2022華明必修4語法主謂一致

Subject---VerbAgreement(主謂一致)語法一致就近原則意義一致就遠原則“主語+附屬結(jié)構(gòu)”作主語，謂語與主語一致即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語也用復數(shù)形式。即主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。語法一致即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語也用復數(shù)形式。語法一致：1.當主語由and連結(jié)時，如果表示同一人或同一物時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，此時and后面的名詞無冠詞。如表示不同的人或物時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)，此時and后面的名詞有冠詞。Theworkerandwriter____(be)fromWuhan.那個工人兼作家

Theworkerandthewriter_____(be)fromBeijing.那位工人和那位作家isareTheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor___askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.

A.is

B.was

C.are

D.were答案B.注：先從時態(tài)上考慮。這是過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用過去時，先排除A.，C。本題易誤選D，因為TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor好象是兩個人，但仔細辨別，monitor前沒有the，在英語中，當一人兼數(shù)職時只在第一個職務(wù)前加定冠詞。后面的職務(wù)用and相連。這樣本題主語為一個人，所以應(yīng)選B。Thegiftisusedtohavewesternmeals.Whatisit?aknifeandforkAknifeandfork___usedtohavemeals.isasingeranddancerThesingeranddancer_____onthestage.isGoingoutforawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit.晚飯后出去散步是一個好習慣。

Toseeistobelieve.眼見為實。Whetherwe’llgodependsontheweather.我們是否去要取決于天氣的好壞。2.動詞不定式(短語),動名詞(短語),或從句作主語時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。例如：Something____(has/have)gonewrongwithmywatch.Anybodywho_______(break/breaks)therulewillbepunished.3.不定代詞somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;hasbreaksTwopictures______onthewall,whichattractmanypeople.Onthewall_____twopictures,whichattractmanypeople.Theirteacher______amongthestudents,whoisinherthirties.Amongthestudents_____

theirteacher,whoisinherthirties.4.倒裝句中的語法一致arearestandsstands5、由分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的

形式與of后面的名詞的數(shù)一致

即分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞，

謂語動詞用單數(shù)

分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+復數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)Tenpercentofthepupils_____absenttoday.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth____sea.areis意義一致即主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。1.由集體名詞,如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,audience,club,party,crew等作主語時,如果看成一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,如果看成其中各成員，則用復數(shù)形式.

Hisfamilyisverylarge.他家是一個大家庭。

Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他的家人都是音樂愛好者。意義一致：Thegroup____madeupofninestudents.Thegroup____dancinghappily.isareTheteam____somegoodplayers.(have)Theteam____handsome.(be)hasareChoosethecorrectverbformtocompletethefollowingsentences.1.Theresearchgroup

(is,are)madeupoffivepeople.2.What

(do,does)thegroupwantfortheirlunch?3.Ourfamily

(is,are)notpooranymore.4.Hehastoworry.Hisfamily

(is,are)waitingforhim.5.Theclass

(is,are)morethanfortyinnumber.isdoisareis6.Theclass

(have,has)disagreedamongthemselvesaboutwheretheyshouldgoandhaveapicnic.7.Thegovernment

(has,have)spentmorethantwomillionyuaninplantingtrees.8.Thecitygovernment

(has,have)differentopinionsaboutnextyear’splan.havehashave注意：但集體名詞為people,police,cattle等在一般情況下謂語動詞都用復數(shù)形式。9.Thepolice________(is,are)searchingforthethief.areNeitherdog_____big.(A.isB.are)Neitherofthem_____big.(A.isB.are)

ANeitheroftherabbits_____handsome..(A.isB.are)A/BNeitherrabbit_____handsome.(A.isB.are)AA/B＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿2.代詞作主語neitherofnoneof不可數(shù)名詞+可數(shù)名詞neither+單數(shù)名詞謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)Howtousenoneandneither謂語動詞用單數(shù)謂語動詞用單數(shù)3.Neitherofus________(was/were)readywhenthepartybegan.4.Noneofthem________(has/have)watchedthetalkshow.have/haswas/were

