2022-2023學(xué)年福建省寧德市高三上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

2022-2023學(xué)年福建省寧德市高三（上）期中英語(yǔ)試卷

題號(hào)一二三四五總分

得分

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用

橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

Fromprehistoric（史前的）cavepaintingstomodern-daydogshows,humans1loveandfascinationfor

animalshaslongremained.Thefollowingprojectsshowyouhowhumansareworkingtocreateabrighter

futureforanimals.

BigCatsInitiative

Thishastheprimarygoalofstoppingthedeclineinthepopulationofbigcatsworldwidesince2009.In

Africa,thismeansensuringthemonitoringandprotectionofspecieslikelionsandcheetahs,whose

numbershavedeclinedsharplyoverthelastcentury.WiththeInitiative'shelp,thesespecieswillcontinue

toliveintheirnaturalhabitats,safefromillegalhunting,environmentaldegradation,andother

humaninfluences.Finditon：ExploreKrugerNationalPark.

PolarBearsInternational

Climatechangehasthreatenedtheworld'spolarbearpopulations：Astheplanetwarms,thesecreatures

risklosingmoreoftheiricyhabitatthaneverbefore.Thisprojectworkstoreducegreenhousegas

emissionsthatcausethemeltingoftheArcticseaiceuponwhichpolarbearsdepend,andtoraise

awarenessabouttheplight（困境）ofthisbeautifulanimal.Finditon：CanadianPolarBearExperience.

VembanadWetlandsConservationProgram

Since2005,theprogramhasworkedtoprotectthehabitatofplantsandanimalsinthewetlandsof

VembanadLakeinIndia.Theorganizationalsoteachesandmonitorssustainablefishingpracticesthere；

travelerswilllearnfromfishermenhowfishingpracticesarecarriedoutinawaythatdoesnodamageto

theseimportantwaters.Finditon：IconicIndia.

SeaTurtleConservancy

Seaturtlesdependonseagrasses.Whenthesegrassesdie,theturtlesareplacedatseriousrisk.Thishasa

cyclicaleffect：seagrasses,likeregulargrassonland,dependonregular"mowing1'tocontinuegrowing,

andwithoutturtlestofeedonit,thegrassitselfstopsthriving,whichthreatenshundredsofotherspecies

whouseseagrassesforshelter.Finditon：ExploreCostaRica.

1.WhywasBigCatsInitiativesetup?

A.Topreventbigcatsfromillness.

B.Tomonitorthepopulationofbigcats.

C.Toprotecttheendangeredbigcats.

D.Tostoptheenvironmentfromworsening.

2.Wherecanvisitorspracticeeco-friendlyfishing?

A.InKrugerNationalParkB.IntheArcticsea.

C.InVembanadLake.D.InCostaRica.

3.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecyclicaleffectofseaturtles'extinction?

A.Theseagrassesgrowingbetter..

B.Theocean'secosystemsbreakingdown.

C.Mostoceanicanimalsdyingout.

D.Someoceaniclifehavingmoreshelters.

B

IwastrainedasagymnastinHunan,China,inthe1970s.Thegovernmentwantedtotransfer（轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)）

metoaschoolforathleteswhilemyparentswantedmetobecomeanengineer,becausetheyfirmly

believedtherewasonlyonesurewaytohappiness：asafeandwell-paidjob.

ButmydreamwastobecomeaChineseoperasinger.AlthoughItriedeverythingIcouldtogotoopera

school,IknewIwastoooldtobetrainedandmydreamwouldnevercometrue.

Butthat'ssounfair.SoIwasdeterminedtofindanothercalling-books.Isatisfiedmyhungerforparental

advicefromtheFuLei'sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,foundmyrolemodelofanindependent

womanfromJaneEyre,learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,andinspiredmyselftostudy

abroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.

IcametotheU.S.in1995whereIstartedcomparativereading.Comparingandcontrastinggivescholarsa

morecompleteunderstandingofatopic.SoIthought,well,ifcomparativereadingworksforresearch,

whynotdoitindailylifetoo?SoIstartedreadingbooksinpairs.Theycanbeaboutpeoplewhoare

involvedinthesameevent-BenjaminFranklinbyWalterIsaacsonandJohnAdamsbyDavid

McCullough,forexample,orfriendswithsharedexperiences.!alsocomparethesamestoriesindifferent

genresorsimilarstoriesfromdifferentcultures,asJosephCampbelldidinhiswonderfulbookThePower

ofMyth.

