2023版高三一輪總復(fù)習(xí)英語人教版（滇晉皖吉）第1部分 選擇性必修第4冊 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION

UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION

>>>_________________基礎(chǔ)知識梳理___________________

JICHUZHISHISHULI構(gòu)建知識體系

課標(biāo)單詞背誦

（先填后背）

1.fictionn.小說；虛構(gòu)的事

2.bonusn.意外收獲；獎(jiǎng)金；紅利

3.integrityn.誠實(shí)正直；完整；完好

4.dignityn.莊重；莊嚴(yán)；尊嚴(yán)

5.naHn.指甲；趾甲；釘子”.（用釘子）釘牢；固定

6.saleswomann.女售貨員；女推銷員

7.儂皿a力?.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過失的

8.chairwomann.女主席；女董事長；女委員長

9.grammen.克（重量單位）

10.flour/?.面粉；（谷物磨成的）粉

11.venuen.活動(dòng)場地（如音樂廳、會場等）

12.salesmann.售貨員；推銷員

13.superiore力.更好的;占優(yōu)勢的；（在級別或重要性上）更高的

14.leathern.皮革；［pl.］皮衣；皮外套

15.paneln.控制板；儀表盤；專家咨詢組

16.inchn.英寸（長度單位，等于2.54厘米）

17.backwards"血.向后:倒著；往回

18.niecen.侄女；外甥女

19.handkerchiefn.手帕；紙巾

20.lampn.燈；臺燈

21.pacen.速度；步伐；節(jié)奏W.&式.確定速度；調(diào)整節(jié)奏

22.maximum。力.最大極限的n.最大量；最大限度

23.mudn.泥；泥漿

［單詞拼寫.運(yùn)用］

核心單詞語境運(yùn)用

用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Cojochruandhertwochildrenlivewithhersister

1.salaryn.薪水；薪金

inMoldova,wheresalaries(salary)areamongthe

2.dismiss”.讓（某人）離開;

lowestinEurope.

解散；解雇；消除

2.Wehavebeenlabouring(labour)alldayinthe

3.labourn.勞動(dòng)（者）；體

fields,feelingtiredandsleepy.

力勞動(dòng)況.奮斗；努力工作

3.Thematchhadjustbegunwhentheheavens

4.suspend懸;掛；暫停；

openedandplaywassuspended(suspend).

暫緩

4.Adoctoristheretotreatandtocure,notto

5.fetch去）拿來;（去）

dismiss(dismiss)anyoneasahopelesscase.

請來

5.Thevillagersusedtowalkamiletofetch(fetch)

waterbutnowtheycangetcleanwatereasily.

派生單詞語境運(yùn)用

1.declare表明；宣稱；公布用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

declarationn.宣告；宣稱；宣言1.Thepeopleinthecoloniesdeclared

2.weekn,周，星期fweeklya力.每thattheywouldformtheirownstateand

周的〃.周刊finallysignedadeclarationof

independence.(declare)

3.appoint”.任命；委派；約定時(shí)間

2.Itiscalculatedthatwewillspend

fappointmentn.預(yù)約；約會；委任

abouttwohourscompletingthe

4.calculate計(jì)算；核算；預(yù)測

calculationofthetotalifweuse

->calculationn.計(jì)算fcalculator".巾一

calculators,(calculate)

算器

3.Inherstudy,participantswere

5.divides.分開；除；除以fdivision

dividedintoseveralgroups,eachhaving

n.分開；分隔；差異；除（法）

thesamedivisionoftimeand

6.urge〃.強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)“催促；resources.(divide)

力勸；大力推薦furgent。力.急迫的4.Thesurveyusedarandomsampleof

urgencyn,緊急，緊迫furgentlyadv.twothousandpeopleacrossEngland,

緊急地；急切地whowererandomlyselectedby

7.random隨機(jī)的；不可思議的computer.(random)

—randomlyado.隨機(jī)；隨意5.Abombexplodedinthecentreofthe

cityandtheexplosionkilledmorethan

8.explode況爆炸;爆破

100people.(explode)

—explosion爆炸；爆破

高考熱點(diǎn)?熟詞生義選出罡”字在句中的乏喘漢話恚思

1.（2021?新高考卷I）Asanaddedbonus,it'sclosetothemaintrainstation.C

A.獎(jiǎng)金B(yǎng).紅利C.好處

2.(2020?全國卷I)Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingata

paceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800caloriesperhour.A

A.步速B.步幅C.節(jié)奏

3.(2020?全國卷I)Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.Donotfollowthepeople

whomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.C

A.跟蹤B.理解C.效仿

［短語理解?運(yùn)用］

高頻短語語境運(yùn)用

1.morelike更像是；更接近選用左面短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。

2.fallaway（逐漸）減少;消失1.Iheardmynamecalledandturned

3.turnout關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場；使朝aroundtoseewhoitwas.

