2023年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試

2023年6月高校英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題(第三套)

Part111ReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequired

toseIectonewordforeachblankfromaIistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowing

thepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Each

choiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaIetter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingIetter

foreachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.Youmaynot

useanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

"Thatwhichdoesnotkillusmakesusstronger."Butparentscan'thandIeit

whenteenagersputthis36intopractice.Nowtechnologyhasbecomethenewfield

fortheage-oIdbattIebetweenadultsandtheirfreedom-seekingkids.

Lockedindoors,unabIetogetontheirbieyeIesandhangoutwiththeirfriends,

teenshaveturnedtosociaImediaandtheirmobiIephonestosociaIizewiththeir

peers.WhattheydoonIineoften37____whattheymightotherwisedoiftheirmobiIity

weren'tsoheavily38____intheageofheIicopterparenting.SociaImediaand

smart-phoneappshavebecomesopopuIarinrecentyearsbecauseteensneedaplace

tocaIItheirown.Theywantthefreedomto39____theiridentityandtheworIdaround

them.Insteadof40____out,theyjumponIine.

AsteenshavemovedonIine,parentshaveprojectedtheirfearsontotheInternet,

imaginingaIIthe41dangersthatyouthmightface-from42strangersto

cureIpeerstopicturesorwordsthatcouIdhauntthemonGoogIefortherestof

theirIives.

RatherthanhelpingteensdeveIopstrategiesfornegotiatingpubIicIifeand

therisksof43____withothers,fear-fuIparentshavefocusedontracking,

monitoringandblocking.Thesetactics(策略)don'theIpteensdeveloptheskills

theyneedtomanagecomplexsocialsituations,44risksandgetheIpwhenthey're

introubIe."Protecting"kidsmayfeeIIiketherightthingtodo,butit45____

thelearningthatteensneedtodoastheycomeofageinatechnoIogy-soakedworId.

A)assess

B)constrained

C)contains

D)expIore

E)infIuence

F)interacting

G)interpretation

H)magnified

I)mirrors

J)philosophy

K)potentiaI

L)sneaking

M)sticking

N)undermines

0)violent

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatements

attachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.

Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychoosea

paragraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthe

questionsbymarkingthecorrespondingIetteronAnswerSheet2.

InequaIityIsNotInevitable

[A]Adangeroustrendhasdevelopedoverthispastthirdofacentury.Acountry

thatexperiencedsharedgrowthafterWorIdWarIIbegantotearapart,somuchso

thatwhentheGreatRecessionhitinlate2023,onecouIdnoIongerignorethe

divisionthathadcometodefinetheAmericaneconomicIandscape.Howdidthis

"shiningcityonahill"becometheadvancedcountrywiththegreatestIeveIof

inequaIity?

[B]OverthepastyearandahaIf,TheGreatdivide,aseriesinTheNewYork

Times,haspresentedawiderangeofexamplesthatunderminethenotionthatthere

areanytrulyfundamentallawsofcapitalism.Thedynamicsoftheimperialcapitalism

ofthe19thcenturyneedn'tappIyinthedemocraciesofthe21st.wedon'tneedto

havethismuchinequaIityinAmerica.

[C]Ourcurrentbrandofcapitalismisafakecapitalism.Forproofofthisgo

backtoourresponsetotheGreatRecession,wherewesociaIizedIosses,evenas

weprivatizedgains.Perfectcompetitionshoulddriveprofitstozero,atleast

theoretically,butwehavemonopoliesmakingpersistentlyhighprofits.C.E.0.s

enjoyincomesthatareonaverage295timesthatofthetypicaIworker,amuchhigher

ratiothaninthepast,withoutanyevidenceofaproportionateincreasein

productivity.

[D]IfitisnotthecrueIIawsofeconomicsthathaveledtoAmerica'sgreat

divide,whatisit?Thestraightforwardanswer:ourpoIiciesandourpolitics.PeopIe

gettiredofhearingaboutScandinaviansuccessstories,butthefactofthematter

isthatSweden,FinIandandNorwayhaveaIIsucceededinhavingaboutasmuchor

fastergrowthinpercapita（人均的）incomesthantheUnitedStatesandwithfar

greaterequaIity.

[E]SowhyhasAmericachosentheseinequality-enhancingpolicies?Partofthe

answeristhatasWorIdWarIIfadedintomemory,sotoodidthesolidarityithad

created.AsArnericatriumphedintheCoIdWar,theredidn'tseemtobeareaI

competitortooureconomicmodeI.WithoutthisinternationaIcompetition,weno

IongerhadtoshowthatoursystemcouIddeIiverformostofourcitizens.