Bookshavegivenmeamagicportal（入口）toconnectwithpeopleofthepastandthepresent.Ihave

cometobelievethatcomingtrueisnottheonlypurposeofadream.Itsmostimportantpurposeistogetus

intouchwithwheredreamscomefrom,wherepassioncomesfromandwherehappinesscomesfrom.Even

ashattered（遭受極大打擊的）dreamcandothatforyou.Somaybooksbealwayswithyou.

4.What'sthepurposeofparagraph1?

A.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.

B.Tolistsomeexamples.

C.Tomakeacomparison.

D.Tosummarizetheparagraphsbelow.

5.Fromwhichbookdidtheauthorgetthemotivationtostudyabroad?

A.FuLei'sFamilyLetters.B.JaneEyre.

C.CheaperbytheDozen.D.CompleteWorksofSanmao.

6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Thefutureofcomparativereading.

B.Theconceptofcomparativereading.

C.Thewriter'sexperiencesofcomparativereading.

D.Thewriter'sachievementsofcomparativereading.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowIChaseMyDreams

B.HowBooksOpenMyMind

C.WhyIAmKeenonComparativeReading

D.WhyaShatteredDreamChangesMyLife

c

AstudybytheUniversityCollegeLondon（UCL）hasshownthatstaringatlongwavelengthlightfor

threeminuteseverydaycansignificantlyimprovevisioninthoseaged40andabove.

Cellsintheretina（視網(wǎng)膜）oftheeyebegintoworsenataround40yearsofage.Accordingtothe

researchers,thepaceofthisageingiscausedpartlybyadeclineinthecellmitochondria,whoseroleisto

produceenergyandboostcellfunction.ProfessorGlenJefferyoftheUCLInstituteofOphthalmologysaid,

uAsyouage,yourvisualsystemdeclinessignificantly,particularlyonceover40.Yourretinalsensitivity

andyourcolorvisionarebothgraduallyundermined（破壞）,andwithanageingpopulation,thisisan

increasinglyimportantissue.*'

Totrytostoporchangethisdecline,theresearcherssoughttorestarttheretina'sageingcellswithshort

burstsoflong-wavelight.Theyrecruited24people,agedbetween28and72,whohadnoocular（眼睛

的）diseasetotakepartintheirstudy.TheparticipantsweregivenspecialLEDtorchestotakehomeand

wereaskedtogazeintoitsdeepred670nmlightbeamforthreeminutesadayfortwoweeks.Theywere

thenretestedforcolorvisionaswellasforvisionatlowlightlevels.Theabilitytodetectcolorsimproved

byupto20%insomepeopleagedaround40andover.Buttheeffectwasnotseeninyoungerindividuals

whowereagedbelow40.

Scientistsbelievethediscoverycouldpavethewayforneweyetherapiesthatareaffordableandcanbe

donebythepatientathome.Prof.Jefferysaid,“Usingsimplebriefexposuretolightwavelengthsthat

rechargetheenergysystemwhichhasdeclinedintheretinacells,isratherlikerechargingabattery."The

technologyissimple,safeandverypromising.

8.WhatdoesJefferyexpressinparagraph2?

A.Ageaffectsthevisualsystem.

B.It'snecessarytoprotecteyesight.

C.Theageingpopulationisnowserious.

D.Weakcolorvisionismainlycausedbyageing.

9.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudyfromparagraph3?

A.Researchersdidnotgetenoughdata.

B.Itaimstoimprovethevisionoftheelderly.

C.People'seyesightcanbeimprovedbylong-wavelight.

D.Participantsover40benefitedmorefromthestudy.

10.Whatisthesignificanceofthisdiscovery?

A.Ithelpspeoplesavemoreelectricity.

B.It'spracticalandhasmedicalvalue.

C.Itsavesmanyagedpeoplewithoculardiseases.