外；結(jié)果是2.Owningtoshortageofcoalsupply,

outputfromthepowerstationsfell

4.takeover占上風(fēng)；取而代之；接管；

away.

接手

3.Hisworkistotestoutnewdesigns

5.haveanurgeto

ofcarsbeforetheyareputonthe

有強(qiáng)烈的欲望做某事

market.

6.testout檢驗(yàn)；測試

4.Whowilltakeoverthecompany

轉(zhuǎn)身

7.turnaroundafterMr.Howeretiresnextmonth?

8.ona...basis根據(jù)；以的方式5.Wehavefoundthattheseresults

（基準(zhǔn)）conflictwithearlierfindings.

9.conflictwith與沖突或抵觸

［句式辨識?運(yùn)用］

教材原句背誦句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫

l.It+be+a切.+that從句他不可能在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這

Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthat項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

shewasbeingofferedsympathybyaItisimpossiblethathecanfinishthe

robot...taskinsuchashorttime.

在他居住的小村子前矗立著一個(gè)紀(jì)

2.there引起的完全倒裝句式

念碑。

Assheturnedaround,therestood

Therestandsamnnumnntinfrontof

GladysClaffem.

thesmallvillagewherehelives.

3,asif引導(dǎo)狀語從句或表語從句

Thesunandmoonlookedasifthey那位老人走路的樣子就像喝醉了似

werebeingthrownacrossthesky,but的。

soontherewasdivisionbetweennightTheoldmanwalksasifheweredrunk.

andday.

>>>重唯考點(diǎn)探究

ZHONGNANKAODIANTANJIU突破思維瓶頸

1.declareM.［課本義］表明；宣稱；公布

［增補(bǔ)義］申報(bào)邰稅品、收入等）

declaresb./sth.tobe...宣布某人或某事是...

declarefor/against...贊成/反對...

declarethat...宣告；宣稱...

It'smyhonourtodeclarethemeetingopen.我很榮幸宣布大會開始。

’語塊存儲.一

declaretheexhibitionopen/closed宣布展覽開幕/閉幕

declarewaronthatcountry向那個(gè)國家宣戰(zhàn)

declareforthetaxcut贊成減稅

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①Theinstanttheresultwasdeclared(declare),thecrowdexplodedintocheers.

②Inaword,hisactionsdeclaredhimtobe(be)anhonestman.

(3)In1812,USPresidentJamesMadisondeclaredwaronBritain,forwhichhe

wasattackedbymanyAmericans.

［鏈接寫作］——完成句子

①我最好的朋友李萍在會議上宣布反對我的提議。

LiPing,mybestfriend,declaredagainstmyproposalatthemeeting.

②就在上周，他們聲明反對修建一座新橋。

Itwaslastweekthattheydeclaredagainstbuildinganewbridge.

2.superior［課本義］a外更好的；占優(yōu)勢的；(在級別或重要性上)更高的

［增補(bǔ)義］〃.上級；上司

(be)superiorto...比?…“更好/強(qiáng)；更勝一籌

(be)inferiorto...比一?…差

(be)seniorto...比?…??年長/資歷深

(be)juniorto...比…???年幼/資歷淺

Attheappraisingmeeting,expertsstatedthismethodofmakingchinawas

superiortoothers.鑒定會上，專家們指出制作瓷器的這種方法優(yōu)于其他方法。

’語塊存儲..二

besuperiortoitscompetitors強(qiáng)于競爭對手

amanofsuperiorintelligence智力超群的人

myimmediatesuperior我的頂頭上司

k)

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①I'vepersonallyneversubscribedtotheviewthateithersexissuperiortothe

other.

②Mr.Smithlooksmuchyounger,butheisactuallyseniortomebytwoyears.

「鏈接寫作］——詞匯升級

(普通表達(dá))Thereisnodoubtthatthenewmethodisbetterthantheoldone.

(高級表達(dá))Thereisnodoubtthatthenewmethodissuperiortotheoldone.

3.pace［課本義］〃,速度；步伐；節(jié)奏式.&式.確定速度；調(diào)整節(jié)奏

［增補(bǔ)義］仇慢步走；踱步

(l)ata(n)...pace以...的速度

atone'sownpace按自己的進(jìn)度

keeppacewithsb./sth.與某人/某物并駕齊驅(qū)/步調(diào)一致

(2)paceupanddown來回踱步

1prefertherelaxedpaceoflifeinthecountry.

我喜愛鄉(xiāng)間那悠閑的生活節(jié)奏。

’語塊存"者..

marchatasteadypace穩(wěn)步行進(jìn)

quickenhispace加快他的腳步

slowdownthepaceoflife放慢生活節(jié)奏

____________________J

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)

①Theexplorersproceededatameasuredpaceinthedenseforest,wheredanger

couldariseatanytime.