[F]IdeoIogyandinterestscombineviciously.Somedrewthewronglessonfrom

thecollapseoftheSovietsystemin1991.ThependuIumswungfrommuchtoomuch

governmenttheretomuchtooIittIehere.Corporateinterestsarguedforgetting

ridofregulations,evenwhenthoseregulationshaddonesomuchtoprotectand

improvepurenvironment,oursafety,ourhealthandtheeconomyitself.

[G]ButthisideologywashypocriticaI（虛偽的）.Thebankers,amongthestrongest

advocatesoflaissez-faire（自由放任的）economics,wereonlytoowiIIingtoaccept

hundredsofbiIIionsofdoIIarsfromthegovernmentintheaidprogramsthathave

beenarecurringfeatureofthegIobaIeconomysineethebeginningofthe

Thatcher-Reaganeraof"free"marketsanddereguIation.

[H]TheAmericanpoliticaIsystemisoverrunbymoney.Economicinequality

transIatesintopoliticaIin-equaIity,andpoliticaIinequalityyieldsincreasing

economicinequality.Socorporatewelfareiincreasesaswereducewelfareforthe

poor.CongressmaintainssubsidiesforrichfarmersaswecutbackonnutritionaI

supportfortheneedy.DrugcompanieshavebeengivenhundredsofbiIIionsofdoIIars

aswelimitMedicaidbenefits.Thebanksthatbroughtontheglobalfinancialcrisis

gotbillionswhileatinybitwenttothehomeownersandvictimsofthesamebanks'

predatory（掠奪，性的）Iendingpractices.ThisIastdecisionwasparticularlyfooIish.

TherewereaIternativestothrowingmoneyatthebanksandhopingitwouIdcircuIate

throughincreasedIending.

[I]Ourdivisionsaredeep.Economicandgeographicsegregationhasimmunized

thoseatthetopfromtheproblemsofthosedownbeIow.Likethekingsofancient

times'theyhavecometoperceivetheirpriviIegedpositionsessentiaIlyasanaturaI

right.

[J]Oureconomy,ourdemocracyandoursocietyhavepaidforthesegross

inequaIities.Thetruetestofaneconomyisnothowmuchwealthitsprincescan

accumuIateintaxhavens（庇護(hù)所）,buthowweIIoffthetypicaIcitizenis.But

averageincomesarelowerthantheywereaquarter-centuryago.Growthhasgoneto

thevery,verytop,whosesharehasalmostincreasedfourtimessinee1980.Money

thatwasmeanttohavetrickled（流淌）downhasinsteadevaporatedintheagreeable

cIimateoftheCaymanIstands.

[K]WithalmostaquarterofAmericanchiIdrenyoungerthan5Iivinginpoverty,

andwithAmericadoingsolittleforitspoor,thedeprivationsofonegeneration

arebeingvisiteduponthenext.Ofcourse,nocountryhasevercomecIoseto

providingcompIeteequaIityofopportunity.ButwhyisAmericaoneoftheadvanced

countrieswheretheIifeprospectsoftheyoungaremostsharpIydeterminedbythe

incomeandeducationoftheirparents?

[L]AmongthemostbitterstoriesinTheGreatDividewerethosethatportrayed

thefrustrationsoftheyoung,whoIongtoenterourshrinkingmiddlecIass.Soaring

tuitionsanddeciiningincomeshaveresultedinlargerdebtburdens.Thosewithonly

ahighschooldipIomahaveseentheirincomesdeciineby13percentoverthepast

35years.

[M]Wherejusticeisconcerned,thereisaIsoahugedivide.Intheeyesofthe

restoftheworIdandasignificantpartofitsownpopuIation,massimprisonment

hascometodefineAmerica—acountry,itbearsrepeating,withabout5percentof

theworId'spopuIationbutaroundafourthoftheworId'sprisoners.

[N]Justicehasbecomeacommodity,affordabletoonIyafew.WhiIeWalIStreet

executivesusedtheirexpensiveIawyerstoensurethattheirrankswerenotheId

accountableforthemisdeedsthatthecrisisin2023sographicallyrevealed,the

banksabusedourIegaIsystemtoforecIose（取消贖回權(quán)）onmortgagesandejecttenants,

someofwhomdidnotevenowemoney.