D.It'sthemosteffectivetreatmentforvisionloss.

11.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Atravelguidebook.B.Apopularnovel.

C.Afashionmagazine.D.Ahealthjournal.

D

Scientistsandengineersarepreparingforpossibletravelintointerstellar（星際的）space,theareain

betweenstars,inthedistantfuture.Anewreportexaminesthepossibleproblemofchangesinlanguageon

longspacetrips.TwoAmericanresearchershaveexploredonepossibleproblemwithsuchtravel.They

consideredthepossibilitythatchangesinhumanlanguagecoulddevelopovertimeandleadtomajor

communicationproblemswithpeopleonEarth.

ThelanguageexpertsareprofessorsAndrewMcKenziefromtheUniversityofKansas,andJeffreyPunske

ofSouthernIllinoisUniversity.Thetworecentlypublishedapaper,whichconsidersverylongtrips

necessarytoreachinterstellarspace,estimatedtobeabout18billionkilometersfromEarth.ltalso

examinesthepossibilityoffuturecolonization（殖民地的開(kāi)拓）ofdistantstars.

Languagesnaturallychangeascommunitiesgrowmoreisolatedfromeachother,theresearchersnotein

thepaper.Thelongofacommunitycouldleadtoenoughdifferencesinlanguagetomakeitimpossiblefor

communitymembersbackhometounderstand.'lfyou'reonthisspaceshipfor10generations,new

conceptsandsocialissueswillemerge,andpeoplewillcreatewaysoftalkingaboutthem,"McKenzie

saidinastatement.Suchvocabularywouldbecomespecifictoonlythatspaceship.

"PeopleonEarthmightneverknowaboutthesewords,unlessthere'sareasontotellthem.Andthefurther

awayyouget,thelessyou'regoingtotalktopeoplebackhome,"McKenziesaid.Theresearchersnoted

thatinadditiontonewwordsbeingused,thelanguageofpeopletravelingonspaceshipsandlivingin

colonieswouldexperiencemanyotherchanges.Forexample,thesoundsofdifferentletterswouldlikely

changeovertime,affectingnotonlyindividualwords,butthewhole"grammaticalsystem'1,thepaper

states.

Majorchangesinwordandsentencestructurecouldalsocreatesystematiclanguagebarriersovertime,

theresearcherssaid."Givenmoretime,newgrammaticalformscancompletelyreplacecurrentones,"

McKenziesaid.

12.Whatisthepossibleresultoflongspacetravelaccordingtotheresearch?

A.Itmaybringaboutmanylanguagebarriers.

B.Peoplemaysufferfrommentalproblems.

C.Itmaychangepeople'slivingenvironment.

D.PeoplecouldcommunicatemoreeasilyonEarth.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"isolation"inparagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Connection.B.Distribution.C.Loneliness.D.Separation

14.Whatcanweinferaboutthelanguageusedonspaceshipsfromparagraph4?

A.Itwillformitsownlanguagesystem.

B.Itwillreplacethecurrentlanguagesoon.

C.ItcanbeunderstoodbypeopleonEarth.

D.Itcanbeusedtocommunicatewithaliens.

15.WhydoestheauthormentionMcKenzieinthelastparagraph?

A.Topresentthewaytocreatenewlanguages.

B.Toexplainthereasonforlanguageproblems.

C.Tostresstheinevitabletrendoflanguagechanging.

D.Toshowtheimportanceofnewgrammaticalsystems.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

Newsthatdolphinsformfriendshipsmaynotcomeasmuchofasurprisetoanyonepayingattentiontothe

animalworld.(1).Theyformtheirfriendshipswiththosethathaveacommoninterest.

Fortheresearch,scientistsstudythelivesofapopulationofbottlenosedolphinsintheWesternAustralian

WorldHeritageareaofSharkBay.Thesedolphinsareuniqueintheiruseofmarinesponges(海綿體)

astoolstofindfood.(2).Themethodistaughtbytheirmothersandhelpsthespongers1',astheoneswho

doitarecalled,findfoodindeeperwater.Bothmaleandfemaledolphinscanbespongers,butthestudy

focusedjustonmales.