1.Noneofthesepeople___doctors.A.hasB.haveC.areD.was2.Neitherofthem___agoodsinger.A.wasB.isC.wereD.isusedtobeCBe.g.Tomisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatplayingfootball.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____

goodatplayingfootball.areis[注意]在“oneof+復數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；但是若前有theonly,將其限定為只有一個時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.3.表示時間、距離、金錢等復數(shù)名詞作主語，表達一個整體概念時,謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式;Twoyears______passedsinceIleftNingbo;Onemilliondollars______agreatsumofmoney.Everymeans______beentriedsincethen.hasB.haveC.areD.is2.Nonews____goodnews.(is/are)3.Maths/physics_____thesubjectthatIlikemost.(is/are)4.以-s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如news,maths,physics,theUnitedStates,works，means等作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;hasisisishas5.the＋adj.作主語the＋adj.,表示一類人，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，如theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor等the+adj.,表示某個人或一類抽象的事物，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如thebeautiful,thegood等Theold____takengoodcareofinoursociety.Therich____forthedecisionbutthepoorareagainstit.Thewounded____ayoungboy.Thebeautiful____notalwaysthesameasthegood.arearewasis就近原則即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。

Aor

B

NotAbut

B

EitherAor

B

NeitherAnor

B

Not

onlyAbutalso

B

Manya/an+單數(shù)名詞Morethanone+單數(shù)名詞Verb就近原則：1.我們教室里有一臺電視機和56張桌子.Thereare

56desksandonetelevisioninourclassroom.Thereis

onetelevisionand56desksinourclassroom.存在句:Therebe…….結(jié)構(gòu)

HereThere+Verb

AandB

A,BandCNotonlyyoubutalsohe____wrong.(is/are)Neitheryounorhe___right.(is/are)There___twoshopsandacinemabesidetherailwaystation.(is/are)Here__amapandahandbookforyou.

(is/are)isisareis＿______＿————1．Oneortwodays____enoughtoseethecity．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be

2．Notthestudentsbuttheteacher____lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm．

A．is B．a(chǎn)reC．a(chǎn)m D．be3.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother．

A.is B.areC．a(chǎn)mD．be4.NeithermywifenorImyself____abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind．

A．is B.areC．a(chǎn)mD．be5.Eithersheoryou_________goingtovisitBeijing.A.isB.areC．a(chǎn)mD．be6.Manyaman___thestory.

A.believes

B.believe7.Morethanoneman___diedintheaccident.

A.hasB.have8.Morethanfivemen___diedintheaccident.

A.hasB.haveAAB就遠原則“主語+附屬結(jié)構(gòu)”作主語，謂語與前面的主語一致當主語后面跟有aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,like,suchas,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including,asmuchas,nolessthan等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)由前面的主語而定。1.Theteacherwithtwostudents______atthemeeting.(was/were)2.E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,________animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.playwasA就遠原則A

謂語動詞與第一個主語A保持一致Allbutone______(be)herejustnow.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks___(be)offeredtothenationasagift.Apeasanttogetherwithsomesoldiers

____(be)

abouttohelpus.withalongwithtogetherwithbesidesbutexceptincludingaswellasratherthanBwereisis1．NobodybutBettyandMary____lateforclassyesterday．

A．was B．wereC．hasbeen D．havebeen2．Awomanwithsomechildren____soon．

A．iscoming B．a(chǎn)recomingC．hascome D．havecome3.Everything,includingtheclothes,____stolenthatevening.A.isB.wasC.areD.were7．Nooneexceptmyparents____anythingaboutthis。

A．know B．knowsC．isknown D．a(chǎn)reknown8．Theteacheraswellasthestudents____thebookalready．

A．hasread B．havereadC．a(chǎn)rereading D．isreading9．Allbutone____intheaccident．

A．waskilled B．werekilledC．willbekilled D．a(chǎn)rekilled1．Oneortwodays____enoughtoseethecity．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be2．NeithermywifenorImyself____abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．beExercises:3．NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be4．Nottheteacher，butthestudents____lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be5．NobodybutBettyandMary____lateforclassyesterday．

A．was B．wereC．hasbeen D．havebeen6．Awomanwithsomechildren____soon．

A．iscoming B．a(chǎn)recomingC．hascome D．havecome7．Nooneexceptmyparents____anythingaboutthis。

A．know B．knowsC．isknown D．a(chǎn)reknown8．Theteacheraswellasthestudents____thebookalready．

A．hasread B．havereadC．a(chǎn)rereading D．isreading9．Allbutone____intheaccident．

A．waskilled B．werekilledC．willbekilled D．a(chǎn)rekilled10.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be11.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks___tothenationasagift.A.isoffered