[0]MorethanahaIf-centuryago,AmericaIedthewayinadvocatingforthe

UniversalDecIarationofHumanRights,adoptedbytheUnitedNationsin1948.Today,

accesstohealthcareisamongthemostuniversaIIyacceptedrights,atleastin

theadvancedcountries.America,despitetheimplementationoftheAffordableCare

Act,istheexception.InthereIiefthatmanyfeltwhentheSupremeCourtdidnot

overturntheAffordabIeCareAct,theimpIicationsofthedecisionforMedicaidwere

notfullyappreciated.Obamacare'sobjective-toensurethataIIAmericanshave

accesstohealthcare—hasbeenblocked：24stateshavenotimplementedthe

expandedMedicaidprogram,whichwasthemeansbywhichObamacarewassupposedto

deIiveronitspromisetosomeofthepoorest.

[P]WeneednotjustanewwaronpovertybutawartoprotectthemiddlecIass.

SolutionstotheseprobIemsdonothavetobenoveI.Farfromit.Makingmarkets

actIikemarketswouIdbeagoodpIacetostart.Wemustendtherent-seekingsociety

wehavegravitatedtoward,inwhichthewealthyobtainprofitsbymanipulatingthe

system.

[0]Theproblemofinequalityisnotsomuchamatteroftechnicaleconomics.

It'sreallyaproblemofpracticalpolitics.Inequalityisnotjustaboutthetop

marginaItaxratebutaIsoaboutourchiIdren'saccesstofoodandtherightto

justiceforall.Ifwespentmoreoneducation,healthandinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)

設(shè)施）,wewouIdstrengthenoureconomy,nowandinthefuture.

留意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

46.Intheory,freecompetitionissupposedtoreducethemarginofprofitsto

theminimum.

47.TheUnitedStatesisnowcharacterizedbyagreatdivisionbetweentherich

andthepoor.

48.Americalackedtheincentivetocareforthemajorityofitscitizensas

itfoundnorivalforitseconomicmodeI.

49.TheweaIthytophavecometotakeprivilegesforgranted.

50.Manyexamplesshowthebasiclawsofimperialcapitalismnolongerapply

inpresent-dayAmerica.

51.Theauthorsuggestsareturntothetruespiritofthemarket.

52.AquarteroftheworId'sprisonerpopulationisinAmerica.

53.GovernmentregulationinAmericawentfromoneextremetotheotherinthe

pasttwodecades.

54.JusticehasbecomesoexpensivethatonlyasmaIInumberofpeopleIike

corporateexecutivescanaffordit.

55.NocountryintheworIdsofarhasbeenabletoprovidecompIeteIyequal

opportunitiesforall.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.EachpassageisfoIIowedby

somequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingIetteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AirpollutionisdeterioratinginmanyplacesaroundtheworId.Thefactthat

pubIicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedassoonasthesunshinesprovesthatpeopIe

Iongtobreatheingreen,openspaces.TheydonotaIIknowwhattheyareseeking

buttheyfIockthere,nevertheIess.And,inthesesurroundings,theyaregeneraIIy

bothpeacefuIandpeaceabIe.ItisraretoseepeopIefightinginagarden.Perhaps

struggleunfoldsfirst,notataneconomicorsociallevel,butoverthe

appropriationofair,essentiaItoIifeitseIf.Ifhumanbeingscanbreatheandshare

air,theydon'tneedtostrugglewithoneanother.

Unfortunately,inourwesterntradition,neithermaterialistnoridealist

theoreticiansgiveenoughconsiderationtothisbasicconditionforIife.Asfor

politicians,despiteproposingcurbsonenvironmentaIpollution,theyhavenotyet

caIIedforittobemadeacrime.WealthycountriesareevenaIIowedtopolluteif

theypayforit.

Butisourlifeworthanythingotherthanmoney?ThepIantworIdshowsusin

silencewhatfaithfuInesstoIifeconsistsof.Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning,

urgingustocareforourbreath,notonIyatavitalbutalsoataspirituaIIeveI.

TheinterdependencetowhichwemustpaythecIosestattentionisthatwhichexists

betweenourseIvesandthepIantworId.Oftendescribedas"thelungsoftheplanet",

thewoodsthatcovertheearthofferusthegiftofbreathabIeairbyreleasingoxygen.

ButtheircapacitytorenewtheairpollutedbyindustryhasIongreacheditsIimit.

IfwelacktheairnecessaryforahealthyIife,itisbecausewehavefilledit

withchemicaIsandundercuttheabiIityofpIantstoregenerateit.Asweknow,rapid

deforestationcombinedwiththemassiveburningoffossiIfuelsisanexplosive

recipeforanirreversibledisaster.

