文件激光原理

Chapter1:Chapter1:AimoftheToprovideknowledgeofthelaserasafundamentaltoolofcontemporaryscienceandtechnology??CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-2AfterstudyingthisAfterstudyingthiscoursestudents???understandtheoperationofalaseratabasiclevelbefamiliarwiththecharacteristicsoflaserbefamiliarwithawiderangeofcontemporarylaserapplicationsinscienceandengineeringbeabletomakesimpleanalysesoflaserimprovetheirscientific??CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-3basicbasicfundamentalsofelectromagneticWorkingEnglish/CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-4RecommendedOSvelto(translatedRecommendedOSvelto(translatedbyDCHanna):PrinciplesofLasers,5thed,SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,2010周炳琨等激光原理第6WTSilfvast:LaserFundamentals,2nded,CambridgeUniversityPress2004AESiegman:Lasers,UniversityScienceBooks,CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-5LaserLaser?PropertiesoflaserbeamsInteractionofRadiationwithMatterRayandwavepropagationthroughopticalmediaOpticalResonatorsPumpingContinuousWave(CW)LaserBehaviorTransientLaserBehavior(pulsedlasers)SpecificLaserSystemsandTheirApplicationsReview,PropertiesofLaserCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-6Examand?ToExamand?Towriteanessay:+Presentationanddefense:?Exam:CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-7“激光原理”“激光原理”課于2012年成為第六批立項設(shè)的廈門大學(xué)優(yōu)質(zhì)碩士學(xué)位課有關(guān)本課程的更多信息和課件等可登“廈門大學(xué)研究生院優(yōu)質(zhì)碩士學(xué)位課程教平臺CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-8ElectromagneticElectromagnetic9 ～390 ～710CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-SpectrumofElectromagnetic><3x<10-0.1-CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-SpectrumofElectromagnetic><3x<10-0.1-10-3x109-3x10-5-10-4-7x10-3x1012-4.3x0.01-7x10-7-4x10-4.3x1014-7.5x2-4x10-7-10-7.5x1014-3x3-X-10-9-10-3x1017-3x103-Gamma<10->3x>LaserLaserwavelength10nm–30ExamplesofHe-Ne:632.8CO2:10.6Nd:YAG:1.06Laserdiodes(LDs):visible–infraredEr-dopedfibre:1.56μmYb-dopedfibre:1.071nm=10-9m,1μm=10-6CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-UniquepropertiesofUniquepropertiesofComparedwithconventional“thermal”lightsources,laserbeamsareofhighcoherenceandhighBrightnessSpatialcoherencelaserbeamdivergesslowly,ideallyat“diffractionlimit”θTemporalcoherenceNarrowfrequency→veryprecisemeasurementsofdistanceandtimeExtremelyshortasshortas80attosecond(80x10-18Extremelyhighpower/>1015WpeakpowersystemsCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-ExamplesofExamplesoflaserTelecommunicationmarking,etc)ScientificMilitaryMedicaldiagnosticsandCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-CC.Ye,LaserCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-?Pumpingprocess?Pumpingprocesspreparesamplifyingmediuminsuitable?Opticalpowerincreasesoneachpassthroughamplifying?Ifgainexceedsloss,devicewilloscillate,generatingacoherentCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-MustunderstandthreebroadMustunderstandthreebroad?Howdoesradiationinteractwith–absorptionand–stimulatedandspontaneous–conditionsforamplificationratherthanHowdowepreparesystemtoobtainoptical–dynamicsofevolutionofpopulationbetweenquantum–pumpingtoobtainpopulation–saturationtoreachsteady-HowdoEMwavespropagateinspaceandresonatein–Gaussian–interferometers(opticalfeedback??Combiningthesebasicelements,wecanpredictbehavioroflaseroscillatorsandamplifiersCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-TypesofTypesofClassifiedbygainGas–electronimpactexcitesatomicormolecular–discretewavelengths(UV–He-Ne,Ar-ion,CO2,Solid-statelasers(ionsincrystalsor–opticalpumping(flashlamp,diodelaser)excitesdopantsin–efficient,highpower,oftenbroadlytunableand/orshortpulses(typicallyvisible-NIR)–Nd:YAG,Ti:sapphire,Semiconductordiode–currentinjectedintodiodejunctioncreates–small(<mm3),efficient,easily–AlGaAs,InGaAsP,…(typicallyNIR,recentlyFIRCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-InteractionofRadiationwithInteractionofRadiationwithCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-W12:W12:AbsorptionFCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-A:RateA:RateofspontaneousCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-=-=-CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-CC.Ye,CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-EinsteinShowedthat?=sEinsteinShowedthat?=s?Fordegenerateg2sub-eachwiththesameenergyE2=g2sg1Sub-CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-CC.Ye,LaserCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-dF=dF=s21FN2dZ-s12FN1dZCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-InthermodynamicE-N2）= N2-g2InthermodynamicE-N2）= N2-g21N0N2g 1-g2N02g1isanon-equilibriumsituation,called“PopulationInversion”CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-Let:E2-E1=2.25N2/N1=2.6x10-WhengaininWhengainingainmediumlossatthemirrors,plusanylossinthethenwegetCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-LasingThreshold2sNl2e-L)R = (GainBalancesLasingThreshold2sNl2e-L)R = (GainBalancesi R1,R2:reflectivitiesoftheLi:internallossperpassintheNc≡ThevalueofNinvforwhichthelasingthresholdconditionissatisfied,calledthe"CriticalInversion"=-lnR1R2-2ln(1-Li=NcslCC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-g=g+g1+ Logarithmic g2=-ln=CC.Ye,=CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-ThelaserThelaserisoneoftheinventionsofthe20thcentury—onethathasrevolutionizedthewaywelive./lasers/video-CC.Ye,LaserPrinciples,C-MilestonesintheearlyMilestonesintheearlyhistoryof?1917,A.Einsteindiscoveredthestimulatedemissionand1954,Ammoniavapourmaser,1958,TownesandSchawlow:opticalamplifier+opticalmirrorcavity1960,Firstlaserdemonstrated(TMaiman,1960),solid-stateruby(Cr3+:Al2O3)Firstglasslaser(Snitzer1961)1964,Nd:YAG(Yttr