安徽省蕪湖京師實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試卷 （解析版）

2023-2024學(xué)年度第一次月考試卷高一英語試卷考試時(shí)間：120分鐘，滿分：150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheboydoduringtheholiday?A.StudyinAmerica.B.Workinarestaurant.C.LearnaboutAmerica.2.Whojoinedthereadingclub?A.Mary.B.Jack.C.Thewoman.3.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Editorandwriter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Takinganexam.B.Havingajobinterview.C.TakinganEnglishclass.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenovel?A.Exciting.B.Interesting.C.Disappointing.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?更多課件教案等優(yōu)質(zhì)滋源請(qǐng)家威杏MXSJ663A.Ontheroad.B.Atapolicestation.C.Inahospital.7.WhatshouldthewomandowhenshearrivesatGarfieldStreet?A.Walktwoblocks.B.Lookforahospital.C.Turnleft.聽第7段材料，回答第8至第10三個(gè)小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanworryaboutasforonlineshopping?A.Thequalityoffood.B.Theafter-salesservice.CThedamagetothepackage.9.Whatwillhappenifthemanbuysfromthesupermarket?A.Hewillhavefewerchoices.B.Hewillspendmoremoney.C.Hewillsavemoreonfood.10.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsonlineshoppingintheend?A.Confused.B.Supportive.C.Worried.聽第8段材料，回答第11至第13三個(gè)小題。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtoprepareforaparty.B.Howtoplanfortheweekend.CHowtocookfoodforguests.12.Whatdoesthewomanexpectthegueststodo?A.Sitaroundatabletoeatthemeal.B.Helpthempreparefood.C.Walkaroundandchatfreely.13.Whydoesthewomanthinkshoppinginthenewsupermarketisgreat?A.Itisneartheirhome.B.Ithassomediscounts.C.Ithasverygoodwine.聽第9段材料，回答第14至第17四個(gè)小題。14.Whydoesthemantrytofindaroommate?A.Tosharetherent.B.Tofeellesslonely.C.Togethelpindoingcleaning.15.Whatisusedtoshutthefridgedoor?A.Aboard.B.Abox.C.Asofa.16.Howmanyroomsarementionedintheconversation?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.17.Whatwillthewomandonextmostprobably?A.Lookforanotherplace.B.Cutdowntheprice.C.Moveintothehouse.聽第10段材料，回答第18至第20三個(gè)小題。18.WhenwilltheteamreturnfromCostaRica?A.OnMay15th.B.OnAugust15th.C.August25th.19.Wherewilltheteamgoforthesecondproject?A.Toanationalpark.B.TothecityofSanJosé.C.TotheeastofCostaRica.20.Whatwilltheydointhefinalproject?A.Workinazoo.B.Protectseabirds.C.Recordtrees’growth.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AShoeDogByPhilKnightInthisbook,forthefirsttimeever,NikefounderandCEOPhilKnightsharestheinsidestoryofthecompany’searlydaysanditsdevelopmentinbecomingoneoftheworld’smostgame-changingandmoney-makingbrands(品牌).In1962,freshoutofbusinessschool,PhilKnightborrowedfiftydollarsfromhisfatherandcreatedacompanywithasimpletask:bringhigh-quality,low-costathleticshoesfromJapanintoAmerica.Today,Nike’syearlysalestop$30billion.TheSnowballByAliceSchroederHereisthebookdescribingthelifeofoneofthemostrespectedmenintheworld,WarrenBuffett.Thefamousinvestor(投資者)hasneverwrittenamemoir(回憶錄),butnowhehasallowedonewriter,AliceSchroeder,todirectlyinterviewhimandthoseclosesttohimabouthiswork,opinions,struggles,successesandfailures.TheEverythingStoreByBradStoneIt’saboutthestoryofAmazon,oneofthemostsuccessfulcompaniesintheworld,andofitsexcellentfounder,JeffBezos.Amazonstartedoffdeliveringbooksthroughthemail.Butitsfounder,JeffBezos,wasn’tsatisfiedwithbeingabookseller.HewantedAmazontobecometheeverythingstore,offeringlimitlessselectionatextremelylowprices.CreatingMagicByLeeCockerellThesecretforcreatingmagicinourcareers,ourorganizations,andourlivesissimple:outstandingleadership,thekindthatinspiresemployees,pleasescustomers,andachieveswonderfulbusinessresults.NooneknowsmoreaboutthiskindofleadershipthanLeeCockerell,themanwhoranWaltDisneyWorldResortcompaniesforoveradecade.AndinCreatingMagic,hesharestheleadershipprinciplesthatformtheculturalbaseofoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.1.WhatdoweknowaboutShoeDog?A.ItteachesCEOshowtomakemoney.B.ItwaswrittenbyNikefounder’sfather.C.IttellshowPhilKnightstartedthecompany.D.ItencouragesAmericanstobecreativeinwork.2.AliceSchroederfinishedthebookTheSnowballmainlyby?A.havingsomeinterviews.B.makingsomesurveys.C.doingsomeresearch.Dtellingherstories.3.Whichbookwouldbethebestchoiceforamanagertoimprovehismanagementskills?A.ShoeDog. B.TheSnowball.C.TheEverythingStore. D.CreatingMagic.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了四本書籍的作者和相關(guān)內(nèi)容?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題ShoeDog下的“Inthisbook,forthefirsttimeever,NikefounderandCEOPhilKnightsharestheinsidestoryofthecompany’searlydaysanditsdevelopmentinbecomingoneoftheworld’smostgame-changingandmoney-makingbrands(品牌).(在這本書中，耐克創(chuàng)始人兼首席執(zhí)行官菲爾·奈特第一次分享了公司早期的內(nèi)幕故事，以及它如何發(fā)展成為世界上最具顛覆性和最賺錢的品牌之一)”以及“In1962,freshoutofbusinessschool,PhilKnightborrowedfiftydollarsfromhisfatherandcreatedacompanywithasimpletask:bringhigh-quality,low-costathleticshoesfromJapanintoAmerica.Today,Nike’syearlysalestop$30billion.(1962年，剛從商學(xué)院畢業(yè)的菲爾·奈特向父親借了50美元，創(chuàng)辦了一家公司，任務(wù)很簡單:把高質(zhì)量、低成本的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋從日本引入美國。如今，耐克的年銷售額超過300億美元)”可知，ShoeDog這本書講述了菲爾·奈特是如何創(chuàng)辦這家公司的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題TheSnowball下的“Hereisthebookdescribingthelifeofoneofthemostrespectedmenintheworld,WarrenBuffett.Thefamousinvestor(投資者)hasneverwrittenamemoir(回憶錄),butnowhehasallowedonewriter,AliceSchroeder,todirectlyinterviewhimandthoseclosesttohimabouthiswork,opinions,struggles,successesandfailures.(這本書描述了世界上最受尊敬的人之一沃倫·巴菲特的生活。這位著名的投資者從未寫過回憶錄，但現(xiàn)在他允許作家愛麗絲·施羅德(AliceSchroeder)直接采訪他和他最親近的人，談?wù)撍墓ぷ?、觀點(diǎn)、掙扎、成功和失敗)”可知，愛麗絲·施羅德主要是通過做一些采訪來完成TheSnowball這本書。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題CreatingMagic下的“NooneknowsmoreaboutthiskindofleadershipthanLeeCockerell,themanwhoranWaltDisneyWorldResortcompaniesforoveradecade.AndinCreatingMagic,hesharestheleadershipprinciplesthatformtheculturalbaseofoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.(沒有人比李·科克雷爾(LeeCockerell)更了解這種領(lǐng)導(dǎo)方式了，他經(jīng)營迪士尼世界度假區(qū)超過十年。在CreatingMagic一書中，他分享了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)原則，這些原則構(gòu)成了世界上最受歡迎的旅游景點(diǎn)之一的文化基礎(chǔ))”可知，CreatingMagic是管理者提高管理技能的最佳選擇。