ThefightovertheappropriationofresourceswiIIIeadtheentireplanetto

heIIunIesshumansIearntoshareIife,bothwitheachotherandwithplants.This

taskissimultaneouslyethicaIandpoIiticaIbecauseitcanbedischargedonIywhen

eachtakesituponherselforhimselfandonIywhenitisaccompIishedtogetherwith

others.ThelessontaughtbyplantsisthatsharingIifeexpandsandenhancesthe

sphereoftheIiving,whiIedividingIifeintoso-caIIednaturaIorhumanresources

diminishesit.Wemustcometoviewtheair,thepIantsandourseIvesasthe

contributorstothepreservationofIifeandgrowth,ratherthanawebof

quantifiableobjectsorproductivepotentiaIitiesatourdisposaI.Perhapsthenwe

wouIdfinallybegintoIive,ratherthanbeingconcernedwithbaresurvivaI.

留意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

56.WhatdoestheauthorassumemightbetheprimaryreasonthatpeopIewouId

strugglewitheachother?

A)TogettheirshareofcIeanair.B)TopursueacomfortabIeIife.

C)TogainahighersociaIstatus.D)Toseekeconomicbenefits.

57.Whatdoestheauthoraccusewesternpoliticiansof?

A)DeprivingcommonpeopIeoftherighttocIeanair.

B)Givingprioritytotheoryratherthanpracticalaction.

C)OfferingpreferentiaItreatmenttoweaIthycountries.

D)FailingtopassIawstocurbenvironmentaIpollution.

58.WhatdoestheauthortrytodrawourcIosestattentionto?

A)ThemassiveburningoffossiIfueIs.

B)OurrelationshiptotheplantworId.

C)Thecapacityofplantstorenewpollutedair.

D)Large-scaledeforestationacrosstheworId.

59.HowcanhumanbeingsaccompIishthegoaIofprotectingtheplanetaccording

totheauthor?

A)ByshowingrespectforpIants.B)BypreservingaIIformsofIife.

C)BytappingaIInaturaIresources.D)Bypoolingtheireffortstogether.

60.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinordernotjusttosurvive?

A)ExpandthesphereofIiving.B)DeveIopnature'spotentiaIs.

C)ShareIifewithnature.D)Allocatetheresources.

PassageTwo

Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

EarIydecision——youappIytooneschool,andadmissionisbinding—seems

IikeagreatchoicefornervousappIicants.SchooIsIetinahigherpercentageof

early-decisionappIicants,whicharguablymeansthatyouhaveabetterchanceof

gettingin.Andifyoudo,you'redonewiththewhoIeagonizingprocessbyDecember.

Butwhatmoststudentsandparentsdon'treaIizeisthatschooIshavehiddenmotives

forofferingearIydecision.

Earlydecision,sineeit'sbinding,aIIowsschooIstofiIItheircIasseswith

quaIifiedstudents;itaIIowsad-missionscommitteestoseIectthestudentsthat

areinparticulardemandfortheircollegeandknowthosestudentswiIIcome.It

aIsogivesschoolsahigheryieldrate,whichisoftenusedasoneofthewaysto

measurecoIIegeselectivityandpopularity.

Theproblemisthatthisprocesseffectivelyshortensthewindowoftimestudents

havetomakeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsoftheirIivesuptothatpoint.

Underregularadmissions,seniorshaveuntiIMay1tochoosewhichschooltoattend;

earlydecisioneffectiveIysteaIssixmonthsfromthem,monthsthatcouldbeused

tovisitmoreschools,domoreresearch,speaktocurrentstudentsandaIumni（校

友）andarguabIymakeamoreinformeddecision.

Thereare,frankIy,anastonishingnumberofexceptionaIcollegesinAmerica,

andforanygivenstudent,thereareanumberofschooIsthatareagreatfit.When

studentsbecometoofixated（專(zhuān)注）onaparticuIarschooIearIyintheadmissions

process,thatfixationcanIeadtoseveredisappointmentiftheydon'tgetinor,

iftheydo,thepossibiIitythattheyarenowboundtogotoaschoolthat,given

timeforfurtherreflection,maynotactuallyberightforthem.

Insofarasearlydecisionoffersagenuineadmissionsedge,thatadvantagegoes

IargeIytostudentswhoaIreadyhavenumerousadvantage.ThestudentswhouseearIy

decisiontendtobethosewhohavereceivedhigher-quaIitycoIIegeguidance,usuaIIy

aresu11ofcomingfromamorepriviIegedbackground.Inthisregard,there'san

argumentagainstearIydecision,asstudentsfromIower-incomefamiIiesarefarIess

IikeIytohavetheadmissionsknow-howtonavigatetheoftenconfusingearly

deadIines.