(3).Butfbrthestudy,theyselectedagroupof37maledolphins,including13spongersand24

non-spongers.Theyfoundthatthespongersspentmoretimewithotherspongersandthatthebondswere

basedonsimilarforaging(覓食)techniquesandnotrelatednessorotherfactors.

(4),soitwaslongthoughttoinvesttimeinformingclosebondswithothermales.Thisstudysuggeststhat

maledolphinsformsocialbondsbasedonsharedinterests.Interestingly,whilemalespongersspentmore

timelookingfbrfoodthannon-spongers,bothgroupsspentanequalamountoftimesocializing.

"MaledolphinsinSharkBayexhibitfascinatingstrongsocialbonds(5)Theyarecriticaltoeachmale's

matingsuccess.Wewereveryexcitedtodiscoveralliancesofspongers,dolphinsformingclose

friendshipswithotherswithsimilartraits,°saysDr.SimonAllen,theleadingauthorofthestudyatthe

UniversityofZurich.

A.Themethodsatisfiestheneedsofmaledolphins

B.Foragingwithaspongeisatime-consumingactivity

C.Theresearchersusedthedatafrom124maledolphins

D.Thesestrongbondsbetweenmalescanlastfordecades

E.Maledolphinsspendalotlesstimerestingandtravelling

F.Theyaretheonlyonestoeverhavebeenobserveddoingthis

G.Butanewstudythrowslightonhowmuchtheydoitlikewedo

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Ittakesavillagetoraiseachild.PeopleintheHighPointcommunityhavesteppedupinabigwayaftera

youngboyexperienced￡21}.RonaldWhiteis11yearsold.Heknowstheemptinessthatcomeswith

tragic(22)atthatyoungage.

,,Ronald,s(23)passedawaytwoyearsago.Shewenttohelpsomeoneonthesideoftheroadanda

truck(24)her,"saidShaunaGreeneofAnointedCutzBarberShop.Sincethen,Ronald(25)withhis

grandparents.

Beinga(n)(26)youngman,hetriedtogeta(27).“Hewantedtohelphisgrandmotherpaybillsandhe

alsowantedto(28)abike,“Greenesaid.Soheaskedhisbarberifhecould(29),"Isweep.Itakethetrash

out,nRonaldsaid.He'sbeendoingso(30)inhisworkthattheowner,ShaunaGreene,praisedhimand(31)

Ronald'sstoryonFacebook.Thestoryhasgotmorethan1000likes.nTheysentmoney,andhereweare

todaywiththebike,"Greenesaid.

"I'mso(32)thatIdon'tknowwhattodo,”hesaidwithasurprisewhenseeingthebike.Peoplewithbig

heartsaremakingabig(33).*'Hismomhaspassedaway,andshewasnolongerhere,butthevillageis(34)

here,andwe'regoingtokeephim(35)anddowhateverittakes,"Greenesaid.

21.A.sadnessB.guiltyC.shameD.disappointment

22.A.regretB.surpriseC.fearD.loss

23.A.grandmotherB.sisterC.motherD.father

24.A.hitB.stoppedC.frightenedD.passed

25.A.gotoffB.movedinC.brokeupD.caughtup

26.A.ambitiousB.generousC.patientD.energetic

27.A.toyB.jobC.degreeD.house

28.A.designB.sellC.donateD.buy

29.A.succeedB.helpC.goD.learn

30.A.happilyB.quicklyC.wellD.easily

31.A.readB.adaptedC.spreadD.liked

32.A.satisfiedB.shockedC.proudD.confused

33.A.decisionB.promiseC.agreementD.difference

34.A.alsoB.alreadyC.everD.still

35.A.goingB.connectedC.learningD.relieved

第II卷(非選擇題)

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.AnewstudybyHarvardUniversityaddsweighttotheidea(1)beingselflesscanhelpuslive

longer.Selfless(2)(act)suchasvolunteeringhelpuslivelonger,accordingtothenewresearch.A

studyof13,000adultsintheUSfoundthatpeopleovertheageof50,whovolunteerfortwohours

aweekhave(3)(little)chanceofdevelopingdiseasecomparedtothosewhodon't.