故選D項(xiàng)。BOneofmymosttreasuredmemoriesofchildhoodwaswatchingthosemagicalfireflies(螢火蟲)lightupafieldatnight.Irememberhowcomfortingitwastohavethenightlightenedbycountlessfirefliesannouncingtheirplaceintheworld.Inmyadultyears,however,I’venoticedfarfeweroftheseinsects.Alotofmyfriendsandfamilieshavemadethesameobservation.ThisiswhyIwassohappytoseeagoodnumberoffirefliesinoursmalllawn(草坪)theothernight.My9-year-olddaughter,agirltonotone—buttwobiologists—isfollowinginherparents’footstepsalready.Sheiscrazyaboutallwildthings.Needlesstosay,shewaspleasedwiththechancetoputoffbedtimeandtoexploreanewnaturalwonderwithMamawhenIcalled:“Honey!Comeoutandseeallthefireflies!”Withoutwearingshoes,sherushedintothesummernighttolookatoneofthemostmagicalshowsofnature—afieldoffireflies!ItwasamomentIwouldneverforget.So,what’schanged?Whyaresomanyofusseeingfewerfireflies?ItmainlyhastodowithhabitatlosscausedbyincreaseddevelopmentandourAmericanobsession(癡迷)withlargelawnsand“tidy”views.Inourcase,weareseeingmorefirefliesbecausewe’verecentlyletpartsofourlawn“go”.Aneighboraskedustheotherday,“Doyouguysmow(割草)?!”Insomeplaceswedo;inothersweonlymowonceayear.Wenowhavealovelylittlelawnunderourappletreesthatisdeliveringbigrewards.Weenjoythefree-growingwildflowersbydayandthetallplantssupportmorefirefliesforustoenjoyatnight.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorwhenshewasachild?A.Shehadnolightsathomeatnight.B.Shewasgreatlyimpressedbyfireflies.C.Shenoticedfirefliesdisappearinggradually.D.Sheshowedgreatinterestinstudyinginsects.5.Whyistheauthor’sdaughtercrazyaboutwildthings?A.Sheisstudyingbiology.B.Shelikesplayingoutdoorsatnight.C.Shelivesinthecitymostofthetime.D.Shehasbeeninfluencedbyherparents.6.Whyistheauthorseeingmorefirefliesinherlawn?A.Herwildlawnattractedthem.B.Herlawnwasingoodcondition.C.Shebuilthousesforfirefliesinherlawn.D.Shegrewmanyappletreesinhergarden.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Createahappychildhoodforyourkids.B.Teachchildrentocarefortheenvironment.C.Bringthemagicoffirefliesbackhomeagain.D.Improvetheenvironmentthroughourefforts.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了螢火蟲給小時(shí)候的作者留下了深刻的印象，后來作者的女兒也癡迷于這些螢火蟲。于是作者在自家草坪里留出了一塊地，來讓這些草坪自由生長，讓這些野生草坪吸引螢火蟲?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneofmymosttreasuredmemoriesofchildhoodwaswatchingthosemagicalfireflies(螢火蟲)lightupafieldatnight.Irememberhowcomfortingitwastohavethenightlightenedbycountlessfirefliesannouncingtheirplaceintheworld.(我最珍貴的童年記憶之一就是看著那些神奇的螢火蟲在夜晚照亮田野。我記得，無數(shù)的螢火蟲在夜空中宣告著它們?cè)谑澜缟系奈恢?，那是多么令人欣?”可知，我們能了解到作者小時(shí)候，螢火蟲給她留下了深刻的印象。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“My9-year-olddaughter,agirltonotone—buttwobiologists—isfollowinginherparents’footstepsalready.Sheiscrazyaboutallwildthings.(我9歲的女兒，不是一個(gè)，而是兩個(gè)生物學(xué)家的女兒，已經(jīng)在追隨她父母的腳步了。她對(duì)一切野生事物都很著迷)”可知，作者的女兒受到父母的影響，所以對(duì)野生動(dòng)物如此著迷。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inourcase,weareseeingmorefirefliesbecausewe’verecentlyletpartsofourlawn“go”.(在我們的情況下，我們看到更多的螢火蟲是因?yàn)槲覀冏罱尣萜旱哪承┎糠帧胺湃巫粤鳌?”