高考題型提分練一閱讀理解提能練含解析

高考題型提分練(一)閱讀理解提能練(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThebestwaytoseetheworld’sarchitecturalmarvelsistovisittheminperson,sograbyourpassportandbookatriptooneoftheseamazingdestinationsifyouhavealongingforaspotofbuilding-basedblissthisyear.BarcelonaEveryyearmillionsofpeopleflocktothisvibrantSpanishcitytoseesomeoftheamazinglyuniqueworksofthefamousarchitectAntoniGaudi.TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamiliaisthemostpopularoftheseandisstillbeingbuilt,inspiteofthefactthatworkbeganallthewaybackin1882.MonacoWhileultramodernarchitecturetendstograballoftheheadlines,ifyouarelookingforamoretraditionaltypeofdesignthatspeakstotheopulence(富裕)ofbygoneeras,Monacoisdefinitelyworthaddingtoyourlist.MonteCarloisundoubtedlythebestplacetovisitifyouwanttobebathedinthebeautyofthecoastlineitshareswiththeFrenchRivierawhilealsoseeingsomeofthemostgorgeoushotelsthatEuropehastooffer.AthensAnumberofancientarchitecturestandsintheGreekcapital,withbuildingsthathavestoodforthousandsofyearsstillmanagingtotoweroverthetouriststhatvisitthem.Fromtheimpressive,awe-inspiringremnants(遺跡)oftheParthenontotemplestovariousgodsincludingZeusandHephaestus,Athensistheplacetovisitifyouareeagertoseearchitecturethatisfilledwithhistory.SingaporeIncontrasttoMonteCarlo,thearchitectureofSingaporeiscuttingedgeandfuturistic,tothepointthatvisitorsmayfeelliketheyhavesteppedontothesettingofasciencefictionfilmratherthanliving,breathingcity.TheHelixBridgeisamust-seearchitecturalattractionofSingapore,withits280-metre-spanstretchinginanarcingcurveandconsistingofintertwinedmetalstrands(金屬鏈)thatbringthestructureofDNAintomind.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文,簡單介紹四個可以領(lǐng)略世界建筑奇觀的旅游勝地。1.IfyouareafanofarchitectAntoniGaudi,wherewouldyouchoosetogo?A.TheremnantsoftheParthenon.B.TheHelixC.MonteCarlo.D.TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamilia.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamiliaisthemostpopularofthese”可知,D項(xiàng)是建筑師AntoniGaudi的作品之一,故D項(xiàng)正確。2.WhatmakesMonteCarloaplaceworthvisiting?A.Itsuniquehotels.B.Itsfuturisticbuildings.C.Itsbeautifulcoastline.D.Itsimpressiveremnants.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“MonteCarloisundoubtedlythebestplacetovisitifyouwanttobebathedinthebeautyofthecoastline”蒙特卡洛無疑是欣賞海岸線之美的最佳地點(diǎn),可知答案為C項(xiàng)。3.WhatdoweknowabouttheHelixA.Itisstillbeingconstructed.B.ItlookslikethestructureofDNA.C.Itisthesettingofasciencefictionfilm.D.ItisthemostpopularattractioninSingapore.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheHelixBridgeisamust-seearchitecturalattractionofSingapore,withits280-metre-spanstretchinginanarcingcurveandconsistingofintertwinedmetalstrandsthatbringthestructureofDNAintomind.”螺旋橋是新加坡一個必看的建筑景點(diǎn),其280米跨度呈弧形延伸,由相互纏繞的金屬鏈組成,讓人們聯(lián)想到DNA的結(jié)構(gòu),可知答案為B項(xiàng)。