"Ourresultshowthatvolunteeringamongolderadultsdoesn'tjuststrengthencommunities,but(4)

(enrich)ourownlivesbystrengtheningourbondstoothers,helpingusfeelasenseofpurpose,

andprotectingus(5)feelingsofloneliness,depressionandhopelessness."saidtheco-authorofthe

study,DrEricKimofHarvard.Lonelinesscouldbeasdamagingtoaperson'shealth(6)smoking15

cigarettesperday."Ifyouareabletodoso,younotonlycanhelptohealandrepair(7)world,but

youcanhelpyourselfaswell,"hesaid.

TheHarvardstudywillincreasethemotivationtodeveloppublichealthinterventions(干預(yù))⑻

(base)onvolunteering,whichiswhattheUK-basedcharityVolunteeringMatterscampaignsfor."

Somecitiesarepioneeringthisideaseveralyearsago,andIhope(9)wehavethewillingness(10)

(do)soinapost-COVID-19societyaswell."saidDrKim.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.體育在中學(xué)教育中越來(lái)越重要，但是體育鍛煉在不少學(xué)校并沒(méi)有得到十分重視，請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一

篇短文，要點(diǎn)如下：

1.分析原因；

2,提出建議。

注意：

1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右：

2.短文的題目己為你寫(xiě)好。

PhysicalExerciseShouldBeValuedinSchool

38.Iwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwas

herturntopay,thecashiergreetedherbynameandaskedherhowshewasgoing.

Thewomanlookeddown,shookherheadandsaid："Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjoband

mysonisuptohisoldtricksagain.Thetruthis,Idon'tknowhowwearegoingtogetthroughthe

holidays."Thenshegavethecashierfoodstamps.（食品券）.

NeitherdidIknowhowIcouldgetthroughthedaysayearagoduringmyfreshyearinthecompany.I

didn'tknowtherules,Iwasnotfamiliarwiththework,andIcouldn'tfeelthevalueofmyself.Iwas

evenwonderingwhetherIcouldgetalong,asmyfatherwasgone,mymotherhadnoworkandmy

brotherwasonly7.Thatfeelingwasexactlywhatthewomanhadsaid.Fortunately,thingshad

changedsinceIreceivedmycolleague'scard,fromwhichIfelttheencouragement,andsensed

happinessfallinguponmeagain.

SoIreallywantedtohelp,butdidn'tknowhow.ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries（雜貨）,

oraskforherhusband'sresume（簡(jiǎn)歷）？AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Ispottedthewoman

returninghershoppingcart.SuddenlyIrememberedsomethinginmypursethatIthoughtcouldhelp

her.ltwasn'tahandfulofcashoranofferofajobforherhusband,butmaybeitwouldmakeherlife

better.

ThenIapproachedthewoman.MyheartpoundedasthiswasthefirsttimethatIhadcomeupwiththe

ideatohelpastranger.

"Excuseme,nIsaid,myvoicetremblingabit."Icouldn'thelpaccidentallyhearingwhatyousaid

tothecashier.ltsoundedlikeyou'regoingthroughareallyhardtimenow.Pmsosorry.Fdliketogive

yousomething."

Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.

注意：

1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)；

3.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好；

4.續(xù)寫(xiě)完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線(xiàn)標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。

Paragraph1

Whenthewomanreadthecard,shebegantocry.___Paragraph2

Afterweembraced,Iwalkedbacktomycarandwordsonthecardcrowdedintomymindagain.

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】C、C、B

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)BigCatsInitiative部分的

Thishastheprimarygoalofstoppingthedeclineinthepopulationofbigcatsworldwidesince2009（這

個(gè)項(xiàng)目的主要目標(biāo)是阻止自2009年以來(lái)全球大型貓科動(dòng)物數(shù)量的下降）可知大型貓科動(dòng)物倡議成

立，以保護(hù)瀕危的大型貓科動(dòng)物。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章VembanadWetlandsConservationProgram部分的Since2005,

theprogramhasworkedtoprotectthehabitatofplantsandanimalsinthewetlandsofVembanadLakei

nIndia.Theorganizationalsoteachesandmonitorssustainablefishingpracticesthere（自2005年以來(lái)，