可知，作者不再修剪草坪，而是讓它變成野生的草地一樣，從而吸引更多的螢火蟲。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneofmymosttreasuredmemoriesofchildhoodwaswatchingthosemagicalfireflies(螢火蟲)lightupafieldatnight.Irememberhowcomfortingitwastohavethenightlightenedbycountlessfirefliesannouncingtheirplaceintheworld.(我最珍貴的童年記憶之一就是看著那些神奇的螢火蟲在夜晚照亮田野。我記得，無數(shù)的螢火蟲在夜空中宣告著它們?cè)谑澜缟系奈恢茫鞘嵌嗝戳钊诵牢?”以及第二段“Inmyadultyears,however,I’venoticedfarfeweroftheseinsects.Alotofmyfriendsandfamilieshavemadethesameobservation.ThisiswhyIwassohappytoseeagoodnumberoffirefliesinoursmalllawn(草坪)theothernight.(然而，在我成年后，我注意到的這種昆蟲要少得多。我的很多朋友和家人都有同樣的看法。這就是為什么那天晚上我很高興看到我家的小草坪上有很多螢火蟲)”縱觀全文可知，本文講述了螢火蟲給小時(shí)候的作者留下了深刻的印象，但是長大后，發(fā)現(xiàn)變少了，于是作者在自家草坪里留出了一塊地，來讓這些草坪自由生長，讓這些野生草坪吸引螢火蟲。所以C項(xiàng)“Bringthemagicoffirefliesbackhomeagain.(把螢火蟲的魔力帶回家)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。CWhatdidpeopledoforfunbeforesmartphonesandcomputerswereinvented?Afterconductingresearch,IlearnedthatCantoneseopera(粵劇)wasthetopformofentertainmentinChinaforcenturies.WithsingingandspokenlinesdeliveredintheCantonesedialect,CantoneseoperaisoneofseveraloperatictypesborninGuangdongprovince.Tolearnmoreabouttheartform,IspokewithLuiHung-kwong,programdirectoroftheCantoneseOperaAcademyofHongKong.He’salsoawell-knownperformer.Hereissomethingfromourconversation.Fromthe19thcenturythroughtheearly20thcentury,operatroupes(劇團(tuán))wouldperformalongthePearlRiverDeltainsouthernChina.Theylivedonboatsthatwerepaintedredandtransportedthemtovarioustemplefestivalsduringtheperformanceseason.Atroupetypicallystayedinacityforafewdays,performingdifferentplayseachday.Bythe1930s,themajorperformingplacesforCantoneseoperahadmovedtobigcities,andmoreconvenientformsoftransportationbegantobeused.Asaresult,theredboatsbegantodisappear.Ineachoperaproduction,thestoryistoldthroughthe“fourbasicskills”ofsinging,acting,deliveryofspokenlinesandmartialarts.Theseareimprovedbystagemakeup,costumes,propsandthebeatsongongsanddrums.Theperformanceisamixofliterature,drama,balladsinging,danceandmartialarts.Cantoneseoperaissupposedtomirrorreallife.Oldergenerationsreadtheoldstories,andlistenedtothemontheradio.Itwaslikepopculturetothem.Butourlivestodaydiffergreatlyfromthestoriestoldintheopera.SoCantoneseoperabeginstotellsomethemesthatwillinterestkidstoday.Forexample,afairyfailsanexamandisforcedtocometotheearth,whereshemustlearnfromhumanchildren.8.Whydoestheauthorraiseaquestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakepeoplethink.B.Toattractreaders’attention.C.Toleadintothetopicofthetext.D.Todoresearchonpeople’sentertainment.9.Whatisthewholetextbasedon?A.Theresearchdonebytheauthor.B.Theauthor’sinterviewwithanexpert.C.Theauthor’spersonallifeexperiences.D.Theauthor’srichknowledgeoftheopera.10.WhatdoweknowaboutCantoneseoperafromParagraph3?A.Itsdevelopment. B.Itscharacter.C.Itsimportance. D.Itspopularity.11.WhatisCantoneseoperatryingtodocurrently?A.Improveitsquality. B.Mixwithpopculture.C.Attractnewgenerations. D.Reflectoldpeople’slife.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了粵劇的歷史和對(duì)人們的影響等?