②Studentsinmyschoolstudyattheir(they)ownpace,andtheteachersseldom

setexams.

(3)Verylateatnight,shefoundJohnpaceupanddowninhisflat,unableto

sleep,pace^pacing

［鏈接寫作］——完成句子

①還有400米要跑，他努力與那些領(lǐng)先者并駕齊驅(qū)。

With400metrestorun,hetriedtokeeppacewiththeleaders.

②隨著球向山下滾動(dòng)，它的速度越來越快。

Theballgatheredpaceasitrolleddownthehill.

4.urgen.強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)”.催促；力勸；大力推薦

(l)theurgetodosth.做某事的渴望

haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事

(2)urgesth./sb.on催促某物/某人前進(jìn)

urgesb.todosth.催促某人做某事

urgethat...(should)dosth.極力主張...做某事

Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.堅(jiān)決要求...做某事

Iwasembarrassed,butIfoughttheurgetorunoffthestage.我感到很尷尬，但

我抑制了想跑下臺的沖動(dòng)。

廠語塊存儲A

urgehertoreconsiderherdecision勸說她重新考慮她的決定

asuddenurgetoscream突然想大聲喊叫

beurgedonbythecrowd受到觀眾的激勵(lì)

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)

①Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(snack)

betweenmeals.

②ThesummervacationisdrawingnearandIhaveanurgetotravelaround.

?Parentsshouldactivelyurgefortheirchildrentotakeadvantageofthe

opportunitytojoinsportsteams.去掉for

［鏈接寫作］——一句多譯

隨著期末考試的臨近，有人敦促我們更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。

①Wewereurgedtostudyharderwiththefinalexaminationapproaching.(動(dòng)詞

不定式)

②Itwasurgedthatwe(should)studyharderwiththefinalexamination

approaching.(主語從句)

5.ona.?.basis根據(jù)；以...的方式(基準(zhǔn))

［高考原旬?2020?新高考卷I［Remember,evenworldchampionathletespractice

theirskillsonaconsistentbasis.

(l)onaregularbasis例行地；有規(guī)律地；定期地

onadaily/weeklybasis每天/每周

onthebasisof7that...基于；因?yàn)?/p>

(2)base〃.根基；基礎(chǔ)以……為基礎(chǔ)；以……為基地

bebasedon/upon以...為基礎(chǔ)，以為根據(jù)

Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirliving

withhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions.對我們

來說，最可能的解釋似乎是根源來自它們與人類生活在一起，這使它們能夠大量

接觸到人類的面部表情。

’語塊存儲

onavoluntarybasis志愿地；以自愿性質(zhì)

onthebasisofageandsocialclass基于年齡和社會階層

basedontrustandexistingrelationships基于信任和現(xiàn)有關(guān)系

）

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)

①Onthebasisofthesefacts,wecanconcludethattheridiculousrumourwas

spreadbymyniece.

②Hissurveyshaveprovidedthemostexplicitstatementsofhow,andonwhat

basis,dataarecollected.

③Somevideoshavebeenbannedonthebasistheyaretooviolent.basis后力口that

［鏈接寫作］——詞匯升級

（普通表達(dá)）Hehasformedthehabitofgettingupearlyandexercisingeveryday,

whichenableshimtokeepphysicallyhealthy.

（高級表達(dá)）Hehasformedthehabitofgettingupearlyandexercisingonadaily

basis,whichenableshimtokeepphysicallyhealthy.

6.takeovei?占上風(fēng)；取而代之；接管；接手

takeoff脫掉（衣服等）；起飛；事業(yè)騰飛

takedown寫下；記下；拆除

takein吸收；接納；領(lǐng)會；欺騙

takeon呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)；從事

takeup占有（時(shí)間/空間）；繼續(xù)；開始；接受；拿起；開始從事

Technologyisheretohelpus,butweshouldnotallowittotakeoverourlives.

技術(shù)是用來幫助我們的，但我們不應(yīng)該讓它掌控我們的生活。

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①I'malittlesleepyandI'dappreciateitifyoucouldtakeoverthedrivingfora

while.

②Afterheretiredfromoffice,Rogertookugpaintingforawhile,butsoonlost

interest.

③Withthearrivalofspring,allthingsarebeginningtotakeonanewaspect.

［鏈接寫作］——完成句子

①智能手機(jī)不僅占用了我們太多的寶貴時(shí)間，而且對我們的健康也有很大的

危害。

Smartphonesnotonlytakeuptoomuchofourvaluabletime,butalsodogreat

harmtoourhealth.

②普遍認(rèn)為杰克是湯姆退休后接任總經(jīng)理的理想人選。

h'sgenerallyacceptedthatJackistheidealpersontotakeoverasgeneral

managerwhenTomretires.