該項(xiàng)目一直致力于保護(hù)印度文巴納德湖濕地的動(dòng)植物棲息地。該組織還在那里教授和監(jiān)督可持續(xù)

的捕魚(yú)方法。）可知游客可以在Vembanad湖練習(xí)環(huán)保捕魚(yú)。故選C。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SeaTurtleConservancy部分的

Seaturtlesdependonseagrasses.Whenthesegrassesdie,

theturtlesareplacedatseriousrisk.Thishasacyclicaleffect：seagrasses,likeregulargrassonland,

dependonregular"mowing"tocontinuegrowing,andwithoutturtlestofeedonit,

thegrassitselfstopsthriving,

whichthreatenshundredsofotherspecieswhouseseagrassesforshelter.Finditon：ExploreCostaRica.

（海龜依靠海草生存。當(dāng)這些草死去時(shí)，海龜就處于嚴(yán)重的危險(xiǎn)之中。這產(chǎn)生了一種循環(huán)效應(yīng)：

海草和陸地上的普通草一樣，依賴(lài)于定期的“割草”來(lái)繼續(xù)生長(zhǎng)，如果沒(méi)有海龜以此為食，海草本

身就會(huì)停止生長(zhǎng)，這威脅到數(shù)百個(gè)以海草為住所的其他物種。找到它：探索哥斯達(dá)黎加。）可知

海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的崩潰顯示了海龜滅絕的周期性影響。因此B.Theocean'secosystemsbreakingdown.

（海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的崩潰。）符合題意。故選B。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了以下項(xiàng)目向你展示了人類(lèi)是如何努力為動(dòng)物創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更加光明的

未來(lái)的。

做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)

句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4?7.【答案】A、D、C、B

【解析】（1）目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段IwastrainedasagymnastinHunan,China,

inthe1970s.Thegovernmentwantedtotransfer（轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)）

metoaschoolforathleteswhilemyparentswantedmetobecomeanengineer,

becausetheyfirmlybelievedtherewasonlyonesurewaytohappiness：asafeandwell-paidjob.（20世

紀(jì)70年代，我在中國(guó)湖南接受體操訓(xùn)練。政府想把我轉(zhuǎn)到一所運(yùn)動(dòng)員學(xué)校，而我的父母想讓我成

為一名工程師，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)信只有一條通往幸福的必經(jīng)之路：一份安全且高薪的工作。）可知第

1段的目的是提供背景資料。故選A。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段

IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLeTsFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,

foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,

learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,

andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.

（我從傅雷和朱美福的《傅雷家書(shū)》中滿(mǎn)足了我對(duì)父母忠告的渴望，從《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》中找到了我的獨(dú)

立女性榜樣，從《一打一打的便宜》中學(xué)會(huì)了高效，從《三毛全集》和《歷史的教訓(xùn)》中激發(fā)了

我出國(guó)留學(xué)的靈感。）可知從《三毛全集》中，作者獲得了出國(guó)留學(xué)的動(dòng)力。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段

IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLei*sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,

foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,

learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,

andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.

（我從傅雷和朱美福的《傅雷家書(shū)》中滿(mǎn)足了我對(duì)父母忠告的渴望，從《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》中找到了我的獨(dú)

立女性榜樣，從《一打一打的便宜》中學(xué)會(huì)了高效，從《三毛全集》和《歷史的教訓(xùn)》中激發(fā)了

我出國(guó)留學(xué)的靈感。）可知第三段主要講述了作者的比較閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選C。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Bookshavegivenmeamagicportal（入

口）toconnectwithpeopleofthepastandthepresent.Ihavecometobelievethatcomingtrueisnotthe

onlypurposeofadream.Itsmostimportantpurposeistogetusintouchwithwheredreamscomefrom,

wherepassioncomesfromandwherehappinesscomesfrom.Evenashattered（遭受極大打擊的）

dreamcandothatforyou.Somaybooksbealwayswithyou.（書(shū)籍給了我一個(gè)神奇的入口，讓我可以

與過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的人聯(lián)系起來(lái)。我開(kāi)始相信實(shí)現(xiàn)不是夢(mèng)想的唯一目的。它最重要的目的是讓我們接