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Whatdidpeopledoforfunbeforesmartphonesandcomputerswereinvented?Afterconductingresearch,IlearnedthatCantoneseopera(粵劇)wasthetopformofentertainmentinChinaforcenturies.WithsingingandspokenlinesdeliveredintheCantonesedialect,CantoneseoperaisoneofseveraloperatictypesborninGuangdongprovince.(在智能手機(jī)和電腦發(fā)明之前，人們有什么娛樂活動(dòng)?經(jīng)過研究，我了解到，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，粵劇一直是中國最重要的娛樂形式?；泟∫詮V東方言演唱和口語，是廣東誕生的幾種歌劇類型之一。)”可知，作者在第一段提出一個(gè)問題目的是引出文章的主題，即粵劇的相關(guān)信息。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“Hereissomethingfromourconversation.(下面是我們談話中的一些內(nèi)容。)”可知，全文基于作者對(duì)一位專家的采訪。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Fromthe19thcenturythroughtheearly20thcentury,operatroupes(劇團(tuán))wouldperformalongthePearlRiverDeltainsouthernChina.Theylivedonboatsthatwerepaintedredandtransportedthemtovarioustemplefestivalsduringtheperformanceseason.Atroupetypicallystayedinacityforafewdays,performingdifferentplayseachday.Bythe1930s,themajorperformingplacesforCantoneseoperahadmovedtobigcities,andmoreconvenientformsoftransportationbegantobeused.Asaresult,theredboatsbegantodisappear.(從19世紀(jì)到20世紀(jì)初，歌劇團(tuán)會(huì)在中國南部的珠江三角洲一帶演出。他們住在被漆成紅色的船上，在演出季節(jié)將他們運(yùn)送到各種寺廟的節(jié)日。一個(gè)劇團(tuán)通常在一個(gè)城市停留幾天，每天演出不同的劇目。到20世紀(jì)30年代，粵劇的主要表演場(chǎng)所已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到大城市，并且開始使用更方便的交通方式。結(jié)果，紅船開始消失。)”可知，從第三段我們了解了粵劇的發(fā)展。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“SoCantoneseoperabeginstotellsomethemesthatwillinterestkidstoday.(所以粵劇開始講述一些今天孩子們感興趣的主題。)”可知，粵劇目前想吸引孩子們，即想吸引新一代。故選C。DMorethan100scientistsfrom25countrieshavetraveledtofarawayplacestocollectwildcropseeds(種子)inanefforttohelpbattleclimatechange.Thescientists,whohavebeencomparedtotheheroesofthe“IndianaJones”movies,traveledonfoot,four-wheeledvehicles,boats,horsesandevenelephantstoreachfarawayareas.Theyfacedextremeheat,dust,anddangerfromwildanimals.Atlast,theycollected4,644seedsof371wildrelativesof28worldcrops,manyofwhicharesaidtobeendangered.TheCropTrust,anorganizationthatworkstosavedifferentkindsofcrops,isdirectingtheproject.ThegroupisworkinginpartnershipwithBritain’sRoyalBotanicGardensandMillenniumSeedBank.AdditionalfinancialsupportcomesfromNorway.Theprojectisbelievedtobethelargestorganizedinternationaleffortyettocollectandprotectcrops’wildrelatives.HannesDempewolfisascientistandtheheadattheCropTrust.Hesaid,“WhattheseseedcollectorswentthroughinthefieldresemblesscenesfromanIndianaJonesmovie.”Somecropsarethreatenedbecauseofdestructionofforests,climatechangeandexpandedcities.Thenewly-foundwildseedshavedevelopedsoplantscangrowinextremetemperatures,poorsoils,andeveninlowrainfallareas.AUnitedNationsreportsaysthatfoodproductionisatriskbecauseofashortageofrainandotherweatherextremesconnectedtoclimatechange.TheU.N.FoodandAgricultureOrganizationsaysthatthenumberofplantspeciesisquicklydecreasingandpeoplearedependingonfewerspeciesforfood.Thosewildseedscouldbeimportantinfeedingagrowinghumanpopulationinsomeareasandofferalargelyunusedsourceofdiversity(多樣性)tocrops.12.