高考英語大一輪復習 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions課時作業(yè) 新人教版選修試題

Unit3InventorsandinventionsⅠ.單項填空1．—Haveyou______？—No.Ihadthewrongnumber.A．gotin B．gotawayC．gotoff D．gotthrough解析考查動詞短語的區(qū)別。getin“插話，收割”；getaway“離開；走開”；getoff“下車”；getthrough“接通電話，完成，到達，通過”，由此可知該題的答案為D項，意思是“你打通電話了嗎？”答案D2．Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney______inthelibrary.A．discovered B．tobediscoveredC．discovering D．havingdiscovered解析考查非謂語動詞作定語。句意：迄今為止，沒有人認領(lǐng)在圖書館里發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢。因discover與money之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。答案A3．Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.A．todiscover B．tobediscoveredC．discovered D．beingdiscovered解析考查不定式的被動式作目的狀語。解答這類題時，一定要弄清非謂語動詞和主語之間的邏輯關(guān)系。句意：在外面有許多有才華的演員等著被發(fā)現(xiàn)。tobediscovered為不定式短語作目的狀語。discover與其邏輯主語actors之間為動賓關(guān)系，且discover動作是將要發(fā)生，故用動詞不定式的被動式。答案B4．Afterthat，heknewhecould______anyemergencybydoingwhathecouldtothebestofhisability.A．getawaywith B．getonwithC．getthrough D．getacross解析考查get動詞短語。句意：(經(jīng)歷過)那件事以后，他知道只要他盡自己所能就能處理任何緊急情況。tothebestof盡……所能；就……的限度。getawaywith攜……潛逃；(做了壞事)逍遙法外；getonwith進展；相處；getthrough通過；完成；getacross過(馬路、橋等)；使(人)了解自己的意思。由句意可知，C項為最佳選項。答案C5．It’sthesortofworkthat______ahighlevelofconcentration.A．callsfor B．makesupC．lieson D．standsfor解析考查短語動詞辨析。callfor需要，需求；makeup編(故事、借口等)；liein位于，在于；standfor代表。根據(jù)句意，A項符合。答案A6．Itriedphoningheroffice，butIcouldn’t______.A．getalong B．getonC．getto D．getthrough解析考查動詞詞組辨析。getalong“相處融洽，進展”；geton“繼續(xù)，進行，上車”；getto“到達，開始”；getthrough“穿過，通過，讀完，打通(電話)”。根據(jù)句意：我試著給她辦公室打電話，但是沒有打通。因此只有g(shù)etthrough符合句意。答案D7．Itisdifficultto______onetwinfromtheother.Theyalmostdon’t______fromeachother.A．differ；distinguish B．distinguish；differentC．distinguish；differ D．tell；different解析distinguish表示“區(qū)分，辨別”，常構(gòu)成distinguishAfromB，而differfromeachother意為“有區(qū)別，不同于”，相當于bedifferentfromeachother。答案C8．—Mum，itisniceweather.Iwanttoskatethisafternoon.—Don’tyouthinktheiceonthelakeistoothinto______yourweight?A．carry B．bearC．catch D．take解析這里的bear不表示“忍受”，而是“承受”的意思。答案B9．Hardlycouldhe______thisamountofworkinsuchashorttime.A．getthrough B．getoffC．getinto D．getdown解析考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在這么短的時間內(nèi)他幾乎完不成這么多工作。getthrough有完成之意，符合句意。getoff下車；getinto進入，陷入；getdown“下車，吞下，寫下”；都與句意不搭配。答案A10．Itishardforyoungchildrentodistinguishright______wrong.A．with B．toC．from D．between解析distinguishrightfromwrong“辨別是與非”。答案C11．Whenweplanourvacation，motheroftenoffers______suggestions.A．careful B．practicalC．effective D．a(chǎn)cceptable解析母親是長輩，她所擁有的是實用的信息。建議要經(jīng)過檢驗之后才知道是否有效，排除C項，可接受的建議不一定實用，排除D項。答案B12．—Mum，we’vegottobe______andbuyonlywhatweneed.—Oh，I’mgladtohearthat.A．practical B．contentC．familiar D．a(chǎn)ctual解析前句句意：我們一定要實際些，只要我們需要的東西。practical實際的，符合情況的；content滿意的；familiar熟悉的；actual實際的。答案A13．Letterboxesaremuchmore______intheUKthanintheUS，wheremostpeoplehaveamailboxinstead.A．common B．normalC．ordinary D．usual解析考查同義詞辨析。句意：信箱在英國比在美國更常用，在美國大多數(shù)人都有一個郵箱。common指“為許多人或事物所共同具有的，因而常見”；ordinary指“由于與一般事物的性質(zhì)或標準相同，因而顯得平常，無奇特之處，反義詞為special”；usual指“在某一地方或某一時間內(nèi)所常見的，往往指常用的東西，或常發(fā)生的事情，反義詞為unusual”；normal同regular一樣，意為“正常的，正規(guī)的，標準的”。答案A14．Startoutrightaway，______you’llmissthefirsttrain.A．