觸到夢(mèng)想從哪里來(lái)，激情從哪里來(lái)，快樂(lè)從哪里來(lái)。即使一個(gè)破碎的夢(mèng)也能為你做到。所以，愿

書(shū)永遠(yuǎn)伴隨著你。）可知B.HowBooksOpenMyMind（書(shū)籍如何打開(kāi)我的思維）是本文的最佳標(biāo)

題。故選B。

本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了書(shū)籍給了作者一個(gè)神奇的入口，讓作者可以與過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的人聯(lián)

系起來(lái)。作者開(kāi)始相信實(shí)現(xiàn)不是夢(mèng)想的唯一目的。它最重要的目的是讓我們接觸到夢(mèng)想從哪里來(lái)，

激情從哪里來(lái)，快樂(lè)從哪里來(lái)。即使一個(gè)破碎的夢(mèng)也能為你做到。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在

十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順

序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。

首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)

文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類(lèi)題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。

其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息

進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，

研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖

掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，

掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)“順藤摸瓜”，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因

果，常識(shí)，上下文等線(xiàn)索確定詞義。

8?11.【答案】A、D、B、D

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句

ProfessorGlenJefferyoftheUCLInstituteofOphthalmologysaid,"Asyouage,

yourvisualsystemdeclinessignificantly,

particularlyonceover40.Yourretinalsensitivityandyourcolorvisionarebothgraduallyundermined

（破壞）,andwithanageingpopulation,thisisanincreasinglyimportantissue."（倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院眼

科研究所的格倫?杰弗里教授說(shuō)：”隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你的視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)會(huì)顯著衰退，尤其是超過(guò)40歲

的時(shí)候。你的視網(wǎng)膜敏感度和色覺(jué)都會(huì)逐漸減弱，隨著人口老齡化，這是一個(gè)越來(lái)越重要的問(wèn)題。

"）可知，杰弗里教授認(rèn)為年齡影響視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中最后兩句

Theabilitytodetectcolorsimprovedbyupto20%insomepeopleagedaround40andover.Buttheeffe

ctwasnotseeninyoungerindividualswhowereagedbelow40.（一些年齡在40歲及以上的人辨別顏

色的能力提高了20%。但這種影響在40歲以下的年輕人身上沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)。）可知，40歲以上的參

與者從研究中受益更多。故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句

Scientistsbelievethediscoverycouldpavethewayforneweyetherapiesthatareaffordableandcanbe

donebythepatientathome.（科學(xué)家們相信，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將為新的眼科治療鋪平道路，這種治療方法

既經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠，又可由患者在家進(jìn)行。）和最后一句Thetechnologyissimple,safeandverypromising.

（這項(xiàng)技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)單、安全，很有前途。）可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)用而且有醫(yī)療價(jià)值。故選B。

（4）文章出處題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段

AstudybytheUniversityCollegeLondon（UCL）hasshownthatstaringatlongwavelengthlightfor

threeminuteseverydaycansignificantlyimprovevisioninthoseaged40andabove.（倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的

一項(xiàng)研究表明，每天盯著長(zhǎng)波光看三分鐘，可以顯著改善40歲及以上人群的視力。）可知，本文

是一篇改善40歲及以上人群視力的研究報(bào)告。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.Atravelguidebook.一本旅行指南；

B.Apopularnovel.一本通俗小說(shuō)；C.Afashionmagazine.一本時(shí)尚雜志；D.Ahealthjournal一本健康

雜志。分析可知，文章內(nèi)容與健康有關(guān)，應(yīng)該出自一本健康雜志。故選D。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了短時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)波光重啟視網(wǎng)膜老化細(xì)胞這一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)可以顯著

改善40歲及以上人群的視力。

做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)

句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

12?15.【答案】A、D、A、C

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段后兩句

TwoAmericanresearchershaveexploredonepossibleproblemwithsuchtravel.Theyconsideredthepos

sibilitythatchangesinhumanlanguagecoulddevelopovertimeandleadtomajorcommunicationprobl

emswithpeopleonEarth.（兩名美國(guó)研