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphshow?A.Collectingseedsisnotaneasyjob.B.Thescientists’storyismadeintoamovie.C.Thewildseedsareindangerofextinction.D.Thescientistscanchoosefrommanyvehicles.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resembles”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Dependson. B.Lookslike.C.Turnsout. D.Refersto.14.Whatistheadvantageofthenewly-foundwildseeds?A.Theycanincreasegreenareas.B.Theycanprovidemorenutrients.C.Theycansurvivebadconditions.D.Theycanimprovecurrentcropseeds.15.Whatisthemeaningofthescientistscollectingwildseeds?A.Bringingmoreplantspeciestotheworld.B.Makingsureoffoodsupplyandfooddiversity.C.Knowingabouttheworld’sfarmingpractices.D.Helpingfarmersimprovetheirfarmingskills.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章講述了來自25個(gè)國家的100多名科學(xué)家前往遙遠(yuǎn)的地方收集野生作物種子，以幫助對(duì)抗氣候變化?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thescientists,whohavebeencomparedtotheheroesofthe“IndianaJones”movies,traveledonfoot,four-wheeledvehicles,boats,horsesandevenelephantstoreachfarawayareas.Theyfacedextremeheat,dust,anddangerfromwildanimals.(科學(xué)家們被比作電影《奪寶奇兵》中的英雄人物，他們步行、四輪車輛、船只、馬甚至大象前往遙遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)。他們面臨著酷熱、灰塵和野生動(dòng)物的危險(xiǎn)。)”可知，科學(xué)家們收集種子的旅途并不是一份簡單的工作。故選A。13題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thescientists,whohavebeencomparedtotheheroesofthe“IndianaJones”movies,traveledonfoot,four-wheeledvehicles,boats,horsesandevenelephantstoreachfarawayareas.Theyfacedextremeheat,dust,anddangerfromwildanimals.(科學(xué)家們被比作電影《奪寶奇兵》中的英雄人物，他們步行、四輪車輛、船只、馬甚至大象前往遙遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)。他們面臨著酷熱、灰塵和野生動(dòng)物的危險(xiǎn)。)”可知，科學(xué)家們收集種子的旅途并不是一份簡單的工作，再結(jié)合劃線單詞所在句可知，人們把這些種子收集者經(jīng)歷的一切和《奪寶奇兵》電影中的場(chǎng)景作比較，也就是說兩者有相似之處，所以劃線單詞表示“看起來像”。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thenewly-foundwildseedshavedevelopedsoplantscangrowinextremetemperatures,poorsoils,andeveninlowrainfallareas.”Thenewly-foundwildseedshavedevelopedsoplantscangrowinextremetemperatures,poorsoils,andeveninlowrainfallareas.(新發(fā)現(xiàn)的野生種子已經(jīng)發(fā)育成熟，因此植物可以在極端溫度、貧瘠土壤，甚至在低降雨量地區(qū)生長。由此可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)種子的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以在極端氣候條件下存活。)可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)的野生種子的好處是它們能在惡劣的條件下生存。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“AUnitedNationsreportsaysthatfoodproductionisatriskbecauseofashortageofrainandotherweatherextremesconnectedtoclimatechange.TheU.N.FoodandAgricultureOrganizationsaysthatthenumberofplantspeciesisquicklydecreasingandpeoplearedependingonfewerspeciesforfood.Thosewildseedscouldbeimportantinfeedingagrowinghumanpopulationinsomeareasandofferalargelyunusedsourceofdiversitytocrops.(聯(lián)合國的一份報(bào)告稱，由于缺少雨水和其他與氣候變化有關(guān)的極端天氣，糧食生產(chǎn)面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織表示，植物物種的數(shù)量正在迅速減少，人們依靠更少的物種作為食物。在某些地區(qū)，這些野生種子在養(yǎng)活不斷增長的人口方面可能很重要，并為農(nóng)作物提供了一種基本上未被利用的多樣性來源。)”可知，科學(xué)家們收集植物種子的意義是確保食物供應(yīng)和食物多樣性。