BIwentbacktouniversityfull-timeat38tofinishmyBAdegree.IwastheoldeststudentinallmyclassesbutIwouldseeafewolderstudentsaroundthecollege.Istudiedhistoryandeconomicsanddidverywell:Ididn’thavethedistractionsthatarecommonamongtraditional-agestudentssuchaspartyingandboyfriend/girlfrienddramas;Ihadthedisciplinethatcomesfrom20yearsintheworkplace,andthusdideverythingwellandontime;andIhadreal-worldexperiencethatbenefitedmegreatly.EamonO’KellyIgotmymaster’sdegreewhenIwasinmy40s.Itwasn’tanymoredifficultthanitwastogetmyBAinmylateteen-early20s.Mostofmyclassmateswereintheirmidtolate20s,butotherthanhavingafewculturalreferencesthatweredifferent,theagedifferencewasnotanissue.Infact,InowhaveaterrificfriendwhoisadecadeyoungerthanIandwhomIwouldneverhavemethadwenotbeeninschooltogether.DianneMclaren-BrightonIwentbacktoschoolat43andgotmyBSinphotography.Iwasverynervousaboutit:Ithoughttheotherstudentswouldbesmarterthanme,thatwasn’tthecase.Ithoughttheotherstudentswouldn’tlikeme,thatwasn’tthecase,theydidn’tlikemeanymoreorlessthannormal.Forthemostpart,peoplejustdotheirownthing.IactuallyfeelIhadanadvantageinclassesinthattheprofessorsweremostlyaboutmyagesoIcouldrelatetothembetterthantheotherstudents.AmerKhwajaMyhusbandleftsecondaryschoolat15,andjoinedtheRoyalNavy;whenheleftasajuniorofficertenyearslater,theyrecommendedthatheshouldgotouniversity,butherefused;hefeltthatat25hewastooold.Fifteenyearsandasecondcareerinindustrialpurchasinglater,hesuddenlydecidedhewantedtogotouniversity.Hehadawonderfultimethere,wassuddenlyagoodtenyearsyounger,gotaverygooddegreeinComputingandwentontoahappythirdcareerasafreelanceprogrammerandsystemsanalyst.GillBullen【文章大意】本文是記敘文。敘述了幾位中年人重新回到大學(xué),繼續(xù)接受教育并獲得學(xué)位的事跡。4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distractions”inParagraph1referto?A.Gradesandpressure.B.Hobbiesandclothes.C.Partyinganddating.D.Worriesaboutfinance.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中:“Ididn’thavethedistractionsthatarecommonamongtraditional-agestudentssuchaspartyingandboyfriend/girlfrienddramas”可知,沒有傳統(tǒng)年齡的學(xué)生常見的分心,如聚會和交男女朋友等。故選C。5.Whodoesn’tthinktheagedifferenceisabigissue?A.EamonO’Kelly.B.DianneMclaren-Brighton.C.AmerKhwaja.D.GillBullen.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“theagedifferencewasnotanissue.”可知選項(xiàng)B正確。6.HowdidAmerKhwajafeelatfirst?A.Confident.B.Enthusiastic.C.Optimistic. D.Inferior.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Iwasverynervousaboutit:Ithoughttheotherstudentswouldbesmarterthanme...Ithoughttheotherstudentswouldn’tlikeme,”可以推斷出剛開始作者比較自卑。故答案選D。7.HowoldwasGillBullen’shusbandwhenhewentbacktouniversity?A.30.B.40.C.45.D.50.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“...hefeltthatat25hewastooold.Fifteenyears...later,hesuddenlydecidedhewantedtogotouniversity.”可知,作者的丈夫大約在40歲的時候決定想上大學(xué)了。故選B。CGengShuaihasanickname“China’sUselessEdison”.Hisfamehasgrownbecausehisinventionsareseenasstrange,andoftenunnecessary.Theformerwelder(焊工),wholivesinthenorthernprovinceofHebei,becameanInternetsensationwithvideosofhiscreationspostedonlinein2017.Hehassincerackedupmorethan2.7millionfollowersontheChineseshortvideoappKuaishouandnearlyamilliononhisWeibo.