Studentswhohavedonetheirresearchandareconfidentthatthere'soneschool

theywouIdbethriIledtogetintoshouId,underthecurrentsystem,probabIyappIy

underearIydecision.Butforstudentswhohaven'tyetdoneenoughresearch,orwho

arestillconstantlychangingtheirmindsonfavoriteschools,theearly-decision

systemneedIessIyandprematureIynarrowsthefieldofpossibiIityjustatatime

whenstudentsshouIdbeopeningthemselvestoawholerangeofthriIIingoptions.

留意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

61.WhatarestudentsobIigedtodounderearlydecision?

A）Lookintoalotofschoolsbeforetheyapply.B）Attendtheschooloncethey

areadmitted.

C)Thinktwicebeforetheyaccepttheoffer.D)ConsuItthecurrentstudents

andaIumni.

62.WhydoschooIsofferearIydecision?

A)TomakesuretheygetquaIifiedstudents.

B)Toavoidcompetitionwithothercolleges.

C)Toprovidemoreopportunitiesforapplicants.

D)Tosavestudentstheagonyofchoosingaschool.

63.Whatissaidtobetheproblemwithearlydecisionforstudents?

A)ItmakestheirappIicationprocessmorecompIicated.

B)ItpIacestoohighademandontheirresearchabiIity.

C)ItaIIowsthemIittIetimetomakeinformeddecisions.

D)ItexertsmuchmorepsychoIogicaIpressureonthem.

64.WhyaresomepeopIeopposedtoearlydecision?

A)Itinterfereswithstudents'learninginhighschooI.

B)Itisbiasedagainststudentsatordinaryhighschools.

C)ItcausesunnecessaryconfusionamongcoIIegeapplicants.

D)ItpIacesstudentsfromIower-incomefamiIiesatadisadvantage.

65.WhatdoestheauthoradvisecollegeappIicantstodo?

A)RefrainfromcompetingwithstudentsfrompriviIegedfamiIies.

B)AvoidchoosingearIydecisionunlesstheyarefullyprepared.

C)Findsufficientinformationabouttheirfavoriteschools.

D)LookbeyondthefewsupposedlythriIIingoptions.

PartIVTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareaIIowed30minutestotransIateapassage

fromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

漢朝是中國(guó)歷史上最重要的朝代之一。漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有許多顯著的成就。它最先向其他

文化放開(kāi)大門(mén)，對(duì)外貿(mào)易興盛。漢朝開(kāi)拓的絲^之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。各類(lèi)藝術(shù)一派

旺盛，涌現(xiàn)了許多文學(xué)、歷史、哲學(xué)巨著。公元100年中國(guó)第一部字典編撰完成，收入9000

個(gè)字，供應(yīng)釋義并列舉不同的寫(xiě)法。其間，科技方面也取得了很大進(jìn)步，獨(dú)創(chuàng)了紙張、水鐘、

日暴（sundials）以及測(cè)量地震的儀器。漢朝歷經(jīng)400年，但統(tǒng)治者的腐敗最終導(dǎo)致了它的滅

亡。

2023年6月高校英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題（其次套）

Part11IReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenbIanks.Youarerequired

toseIectonewordforeachblankfromaIistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowing

thepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Each

choiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaIetter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingIetter

foreachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.Youmaynot

useanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TraveIwebsiteshavebeenaroundsineethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,

andotherhoIidaybookingsiteswereIaunched,allowingtraveIerstocomparefIight

andhoteIpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger36____by

traveIagentsorhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetraveIindustrywasrevoIutionized,

asgreatertransparencyhelped37____prices.

Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevoIution——thistimetransforming

servicequaIity.OnIineratingpIatforms-38____inhotels,restaurants,apartments,

andtaxis—allowtraveIerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencesforaIItosee.

HospitaIitybusinessesarenowranked,anaIyzed,andcomparednotbyindustry

39____,butbytheverypeopleforwhomtheserviceisintended—thecustomer.This

has40____anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseiler.Customershavealwaysvoted

withtheirfeet;theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.

Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore41,ofteninveryspecificways,which

createspowerfuI42toimproveservice.

AlthoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendIybeIIboys

（行李員）inBerIinormaI千一unctioninghoteIhairdryersinHouston,thetruepower

ofonIinereviewsIiesnotjustintheindividuaIstories,butinthewebsites'43____

toaggregateaIargevoIumeofratings.

Theimpactcannotbe44____.Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapid

growth,asnewcustomersareattractedbygoodreviewsand45____provideyetmore

positivefeedback.SogreatistheinfIuenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompanies

nowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorabIeonIineidentity.

留意：此部分此題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

A)accountabIe

B)c