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theoceancoversmorethan70percentoftheearth’ssurfaceandthedeepseacouldcontainasmanyas100millionspecies.Butit’sbecomingworse.Overfishing,plasticpollution,risingsealevels,andclimatechangearetopartlyblame(責(zé)怪)fortheocean’spresentstate.____16____Buttherearestillsomethingswecandotoimprovethesituation.Peoplearetalkingaboutplasticsmorethaneverafterrecognizingtheheavyeffectthematerialhasonourplanet.Everyyear,thousandsofseabirds,seaturtles,seals,whales,dolphins,andfisharekilledaftermistakenlyeatingplastics.____17____Youcanbuyreusablewaterbottlesinsteadofplasticones.Whenbuyingthings,takeareusableshoppingbagandchoosetheproductthatisn’tcoveredwithplasticpackaging.Keepingourcoastlinescleanisasimplewaytohelptheplanet.Afteradayatthebeach,makesureyou’vetakeneverythingwithyou,includingrubbish.____18____Commonsuncreamchemicalscanharmoceanlife.Searchforsuncreammadewitheco-friendlyingredients(成分).____19____Considermakingadonation(捐贈(zèng))toanorganizationworkingtohelptheocean.TheAmericanCetaceanSocietyhelpsprotectthehabitatsofwhales,dolphins,andothermarine(海洋的)animalsthrougheducationalprograms.Beingmindfulofwhatcleaningproductsyouuseisanothereffectivewaytoreduceyoureffectontheearth.Chemicalslikehouseholdcleanerscanmovethroughwaterwaysandeventuallyendupinthesea,affectingthehealthofoceansandtheanimalsinthem.____20____Youcanoftenusesimpleingredientslikebakingsoda,vinegar(醋),orlemonjuicetocompletemanyhouseholdchores.A.Gotsomesparechange?B.Areyouafanofmeatpies?C.Theseproblemsmaybehardtodealwith.D.Apartfrom(除了......)litter,youcanweareco-friendlysuncream.E.Chooseeco-friendlyproductsandlimitchemicalusewhenpossible.F.Onceyouarriveatyourdestination(終點(diǎn))，berespectfulofthelifeinthesea.G.Plasticstakeyearstobreakdown,sometakinghundredsorevenmore.【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了一些改善海洋環(huán)境的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Overfishing,plasticpollution,risingsealevels,andclimatechangearetopartlyblame(責(zé)怪)fortheocean’spresentstate.(過度捕撈、塑料污染、海平面上升和氣候變化是造成海洋現(xiàn)狀的部分原因)”以及后文“Buttherearestillsomethingswecandotoimprovethesituation.(但是我們?nèi)匀豢梢宰鲆恍┦虑閬砀纳七@種情況)”可知，空處應(yīng)是一個(gè)過渡句，由講述導(dǎo)致海洋現(xiàn)狀的原因到提出改善方法，所以C項(xiàng)“Theseproblemsmaybehardtodealwith.(這些問題可能很難處理)”符合文意，承接上文，problems為上句提到的海洋現(xiàn)狀，并引出下文，和下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C想法?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Youcanbuyreusablewaterbottlesinsteadofplasticones.Whenbuyingthings,takeareusableshoppingbagandchoosetheproductthatisn’tcoveredwithplasticpackaging.(你可以買可重復(fù)使用的水瓶，而不是塑料水瓶。買東西的時(shí)候，帶一個(gè)可重復(fù)使用的購物袋，選擇沒有塑料包裝的產(chǎn)品)”可知，本段主要講述了如何減少塑料污染的方法，所以G項(xiàng)“Plasticstakeyearstobreakdown,sometakinghundredsorevenmore.(塑料需要數(shù)年才能分解，有些需要數(shù)百年甚至更長時(shí)間)”講述塑料的危害，引出后文減少塑料污染的方法，符合本段主題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Keepingourcoastlinescleanisasimplewaytohelptheplanet.Afteradayatthebeach,makesureyou’vetakeneverythingwithyou,includingrubbish.(保持海岸線清潔是保護(hù)地球的一種簡單方法。