a(chǎn)nd B．butC．or D．which解析句意：立刻出發(fā)，否則你會錯過第一班火車的。or否則，符合句意。答案C15．ChristmasDayisusuallycelebratedonDecember25th______thebirthofJesusChrist.A．inpraiseof B．inhonorofC．intermsof D．inassociationwith解析考查介詞短語辨析。inpraiseof稱贊；inhonorof紀念；intermsof在……方面；inassociationwith與……在一起，與……聯(lián)合。由題意知選B項。答案BⅡ.完形填空Elainewasasaleswoman，whodrovealloverthecityfivedaysaweek.Whenallthefreewaylaneswereatadeadstop，shewoulddrivequicklyalongtheemergencylane.Whiledrivingsheusually__1__onhercellphone，drinkingasodaoreatingasandwich—herhands，legsandmouthwerealways__2__whileshewasdriving.Lastnightshegot__3__inFridayeveningrushhour.Shewasgoingtobe__4__forherdate.Shewasalready__5__whenthingsseemedtobegettingworseandallthetrafficstopped.Elainedrove__6__overtotheemergencylane.Soonshesawtheredflashinglightsinthemirror.Shehadto__7__hercar.Agood-lookingofficerwalkedup.“Officer，myboyfriendleftmeafterhegotmepregnant.Ihaveconstantmorningsickness.I’mjusttryingtogettotheneareststoretobuymy__8__.”Shelookedattheofficerwith__9__eyes.Helookedatherpitifully，thensaid__10__，“Okay，ma’am.Takethefirstexit.Ihopeyou’llbefeelingbetter.”TheofficerwalkedbacktohiscarandElainedroveon.Thiswasthesecondtimethat__11__hadworkedforher.Shehadonemorethingtodobeforeshegothome.Shehadtomailapackage.Whenshegottotheshoppingmallat7pm，noparkingwas__12__，exceptforthehandicappedspace.Elainedroverightintoit.Shewouldonlybeaminute，shetold__13__.Allshehadtodowas__14__thepostoffice，getthepackage__15__，andpaytheclerk.Fortunately，therewasno__16__inthestore.Everythingwasdoneso__17__thatshewaswhistlingwhileshewalkedbackouttohercar.Thenshestopped__18__.Therewasanenvelopeonthewindshield(擋風玻璃)．Sheopeneditslowly.Sheknew__19__itwas，butnothowmuchitwas.Shescreamedwhenshesawthe__20__.Adogstartedbarking.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了在晚上回家的途中發(fā)生在女推銷員Elaine身上的事情。1.A.depended B．carriedC．talked D．sold解析她在開車時通常打電話、喝蘇打汽水或吃三明治。talk(tosb.)onone’scellphone意為“用手機(和某人)通話”。答案C2．A.full B．openC．free D．busy解析在開車時她的手、腿和嘴巴總是閑不住。busy忙碌的，符合語境。答案D3．A.stuck B．hurtC．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．punished解析昨晚她趕上了周五晚上的交通高峰期。getstuckin意為陷入……。答案A4．A.late B．readyC．excited D．mad解析她的約會要遲到了。belatefor遲到，符合語境。答案A5．A.satisfied B．a(chǎn)ngryC．exhausted D．calm解析就在事情似乎變得更糟糕，所有的交通都停止的時候，她已經(jīng)生氣了。angry生氣的，發(fā)怒的。答案B6．A.reluctantly B．immediatelyC．guiltily D．gratefully解析Elaine立即(immediately)將車開上應(yīng)急車道。此空與文章第一段第二句中的“quickly”相呼應(yīng)。答案B7．A.stop B．startC．discard D．speed解析她不得不將車停(stop)下。答案A8．A.gas B．ticketC．medicine D．package解析她說她只是想到最近的商店買點兒藥(medicine)。答案C9．A.innocent B．a(chǎn)ggressiveC．a(chǎn)ddicted D．proud解析她用無辜的(innocent)眼神望著那名警官。答案A10．A.softly B．rudelyC．strictly D．skeptically解析他滿懷同情地看著她，溫和地(softly)說：“那行，女士。走第一個出口吧。我希望你會好起來。”答案A11．A.officer B．excuseC．driver D．mistake解析這是那個借口(excuse)第二次奏效了。答案B12．A.adoptable B．a(chǎn)ccessibleC．a(chǎn)cceptable D．a(chǎn)vailable解析當她晚上7點鐘到達購物中心的時候，除了殘疾人專區(qū)外，已沒有可供使用的(available)泊車位。答案D13．A.theclerk B．theguardC．theworker D．herself解析她告訴自己，只會停一分鐘。反身代詞herself在此作told的賓語。答案D14．A.takeout B．getoutC．runinto D．pushinto解析她要做的就是跑進(runinto)郵局，將包裹稱重(weighed)，并付錢給工作人員。答案C15．A.weighed B．printedC．repaired D．paid解析參見上題解析。答案A16．A.car B．lineC．police D．service解析幸運的是，不需要排隊。line隊伍，行列，符合語境。答案B17．A.quickly B．