送給老人，可知很有同情心。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這名婦女要求收銀員盡快把所有剩下的貨物加到她的賬單上。A.expensive昂貴的；B.thrown-away信口開(kāi)河的；C.left-behind被遺忘的，遺留的；D.major主要的。對(duì)應(yīng)上文“beforekeepingorabandoningit”指老人丟下的東西。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，這兩個(gè)男孩拿著那小包食品從出口沖了出去。A.dashed猛沖；B.slipped滑動(dòng)；C.walked散步；D.moved移動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible”可知，時(shí)間緊急，這兩個(gè)男孩拿著那小包食品從出口沖了出去。故選A。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們回來(lái)時(shí)，很明顯他們的任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成了。A.accomplished完成；B.failed失??；C.postponed延期；D.started開(kāi)始。根據(jù)上文“Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen”可知，男孩回來(lái)說(shuō)明東西已經(jīng)送到了，即任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成了。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我意識(shí)到，要見(jiàn)證這一瞬間的善意，只需要在收銀臺(tái)前多等一會(huì)兒。A.tenderness柔軟；B.courage勇氣；C.kindness善良；D.tolerance忍受。根據(jù)上文“ThenIrealizedallittooktowitnessthisflashof”指見(jiàn)證了這一家人的善良。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我覺(jué)得我的腳輕松，我走回家了。A.fast快速的；B.heavy沉重的；C.clumsy笨拙的；D.light輕的。根據(jù)后文“onmyfeetthatIwalkedhomeinstead”走路回家是因?yàn)楦杏X(jué)腳步輕松，故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ManyforeignersfirstlearnaboutChineseculturethroughnumerousChineserestaurants___36___(find)allovertheworld.ThesecondimpressionofChinesecultureisoftenPekingOpera,___37___masksarenowalmostsymbolicofChina.Manycountriesdesignposters___38___(use)PekingOperamaskstosignala“YearofChineseCulture”.___39___impressespeoplemostistheartisticbeautyofPekingOperamasks,whichservetwopurposes.Oneistoindicatetheidentityandcharacteroftherole.Forexample,aredfacemeansthatthepersonisloyalandbrave___40___awhitefaceidentifiesthepersonasfoxyandevil.Theotherpurposeistoexpresspeople’s___41___(assess)oftherolesfromamoralandaesthetic(美學(xué)的)pointofview,suchasrespectable,hatefulornobleetc.ZhangFei,aheroiccharacterfromThreeKingdomsPeriod(220-280),hasa___42___(face)designintheshapeofabutterfly—___43___perfectcombinationofpersonalityandartisticdesign.ThebeautyofthecoloranddesignofPekingOperamasksaddstotheattractiveperformance___44___stage.Therefore,PekingOperamasks___45___(adopt)asasourceelementindesigningmanyChinesefolkhandicrafts,posters,andfashions.〖答案〗36.found37.whose38.using39.What40.while41.assessment42.facial43.a44.on45.areadopted【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了京劇臉譜?！?6題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：許多外國(guó)人第一次了解中國(guó)文化是通過(guò)遍布世界各地的中餐館。動(dòng)詞find和Chineserestaurants之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)，故填found?！?7題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：對(duì)中國(guó)文化的第二印象往往是京劇，京劇臉譜現(xiàn)在幾乎是中國(guó)的象征。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是PekingOpera，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，和masks之間是所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)，故填whose?！?8題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：許多國(guó)家用京劇臉譜來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)海報(bào)，標(biāo)志著“中國(guó)文化年”。動(dòng)詞use和邏輯主語(yǔ)countries之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語(yǔ)，故填using?！?9題詳析】