在海灘上玩了一天之后，確保你把所有東西都帶走了，包括垃圾)”以及后文“Commonsuncreamchemicalscanharmoceanlife.Searchforsuncreammadewitheco-friendlyingredients(成分).(普通防曬霜中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)傷害海洋生物。尋找含有環(huán)保成分的防曬霜)”可知，D項(xiàng)“Apartfrom(除了......)litter,youcanweareco-friendlysuncream.(除了扔垃圾，你還可以涂環(huán)保型防曬霜)”起到承接上下文的作用，符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Considermakingadonation(捐贈(zèng))toanorganizationworkingtohelptheocean.TheAmericanCetaceanSocietyhelpsprotectthehabitatsofwhales,dolphins,andothermarine(海洋的)animalsthrougheducationalprograms.(考慮向一個(gè)致力于幫助海洋的組織捐款。美國鯨目動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)通過教育項(xiàng)目幫助保護(hù)鯨魚、海豚和其他海洋動(dòng)物的棲息地)”可知，本段主要介紹可以給保護(hù)海洋的組織捐款，所以A項(xiàng)“Gotsomesparechange?(有多余的零錢嗎?)”都是講錢，符合本段主題。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Beingmindfulofwhatcleaningproductsyouuseisanothereffectivewaytoreduceyoureffectontheearth.Chemicalslikehouseholdcleanerscanmovethroughwaterwaysandeventuallyendupinthesea,affectingthehealthofoceansandtheanimalsinthem.(注意你使用的清潔產(chǎn)品是另一種減少對(duì)地球影響的有效方法。像家用清潔劑這樣的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以通過水道移動(dòng)，最終進(jìn)入海洋，影響海洋和海洋動(dòng)物的健康)”可知，此處主要講述了化學(xué)品對(duì)海洋的危害，后文“Youcanoftenusesimpleingredientslikebakingsoda,vinegar(醋),orlemonjuicetocompletemanyhouseholdchores.(你可以用一些簡單的原料，比如小蘇打、醋或檸檬汁來完成很多家務(wù))”可知，講述了具體方法，所以空處應(yīng)是提出減少化學(xué)品的使用，所以E項(xiàng)“Chooseeco-friendlyproductsandlimitchemicalusewhenpossible.(選擇環(huán)保產(chǎn)品，盡可能減少化學(xué)品的使用)”符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Foryears,journalistSheikSadiqAlihasworkedinvariousbusinesses.____21____,hisgreatesthappinesscamefromthechildrenwhorushedovertoreceivethe____22____hedistributed(分發(fā))fromhispushcart.Asaone-timebookseller,he____23____thatmanychildrencouldn’taffordbooks,sohedecidedtodistributethemwithoutany____24____.In2015,AlibegantravellingaroundHyderabadto____25____storybooksamongchildren.Hethentookhis____26____librarybeyondthecitytoo.“90%ofwhatevermywifeandIearnisusedtobuybookstogiveaway.Wearea____27____couple,soweconsiderthosechildren,whohaveahungerfor____28____,ourownandwanttohelpthemgrow,”Alisays.____29____,COVID-19messeduphisoriginalplansand,asaresult,heisnowona_____30_____mission.“Childrenarerequiredbythegovernmentschoolstotakeonlineclasses.Buthowcan_____31_____kidsaffordexpensivemobilephonestoattendtheclasses?Iamcollectingsecond-handphonesforthosewhoreallyneedthem.It’sadropintheocean,butIam_____32_____,”Alisays.Truetohismissionofspreadingaloveof_____33_____,Aliisalsobuildingalibraryinhisvillage.However,hehasno_____34_____tostopoperatinghispushcartlibrary.“Sharingbookswithkidsgivesmethegreatest_____35_____.Wewillbebackonthestreetsoncethediseaseends,”Alisays.21.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Instead22.A.food B.clothes C.medicine D.books23.A.imagined B.accepted C.realized D.guessed24.A.doubt B.charge C.reason D.support25.A.putout B.pickup C.handout D.lookat26.A.private B.mobile C.large D.research27.A.homeless B.jobless C.friendless D.childless28.A.knowledge B.exercise C.success D.wealth29.A.Strangely B.Qui