slowlyC．strangely D．quietly解析一切都做得很快(quickly)以至于她往回走向汽車時竟吹起了口哨。答案A18．A.talking B．drivingC．thinking D．whistling解析她停止吹口哨(whistling)。答案D19．A.how B．whyC．what D．that解析她知道那是什么(what)，但她不知道是多少。答案C20．A.letter B．orderC．a(chǎn)mount D．invitation解析當她看到罰單上的金額(amount)時，她尖叫起來。答案CⅢ.閱讀理解PublicbookshelvesareappearingacrossGermanyonstreetcorners，citysquaresandinsuburbansupermarkets.Inthesefree-for-alllibraries，peoplecangrabwhatevertheywanttoread，andleavebehindanythingtheywantforothers.There’snoneedtoregister，noduedate，andyoucantakeorgiveasmanyasyouwant.“Thisprojectisaimedateveryonewholikestoread.Itisopenforeverybody，”MichaelAubermann，oneoftheorganizersofthefreebookexchangesaid.Thewesterncity’slatestpublicshelfwasputupnexttoBayenturm.ItisthefourthfreeshelfthatAubermann’sgroup，theCologneCitizen’sFoundation，hasplacedoutside.“Wesetupourotheroutdoorshelveslastyearandit’sbeenworkingreallywell，”saidAubermann.Thepublicbookshelves，whichareusuallyfinancedbydonationsandcaredforbylocalvolunteergroups，haveappearedindependentlyofeachotherinmanycities，suburbsandvillages.Eachshelfholdsaround200booksandittakesaboutsixweeksforacompleteturnover，withalltheoldtitlesreplacedbynewones.Evencommercialbookstoresandonlinebooksellersseemtosupporttheideaoffreebookexchanges.“Weseethisprojectratherasasalespromotionthanascompetition，”saidElmarMuether.“Ifbooksarepresenteverywhere，ithelpsourbusiness，too.”Sofar，theColognebookgrouphashadfewproblemswithdamageorotherproblems.Aubermannsaid，“Propaganda(宣傳)istheonlykindofliteraturewedonotallowhere.”AtanotherbookshelfintheBayenthalneighborhood，thelowershelvesarereservedforchildren’sliteratureonly.“Itisimportantthatwemakeiteasyforeveryonetoparticipateinthis‘readingcultureonthestreet’—fromoldreaderstokidstoimmigrants，”Aubermannsaid.Whilemostoftheshelveshavesofarbeenputupinupscale_neighborhoods，Aubermannandthe20volunteerswhohelplookaftertheprojectareplanningtoputupfutureshelvesinpoorneighborhoods，wherecitizensoftendon’thaveasmuchaccesstoliterature.【語篇解讀】在德國的城市街角、廣場和郊區(qū)超市，一排排公共書架出現(xiàn)在人們的視野中。你可以隨意取閱或捐贈圖書。這項免費換書活動得到了人們的支持。1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthepublicbookshelves?A．Peoplecantakethebooksandleavetheirbooksatwill.B．Peoplecan’tborrowbooksunlesstheydonatebooks.C．Peoplecanborrowwhatevertheylikeafterregistering.D．Peoplehavetoreturnthebooksaccordingtotherequiredtime.解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“peoplecangrabwhatevertheywanttoread，andleavebehindanythingtheywantforothers.There’snoneedtoregister，noduedate，andyoucantakeorgiveasmanyasyouwant.”可知，人們可以隨意取閱或捐贈圖書，不需要登記，也沒有規(guī)定的還書時間。答案A2．AccordingtoAubermann，thepublicbookshelves________.A．a(chǎn)refinancedbylocalvolunteersB．havebeengoingwellsincetheirbirthC．weremanagedbythelocalgovernmentD．willholdmorebooksandtakeashorterturnover解析細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Wesetupourotheroutdoorshelveslastyearandit’sbeenworkingreallywell”可知，公共書架自誕生以來運行良好。根據(jù)第二段第四句話可知A項錯誤，C、D兩項文中沒有信息支持。答案B3．Theunderlinedphrase“upscaleneighborhoods”refersto________.A．communitiesthathavemanypeopleB．communitiesthathavemanytallbuildingsC．communitiesthatarefreetoliveinD．communitiesthatareofhighgrade解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后面的“poorneighborh