“ThejobsIusedtohavewereextremelyboringanduninspiring.Itwasmoreorlessacaseofdoingthesamethingeveryday,”saidGeng,whospentmorethanadozenyearsinjobshedidn’tenjoyafterdroppingoutofschoolat16.MakingitemsfrommetalcomesnaturallytoGeng,whocherisheschildhoodmemoriesofsneakingintothefactorywherehiswelderfatherworked,toobservehimandoccasionallyhelp.NowGengearnsaboutthreetimeswhatheusedto,hesaid,despitepoorsalesandpricesseenashigh,becauseeachspecialiseditemtakesalongtimetomakebyhand.Hisearningscomemainlyfromonlinetokensboughtbyfollowersandadvertisements.Gengsaysheputsalotofeffortintopreparingforthelivestreaming,aspublicspeakingdoesnotcomenaturallytohim.“Sometimesduringalivestream,Irunoutofthingstosay.Thatfeelsveryawkward.”Comments,questionsandlikesfromfansfloodedinatarecentlivestreamsessionwherehedemonstratedseveralinventions,suchasahandbagbuiltintoahammerresemblingthatwieldedbyThor,thegodofNorsemythology.“Geng’screativemindisajoytowatch,”saidZhouBingke,whoteachesweldingandmetalworkatTsinghua【文章大意】文章是一篇新聞報(bào)道,講述了河北的電焊工耿帥在網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播平臺憑借自己富有想象力的“無用”作品走紅的故事。8.WhyisGengShuainicknamed‘UselessEdison’?A.Gengisalazyperson.B.Gengisadisabledwelder.C.Genginventsusefulproducts.D.Gengcreatesvarioususelessthings.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章提到becausehisinventionsareseenasstrange,andoftenunnecessary可知,耿帥的發(fā)明千奇百怪,經(jīng)常沒有用,因此他被網(wǎng)友稱為“無用愛迪生”,故選D。9.WhydoesGengsellhisproductsatahighprice?A.Heisinneedofmoneybadly.B.Hetakesprideinhisonlinefame.C.Hespendslongtimemakingthem.D.Hemakesadvertisementswiththem.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段中提到becauseeachspecialiseditemtakesalongtimetomakebyhand可知,他的發(fā)明純手工制作,費(fèi)時費(fèi)力,所以售價很高。10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A.Gengcanmakelivestreamingeasily.B.Genghasateamtomakevideosforhim.C.Gengisactuallynotanoutgoingperson.D.Gengmakesalivingmainlybysellinghisproducts.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中aspublicspeakingdoesnotcomenaturallytohim可知他在公共場合不善言辭,是個內(nèi)向的人。11.AccordingtoZhouBingke,whyareGeng’svideossopopular?A.Theyarefunnyandserious.B.Theyareinspiringandcreative.C.Theyareinterestingbutboring.D.Theyareamusingbutdangerous.【解析】選B。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。清華大學(xué)老師認(rèn)為Geng’screativemindisajoytowatch.SeeingGeng’svideoswillleadtomorepeoplemakingthings.。故選B。DAnewstudyfromPennResearchersgaveparticipantsdifferentcolorsofliquidwithdifferenttastes—includingbitter,sweet,savory(香薄荷)andsour.Participantsthentriedclearliquidswiththesametastes,andtheywereaskedtoassociatethemwithacolor.Researchersfoundtheseassociationsareeasytolearn,andonesthatarecurrentlycommon—likeredforsweetoryellowforsour—maynotbesetinstone.Sixin10studyparticipantslearnednewcolor-flavorpairingsafterfourexposures.