7.turnout關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場；使朝外；結(jié)果是

[高考原句?2020?新高考卷II]Bythetime250,000wereonthebridge,engineers

noticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobethe

heaviestloadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.

turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身，掉頭

turnaway拒絕（某人）進(jìn)入；拒絕幫助

turndown調(diào)??；拒絕

turnin上交

turnover移交；翻轉(zhuǎn)

turnto向（某人）求助

turnup調(diào)大；翻起；出現(xiàn)，露面

Noonecouldhaveforeseenthingswouldturnoutthisway.誰都沒有預(yù)料到事

情的結(jié)果會這樣。

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①Wewantedtogethomebeforedark,butitdidn，tquiteturnoutasplanned.

②I'mnotreallyreadingthemagazine,justturningoverthepages.

(3)Tomhadtoturndowntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewas

toobusy.

［鏈接寫作］—完成句子

①我真心期待他能準(zhǔn)時(shí)出現(xiàn)在婚禮現(xiàn)場。

Ireallyexpecthimtoturnupattheweddingontime.

②結(jié)果是她沒有得到那份工作。

Itturnedoutthatshedidn'tgetthejobintheend.

?>關(guān)鍵能力評估

GUANJIANNENGLIPINGGU強(qiáng)化運(yùn)用技能

夯基固本——基礎(chǔ)落實(shí)

I.用所給詞的正確形式填空。

1.Irodewithmycousintomygrandfather5shouse,wherewefoundhim

pacing(pace)backandforth,awaitingourarrival.

2.Whenpassingthecustoms,ifyouhavesomethingtodeclare(declare),

remembertogothroughtheRedChannel.

3.Theywillaskyoutosignadeclaration(declare)allowingyourdoctorto

discloseyourmedicaldetails.

4.(2019?全國卷I)Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognize

differentparticipantsbased(base)onhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.

5.Anewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,

urging(urge)thegovernmenttokeepitunderclosesupervision.

II.改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤。

1.Theinstantthedramafestivaldeclaredopen,thecrowdcheered.festivalJqjjU

was

2.Ineverfeltaurgetolearnanysignlanguagebefore.a->an

3.Itwasurgedthatalllibrarieswerekeptopenduringtheweekend,butnone

responded,werebe

4.Iacceptedafreeoffertotestmywritingaptitude,anditwasturnedouttobe

theinspirationIneeded.去掉在后的was

5.Shewasfinallychosenforthejobatthebasisofherqualifications.at—on

in.在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。

1.Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyare

performedonaroutinebasis.

2.It，sridiculousthatthiscountrydeclaredwaronfourcountriesatthesametime.

3.Hestillholdsthebeliefthatcountrylifeistosomeextentsuperiortotownlife.

4.Theexhibitionsponsoredbyseveralfamouscompaniesturnedouttobeagreat

success.

5.Peterwilltakeovermypositionastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendof

nextmonth.

查缺補(bǔ)漏——知識拾遺

I.用所給詞的正確形式填空。

X.Clairetriedtohelpbyworkingonalightsuspended(suspend)fromtheceiling,

butshefellofftheladder.

2.Atthatmoment,Tonytookherinhisarms,bringing(bring)hisfacecloseto

hers.

3.Myniececameintofetchsomething,maybeherhandkerchief,apparently

(apparent)withoutseeingme.

4.Whenshesteppedoutofthehall,therestood(stand)herboyfriend,holdinga

bunchofflowers.

5.Asalesmanwhoisnotpunctualmaynotmakeasaleifhearriveslateforan

appointment(appoint).

II.在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。

1.(2021?全國乙卷改編)Theparticipantsweredividedintofourgroupsatrandom

andexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground.

2.Somepsychologistshavearguedthatthis“play”ismorelikeascientific

investigationthanonemightthink.

3.Onthesecondmorning,Tonybroughtherbreakfastandthenaskedher

whethersheneededhelpdressing.

4.Itwasatteno'clocktodaythatthefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.

5.Thenewproducttobetestedoutisacombinationoftraditionalmethodsand

artificialintelligence.

強(qiáng)技提能——語言應(yīng)用

I.語法填空

短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點(diǎn)，請?jiān)诳瞻滋幪钊?個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括

號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并背誦該短文。

MynieceBettyworksinastore,wheresheispopularwithmostofthesalesmen

andsaleswomen.Asagirlofintegrity,Bettyalways1.treats(treat)everyonewith

dignity.Oneofherjobsistoaccuratelycalculatethesalariesofthestaffandpayout

2.bonuses(bonus)tothebestemployeesonamonthlybasis.Lastmonth,shewas

appointed3,totake(take)overtheoperationofthestore.Allthestaffwasinfavourof

her4.appointment(appoint)exceptforasalesmanBruce,whothoughthewas

superiortoanyoneelseandcapableofrunningthestore5.better(well).Toprovehis

competence,Brucedeclaredthathecouldsel