Whatconsumersexpectwhentheyseeafoodpreparesthemselvestotastecertainflavors.Thestrongassociationsbetweencolorandflavorarewellestablishedinscientificcommunity.Branding,packagingandcolorqualityoftheproductitselfplayabigpartincreatingandmaintainingexpectations.Foodbrandshavelongunderstoodthisandworkedtoestablishstandards.Theyrelyonvisualexpectationstopullcustomersintounfamiliarproduct.Insomecases,colorcanoverpowerothersensesandconvincepeopletheytasteflavorsthataren’tthere.ThePenn“Thismighthavesuggestionsinthefoodindustryifacompanyweretolaunchanewflavoredproductwithacolor.Someconsumersmightnotlearnoracceptanewcolorandflavorpairingaswellasothers,”PennAlthoughitmaybepossibletototallychangefoodcolors,itmaynotbeadvisable.Accordingtothisstudy,40%ofconsumerswouldbeleftbehind,stuckonfamiliarpatterns.That’sabiggambleforfoodbrandstotake.Consumerstendtowanttoknowwhatthey’reinforwhentheyselectaproduct—andcolorisabigpartofthat.Whileit’sinterestingthatconsumerexpectationsforcolorscouldshift,theriskofunexpectedcolorsishighforanycompany.【文章大意】本文是說明文,介紹一項(xiàng)研究成果:顏色和味道之間的關(guān)系。長久以來,人們普遍會把不同的顏色與不同的味道聯(lián)系起來,但研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)顏色和香味的聯(lián)系也是可以通過強(qiáng)化打破的?；诖苏?一些品牌和廠家會根據(jù)需求選擇適合自己產(chǎn)品的顏色來吸引顧客,但不要輕易嘗試改變?nèi)藗儗逃惺澄锏念伾?那樣會失去相當(dāng)一部分顧客。12.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3mean?A.Differentpeoplehavedifferentcolor-tastematch.B.Evensomecommonassociationscanbechanged.C.Commonassociationsoncesetcannotbechanged.D.Thecurrentassociationsarerecordedinthestone.【解析】選B。句意理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句前半句知ones代替的是上文的associations,最后一句“Sixin10studyparticipantslearnednewcolor-flavorpairingsafterfourexposures.”研究中10個參與者中就有6個人在四次接觸后學(xué)習(xí)了新的顏色與味道的搭配,據(jù)此可知上句的maynotbesetinstone應(yīng)該是可以改變的,即:不是一成不變的。13.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphimply?A.Brandingandpackagingaremoreimportant.B.Colorcannotinfluencethetasteofanewfood.C.Peoplecanbelievetheirexperiencesandexpectations.D.Seeingisnotalwaysbelievingfornewfoodproducts.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段第一句:Whatconsumersexpectwhentheyseeafoodpreparesthemselvestotastecertainflavors,因?yàn)槿藗儗τ谧约嚎吹降氖澄锸怯衅诖奈兜赖?倒數(shù)兩句:Theyrelyonvisualexpectationstopullcustomersintounfamiliarproduct.Insomecases,colorcanoverpowerothersensesandconvincepeopletheytasteflavorsthataren’tthere.所以生產(chǎn)商也利用視覺期待達(dá)到自己的銷售目的,有些情況下顏色甚至能蒙騙人們的其他感覺讓他們嘗到原本不存在的味道。14.Whatisadvisedinthelastparagraph?A.Don’triskchangingfoodcolorscompletely.B.Changefoodcolorstogainmoreconsumers.C.Stickingonfamiliarpatternsisabiggamble.D.Distinguishtrueorfalsecustomerswithnewfoodcolors.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本段第一句Althoughitmaybepossibletototallychangefoodcolors,itmaynotbeadvisable.和最后一句Whileit’sinterestingthatconsumerexpectationsforcolorscouldshift,theriskofunexpectedcolorsishighforanycompany.可知這個賭注太大,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)過高。15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatcanbedonetofindatastyfood?B.Howdeeparecolor-tasteassociations?C.Doyouknowthecolorofwhatyou’reeating?D.Isthereanythingmysteriouswithfoodproducts?【解析】選B。主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段AnewstudyfromPennStateconfirmslongstandingresearchintotherelationshipbetweencolorandtaste.Whatconsumersseewhentheyeatmattersasmuch—ifnotmore—thanwhattheytaste.賓夕法尼亞州大學(xué)長期以來進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究證實(shí)了顏色和味道之間的聯(lián)系,人們看到的遠(yuǎn)比吃到的重要。后面從不同方面講了食物與顏色之間長久的瓜葛,生產(chǎn)商也注意到此,從顏色、包裝和品牌方面打造食物,迎合消費(fèi)者,甚至以假亂真,可知顏色與味道之間的淵源真的是太深了。Ⅱ.閱讀填句根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TipstoBeaMoreSustainableTravelerUnmanagedtourismcandamageculturalsites.1Nowtravelresponsiblywiththesesimpleguidelines.

●Knowthehistory.Beforeyoutravel,readuponthehistoryandcultureofyourdestination.UsetheInternettogetleadsonlocalspecialtiesandoff-the-beaten-pathsitesfromlocalsandothertravelers.2

●Beeco-friendly.3Whateverhelpstheenvironment,suchasrecyclingorstayinginaneco-friendlyhotel,alsoprotectsheritag